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This thesis considers the connections between the increased migration of racialized women to Canada and the ascendancy of social movements in Toronto from the 1970s to the 1990s. In the mid-1970s, there was a surge of grassroots organizations founded by and for immigrant women in Toronto. They were established to address the distinct needs and experiences of immigrant women where government and preexisting, decidedly hypermasculine, ethnocultural organizations did not. This thesis argues that these organizations, and the individuals associated with them, were fundamentally political. In situating these organizations within the broader progressive political landscape of Toronto, this thesis elucidates the ways in which immigrant women’s political organizing challenged and transformed dominant social movements. In particular, immigrant women’s fraught relationship to the mainstream women’s movement in Toronto is closely examined. I argue that immigrant women organized both within and without the Toronto women’s movement. In their relationship to the women’s movement, immigrant women contested the limited perspective of white feminism by drawing closer attention to class and race. This was most evident within immigrant women’s organizing for reproductive freedom. Additionally, immigrant women organizer’s relationship to the Canadian state is analyzed as a site of struggle which dialectically constrained and sustained their activism. Because immigrant women worked in higher numbers than their Canadian counterparts and often in exploitative sectors, labour became a central issue within their activism. Through their labour organizing, immigrant women forged important alliances with the labour movement. This thesis also attends to the uneven racialization of immigrant women which informed their activism. Immigrant women’s activism offered alternative perspectives and methods of organizing which did not conform to dominant ones. By taking a relational rather than assimilationist or pluralistic approach to the relationship between immigrant women’s organizing and broader social movements, a fuller, more nuanced portrait of the intersections between immigration, gender, race, and social movements can emerge.

Do Canadian federal prison-workers have a right to unionize? This key question is investigated in a case study approach to an attempt, by prison-workers, to organize a union in a Canadian federal penitentiary in British Columbia. The authors analyze prisoner-workers penal labour citizenship position via-a-vis the State’s conceptualization of prison-workers as non-employees and difficulties in finding the appropriate Canadian jurisdiction to hear their case.

The article reviews the book, "Arc of the Journeyman: Afghan Migrants in England," by Nichola Khan.

In the last decade, considerable attention has been paid to the category of craft. Within the disciplines, particularly in sociology and art theory, scholars like Richard Sennett, Susan Luckman, and Glenn Adamson have attempted to define, theorize and delineate the history of craft and its influence in contemporary capitalist culture. Popularly, books and television shows feature the work of makers and craftspeople, their popularity compounded by online crafting communities like Etsy. For all of this attention, considerably less has been paid to the labour that creates the craft products to begin with. This dissertation interrogates the category of craft from a critical labour studies perspective, first by analyzing its labour process, and, second, by amplifying the voices of workers in these industries in order to reflect the conditions they face, their attitudes about craft, and their reflections on class and organizing. In order to accomplish both, the dissertation reports on participant interviews and critically examines cultural artifacts concerning so-called making (typically understood as amateur or semi-professional small-scale production) and craft industrialism (used to define scalable industries that use craft branding and terminology). Its key case studies are making/makerspaces and craft brewing in the Cascadia region of North America, although it also visits the roasteries, bike shops, and bakeries that make up some of the other primary sites of the artisanal economy. This dissertation makes four primary contributions to the critical study of craft. First, it reorients the common approaches to craft, which either prioritize craft objects or individual maker activity. By redirecting attention to the social process of production, it avoids the object-orientation of many approaches as well as the maker-as-virtuoso narratives of popular accounts. By focusing on the social dynamics of craft, the dissertation transcends the singular craftsperson to make its second contribution: the reconceptualization of skill as social category rather than individual attribute. This social approach to skill paves the way toward the dissertation's third contribution: a dialectical consideration of the craftworker as distinct from but intrinsically related to the craftsperson. Analysis of cultural artifacts and discussions with workers highlighted the dependency of craftsmanship and support work. Finally, the dissertation distills maker and worker attitudes into a set of observations regarding the maker movement's narratives of emancipation through self-directed work as well as the potential of solidarity in craft industries.

The world is desperate for cobalt. It fuels the digital economy and powers everything from cell phones to clean energy. But this 'demon metal,' this 'blood mineral,' has a horrific present and troubled history. Then there is the town in northern Canada, also called Cobalt. It created a model of resource extraction a hundred years ago--theft of Indigenous lands, rape of the earth, exploitation of workers, enormous wealth generation--that has made Toronto the mining capital of the world and given the mining industry a blueprint for resource extraction that has been exported everywhere. Charlie Angus unearths the history of the town and shows how it contributed to Canada's mining dominance. He connects the town to present-day Congo, with its cobalt production and misery, to horrendous mining practices in South America and demonstrates that global mining is as Canadian as hockey. -- Publisher's description

