Les critiques de la gestion - Malo, François (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This article reviews the book, "Les critiques de la gestion," by Jean Nizet and François Pichault.

Tribute to Richard J. Long / Hommage à Richard J. Long - Mentzer, Marc; Ponak, Allen (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)

The Canadian Oral History Reader - Mercier, Laurie (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Canadian Oral History Reader," edited by Kristina R. Llewellyn, Alexander Freund, and Nolan Reilly.

Reform or Repression: Organizing America's Anti-Union Movement - Mitchell, Tom (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Reform or Repression: Organizing America's Anti-Union Movement," by Chad Pearson.

Refonder le système de protection sociale. Pour une nouvelle génération de droits sociaux - Mohamed, Yasmine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This article reviews the book, "Refonder le système de protection sociale. Pour une nouvelle génération de droits sociaux," by Bernard Gazier, Bruno Palier and Hélène Périvier.

The Italians Who Built Toronto: Italian Workers and Contractors in the City’s Housebuilding Industry, 1950-1980 - Molinaro, Dennis (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Italians Who Built Toronto: Italian Workers and Contractors in the City’s Housebuilding Industry, 1950-1980," by Stefano Agnoletto.

The Rising Tide of Color: Race, State Violence, and Radical Movements across the Pacific - Munro, John (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Rising Tide of Color: Race, State Violence, and Radical Movements across the Pacific," edited by Moon-Ho Jung.

Beyond Brutal Passions: Prostitution in Early Nineteenth-Century Montréal - Namaste, Viviane (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Beyond Brutal Passions: Prostitution in Early Nineteenth-Century Montréal," by Mary Anne Poutanen.

“These French Canadian of the Woods are Half-Wild Folk”: Wilderness, Whiteness, and Work in North America, 1840–1955 - Newton, Jason L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
Examines the exodus of Quebeckers to the US and what was written about them, ranging from literary works to racialized science.

"Not to Be Bought, Nor for Sale": The Trials of Joseph Edward Bird - Nicol, Janet Mary (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
Biographical account of lawyer Joseph Edward Bird (1868-1948) who, after his arrival in Vancouver from Ontario in 1902, became involved some of the leading labour and civil rights' cases of the day, including the Komagata Maru case (1914), where 376 Indian passengers were blocked from entry into Canada.

En déficit d'autonomie. La commission d'indemnisation des accidents du travail du Nouveau-Brunswick (1918–1932) - Ouellet, Nelson (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
Empruntant la voie tracée par l’administration quotidienne de la Commission des accidents du travail au Nouveau-Brunswick, le présent texte examine les tensions engendrées par l’introduction d’un régime d’indemnisation sans égard à la faute durant sa phase d’implantation (1918-1932). L’augmentation des accidents du travail au Nouveau-Brunswick au cours des années 1920 ayant incité les commissaires à réviser les taux d’évaluation sectorielle pour maintenir en équilibre la caisse des accidents, des employeurs qui contestaient les hausses les contraignirent à recourir aux tribunaux pour protéger le pouvoir discrétionnaire que lui conférait la loi. Dans la seconde moitié de la décennie, lorsque les employeurs et les membres élus du nouveau gouvernement conservateur se rapprochèrent sous l’effet d’une économie tournant au ralenti, la Commission entra dans une phase critique de son histoire. Les déficits budgétaires étant absorbés par un État qui la priva d’une autonomie restreignant des projets de relance, la Commission se consacra à une gestion sélective de la décroissance, laquelle accentua l’état de dépendance des travailleurs accidentés et des familles endeuillées. À l’aube de la réforme législative introduite au printemps 1932, le déficit d’autonomie de la Commission ne réussit pas à capter l’attention des contemporains préoccupés par les risques du travail et de la dépendance matérielle. Comme les protagonistes élaborant l’« infrastructure de la prévention » pour contrer les crises, notre contribution cherche à pallier une connaissance qui confère à l’indemnisation une place trop modeste comme sujet d’étude historique et comme objet de réflexion théorique sur le risque et le désastre.

The Effects of the Psychological Contract Among Professional Employees Working in Non-Professional Organizations - Paillé, Pascal; Raineri, Nicolas; Valeau, Patrick (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
Few researchers have sought to examine the consequences of psychological contract breach in the particular case of professional employees working for nonprofessional organizations. To increase our understanding, the purpose of this article was to test an original research model encompassing psychological contract breach, psychological contract violation, perceived organizational support, organizational and professional commitment, and intention to leave the organization. A study was conducted among a sample of 329 professional employees working in nonprofessional organizations. As predicted, this research shows a positive relationship between psychological contract breach and psychological contract violation, a negative relationship between breach and organizational commitment, and a negative relationship between organizational commitment and the intention to leave the organization. However, contrary to expectations, the results indicated that perceived organizational support has no moderating effect on the relationship between breach and violation. This finding does not confirm previous findings from the study by Suazo and Stone-Romero (2011). This unexpected result led to testing a different combination between perceived organizational support and PC-breach and PC-violation, which is documented in the literature on nonprofessional employees. Thus, in accordance with previous results by Suazo (2009), the data from our research indicate that the relationship between PC breach and perceived organizational support is mediated by PC violation. This alternative research model suggests testing a long mediation process by which the breach influences the intention to leave the organization via the violation, the perceived organizational support, and professional and organizational commitment. This long mediation process has been confirmed by our data. Finally, the results of this research suggest that when working in a non-professional context, professional employees tend to react to breaches of the psychological contract in a similar way to non-professional employees. // Peu de recherches ont examiné les conséquences de la brèche du contrat psychologique dans le cas particulier des employés professionnels travaillant pour des organisations non-professionnelles. Afin de combler cette lacune et dans le but de gagner en compréhension, cet article a pour objectif de tester un modèle de recherche original englobant la brèche et la violation, le soutien organisationnel perçu, les engagements organisationnel et professionnel, ainsi que l'intention de démissionner. Une recherche a été conduite auprès un échantillon de 329 employé(e)s professionnel(le)s travaillant dans des organisations non-professionnelles. Conformément aux prédictions, notre étude montre une relation positive entre la brèche et la violation, une relation négative entre la violation et l'engagement organisationnel, ainsi qu'une relation négative entre l'engagement organisationnel et l'intention de quitter l'organisation. Toutefois, contrairement aux attentes, les résultats ont indiqué que le soutien organisationnel perçu n'a pas d'effet modérateur sur la relation entre la brèche et la violation, ce qui tend à infirmer les conclusions précédentes de l'étude de Suazo et Stone-Romero (2011). Ce résultat inattendu a conduit au test d'une combinaison différente et documentée dans la littérature auprès d'employés non-professionnels. Ainsi, en conformité avec les résultats de Suazo (2009), les données indiquent que la violation a un effet médiateur sur la relation entre la brèche et le soutien organisationnel perçu. Ce modèle de recherche alternatif suggère de tester un processus de médiation long par lequel la brèche influence l'intention de quitter l'organisation via la violation, le soutien organisationnel perçu ainsi que les engagements professionnel et organisationnel. Ce long processus de médiation a été confirmé par nos données. Finalement, les résultats de cette recherche laissent penser que lorsqu'ils travaillent en contexte non-professionnel, les employés professionnels tendent à réagir aux brèches du contrat psychologique de manière semblable aux employés non-professionnels.

