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The article reviews the book, "Housing in Postwar Canada: Demographic Change, Household Formation and Housing Demand," by John R. Miron.

L’état de la discipline en relations industrielles au Canada : un brin d’histoire et une postface.

The article reviews the book, "The Social Organization of Industrial Conflict: Control and Resistance in the Workplace," by P.K. Edwards and Hugh Scullion.

The article reviews and comments on two books: "Against the Tide: The Story of the Canadian Seamen's Union," by Jim Green, and "Everything That Floats: Pat Sullivan, Hal Banks, and the Canadian Seamen's Unions of Canada," by William Kaplan.

Trade unions in a liberal society are caught on the horns of a dilemma over freedom of association. In respect to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, unions are faced with relying on the positive freedom to associate as a defence for union security clauses, and, at the same time, denying freedom from association claims of those who do not wish to participate in union membership and/or union activities. The aim of this thesis is to explore that dilemma, and to assess some of the possible strategies union leaders could employ to come to terms with it. The dilemma that trade unions face consists of several elements. The source of the dilemma is found in the conflict over negative and positive liberty and the nature of freedom, and more specifically over competing visions of freedom of association in the trade union context. This conflict has found its way into the courts; in particular, the Lavigne case, which challenges political expenditures by unions (in certain circumstances), has generated much controversy and resulted in two opposing judicial decisions. However, the courts are not the only arena in which an attempt is being made to balance the competing claims of liberty; the political realm offers another avenue through which trade unions could attempt to influence labour legislation. However, unlike other intervenors such as women's or aboriginal groups, the trade union movement was largely absent from pre-Charter Joint Committee hearings. In hindsight it is quite clear that labour's non-participation represented a missed opportunity to influence the wording of freedom of association in a way that would make challenges from a negative liberty standpoint more difficult. In addition, the post-Charter prospects of lobbying government to implement legislation which would prevent negative liberty claims from succeeding (possibly through the "notwithstanding" clause in the Charter) appear quite dismal. Thus, a trade union strategy which would look for a political avenue out of its dilemma was not implemented pre-Charter and looks doubtful post-Charter. Nonetheless, in terms of the individual and his freedom (of association) in a liberal society, a fair balance between negative and positive liberty claims should be struck; one which allows limited coerion of the individual in the form of union security (the agency shop), but also restricts trade unions in the form of limits on political expenditures. This balance may, however, seriously threaten the political role of the trade union community. But, while individuals retain their right to exercise negative liberty claims, whether or not they exercise them depends upon their moral beliefs. And an individual convinced of the importance of the trade union community and the threat to that community posed by negative liberty claims, will be much less likely to exercise his right to invoke freedom from association. Unions might be able to meet this difficulty, however, by working towards a consensus about the importance of the trade union community and, more particularly, its political objectives. Such a strategy may be the most suitable alternative that trade unions can adopt in a liberal society.

The impact of new technologies on clerical workers has been intensely debated. This paper assesses current research on the key issues of employment, skill and quality of working life, drawing implications for Canadian clérical workers. The author argues that a reliance on deterministic research models has produced unduly pessimistic forecasts about the impact of new office technologies. Research which is sensitive to the mediated nature of automation is necessary for improving forecasts for the Canadian office. So too is the consideration of employer, union and state activity in influencing automation outcomes.

The article reviews the book " The Historical Meanings of Work," edited by Patrick Joyce.

The article reviews the book, "The Immigrant World of Ybor City: Italians and Their Latin Neighbors in Tampa, 1880-1980," by Gary R. Mormino and George E. Pozzetta.

This paper uses new data on business units to document the type and extent of human resource management policies and practices currently in place in unionized and nonunion businesses in the United States.

The article reviews the book, "The Science of Social Redemption: McGill, the Chicago School, and the Origins of Social Research in Canada," by Marlene Shore.

The purpose of this article is to highlight the disadvantaged status of visible minorities in public and private sector organizations and the need for affirmative action/employment equity programs to ameliorate their disadvantaged statut, to describe and analyze public policy on employment equity at the federal and provincial levels, to evaluate the effectiveness of the federal EE initiatives; and to provide policy implications and recommendations for strengthening public policy initiatives.

This paper deals with the workplace implications resulting from the incidence of AIDS for employers, AIDS victims, and coworkers of AIDS virus sufferers in North America. It discusses myths and misconceptions about AIDS as well as the medical facts and the legal aspects of the AIDS controversy. It examines the role of human resource management specialists in handling AIDS concerns, such as testing job applicants, terminating employees with the AIDS virus, developing educational programmes, and writing policy statements. Finally, it makes recommendations on how to effectively deal with the AIDS crisis in workplace settings.

This article reviews the book, "Making Mondragon : The Growth and Dynamics of the Worker Cooperative Complex," by William Foote White & Kathleen King Whyte.

Du milieu de 20e siècle, les gouvernements québécais et Canadian ont resserré le contrôle du travail des enfants. Cet article tente de retracer l'effet de la loi des allocations familiales de 1945, de la loi de fréquentation scolaire obligatoire de 1943 et de la loi des familiales et la main-d'œuvre en général, sur les valeurs des parents et les normes publiques. Il avance que les lois ont eu le recul du travail des enfants dans la province, mais d'une façon que l'État n'esceuptait pas. Plus que les gouvernants, à leur compte les nouveaux droits des enfants euchâssés dans ces mesures, pour permiettre à leurs fils et à leurs filles d'aller plus longtemps à l'école.

This article reviews the book, "Employment in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe," by Jan Adam.

The article reviews the book, "Proletarian Peasants: The Revolution of 1905 in Russia's Southwest," by Robert Edelman.

The article reviews the book, "Working Class Formation: Nineteenth-Century Patterns in Europe and the United States," edited by Ira Katznelson.

The article reviews the book, "The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine," by Robert Conquest.

The article reviews the book, "Leisure, Sport and Working Class Cultures," by Hart Cantelon, Robert Hollands, Alan Metcalfe, and Alan Tomlinson.

The editor notes that various aspects of women's work are explored in the special issue. Also noted is the article on historical researchers' use of Privacy Act, including issues arising from Access to Information and Privacy Acts. The editor updates on his own experiences in this regard.