L’industrie automobile française s’est familiarisée depuis plusieurs décennies à l’usage des technologies digitales afin de réaliser ses projets de conception. Ceux-ci servent notamment à organiser l’activité collective lors d’un projet au sein d’équipes pluridisciplinaires et pluriterritoriales. En parallèle, pour innover au sein d’un marché concurrentiel mondial, ce secteur adopte des organisations de projets visant à raccourcir les délais de conception des véhicules. Cela invite à interroger l’activité de synchronisation individuelle et collective de ces acteurs de la conception à travers les usages organisationnels de ces technologies digitales. En s’appuyant sur des données issues d’une recherche en ergonomie, cet article éclaire les usages organisationnels des technologies digitales dans l’ingénierie de conception automobile, mais également la manière dont l’analyse de ces usages constitue une opportunité pour réinterroger les formes d’organisation du travail dans lesquelles des technologies digitales sont déployées.

Nous examinons le potentiel et les conditions de l’efficacité de dispositions clés de la réforme du régime québécois de prévention introduite par la Loi modernisant le régime de santé et de sécurité du travail (LMRSST) en septembre 2021. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons la typologie en deux axes proposée par Tucker (2007) afin de caractériser la citoyenneté au travail en SST, et ce, dans une version renouvelée par une perspective sensible au genre et autres sources d’inégalités. D’une part, nous traitons des changements à la participation représentative, à l’influence des travailleur.euse.s et au contrôle interne, ajoutant l’examen de la protection de toutes les personnes au travail (sans égard à leur statut d’emploi) et de la responsabilisation le long des chaînes de valeur. D’autre part, nous traitons du contrôle externe et proposons de tenir compte de la couverture des risques souvent invisibilisés du travail des femmes. Le projet de loi initial reproduisait cette sous-estimation de certains types de risques. Devant l’opposition, l’adoption de dispositions clé a été reportée et un régime intérimaire établi. La LMRSST permettra, à terme, la couverture de l’ensemble des secteurs d’activité par des mécanismes de prévention (contrôle interne) et de participation représentative des travailleur.euse.s; au prix cependant d’un risque de conformité formelle plutôt que réelle quant au contrôle interne, un niveau variable d’influence des travailleur.euse.s et de l’affaiblissement de plusieurs conditions d’efficacité des mécanismes de participation. On peut anticiper des obstacles à l’exercice de leurs droits par les travailleur.euse.s non syndiqués et des petits établissement. Le Réseau de santé publique n’a plus un accès systématique aux établissements et on ne sait rien sur les ressources dont celui-ci comme l’inspectorat disposeront. Il reste à voir dans quelle mesure les travaux réglementaires paritaires à venir apporteront des avancées en prévention et en même temps, renforceront plutôt que d’affaiblir la citoyenneté au travail.

Misclassification — when employers label their employees as "independent contractors" — is the single biggest reason precarious work is precarious. That’s been a long‑standing issue, but it's increasingly widespread with the rise of the so-called gig economy and the boom in app-based work. Misclassification drives up corporate profits by denying workers basic employment, health and safety protections. And it costs all of us, because it means there's less government revenue to support critical social services. Learn more about worker rights in the gig economy in our latest report on precarious work. --Summary at bcfed.ca/precariouswork

The article reviews the documentary, "Les Unions, qu'ossa donne?," written and directed by Hélène Choquette, in association with La bille bleue inc. production company.

The article reviews the book, "Voices of Guinness: An Oral History of the Park Royal Brewery," by Tim Strangleman.

The Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children at Western University, together with researchers at the University of Toronto and the Canadian Labour Congress launched a bilingual, national survey on workplace harassment and violence in Fall 2020. Closing in Spring 2021, thousands of workers across Canada completed the survey and a significant number volunteered to participate in in-depth interviews. The results of this research shed light on the prevalence of different forms of harassment and violence in the workplace, including how workers who are marginalized due to their social location and/or their precarious employment status are uniquely impacted. --Website description

À l'instar d'autres régions du monde, les travailleurs québécois ont évolué en contexte de relative pauvreté depuis leur arrivée en terre d'Amérique au début du 18e siècle jusqu'à la révolution tranquille de 1960. D’une certaine façon, le syndicalisme a contribué à leur enrichissement élargissant à la négociation collective. Le Québec compte des syndicats nationaux et internationaux c’est-à-dire américains qui regroupent environ 60% de l’ensemble des syndiqués québécois. Le Québec est actuellement l’État le plus syndiqué en Amérique du Nord à cause de sa grande pénétration dans le secteur public de l’économie.