Trotskyists on Trial: Free Speech and Political Persecution since the Age of FDR - Palmer, Bryan D. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Trotskyists on Trial: Free Speech and Political Persecution since the Age of FDR," by Donna T. Haverty-Stacke.

L’interaction entre facteurs organisationnels et locus de contrôle dans la prédiction de l’engagement organisationnel affectif - Parent-Rocheleau, Xavier; Simard, Gilles; Bentein, Kathleen; Tremblay, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
Nombreuses sont les études ayant répertorié les facteurs susceptibles de favoriser l’engagement affectif des employés envers leur organisation. Toutefois, davantage de recherches sont requises afin de comprendre les mécanismes par lesquels ces facteurs agissent sur le niveau d’engagement organisationnel affectif (EOA), et de cerner dans quel contexte et sous quelles conditions leurs effets s’avèrent les plus puissants (Becker, Klein, et Meyer, 2009). La présente étude s’inscrit dans la lignée des études récentes qui visent à surmonter cette limite en investiguant l’interaction entre les facteurs organisationnels et les caractéristiques individuelles dans la prédiction de l’EOA, soutenant que des dispositions individuelles modulent les perceptions des expériences de travail, influençant par le fait même les réactions attitudinales et comportementales. Plusieurs études démontrent que le locus de contrôle, défini comme la tendance des individus à croire qu’ils contrôlent ou non leur environnement et le cours des évènements (Rotter, 1954), joue notamment un rôle sur la façon dont les individus perçoivent leur environnement. Appuyant son raisonnement sur la théorie de l’échange social (Blau, 1964) et sur le modèle de l’engagement au groupe (Tyler et Blader, 2003), l’objectif de cette étude est d’examiner l’effet de l’interaction entre le locus de contrôle (interne/externe) et les perceptions de justice procédurale ainsi que la fierté organisationnelle des employés sur leur niveau d’engagement affectif. Les résultats indiquent que le locus de contrôle exerce un effet modérateur entre l’EOA et les deux antécédents proposés. Ainsi, en vertu de la norme de réciprocité, la tendance des individus à croire que la fierté organisationnelle et la justice procédurale sont le produit de leurs actions les conduiraient à s’engager affectivement auprès de cette dernière. En plus de souligner le rôle important du locus de contrôle dans les réactions attitudinales aux facteurs organisationnels, les résultats démontrent la pertinence d’étudier l’effet modérateur d’autres traits individuels susceptibles de moduler l’adoption de certains comportements et attitudes, ce qui peut représenter un avantage pour les salariés et les dirigeants.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Lunch-Bucket Lives: Remaking the Workers' City - Parnaby, Andrew (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Lunch-Bucket Lives: Remaking the Workers' City," by Craig Heron.

More Menial than Housemaids?: Racialized and Gendered Labour in the Fruit and Vegetable Industry of Canada's Niagara Region, 1880–1945 - Patrias, Carmela (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
During the period of the expansion and consolidation of the fruit and vegetable industry between about 1880 and 1945, seasonal work in the fields, orchards, packing houses and canneries of the Niagara Peninsula was performed by two main groups of marginalized workers: immigrant women and adolescents of eastern and southern European origin, and indigenous families. Contemporaries believed that these groups were inherently suited for the long hours, physical demands and low wages that characterized such work that those with greater options avoided. Such racial classification restricted their access to year-round, better-paid and cleaner work. That it was largely performed by minority groups, in turn, derogated such seasonal labour. During the two world wars, a radically different group of workers entered Niagara’s agricultural workforce: middle-class, Anglo-Canadian girls and women, most often labelled farmerettes. By comparing minority workers and farmerettes in Niagara’s fruit and vegetable industry the study sheds light on a little-studied sector of Canada’s workforce. The willingness of the state and growers to improve working conditions generally deemed perfectly acceptable for “foreigners" and “Indians," for the benefit of farmerettes, illustrates the workings of a racialized hierarchy in Canada’s labour market with great clarity. At the same time, the limit on wages even for the privileged farmerettes simultaneously demonstrates the depth and endurance of gender-based inequality in the workforce.

The Origins of Right to Work: Antilabor Democracy in Nineteenth-Century Chicago - Pearson, Chad (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Origins of Right to Work: Antilabor Democracy in Nineteenth-Century Chicago," by Cedric de Leon.

Ten Pathways to Death and Disaster - Pérusse, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This article reviews the book, "Ten Pathways to Death and Disaster," by Michael Quinlan.

