Full bibliography

An examination of the recent and contemporary Québec labour union movement and its relationship with the nationalist cause might incline the observer to conclude that this powerful synthesis of what are in fact two separate sets of collective interests is a recent phenomenon sparked by Québec’s Quiet Revolution. In fact, these two aspects of collective and individual self and their expression through institutional forms have evolved together over the last two centuries. A further examination of the broader historical pattern demonstrates that aspects of shared linguistic and cultural identity have always at the very least qualified, and most often significantly muted expressions of working class interests and identity. In fact, save for a brief period from the Quiet Revolution to the first mandate of the Parti Québécois in 1976, working class collaboration with other class fractions in Québec ostensibly made in the greater interests of linguistic and cultural solidarity have generally cost the working classes a premium, while actually working to the benefit of other class partners. This historical pattern combined with the increasing influence of a neo-liberal ideological position within the Québec “state” leads to a certain conclusion: that there is an essential incompatibility between institutions calculated to represent working-class interests and movements founded upon a struggle for cultural recognition and the assertion of national interests. While the former seek the elimination or reduction of socio-economic differences, the latter seek only a cycling of dominant elites, resulting in the same dominant class relations under a different cultural elite fraction. --Author's abstract ---------------- An examination of Quebec labour unions and French Quebec's nationalist movement, which the author argues evolved together over a 200 year period. The author devotes one chapter to the "second wave of unionisation that washed over employees at Concordia University in the mid-1980s." During this period the university experienced the creation of approximately half a dozen unions over the span of a very few years in an institution that was comparatively lightly touched by the union experience previously. The author devotes another three chapters to the successive historical periods as they apply to the evolution of the labour movement in Quebec. One of these chapters deals with the first embryonic forms of working class representation couched within the context of "working men's associations," "benevolent societies" and the like, to genuine trade and labour unions after 1872 when the act of combination was decriminalised in Canada. Reference is made to English-speaking associations and societies during this early period, such as Quebec City's Ship Labourers' Benevolent Society, founded in 1857, by Irish workers. The author concludes with an examination of the cultural and linguistic divisions within Quebec's union movements. -- Summary by Brendan O'Donnell, Bibliography on English-Speaking Quebec