Au Québec, les relations du travail dans l'industrie de la construction font l'objet, depuis 1968, d'un encadrement spécifique en marge du Code du travail. L'adoption et l'originalité de ce régime, qui prévoit un éventail de règles visant les rapports collectifs du travail, mais aussi l'emploi des travailleurs de la construction, sont souvent expliquées par les rivalités intersyndicales qui ont marqué le secteur depuis les années 1960. L'objectif du texte est de montrer que la mobilité provinciale des travailleurs de la construction constitue, au Québec, une source de conflits au travail qui, bien que pouvant mettre en présence des organisations syndicales rivales, doit néanmoins être distinguée de ces rivalités naissant du pluralisme syndical. Pour ce faire, après avoir mis en évidence certaines caractéristiques industrielles et économiques de la construction québécoise, nous proposons une analyse de l'évolution du cadre législatif et réglementaire applicable à l'emploi dans ce secteur, en portant une attention particulière aux conflits et manifestations qui l'ont marqué.

The article reviews the book, "Boom Kids: Growing Up in the Calgary Suburbs, 1950–1970," by James A. Onusko.

This report examines the impact of increasing Ontario's minimum wage to $14 per hour in 2018. Despite dire predictions that increasing minimum wage would eliminate jobs, employment actually increased in the period after the change. The study, funded by the Canadian Race Relations Foundation (CRRF), also found racialized workers, especially women, benefitted from the minmum wage increase, largely due to the gendered and racialized nature of low-wage work. Employment in almost all industries with lower-than-average wages increased.

L’ambition de ce numéro thématique est dès lors de croiser les perspectives disciplinaires pour éprouver la dualité des technologies digitales : en quoi jouent-elles comme des opportunités ou des contraintes pour le travail et l’activité professionnelle ? Plus précisément, nous proposons d’examiner dans quelle mesure et à quelles conditions ces dispositifs techniques vont être bénéfiques aux individus, en étant des sources de développement de l’activité et de renouvellement des métiers et des compétences. Il s’agit aussi d’explorer comment, a contrario, la mise en place de tels outils peut dégrader les activités, altérer les composantes du métier, fragiliser les collectifs de travail, les parcours et les connaissances professionnels, et impacter la santé des salariés. / The aim of this thematic special issue is to draw on cross disciplinary perspectives to better understand the duality of digital technologies: how do they act as opportunities and/or constraints for work and workers. More specifically, we examine to what extent and under what conditions the new technologies can be beneficial to individuals by being sources of activity development and renewal of occupations and skills. We also explore how the implementation of such tools can be detrimental to these activities, alter aspects of occupations, weaken work ties, career paths and occupational knowledge as well as impact the health of employees. --from Introduction

Migrant labour has become indispensable in North America and Europe for the functioning of the agrifood sector. However, unfair labour mobility regimes and the structures of opaque agrifood supply chains thrust migrant farmworkers into an industry rife with inequitable employment conditions, limited regulatory protection measures, and suboptimal living conditions. Over the last 30 years, several certification initiatives have been introduced to engage governments, farmers, retailers, nongovernmental organizations, and consumers in providing new avenues for improving migrant labour conditions in the sector. Certification programs have become an effective strategy to tackle issues related to labour exploitation. In some cases, these programs have led to the creation of communities and workers’ coalitions, thus facilitating spaces for conversations surrounding policy changes and temporary-program restructuring to make conditions fairer to migrant, racialized, and indigenous workers. The purpose of this paper is to review some of these good practices and to identify the necessary conditions in an effort to develop an operational framework for a Fair Farm Work certification initiative in Canada. This Fair Farm Work initiative is focused on exploring the potential of coalitions and partnerships between employers, workers, distribution chains, and policy makers to develop a certification scheme that helps improve migrant workers’ employment conditions in Canada’s agrifood sector. Our analysis shows that the success of certifications relies on the incorporation of worker-driven models and the inclusion of elements such as third-party audits, rigorous standards, clear enforcement strategies, worker education, clear food-labelling strategies, and community engagement to raise awareness and render these efforts visible to consumers. While migrant workers’ participation is pivotal in implementing certifications, retailers’ participation is a powerful incentive to garner support from other stakeholders and to harness consumer power through Corporate Social Responsibility mandates and engagement campaigns.

The article reviews the book, "Les transformations contemporaines du rapport au travail," edited by Daniel Mercure.

The article reviews and comments on several books including "Social Reproduction Theory: Remapping Class, Recentering Oppression," edited by Tithi Bhattacharya, "Social Reproduction and the City: Welfare Reform, Child Care, and Resistance in Neoliberal New York," by Simon Black, "Women and Work: Feminism, Labour and Social Reproduction," by Susan Ferguson, and "Social Reproduction Theory and the Socialist Horizon: Work, Power and Political Strategy," by Aaron Jaffe.

The article reviews the book, "Tremors of Discontent: My Life in Print 1970-1988," by Mike Richardson.