From New Peoples to New Nations: Aspects of Métis History and Identity from the Eighteenth to Twenty-First Centuries - Pigeon, Émilie (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "From New Peoples to New Nations: Aspects of Métis History and Identity from the Eighteenth to Twenty-First Centuries," by Gerhard J. Ens and Joe Sawchuk.

Reviving Social Democracy: The Near Death and Surprising Rise of the Federal NDP - Pilon, Dennis (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Reviving Social Democracy: The Near Death and Surprising Rise of the Federal NDP," edited by David Laycock and Lynda Erickson.

Mentir au travail - Plamondon, Frederick (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This article reviews the book, "Mentir au travail," by Duarte Rolo.

American Gandhi: A.J. Muste and the History of Radicalism in the Twentieth Century - Powell, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "American Gandhi: A.J. Muste and the History of Radicalism in the Twentieth Century," by Leilah Danielson.

Kent State: Death and Dissent in the Long Sixties - Powell, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Kent State: Death and Dissent in the Long Sixties," by Thomas M. Grace.

Trumbo - Powell, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the film, "Trumbo," directed by Jay Roach, written by John McNamara, ShivHans Pictures, Everyman Pictures, Groundswell Productions, 2015.

Workers and Dictators: Brazilian Labour History 50 Years after the Military Coup - Purdy, Sean (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the books, "Migration and the Making of Industrial São Paulo," by Paulo Fontes and "Trabalhadores e Ditaduras: Brasil, Espanha e Portugal," edited by Marcelo Badaró Mattos and Rubén Vega.

Labour Rights and Labour Politics Under the Charter - Quail, Susanna (Ottawa Law Review, 2016)
This paper analyzes the impact of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms on of the Canadian labour movement, identifying advantages and pitfalls in relying on constitutional law to advance labour rights.
Keywords: Labour Rights and Labour Politics Under the Charter; SSRN; Susanna Quail

The Modern Girl: Feminine Modernities, the Body, and Commodities in the 1920s - Rabinovitch-Fox, Einav (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Modern Girl: Feminine Modernities, the Body, and Commodities in the 1920s," by Jane Nicholas.

The Fallen Woman - Ramsay, Ellen L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Fallen Woman," by Lynda Nead.

Red Rosa: A Graphic Biography of Rosa Luxemburg - Reiter, Ester (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Red Rosa: A Graphic Biography of Rosa Luxemburg," by Kate Evans.

Insurgent Democracy: The Nonpartisan League in North American Politics - Rennie, Bradford J. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Insurgent Democracy: The Nonpartisan League in North American Politics," by Michael J. Lansing.

Words at Work: Constructing a Labour Conflict - Reshef, Yonatan; Keim, Charles (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
Summary: We use the 2011-12 conflict between the British Columbia Teachers’ Federation (BCTF) and the British Columbia (BC) government to explore how the union president, Susan Lambert, used language to bring the conflict into being and mobilize union members in opposition to the government. We use newspaper articles and archival material from mid-2011 to June 2012 to explore how Lambert identified the core issues and actors, prescribed roles, relationships and actions, and, importantly, inspired a will to act in union members and supporters.To explore how she constructed the conflict, we adopt a mobilization theory developed by scholars of social movement organizations (SMO). Snow and Benford (1988: 200-202) conceptualize three core pillars of conflict: 1- diagnostic framing identifies a problem, attributes blame or causality, and identifies the key actors; 2- prognostic framing offers a solution and identifies strategies, tactics and targets; 3- motivational framing provides a call to arms, or rationale for action while inspiring an urge to act among members and supporters. In exploring how she urged action among members, we use the four archetypal legitimation strategies identified by Van Leeuwen (2008) and Van Leeuwen and Wodak (1999): authorization, rationalization, moralization and mythopoesis.McAdam (1982: 48) argues that before collective action can begin people must come to view their situation as unjust and subject to change. We use the above framework to structure our exploration of how the union president used language to frame members’ understanding of the conflict. Through language she ushered the reality of labour conflict into being and constructed a reality in which union members could identify themselves as agents of protest and change. // Dans cet article, nous nous penchons sur le conflit de travail, survenu en 2011-2012, entre la Fédération des enseignants-es de la Colombie-Britannique et le gouvernement de cette province, afin d’examiner de quelle manière la présidente de cette fédération, Susan Lambert, a utilisé le langage pour amener ses membres à réaliser l’ampleur du conflit et les mobiliser contre le gouvernement. À cette fin, nous avons passé en revue des articles de quotidiens et des documents d’archives couvrant la période s’étendant de la mi-2011 à juin 2012, dans le but de cerner comment Mme Lambert est parvenue à identifier les enjeux et les acteurs cruciaux, attribuer les rôles, établir les relations et les actions, et, surtout, comment elle a réussi à inspirer une volonté d’agir chez les membres et leurs partisans.Pour explorer comment elle a « construit » le conflit, nous adoptons une théorie de la mobilisation développée par des universitaires qui ont étudié les mouvements sociaux organisés. Snow et Benford (1988 : 200-202) ont conceptualisé trois piliers-clés du conflit : 1-élaboration du diagnostic, soit identifier un problème, en attribuer le blâme ou la cause, et identifier les acteurs-clés; 2- élaboration du pronostique, soit offrir une solution et en identifier les stratégies, tactiques et cibles; et, enfin, 3- élaboration de la motivation, soit faire un appel aux armes ou offrir un argumentaire qui convaincra les membres et les partisans de l’urgence de passer à l’action. Pour analyser la manière dont la présidente a réussi cela, nous nous référons aux quatre stratégies de légitimation identifiées par Van Leeuwen (2008), et Van Leeuwen et Wodack (1999) : autorisation, rationalisation, moralisation et construction d’un mythe.McAdam (1982 : 48) soutient qu’avant qu’une action collective ne débute, il faut que les personnes concernées considèrent leur situation comme étant injuste et devant être changée. Nous nous servons de ce cadre d’analyse pour explorer la manière dont la présidente a utilisé le langage pour « construire » cette vision. Grâce au langage utilisé, elle est parvenue à faire ressortir les enjeux du conflit et à « construire une réalité » où les membres ont pu s’identifier comme agents de changement et acteurs de la protestation.

