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This article analyzes the politics surrounding the 1970s/early 1980s introduction of work-incentive measures for “welfare mothers” in Ontario. It uses governance and assemblage theory to analyze the substance and dynamics of the debates in this area as they involved state officials, social policy and social welfare advocates, and welfare mother activists. Using a wide array of archival documents and media accounts, the article uncovers the discursive and other kinds of practices that government officials used in seeking to contain the debate and foreclose more radical possibilities, as well as the role that progressive groups sometimes played in reinforcing official expertise. The article concludes that the work incentives for welfare mothers measures were not just benign policy but mechanisms that screened out the political and, ultimately, further disempowered and marginalized welfare mothers. Such programs operate to this day to reinforce a worldview that ignores structural oppression and inequality.

The article reviews the book, "Black Lives, Native Lands, White Worlds: A History of Slavery in New England," by Jared Ross Hardesty.

L’adéquation formation-emploi a fait couler beaucoup d’encre au cours des dernières années, car elle présente des défis importants auxquels tant les entreprises que les pouvoirs publics cherchent à répondre. Il s’agit d’une notion polysémique que l’on doit s’assurer de bien cerner parce que la littérature regorge d’une multitude de vocables et de mesures utilisés pour décrire les situations d’inadéquation formation-emploi et d’écarts observés dans le marché du travail.

This is a study of 933 academic promotions from associate to full professor in Ontario, Canada for the period 2010-2014. Publicly available sources provided a bibliometric profile including gender, year of promotion, university, academic discipline, salary, type and number of publications and number of authors for each promotion to full professor. We found a large gender gap in academic promotions favouring men, which is explained mainly by a structural focus on male-dominated academic disciplines. We also found large differences in numbers of publications by academic discipline, which was substantially reduced after considering the number of authors per publication. Business professors were paid substantially more than other professors at the time of promotion. Our study focused on publications, and given this limitation the results should be taken in the context that there are multiple considerations for promotion. Publication quality and impact, grants and patents, were not adjusted for.

From mining to sex work and from the classroom to the docks, violence has always been a part of work. This collection of essays highlights the many different forms and expressions of violence that have arisen under capitalism in the last two hundred years, as well as how historians of working-class life and labour have understood violence. The editors draw together diverse case studies, integrating analysis of class, age, gender, sexuality, and race into the scholarship. Essays span the United States and Canadian border, exploring gender violence, sexual harassment, the violent kidnapping of union organizers, the violence of inadequate health and safety protections, the culture of violence in state institutions, the mythology of working-class violence, and the changing nature of violence in extractive industries. The Violence of Work theorizes and historicizes violence as an integral part of working life, making it possible to understand the full scope and causes of workplace violence over time. --Publisher's description, Contents: Introduction: Accounting for violence / Jeremy Milloy -- The perils of sex work in Montreal: seeking security and justice in the face of violence, 1810-1842 / Mary Anne Poutanen -- The rules of discipline: workers and the culture of violence in progressive-era reform schools / James Schmidt -- The "new solution": anti-labour kidnapping, D.B. McKay, and the legacy of the second Seminole War / Chad Pearson -- Billy Gohl: labour, violence, and myth in the early twentieth-century Pacific Northwest / Aaron Goings -- Slow violence and hidden injuries: the work of strip mining in the American west / Ryan Driskell Tate -- The murder of Lori Dupont : violence, harassment, and occupational health and safety in Ontarion / Sarah Jessup -- "By the nuimbers" : workers' compensation and the (further) conventionalization of workplace violence / Robert Storey -- Gender violence in the hospitality industry: panic buttons, pants, and protest / Emily E. LB. Twarog.

