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The article reviews the book, "The River Returns: An Environmental History of the Bow," by Christopher Armstrong, Matthew Evenden, and H.V. Nelles.

Historically, Canada has adopted immigration policies focused on admitting migrants who were expected to become citizens. A dramatic shift has occurred in recent years as the number of temporary labourers admitted to Canada has increased substantially. Legislated Inequality critically evaluates this radical development in Canadian immigration, arguing that it threatens to undermine Canada's success as an immigrant nation. Assessing each of the four major temporary labour migration programs in Canada, contributors from a range of disciplines - including comparative political science, philosophy, and sociology - show how temporary migrants are posed to occupy a permanent yet marginal status in society and argue that Canada's temporary labour policy must undergo fundamental changes in order to support Canada's long held immigration goals. The difficult working conditions faced by migrant workers, as well as the economic and social dangers of relying on temporary migration to relieve labour shortages, are described in detail. Legislated Inequality provides an essential critical analysis of the failings of temporary labour migration programs in Canada and proposes tangible ways to improve the lives of labourers. --Publisher's description. Contents: The “Difference” that Borders Make: “Temporary Foreign Workers” and the Social Organization of Unfreedom in Canada / Nandita Sharma -- Buy Local, Hire Global: Temporary Migration in Canadian Agriculture / Kerry Preibisch and Jenna L. Hennebry -- Mobilities and Immobilities: Globalization, Farming, and Temporary Work in the Okanagan Valley / Patricia Tomic and Ricardo Trumper -- Debates on Temporary Agricultural Worker Migration in the North American Context / Christina Gabriel and Laura Macdonald -- “The Exception that Proves the Rule”: Structural Vulnerability, Health Risks, and Consequences for Temporary Migrant Farm Workers in Canada / Jenna L. Hennebry and Janet McLaughlin -- Costly Benefits and Gendered Costs: Guatemalans’ Experiences of Canada’s “Low-Skill Pilot Project” / Christine Hughes -- Provincial/Territorial Nominee Programs: An Avenue to Permanent Residency for Low-Skilled Temporary Foreign Workers? / Delphine Nakache and Sarah D’Aoust -- Provincial Nominee Programs and Temporary Worker Programs: A Comparative Assessment of Advantages and Disadvantages in Addressing Labour Shortages / Tom Carter -- The Political Economy of Migrant Live-in Caregivers: A Case of Unfree Labour? / Abigail B. Bakan and Daiva Stasiulis -- From Temporary Worker to Resident: The LCP and Its Impact through an Intersectional Lens / Sara Torres, Denise L. Spitzer, Karen D. Hughes, Jacqueline Oxman-Martinez, and Jill Hanley -- “Good Enough to Work? Good Enough to Stay!” Organizing among Temporary Foreign Workers / Jill Hanley, Eric Shragge, Andre Rivard, and Jahhon Koo -- How Does Canada Fare? Canadian Temporary Labour Migration in Comparative Perspective / Patti Tamara Lenard.

A eulogy for the social and human rights activist Madeleine Parent is presented.

The article reviews the book, "Canadian Labour in Crisis: Reinventing the Workers' Movement," by David Camfield.

Examines how the increase in precarious employment has exacerbated health and safety hazards and injuries in Ontario work places. Concludes that the Canadian regulatory system is flawed. Based on surveys and interviews conducted in southern Ontario in 2005 and 2006.

The article reviews the book, "Precarious Liberation: Workers, the State, and Contested Social Citizenship in Postapartheid South Africa," by Franco Barchiesi.

The article reviews the book, "Poverty, Regulation and Social Justice: Readings on the Criminalization of Poverty," edited by Diane Crocker and Val Marie Johnson.

Child labour has been present in North America since the beginnings of European colonization, and regulation of their industrial employment dates at least to the early nineteenth century in Rhode Island (Abbott). Given moral injunctions to keep children from mischief and utilitarian demands for labour and family income, such regulation remained basically ineffective. With industrial expansion following the American Civil War children established themselves as a major presence in the workforce and occasionally appeared in industrial stories such as Rebecca Harding Davis’s “Life in the Iron Mills” (1861).

Using panel data from a large sample of Canadian establishments, the authors examine whether there is any link between adoption of an employee profit-sharing plan and subsequent employee earnings. Overall, growth in employee earnings during the five-year period subsequent to adoption of profit sharing was significantly higher in establishments that had adopted profit sharing, as compared with those establishments that had not done so. Employees in establishments that paid high wages before profit sharing adoption appeared to benefit more than employees in other establishments, although employees in other establishments did eventually benefit from profit sharing.

Mobile Living Across Europe II: Causes and Consequences of Job-Related Spatial Mobility in Cross-National Comparison, edited by Norbert F. Schneider and Beate Collet, is reviewed.