Taconite Dreams: The Struggle to Sustain Mining on Minnesota's Iron Range, 1915 –2000 - Rhomberg, Chris (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Taconite Dreams: The Struggle to Sustain Mining on Minnesota's Iron Range, 1915 –2000," by Jeffrey T. Manuel.

No Regrets: Counter-Culture and Anarchism in Vancouver - Rolston, Abby (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "No Regrets: Counter-Culture and Anarchism in Vancouver," by Larry Gambone.

Analyzing Digital Narratives as Global Social Work Texts: A Case Study of “The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie Social Worker” - Rose, Tara La (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
This paper considers the digital media story “The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie Social Worker” as a case study demonstrating the potential depth of meaning that may be made through the use of digital media storytelling. Here Anthony Baldry and Paul J. Thibault’s approach to multi-modal analysis is used to deconstruct meanings,14 demonstrating the ways globalization has not only made social work a transnational profession but has also made the problems facing workers in the field something that may be represented and recognized globally, potentially creating the conditions for the building of a kind of international social work solidarity. --From author's introduction

The Long Gilded Age: American Capitalism and the Lessons of a New World Order - Rosenow, Michael K. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Long Gilded Age: American Capitalism and the Lessons of a New World Order," by Leon Fink.

Place and Replace: Essays on Western Canada - Rozum, Molly P. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Place and Replace: Essays on Western Canada," edited by Adele Perry, Esylit W. Jones, and Leah Morton.

On Gender, Labor and Inequality - Sangster, Joan (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "On Gender, Labor and Inequality," by Ruth Milkman.

Analyse des composantes de la charge de travail perçue par les cadres dans un contexte de gestion des compétences - Sassi, Narjes; Ben Aissa, Hazem (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
La gestion des compétences est, de nos jours, largement utilisée dans les grandes entreprises françaises qui cherchent, par ce biais, à s'assurer une meilleure performance et un maintien de l'employabilité de ses salariés (Dietrich et al., 2010; MEDEF, 1998). En dépit de ses avantages (autonomie, requalification des salariés, progression de carrière), la gestion des compétences est aussi associée à certains risques psychosociaux (Bouteiller et Gilbert, 2005; Reynaud, 2001). En effet, ce modèle véhicule une transformation du travail — en particulier pour les cadres — puisque les pratiques inhérentes peuvent générer une charge de travail supplémentaire (rapports fréquents à effectuer, évaluations stressantes, exigences comportementales).L'objectif de cet article est donc de caractériser les composantes de la charge de travail perçue par les cadres d'entreprises qui pratiquent la gestion des compétences. Une étude qualitative exploratoire, s'appuyant sur des entretiens semi-directifs, a été menée à cet effet. Les résultats montrent que, dans des entreprises ayant adopté une gestion des compétences, la charge de travail perçue par les cadres se compose de trois paramètres « réformés » (rapport au temps de travail, rapport aux exigences du poste, rapport aux autres) et d'un nouveau paramètre (rapport aux exigences de maintien et de développement des compétences). // Title in English: Executive Managers’ Perceptions of Workload in the Context of Skills Management. Nowadays, the skills management model has become common in many organizations and seeks to develop employees' performance and preserve their employability (Dietrich et al., 2010). In spite of the advantages widely put forward in the literature (autonomy, employee requalification, career progress), the skills management model can also be associated with some psychosocial risks (Bouteiller and Gilbert, 2005; Reynaud, 2001). Indeed, this model engenders a transformation of employees' work—in particular that of executives—because tools and practices inherent in this model could generate an additional workload (frequent reporting, evaluation, repeated training, and strict behavioural requirements).The objective of this article is to characterize executive managers' perceptions of their workloads in organizations using the skills management model. To do this, we conducted exploratory and qualitative research by carrying out twenty interviews with executives. Results suggest that executives' perceptions of workload in a context of skills management consist of three modified parameters (working time, demands of the position, relationships with others) and a new emerging parameter (related to the demands of maintaining and developing skills).

The Tragedy of Social Democracy - Schmidt, Ingo (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Tragedy of Social Democracy," by Sirvan Karimi.

The Age of Acquiescence: The Life and Death of American Resistance to Organized Wealth and Power - Sears, Alan (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Age of Acquiescence: The Life and Death of American Resistance to Organized Wealth and Power," by Steve Fraser.

Bad Time Stories: Government-Union Conflicts and the Rhetoric of Legitimation Strategies - Smith, Charles W. (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Bad Time Stories: Government-Union Conflicts and the Rhetoric of Legitimation Strategies," by Yonatan Reshef and Charles Keim.

Class Lives: Stories from Across the Economic Divide - Soron, Dennis (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Class Lives: Stories from Across the Economic Divide," by Chuck Collins et al.

Collective Action and Labour Militancy Interrupted: Back-to-Work Legislation and the State of Permanent Exceptionalism at Air Canada - Stevens, Andrew; Templeton, Andrew (Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2016)
Using data collected from survey responses and interviews conducted in 2014, this study examines the consequences of back-to-work legislation from the perspective of customer service workers at Air Canada represented by Unifor Local 2002. By examining union attitudes, opinions of strikes, wildcat actions and back-to-work legislation deployed in 2011 and 2012, the study concludes that this type of legislation functioned to protect the interests of the employer in an ongoing process of corporate restructuring. Such ad hoc legislative measures, defined by political economists as ‘permanent exceptionalism’, further undermines the industrial pluralist regime that is the foundation of Canadian labour relations.
Keywords: Air Canada; back-to-work legislation; industrial pluralism; union attitudes; wildcat action

Transcending the National in Migration History in North America - Takai, Yukari (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews and comments on several books including "Beyond the Nation?: Immigrants’ Local Lives in Transnational Culture," edited by Alexander Freund, "Making the Chinese Mexican: Global Migration, Localism, and Exclusion in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands," by Grace Peña Delgado, and"Ethnic Elites and Canadian Identity: Japanese, Ukrainians, and Scots, 1919–1971," by Aya Fujiwara.