This article explores the hidden work of workers employed in precarious jobs which are characterized by part-time and temporary contracts, limited control over work schedules, and poor access to regulatory protection. Through 77 semi-structured interviews with workers in low-wage, precarious jobs in Ontario, Canada, we examine workers’ attempts to challenge the precarity they face when confronted by workplace conditions violating the Ontario Employment Standards Act (ESA), such as not being paid minimum wages, not being paid for overtime, being fired wrongfully or being subject to reprisals. We argue that these challenges involve hidden work, which is neither acknowledged nor recognized in the current ESA enforcement regime. We examine three types of hidden work that involve (1) creating a sense of positive self-worth amidst disempowering practices; (2) engaging in advocacy vis-à-vis employers, sometimes through launching official claims with the Ontario Ministry of Labour; and (3) developing strategies to avoid the costs of precarity in the future. We argue that this hidden work of challenging precarity needs to be formally recognized and that concrete strategies for doing so might lead to more robust protection for workers, particularly within ESA enforcement practices.

The article reviews the book, "Le travail à l’épreuve des nouvelles temporalités," edited by Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay et Sid Ahmed Soussi.

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser la formation à la diversité par le théâtre d’entreprise en se centrant sur le thème de l’égalité femmes/hommes dans le monde professionnel. Il se focalise sur la première phase de la prestation théâtrale, à savoir les saynètes de formation sur catalogue, jouées par des comédiens-formateurs. Ces dernières exposent les situations d’inégalités femmes/hommes au travail, afin de préparer la seconde phase formatrice qui porte sur les stéréotypes, l’analyse des comportements exposés et les possibles remédiations. La problématique de recherche est centrée sur la façon dont le théâtre d’entreprise représente les inégalités femmes/hommes au travail dans les saynètes introduisant leur formation à la diversité. Pour y répondre, une méthodologie qualitative a été choisie et celle-ci permet de comprendre les mécanismes à l’oeuvre dans les formations théâtrales qui servent de support aux politiques de gestion à la diversité dans les organisations. Il apparaît, notamment, que ces formations se concentrent sur certaines dimensions de l’égalité femmes/hommes, le plus souvent dans un but de mise en conformité avec la loi, omettant en cela de prendre en compte plusieurs facettes du phénomène d’inégalité. Cette recherche montre le mode de fonctionnement du théâtre fondé sur un idéal-type et l’exposition de situations, basées sur les différentes barrières rencontrées par les femmes. Bien qu’il constitue un outil de formation et de sensibilisation original, seul, il n’est pas suffisant pour saisir toute la complexité du phénomène en oeuvre et mener à un changement des comportements. Il apparait donc important dans de futures recherches de mieux appréhender le processus de formation et de procéder à une mesure longitudinale de l’apport du théâtre dans la formation à l’égalité femmes-hommes.

This thesis is a critical analysis of the multimedia project Piece Work (2017) by Toronto-based, Italian Canadian artist Sara Angelucci (b. 1962). Focusing on Coppley Apparel, a garment factory in Hamilton, Ontario, the project explores the process of making business suits through the digital collage Coppley Patterns and the photographic series Mano d’Oro. The sound installation A Sewers’ Chorus features the voices of the garment workers who recall positive and negative memories of their work experiences and personal histories, while the video installation Suit Elevator depicts the business suit in its final form. The majority of Coppley Apparel’s employees are women from non-white racialized groups. Deploying an intersectional feminist approach, this thesis argues that Piece Work reveals the complex lives of these factory workers from immigrant backgrounds in ways that speak against persisting discourses and practices of racialized and gendered labour in the garment industry. It begins by providing an overview of the history of the Coppley Apparel factory in relation to the history of migrant garment factory workers in Hamilton, and the broader history of racialized and gendered factory labour in the city. This thesis also acts as a record of the migration story of Nina Acciaroli, the artist’s mother, whose first job in Canada was at Coppley Apparel. It then examines A Sewers’ Chorus and its use of oral history, providing a discussion of the different stories shared by the interviewees, which range from happy childhood memories and nostalgic flashbacks to accounts of traumatic experiences. The thesis provides a comprehensive discussion of the process of making Piece Work, contextualizing it within Angelucci’s larger artistic practice of incorporating voices in the exploration of her family’s immigrant experience. Ultimately, Piece Work recognizes the employees of Coppley Apparel as people with singular voices and unique experiences and highlights their agency by including the complexity of their voices and identities as women, garment workers, racialized minorities, and contributing members of Canadian society.

