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This article discusses the importance of job analysis tools for training in the context of participatory ergonomic processes. It explains the major principles and challenges in the design of these tools for short-cycle repetitive tasks and for long-cycle varied tasks. The intervention framework is described and the proposed tools are presented and related to the literature. The participants' difficulties with the tools developed in both contexts studied are summarized. The discussion suggests that these difficulties are partly related to the company context and raises questions about the data relevant for the evaluation of solutions in the case of non-repetitive tasks.

The article reviews the book, "Obligation and Opportunity: Single Maritime Women in Boston, 1870-1930," by Betsey Beattie.

Written in the early 1960s and published for the first time in Labour/Le Travail, this memoir is of interest to labour historians for its portrayal of a working-class immigrant's life. The article introduces the autobiography of Arthur Webb, who in 1901 at age 16 emigrated from the UK to Canada. Webb reminisces about his childhood years in Liverpool (he began working at age 10 and had little formal education), then describes the series of temp jobs he held as a farm hand and labourer after his arrival in rural New Brunswick. He was a soldier before and during the First World War (he was gassed at Ypres) and latterly became a firefighter in Saskatoon, retiring in 1943 due to medical unfitness. He was deeply affected by the death of his wife in 1954, but remained determined to carry on - a recurring theme.

"High performance" management systems in unionized workplaces have the potential to create a more microcorporatist workplaces have the potential to create a more microcorporatist industry relations system in Canada. Microcorporatist tendencies reflect more active worker cooperation in achieving management productivity, quality and flexibility goals. Analysis of development of these tendencies in the major appliance industry suggests that microcorporatism has contradictory implications. In one direction lies the displacement labor politics by a local-centered unionism that is increasingly captured by the logic of market competition. In a second direction lies a logic of greater worker resistance related to increased worker control of labor processes.

The article reviews the book, "Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West," by Susan Buck-Morss.

L’emploi traditionnel éclate de plus en plus pour donner naissance à une grande diversité d’emplois atypiques. Ce nouveau phénomène, qui est encore mal connu, pose de nombreux défis tant aux gestionnaires qu’aux travailleurs et à la société. Un des problèmes majeurs pour gérer ces enjeux est la difficulté de cerner adéquatement l’ampleur et la nature des transformations actuelles parce que les différentes formes de travail atypique n’ont pas encore été clairement définies. La contribution de cet article est de clarifier les différentes formes de travail à l’aide de deux typologies, une typologie des formes de travail et une typologie des travailleurs. L’étude révèle que plusieurs défis importants posés par cette nouvelle réalité dépendent à la fois de la forme de travail atypique concernée et des caractéristiques des travailleurs.

The article reviews the book, "'Heal Thyself': Managing Health Care Reform," by Pat Armstrong, Hugh Armstrong, Ivy Lynne Bourgeault, Jacqueline Choiniere, and Eric Mykhalouskiy.

The article reviews the book, "The Future of Social Democracy: Views of Leaders From Around the World," edited by Peter H. Russell.

At the beginning of the 20th century, charity hospital governors in Ontario began to explore the possibility of admitting paying patients to help offset the costs of providing medical charity. This transformation entailed changes in administration, as well as concerted publicity and marketing campaigns to rehabilitate the image of the hospital and to attract affluent health consumers. The subsequent construction of new hospital facilities, exclusively for the use of paying customers, was informed by an ideology that mandated the physical separation of social classes and the identification of deserving and less deserving recipients of health care services. This paper examines aspects of the design, management, marketing, and staffing of a number of southern Ontario public hospitals to illustrate how the transformation of these institutions in the years between 1900-1935 actively shaped class inequality within and outside their walls.

The paper examines South African trade unions from the late apartheid era to the present (2001). Anti-apartheid sanctions and disinvestment affected the labour movement, as did the disastrous miners' strike of 1987. Democratization in the period since has resulted in the lifting of embargoes and the phasing-out of tariffs and state subsidies for industries located near the former bantustans. There has been a growth of public sector unions and private sector unions have also reversed their decline. Generally, the unions are still a force to be reckened with, but the neoliberal turn of the ruling African National Congress, to which the unions are closely linked, poses a serious challenge.