L’abbé Pierre Gravel : Syndicaliste et ultranationaliste - Théorêt, Hugues (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "L’abbé Pierre Gravel : Syndicaliste et ultranationaliste," by Alexandre Dumas.

The Pew and the Picket Line: Christianity and the American Working Class - Thiessen, Janis Lee (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "The Pew and the Picket Line: Christianity and the American Working Class, edited by Christopher D. Cantwell, Heath W. Carter, and Janine Giordano Drake.

Three Worlds of Professional and Managerial Staff in France - Thoemmes, Jens (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
SummaryChanges in the work of professional and managerial staff (PMS, cadres) in France were studied in a research project based on 100 interviews, conducted in seven private and public companies. Through a discourse and correspondence analysis—of a corpus amounting to some 600,000 words—, this study concludes that this particular French employment group can be seen neither as a homogeneous entity, nor as a totally fragmented socio-professional category. Rather, reflecting on working life experiences, it describes three groups that correspond to a horizontal division of professional and managerial staff: the serene, the individualized and the resistant.“Serene” PMS perceive their professional lives as being free of major problems. Their career trajectories go up, leading to senior positions in the organization. Training opportunities are used and personal assessment by supervisors is seen as a favourable orientation. This world is stabilized by law or by collectively negotiated agreements and characterized by autonomy and concern for the common good, which are the basis of their beliefs.“Individualized” PMS consider themselves to be responsible for their own success and to be the architects of their careers. They put in countless hours of service, arriving early in the morning and going home late in the evening. They prioritize work over family and aim to be active in highly competitive markets. The individualized have everything they need to be “happy,” except that work leaves them very little time for their private lives. In addition, these employees fear threats to job security and to their careers.“Resistant” PMS’s working time is measured in hours and minutes. Unpaid overtime is refused. This strict regulation of working time is nevertheless accompanied by a considerable workload. Deadlines are difficult to respect. Manifestations of stress and responsibilities in personnel management lead the resisting employee to a negative view of work. The importance of sociability in and outside of work compensates for the loss of the traditional prestige of these PMS.

Nine Workers Died - Tulchinsky, Gerald (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
Discusses the death of nine workers due to the flash fire at Phillips garment factory in Toronto on 20 January 1950, which resulted in a public inquiry. Concludes with six short poems in memory of the workers.

Protest and the Politics of Space and Place, 1789–1848 - Turner, Michael (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Protest and the Politics of Space and Place, 1789–1848," by Katrina Navickas.

Hobohemia and the Crucifixion Machine: Rival Images of a New World in 1930s Vancouver - Tye, Nathan (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Hobohemia and the Crucifixion Machine: Rival Images of a New World in 1930s Vancouver," by Todd McCallum.

Empty Labor. Idleness and Wokplace Resistance - Vultur, Mircea (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This article reviews the book, "Empty Labor. Idleness and Wokplace Resistance," by Roland Paulsen.

Self-Employment among Same-Sex and Opposite-Sex Couples in Canada: Sexual Orientation and Self-Employment in Canada - Waite, Sean; Denier, Nicole (Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie, 2016)
This study presents novel evidence on the relationship between sexual orientation and self‐employment. Using data from the 2001 and 2006 Census of Canada and the 2011 Canadian National Household Survey, we explore the propensity for self‐employment among same‐ and opposite‐sex couples. We examine the demographic, human capital, and family characteristics of coupled gay men and lesbians relative to their coupled heterosexual counterparts to offer potential mechanisms generating differences in rates of self‐employment. Our analysis further considers occupational variability in the likelihood of self‐employment. We find that gay men are less likely and lesbians more likely than heterosexuals to be self‐employed; however, there is significant variation across occupations. Gay men are more likely to be self‐employed in arts and culture, sales and service, and natural and applied sciences, but less likely in business, finance, and health‐related occupations. Lesbians are much more likely to be self‐employed in health‐related occupations, natural and applied sciences, and arts and culture. Marriage and having children are significant predictors of self‐employment for coupled heterosexual women but not lesbians.

The Pitfalls of Embracing Minority Unionism - Walchuk, Brad (SAGE Open, 2016)
In a series of recent cases involving the right to bargain collectively, the Supreme Court of Canada asserted that Wagner Act model, or a model of unionism which is both exclusive and majoritarian, need not be the only model available to workers in Canada (as is currently the case). Although the possible move away from Wagner Act unionism toward some form of minority unionism has received some support, this article argues that there are far too many dangers associated with minority unionism, namely, that it will be a corollary for right-to-work laws, will cause infighting between unions, and will divide and fragment workers’ sense of solidarity, and that the supposed benefits that may be attained through constitutionally protected minority unionism can, and should, be attained without it.