The article reviews the book, "Organization Change: Theory and Practice, 5th edition," by Warner W. Burke.

Canadian theatre designers share many similarities with other freelance, creative workers in Canada. The conditions of precarity that define their working relationships are similar to those that affect workers in other sectors, such as film, music, television, and visual arts. This thesis begins by examining the existing literatures and research concerning creative and precarious work, primarily in Canada, but also internationally. Drawing on in-depth interviews of 55 designers from within the relatively small community of Canadian theatre designers, approximately 500-700 workers, I examine the working conditions that designers find challenging and seek suggestions for how they can be improved. Additionally, I explore the different models that designers have used to organize in Canada, Quebec, and the United States. By comparing these models with the interviews from designers, I conclude that the best way for Canadian designers to improve their working conditions is to build a closer relationship with IATSE [International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees], the union that represents stagehands and technicians. Finally, I identify some questions for further exploration, including the tension between artistic and worker identities, while also touching on the present circumstances of the Covid-19 crisis and the current conversations concerning racism and white supremacy within Canadian society.

The article reviews the book, "Radical Housewives: Price Wars & Food Politics in Mid-Twentieth Century Canada," by Julie Guard.

Cet article propose un cadre théorique pluraliste d’analyse de l’économie morale des rémunérations afin d’examiner les jugements de justice salariale que portent les enseignants québécois et français. La question générale de recherche est la suivante : Quelles sont les rhétoriques mobilisées pour justifier des avantages salariaux et pour dénoncer des injustices? Théoriquement, nous proposons un cadre d’analyse selon lequel les acteurs construisent des rhétoriques de justice en combinant quatre normes particulières (droits, besoins, investissements et marché) à deux principes premiers (égalité et différenciation). Notre cadre permet d’abord de tenir compte de la hiérarchisation des normes, des plus égalisatrices aux plus différenciatrices. De plus, notre cadre systématise l’idée de malléabilité instrumentale des normes, les normes de droits et de besoins pouvant être perverties dans une orientation différenciatrice et la norme du marché subvertie dans une orientation égalisatrice. Méthodologiquement, nous analysons des témoignages électroniques d’enseignants de la France et du Québec, du niveau primaire à l’enseignement supérieur. L’intérêt heuristique du corpus tient, d’une part, au fait qu’elle permet d’inclure des salariés dont les régimes de rémunération sont inégaux et, d’autre part, à la comparaison des deux contextes nationaux. Nous explorons tant les thèmes de justifications salariales que les champs sémantiques des justifications et des dénonciations. L’analyse nous conduit à confirmer la mobilisation par les enseignants d’une pluralité de rhétoriques de perception de l’injustice. Nous dégageons un continuum hiérarchisé de logiques de perceptions de l’injustice : les enseignants ont d’autant plus tendance à mobiliser des normes différenciatrices qu’ils sont élevés dans la hiérarchie salariale statutaire. L’analyse empirique permet également de dégager l’existence de rhétoriques spécifiques aux deux espaces nationaux étudiés. Ces dernières correspondent à des usages subversifs du marché ou pervertis des principes de droits ou de besoins. Enfin, nous montrons que les enseignants les plus privilégiés pervertissent les normes du droit et du besoin pour préserver leurs avantages.

The article reviews the book, "American Labour’s Cold War Abroad: From Deep Freeze to Détente, 1945-1970," by Anthony Carew.

The article reviews the book, "Bullshit Jobs: A Theory," by David Graeber.

The article reviews the book, "Capitalism in America: A History," by Alan Greenspan and Adrian Wooldridge .

The article reviews the book, "The Dark Side of Management: A Secret History of Management Theory," by Gerald Hanlon.

The article reviews the book, " The Great Reversal: How America Gave Up on Free Markets," by Thomas Philippon.

The article reviews the book, "The Personality Brokers: The Strange History of Myers-Briggs and the Birth of Personality Testing," by Merve Emre.

The article reviews the book, "Bad Faith: Teachers, Liberalism, and the Origins of McCarthyism," by Andrew Feffer.