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This article concentrates on youngsters between the ages of seven and fourteen who worked outside of the industrial and commercial mainstream of late nineteenth-century urban Ontario, usually for no wages, but who still contributed in important ways to the day-to-day survival of their families. The latter part of the paper includes a brief examination of the special circumstances of foster children. The article will describe the various types of work children performed, evaluate the contribution youngsters made to the family or household economy, determine the extent to which economic responsibilities affected a child's opportunities for personal development and social mobility, and judge the reaction working children elicited from middle- and upper-class members of society. Such an examination illuminates the social and economic structure of urban-industrial Ontario in the late nineteenth century, and casts light into the shadowy corners of urban poverty, business practices, reform mentality, and class structure. [Eight reproductions of black-and-white photos of children working are included.] --From author's introduction
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Anthropologists have long been interested in the study of the Indians of British Columbia. Historians, however, have not until recently shared that interest. Little research has been conducted on the history of the Indians and almost all of what has been done has been confined to the early contacts between the indigenous people and the Europeans, leaving open a wide field of study. ...The Southern Interior Plateau is an area which provides significant potential for study. It had numerous economic opportunities for white settlers in farming, mining, logging and other industries, but because of its relatively small European population it was necessary for many settlers to rely on its Interior Salish Indian population for wage labour. The major road and rail projects in this area also required labour, and many Indians were able to fit into the region's economy as independent farmers and ranchers. --From introductory section
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The study focuses on affirmative action programs for women employees and seeks to measure attitudes offirms and their participation in such programs.
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This article reviews the book, "Ethics and Economics: Canada's Catholic Bishops on the Economic Crisis," by Gregory Baum and Duncan Cameron.
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Micro-data from a Canadian industrial union establishment are explored in order to ascertain the extent to which seniority rules determine job-change decisions.
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This article reviews the book, "Work Transformed: Automation and Labor in the Computer Age," by Harley Shaiken.
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The article reviews and comments on "Advocate of Compassion: Stanley Knowles in the Political Process," by Gerry Harrop, "The Government of Edward Schreyer: Democratic Socialism in Manitoba," by James A. McAllister, "Secular Socialists: The CCF/NDP in Ontario, A Biography," by J.T. Morley, and "Social Democracy in Manitoba: A History of the CCF/NDP," by Nelson Wiseman.
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This article reviews the book, "Being Had: Historians, Evidence and the Irish in North America," by Donald Harmon Akenson.
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This article reviews the book, "Canada 1922-1939: Decades of Discord," by John Herd Thompson and Allen Seager.
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Cet article se propose essentiellement d'inférer l'évolution des objectifs prioritaires du programme canadien d'assurance chômage à partir de l'analyse de la dynamique de ses modalités à travers le temps.
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This article reviews the book, "Dictionnaire canadien des relations du travail," by Gérard Dion.
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This article reviews the book, "Behind the Lines: East London Labour, 1914-1919," by Julia Bush.
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L'auteur cherche ici à répondre à la question posée par le professeur Morin dans le volume 40, no 3 de cette revue, à savoir: comment le caractère raisonnable d'une décision peut-il servir de critère déterminant pour l'exercice du contrôle judiciaire?
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Les auteurs cherchent à mettre en évidence les relations interpersonnelles qui naissent à l'occasion de l'exécution du travail et à montrer à quelles normes les parties au contrat de travail doivent se conformer dans ces relations.
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Teachers have been left out of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century labour history just as they have been ignored, as workers, in the history of education. This paper investigates themes in the history of elementary public school teachers' work in Quebec and Ontario during the period when state school systems were being put in place and public teaching forces were becoming predominantly female. During this period teachers contended with the introduction of new subjects and methods, the introduction of increasing amounts of paperwork, and a growing insistence on discipline and uniformity in increasingly hierarchical work places. In addition they had to deal with unhealthy working conditions and conflicts over who was responsible for the upkeep and physical improvement of schools. Although, by the turn of the century, increasing workloads, difficult working conditions, and low pay had pushed urban women teachers to form single-sex protective associations, most schoolmistresses failed to identify with other organized workers. Neither self-identified workers, nor the professionals they aspired to be, they began to understand one major source of their problematic status when they perceived that this derived, in large part, from their status as women.
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This article reviews the book, "The Irish in Ontario: A Study of Rural History," by Donald Harmon Akenson.
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This study aims at devising a set of scales for measuring the climate of industrial and labour relations within organizations
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This article reviews the book, "The Work Revolution: The Future of Work in the Post-Industrial Society," by Gail Garfield Schwartz and William Neikirk.
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This article reviews the book, "Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation," by David F. Noble.
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This article reviews the book, "Collective Bargaining by Objectives : A Positive Approach," by Reed C. Richardson.
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