Supply Chain Leverage and Regulating Health and Safety Management in Shipping - Walters, David; James, Philip; Sampson, Helen; Bhattacharya, Syamantak; Xue, Conghua; Wadsworth, Emma (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
The aim of paper is to understand the role and significance of supply chain leverage in promoting health and safety management at sea, the institutional contexts in which it occurs and under which circumstances it is effective. This is a qualitative research study that examined the views of seafarers and their managers on what drives the implementation of occupational health and safety (OHS) management arrangements in two shipping sectors, namely, the independent oil and chemical tanker trade and the container trade. It is based on interviews with seafarers working on board several of these vessels and with representatives of the companies managing and operating the ships. As might be anticipated from previous theorizing of supply chain effects on OHS, the study found there to be strong evidence of its influence on OHS management arrangements on tankers. The most significant driver of this effect for both managers and seafarers appeared to be the surveillance of their OHS arrangements instituted by the heads of the supply chain—in this case the oil majors and their inspection systems. Perhaps more surprisingly, despite the more diffuse, transactional and arms-length supply arrangements in the container trade, in the one case study from this sector examined in the paper, supply chain influences on OHS were nevertheless discernable. However, it also demonstrated the positive role played by the framework for maritime regulation in determining the significance of these influences. Essentially, the results indicate that, under certain conditions, supply chain relations are useful in helping to support implementation of arrangements for OHS management on merchant vessels. However, it also more broadly demonstrates that such leverage is most likely to be effective when it operates within a wider institutional framework in which public regulation and its surveillance by regulatory authorities remains a key element.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Safeguarding Workers: A Study of Health and Safety Representatives in the Queensland Coalmining Industry, 1990-2013 - Walters, David; Johnstone, Richard; Quinlan, Michael; Wadsworth, Emma (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2016)
This paper explores the practice of worker representation coalmining in Australia, in which there are both serious risks to health and safety and where regulatory provisions on worker representation on health and safety are longstanding. Despite their longevity, their operation has been little studied. The aim of the paper is to address this gap by examining the quality of the practice of worker representation in the sector. In particular, it explores strategies used by representatives to undertake their role in the context of the hostile industrial relations that are characteristic of coalmining. It examines documentary records of statutory inspections by worker representatives and government mines inspectors and analyses the content of qualitative interviews. It finds that the representatives address serious and potentially fatal risks in their activities and make effective use of their statutory powers in doing so, including their power to suspend operations they deem to be unacceptably dangerous. Nevertheless, they strive to operate within the boundaries of regulation in order to offset the negative influences of a hostile labour relations climate, As well as cautious use of their powers to order the cessation of operations where they deem the risks to be unacceptable, they also avoid accusations of unnecessarily impeding production and engaging with labour relations matters that are outside their statutory remit, through good communication between themselves and other workplace representatives. This is made possible by support from the relatively high level of workplace trade union organization present in the mines and further support derived from the trade union more widely and from the unique two-tier form of representation provided for by legislation. Both ensure the representatives are well informed, well trained and supported in their role. Overall, the study highlights the positive role representatives and unions play in preventive health and safety even in hostile labour relations climates.

Le « moment 68 » et la réinvention de l’Acadie - Warren, Jean-Philippe (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Le « moment 68 » et la réinvention de l’Acadie," by Joel Belliveau.

Give a Man a Fish: Reflections on the New Politics of Distribution - Webb, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Give a Man a Fish: Reflections on the New Politics of Distribution," by James Ferguson.

Struggle for the Soul of the Postwar South: White Evangelical Protestants and Operation Dixie - Wilkerson, Jessica (Labour / Le Travail, 2016)
The article reviews the book, "Struggle for the Soul of the Postwar South: White Evangelical Protestants and Operation Dixie," by Elizabeth Fones-Wolf and Ken Fones-Wolf.

Hockey's Puppy Mill: A Former Junior Player Takes the CHL [Canadian Hockey League] to Court - Hune-Brown, Nicholas (The Walrus, 2015)
Profile of Sam Berg, a former junior hockey player who in October 2014 agreed to become the representative plaintiff in a class-action lawsuit against the three major junion hockey leagues: the Ontario Hockey League, the Western Hockey League, and the Quebec Major Junion Hockey League.

Statistical Profiling of the Unemployed - Grundy, John (Studies in Political Economy, 2015)
Labour market policy in Canada has undergone profound reforms over the past several decades. Successive federal and provincial governments have sought to “activate” the unemployed through measures such as Employment Insurance (EI) retrenchment and employment service models that stress individual responsibility for the problem of unemployment. This paper analyzes a little known attempt by federal officials to implement statistical profiling of the unemployed in employment service delivery during the mid-1990s. Known as the Service Outcome Measurement System (SOMS) and intended for use by frontline employment counsellors, the technology computed personal data about unemployed service users to predict the employment outcomes of different service options.
Keywords: data; employment services; neoliberalism; public administration; unemployment

Gay Pay for Straight Work: Mechanisms Generating Disadvantage - Waite, Sean; Denier, Nicole (Gender & Society, 2015)
Drawing from the gender wage gap literature, we explore four possible causes of sexual minority earnings gaps: (1) variation in human capital and labor force participation, (2) occupational and industrial sorting, (3) differences in the institutional organization of the public and private sector, and (4) different returns to marriage and parenthood. Using the 2006 Census of Canada, we find that heterosexual men earn more than gay men, followed by lesbians and heterosexual women. Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions show that industry of employment, rather than occupation, disadvantages gay men, lesbians, and heterosexual women. High levels of educational attainment lead to employment in lucrative occupations, but sexual minorities earn significantly less than heterosexual men within these occupations. Wage gaps are reduced in the public sector for heterosexual women, gay men, and lesbians. Finally, we find that heterosexual women experience a motherhood penalty, heterosexual men experience a fatherhood premium, and both receive a premium for marriage; however, the presence of children and marriage have no effect on the earnings of either gay men or lesbians in conjugal relationships.

