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This thesis examines the race and ethnic relations between migrant seasonal agricultural workers in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada, from the turn of the century to the present. This analysis includes Chinese, Doukhobor, Japanese, Indian, and French agricultural workers. The research problem is one of determining the nature of race and ethnic relations between these groups and the predominantly English host community, where it was hypothesized that racism, ethnic prejudice, and ethnic discrimination would be prevalent. Historical research was conducted using existing local literature and archival data from local museums and newspaper companies. Survey research was conducted on contemporary migrant seasonal agricultural workers and consisted of a questionnaire. The thesis begins with a description of the Okanagan Valley and a literature review of agricultural labour in Western Europe, the United States, and Canada. Segmented labour markets and, race and ethnic relations provide the theoretical framework for the study. The secondary labour market explains the concentration of racial and ethnic minorities in agriculture. A theoretical model of French-English ethnic relations explains the ethnic discrimination of French migrant seasonal agricultural workers. The historical research findings show that racism was experienced by Chinese and Japanese workers, and ethnic discrimination was experienced by Doukhobor workers. The survey research included a general documentation of demographic and social data for current migrant workers, and these data indicate they are similar to workers elsewhere. The housing and working conditions of these workers are poor. Workers are exposed to dangerous chemical pesticides. The main survey research findings centre on the ethnic discrimination experienced by French migrant workers. This discrimination occurred primarily in their leisure activities, and to a lesser extent, in the area of employment. There was no evidence of a split-labour market on the basis of wages alone. The thesis ends with a discussion on the possible legislative and social policy implications of the findings in the areas of health and safety, and racial/ethnic prejudice and discrimination. There is a discussion of discrimination and the law, educational programs, and the necessary changes in community processes and structures.
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The article reviews the book, "The New Brunswick Worker in the 20th Century: A Reader's Guide. A Selective Annotated Bibliography = Les Travailleurs en Nouveau-Brunswick au 20eme siècle : un guide au lecteur. Bibliographie choisie et annotée," compiled by David Frank, Carol Ferguson, Richard Clair, Richard McClellan, and Raymond Leger.
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The article reviews and comments on "What is Feminism?' (1986), edited by Juliet Mitchell and Ann Oakley.
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This article reviews the book, "Discrimination, Jobs, and Politics," by Paul Burstein.
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This article reviews the book, "John L. Lewis: A Biography," by Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine.
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The article reviews the book, "DP: Lithuanian Immigration to Canada after the Second World War," by Milda Danys.
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Except for the Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) which employed black cooks and waiters in its dining cars, Canadian railway companies employed blacks almost exclusively as sleeping car porters from the late 1880s until the amalgamation of the dining car and poerters' locals of the Canadian Brotherhood of Railway Transport and General Workers (CBRT) in 1964. The process of forming an ethnically submerged split labour market was completed in the 1920s when the Canadian National Railways (CNR) took over the GTR and replaced black waiters in the dining cars on fomer GTR cars with white employees. Moreover, the company and the CBRT agreed to a group classification system which restricted blacks to being porters only. The Canadian Pacific Railway's policies of importing Americna porters from the United Sates and of stifling porters' efforts to organize were instrumental in creating a double split labour market. The Canada Fair Employment Practices Act in 1953, however, gave proters the leverage they need to combat discrimination in railway employment. The data came from oral history, organizational records, government documents and other secondary sources.
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English/French abstracts of articles in the issue.
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English/French abstracts of articles in the issue.
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Changements dans les legislations du travail au Canada.
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