The article reviews the book, "Labor's Civil War in California: The NUHW Healthcare Workers' Rebellion," by Cal Winslow.

Uranium miners in Elliot Lake went on a wildcat strike in 1974 to protest their occupational health concerns on the job after a spike in cancer cases. They learned that the provincial government had known of the poor working conditions causing their illnesses, but had not informed them of the dangers or acted to improve their situation. As a result of union and political pressure, the Ontario government created the Ham Commission to investigate and make recommendations. Its hearings revealed the industry's scandalous conditions, and its report eventually resulted in the Ontario Health and Safety (OHS) Act in Ontario. It did not cover the miners until 1984, so they worked through their internal health and safety committees to gain improvements in the work environment. Others have discussed this situation in relation to the emergence of the OHS and environmental movements. This paper discusses the events in terms of the mine owners' attitudes towards their employees, the industry's relationship to governments, and the impact of the uranium mining industry (part of the nuclear industry) on the local community and environment.

Labour landmarks are memorial sites, commemorations, plaques, and burial sites that provide access to the themes and meanings of workers' past experiences. They are instrumental in enshrining workers' "public memories," which are the separate experiences of groups within society, within the larger "collective memory" of the community. A general exploration of the commemorative landscape reveals a number of themes and allows a detailed discussion of several labour landmarks. In the course of this research, 21 separate labour landmarks were identified in the communities of industrial Cape Breton. The majority of these monuments are dedicated to workers in the coal and steel industries. The 1980s saw an expansion in the frequency of labour commemorations, which indicates increased attention to the experiences of workers in Cape Breton. Two monuments in the community of New Waterford reveal the many layers of historical memory in the town. The first is dedicated to victims of the 1917 mine explosion, while the second commemorates the man killed during the 1925 strike. The explosion monument, unveiled in 1922, inserts the public memory of coal miners into the collective memory of New Waterford. The William Davis monument, dedicated in 1985, reveals an existing working-class consciousness in the town and merges individual and public memories of Davis while reflecting on a major event in the town's history. Another monument, dedicated to Sydney's steelworkers, now rests on the site of the former steel plant, and commemorates a century of experience. This memorial is used as an example of how one might "read" a labour landmark to access its themes and meanings, as well as to reach an understanding of the past experiences of workers.

Analyzes the Supreme Court's jurisprudence on freedom of association, notably B.C. Health Services (2007), in respect to Canada's constitutional relationship with international law.

In February 1913, when a teacher at Montreal's Aberdeen School made disparaging remarks about her Jewish pupils, five boys called a strike. Hundreds of Jewish children congregated in the park across from the school where they appointed strike leaders, established a negotiating committee, and resolved not to return to class until the teacher apologized. Some of them marched to the Baron de Hirsch Institute and the newspaper office of the Keneder Adler to demand that action be taken. The Aberdeen students showed maturity in their understanding of "the strike" as a strategic response to perceived injustice, their politicization with respect to relations between the Jewish and Anglo-Protestant communities, and class consciousness. The years 1912 and 1913 had been arduous for working-class Jews living along the St-Laurent Street corridor who experienced a lengthy tailors' strike followed by an economic depression. The youthful strikers were acutely aware of the difficulties of being both working class and Jewish. We argue that the collective actions of the Aberdeen School strikers reveal a close connection to the labour activism of their parents and to the downtown Jewish community. Their response to the teacher's anti-Semitic comments is an example of the historical agency of children.

During the last decade, Canada experienced unequal economic growth. As result, the Canadian government expanded its Temporary Foreign Worker Program, which led to an essential change of its purpose, making it easier for employers to recruit temporary foreign workers for low-skilled jobs. In practice, TFWs are quite vulnerable without access to the same rights and privileges as Canadian citizens or permanent residents. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze whether the Canadian government respects the rights of TFWs through its domestic regulations and if such laws protect the rights of TFWs in practice. The thesis goal is to determine if the economic interest of the Canadian government and employers can be matched with international migrant rights' standards. It investigates international standards related to the protection of human rights, including covenants, international treaties, and human rights committees. This thesis also discusses similar programs governing TFWs in America, Germany, and Australia.

The article presents research which focuses on the public works workers' strike in Québec in June 1878. It demonstrates the organization of this group of workers who fought against the repressive forces of employers and the government. It discusses Québec's industrial activities during the early 19th century which included forest product exportation and shipbuilding and the eruption of labor strikes and unrest in the U.S. and Canada during the second half of the 19th century and public works seen as secure employment during that time in Québec. It focuses on the construction of new parliamentary buildings in Québec overseen by former conservative minister and entrepreneur Simon-Xavier Cimon and the construction site workers' general strike which lasted from June 3 to June 15, 1878.

The article reviews the book, "La sueur des autres. Les fils d'Érin et le canal Beauharnois," by Roland Viau.