Gendering Environmental Assessment: Women’s Participation and Employment Outcomes at Voisey’s Bay - Cox, David; Mills, Suzanne (Arctic, 2015)
This paper examines the effect of Inuit and Innu women’s participation in environmental assessment (EA) processes on EA recommendations, impact benefit agreement (IBA) negotiations, and women’s employment experiences at Voisey’s Bay Mine, Labrador. The literature on Indigenous participation in EAs has been critiqued for being overly process oriented and for neglecting to examine how power influences EA decision making. In this regard, two issues have emerged as critical to participation in EAs: how EA processes are influenced by other institutions that may help or hinder participation and whether EAs enable marginalized groups within Indigenous communities to influence development outcomes. To address these issues we examine the case of the Voisey’s Bay Nickel Mine in Labrador, in which Indigenous women’s groups made several collective submissions pertaining to employment throughout the EA process. We compare the submissions that Inuit and Innu women’s groups made to the EA panel in the late 1990s to the final EA recommendations and then compare these recommendations to employment-related provisions in the IBA. Finally we compare IBA provisions to workers’ perceptions of gender relations at the mine in 2010. Semi-structured interviews revealed that, notwithstanding the recommendations by women’s groups concerning employment throughout the EA process, women working at the site experienced gendered employment barriers similar to those experienced by women in mining elsewhere. We suggest that the ineffective translation of EA submissions into EA regulations and the IBA, coupled with persistent masculinity within the mining industry, weakened the effect of women’s requests for a comprehensive program to hire and train Indigenous women.
Keywords: Aboriginal; EA; IBA; employment; environmental assessment; impact benefit agreement; resource development; women

Regulating Hospital Social Workers and Nurses: Propping Up an Efficient Lean Health Care System - O'Neill, Laura (Studies in Political Economy, 2015)
Information technology implementation in health care settings is contributing to work intensification and overwork for social workers and nurses. But strong professional and personal values lead workers to endure these conditions and prop up an increasingly “efficient” and lean health care system. A study done in Ontario, Canada, examines these circumstances and forms the basis for this article’s contribution to the deskilling/upskilling debate in labour process theory.

Feminist Scholarship and Family Sociology: New Ways of Thinking, Outstanding Questions - Luxton, Meg (Canadian Review of Sociology, 2015)
The article discusses the research and scholarship of feminist scholars on family sociology in Canada from the 1960s through the mid 2010s, including the feminist sociology of families. The relationship between neoliberalism and gender, including the alleged indifference of neoliberal government policies to gender of income earners, is discussed. An overview of Canada's national statistics agency Statistics Canada's data on labor, including on domestic labor, gender divisions in labor, women's employment and unpaid household work, is provided.
Keywords: FAMILIES -- Canada; FEMINIST theory -- History; FEMINISTS -- History; GENDER -- Social aspects; HOUSEKEEPING -- Social aspects; LABOR -- Canada; LEARNING & scholarship -- History; NEOLIBERALISM -- Social aspects; SOCIOLOGICAL research -- Canada; SOCIOLOGY -- Canada; STATISTICS Canada; WOMEN -- California -- Employment

Abstracts / Résumés [v. 76, Fall 2015] (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
English/French abstracts of article published in the Fall 2015 volume.

Abstracts, volume 75 (Spring/Printemps 2015) (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
English/French abstracts of articles in the Spring 2015 issue.

Contributors / Collaborateurs (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
List of contributors to the Fall 2015 volume.

Index — Volume 70 — 2015 (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Capital in the Twenty-First Century - Abdou, Abdella Abdulkadir (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Capital in the Twenty-First Century," by Thomas Pikkety.

Bringing Canada's Wagner Act regime into compliance with international human rights law and the Charter. - Adams, Roy J. (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
In recognizing a constitutional right to strike in its Saskatchewan Federation of Labour decision, the Supreme Court of Canada reaffirmed that workers in Canada are entitled to freedom of association rights that are at least equivalent to those provided by international human rights instruments. This paper considers the implications of this principle for employees in the private sector, where unionization rates have been in continual decline for sev- eral decades, by focusing on the potential of "minority" unionism for realizing Canada's international law obligations. The author notes that the ILO's super- visory committees have approved three options as being consistent with ILO principles on freedom of association: minority worker associations, each of which has full rights to represent its own members; unions which, though not representing a majority of the workers in the bargaining unit, are recognized as being the "most representative," and as such have the right to conclude a col- lective agreement applicable to all the workers; and unions certified under the North American Wagner Act model, through a majoritarian procedure. Thus, while ILO member-states are permitted to adopt legislation based on majoritar- ian exclusivity, such legislation cannot have the effect of depriving non-majority unions of the right to bargain collectively on behalf of their members, in those workplaces where no exclusive agent has been certified. With a view to ensuring that labour law and practice in Canada conform to international standards, the author proposes that every Canadian jurisdiction revise its legislation to provide for certification of the "most representative" minority union in a work- place, while retaining the existing procedures for certification of an exclusive bargaining agent. Under this proposal, the most representative union (or coali- tion of unions) in a bargaining unit would have all the rights and duties of an exclusive agent, but not an exclusive right of representation. In this way, the author contends, Canada could live up to its international law commitment to "promote" collective bargaining.

Frank Underhill and the Politics of Ideas - Aivalis, Christo (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Frank Underhill and the Politics of Ideas," by Kenneth C. Dewar.

Teardown: Memoir of a Vanishing City - Akers, Joshua (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Teardown: Memoir of a Vanishing City," by Gordon Young.

Commoditized Workers: Case Study Research on Labor Law Issues Arising from a Set of on-Demand/Gig Economy Platforms - Aloisi, Antonio (Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 2015)
In the framework of the so-called “on-demand/gig economy,” the number of on-demand companies matching labor supply and demand is on the rise. These schemes may enlarge opportunities for people willing to find a job or to top up their salaries. Despite the upside of creating new “peer marketplaces,” these platforms may also be used to circumvent employment regulation, by operating informally in traditionally regulated markets. The literature showed how, by 2009, millions of worker accounts have been generated within these frameworks. Productivity may be fostered but, at the same time, a new version of Taylorism is disseminated (i.e., the fragmentation of labor into hyper-temporary jobs – called microtasks – on a virtual or local assembly line), strengthened by globalization and computerization. All these intermediaries recruit freelance or casual workers who are labelled as independent contractors even though many indicators seem to reveal a disguised employment relationship. Uncertainty and insecurity are the price for extreme flexibility. A bulk of business risk is shifted to workers, and potential costs such as benefits or unemployment insurance are avoided. Minimum wages are often far from being reached.

