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This study sought to determine whether the St. Lawrence-Richelieu Teachers' Association (SRTA) was a union or a professional association. The question was tackled by subjecting the SRTA to various definitions of unionism and professionalism, and by examining the operational behaviour of the teacher organization in recent years. It was found that with respect to the definitions of the terms established in the thesis the SRTA cannot be called a union or a professional association per se. However, although the organization has exhibited traits of unionism and/or professionalism throughout its evolution, it is clear that the SRTA is today closer to a union than to a professional association.