The article reviews the book, "Endless Propaganda: The Advertising of Public Goods," by Paul Rutherford.

In the early 1990s, the northern cod populations off the coast of Newfoundland had become so depleted that the federal government placed a moratorium on commercial fishing. The impact was devastating, both for Newfoundland's economy and for local fishing communities. Today, although this natural resource exploited commercially for over 500 years appears to be returning in diminished numbers, many fisheries scientists and fishers question whether the cod will ever return to its former abundance. In A Fishery for Modern Times, Miriam Wright argues that the recent troubles in the fishery can be more fully understood by examining the rise of the industrial fishery in the mid-twentieth century. The introduction of new harvesting technologies and the emergence of 'quick freezing', in the late 1930s, eventually supplanted household production by Newfoundland's fishing families. While the new technologies increased the amount of fish caught in the northwest Atlantic, Wright argues that the state played a critical role in fostering and financing the industrial frozen fish sector. Many bureaucrats and politicians, including Newfoundland's premier, Joseph Smallwood, believed that making the Newfoundland fishery 'modern', with centralization, technology, and expertise, would transform rural society, solving deep-seated economic and social problems. A Fishery for Modern Times examines the ways in which the state, ideologies of development, and political, economic, and social factors, along with political actors and fishing company owners, contributed to the expansion of the industrial fishery from the 1930s through the 1960s. While the promised prosperity never fully materialized, the continuing reliance on approaches favouring high-tech, big capital solutions put increasing pressure on cod populations in the years that followed. As Wright concludes, 'We can no longer afford to view the fisheries resources as 'property' of the state and industry, to do with it as they choose. That path had led only to devastation of the resource, economic instability, and great social upheaval." --Publisher's description

The article reviews the book, "Ringing in the Common Love of Good: The United Farmers of Ontario, 1914-1926," by Kerry A. Badgley.

Allies across the Border: Mexico's "Authentic Labour Front" and Global Solidarity, by Dale Hathaway, is reviewed.

English/French abstracts of the article published in the Spring 2000 volume.

English/French abstracts of the fall 2000 volume.

Founded in 1914, the United Farmers of Ontario (UFO) became a significant force in the province, winning the most seats in the 1919 provincial election and forming a governing coalition with the Independent Labour Party. The UFO and its companion organizations, the United Farmers Cooperative Company (UFCC) and the United Farm Women of Ontario (UFWO), flourished, achieving much of its success by challenging those who controlled the economic, political, and social structures in Ontario and advancing an alternative vision of democracy that sought to maximize citizen participation in the decision-making process. By the mid-1920s the UFO had gone into a period of decline from which it never recovered. The promise of equality hoped for by UFWO members never materialized and the UFCC, once a key component in the development of an alternative vision, began to focus more on profits than on politics. In Ringing in the Common Love of Good Kerry Badgley explores both the rise and the fall of the UFO, focusing on the Ontario counties of Lambton, Simcoe, and Lanark. He challenges the liberal-capitalist interpretation that the movement was nothing more than a group of impatient Liberals, as well as the Marxist view that the UFO consisted of self-interested independent commodity producers. Badgley argues that as the UFO broke free from hegemonic forces it developed alternative economic, political, and social visions, but that it was these same forces, combined with internal struggles and a conservative leadership, that ultimately resulted in the decline of the movement as a vehicle for democratic change in Ontario. --Publisher's description

Cette étude vérifie dans quelle mesure la performance organisationnelle perçue peut être prédite par l'intégration des éléments de la stratégie (intégration stratégique verticale opérationnelle) dans les pratiques de gestion de la performance. Elle examine également si la cohérence des systèmes de gestion des ressources humaines avec la gestion de la performance est liée à une performance organisationnelle supérieure. Les résultats montrent que plus il y a intégration des éléments de la stratégie dans le système de gestion de la performance plus la compétitivité, le positionnement concurrentiel et la pérennité de l'organisation augmentent. D'autre part, les résultats indiquent que l'accroissement de la cohérence des systèmes de GRH avec le système de gestion de la performance est lié à une augmentation du positionnement concurrentiel de l'organisation.