At War with the Machine: Canadian Workers’ Resistance to Taylorism in the Early 20th Century - Antaya, Sean (The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History, 2015)
This essay looks at the ways Frederick Winslow Taylor's distinctly modern theories of scientific management (i.e. Taylorism) transformed Canadian workplaces in the early 20thcentury. In particular, it shows how Taylorism negatively impacted Canadian workers' lives, and examines the various ways that workers consequently resisted Taylorist methods. The essay argues that though workers were unable to stop the widespread implementation of Taylorism and its normalization in Canadian workplaces, their resistance to Taylorism still played an important role in unionist and radical political movements which gradually gained important concessions and rights for Canadian workers during the first half of the 20thcentury. Additionally, the essay argues that resistance was significant as an outlet for workers to retain bodily autonomy in work environments which increasingly aimed to make workers more machine-like. Ultimately, the essay highlights important ways that the Canadian working class has exercised historical agency via solidarity and perseverance.

Darcus Howe: A Political Biography - Austin, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Darcus Howe: A Political Biography," by Robin Bunce and Paul Field.

Resisting Regulatory Rigidities: Lessons from Front-Line Care Work - Baines, Donna; Daly, Tamara (Studies in Political Economy, 2015)
In order to advance an argument addressing whether or not ethical and empowering care work is possible within the context of neoliberalism and managerialism, this article draws on international comparative, qualitative case-study data to ask whether processes and practices of radical care and emancipation already exist in nonprofit long-term care and social service work. If so, what do they look like, and what factors hinder or nurture social justice-based care practices? Given that paid and unpaid care continues to be a highly gendered and increasingly racialized realm of feminized struggle, it warrants further theorization and greater centrality within emancipatory projects and strategies.

The Economic Impact on Plan Members of the Shift from Defined Benefit to Defined Contribution in Workplace Pension Plans Workplace Pensions: Next Generation or Final Frontier - Baldwin, Bob (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
The overarching theme of this paper is whether future retirees are likely to have an adequate standard of living in retirement, and related policy issues. The author begins by outlining Canada's three-pillared retirement income sys- tem, and by identifying the similarities and differences between defined benefit (DB) pension plans and defined contribution (DC) pension plans. Given the relative imprecision of these terms, the author cautions against treating pension plan design as a binary choice between DB and DC. The dimensions of the ongoing shift from DB to DC plans are measured by reference to information from Statistics Canada. The paper goes on to consider the capacity of DB and DC plans to generate pension income, through an examination of comparative data on contributions, rates of return and expenses. The paper also asks whether participants in DB plans enjoy an advantage over participants in other types of plans, in terms of accumulation of retirement wealth. As a corollary to this question, the author reviews several studies that attempt to map the range of benefit outcomes in DC plans. In sum, the author concludes that the switch from DB to DC increases the unpredictability of retirement income, manifested as both unpredictable retirement ages and unpredictable levels of income. Recent attempts have been made to enhance the predictability of contributions and benefits by creating plan designs which incorporate elements of both DB and DC, i.e. target benefit plans. However, the author points out, of almost equal importance to the issue of plan design is the issue of identifying appropriate organizational platforms for the delivery of pension benefits.

The Shift in Workplace Pension Plans from Defined Benefit to Defined Contribution: Measuring the Impact Using LifePaths Workplace Pensions: Next Generation or Final Frontier - Baldwin, Bob; Moore, Kevin D. (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
This paper applies a statistical analysis to quantify the impact of the ongoing shift in Canadian workplaces from defined benefit pension plans to defined contribution pension plans. The basis for the analysis is Statistics Canada's LifePaths model, which aims to simulate the life experiences of "synthetic individuals" to whom are assigned characteristics which are rep- resentative of the Canadian population, as identified by census, survey and administrative data. The authors conclude that the shift from DB plans to DC plans has a significant negative impact on pre-tax registered pension plan (RPP) income. The losses are considerably smaller when the focus of analysis moves to total income and net after-tax income. However, because much of what reduces the larger gross effect of lost RPP income is lower personal income taxes, the trend from DB to DC involves a fiscal impact, by generating upward pressure on public expenditures. The authors emphasize that the results of this study reflect the attributes of DC plans as they have existed until now, and not as they might exist in a reconceptualized form.

Citizens of Asian America: Democracy and Race during the Cold War - Bangarth, Stephanie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Citizens of Asian America: Democracy and Race during the Cold War," by Cindy I-Fen Cheng.

The Prospects for Greater Enforcement of Teen Employment Laws in Alberta, Canada. “Politically, how do you make it relevant? […] Kill more young people!” - Barnetson, Bob (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
This study uses a Delphi analysis to identify significant barriers to the development of sustained and meaningful pressure on the Alberta government to increase the enforcement of its laws regulating the employment of teenagers. In addition to general employment laws (e.g., wage payment, occupational health and safety) that appear to go broadly unenforced, Alberta also appears not to enforce laws specifying the hours during which teens may work, the occupations in which they may work and the job tasks they may perform. The result is wage theft, workplace injury and illegal forms of employment among teens. The seven Delphi panelists—a mixture of academics, trade unionists and staff members in not-for-profit agencies with an interest in employment matters—identify a tight business-government relationship as an important limit on the political opportunities available to insurgents seeking change. Insurgents must also grapple with a framing that minimizes concerns around teen employment, i.e. by framing illegal or injurious work as an educational rite of passage and complaints as whining. Together, these barriers significantly limit the opportunities to pressure the state to enhance enforcement. Panelists also noted that there is no mobilizing structure in place that teenage workers and their allies can access. Alberta’s labour movement has had limited success organizing the service sector (where most teens are employed). Some panelists suggested leveraging the widespread sexual harassment of female teen workers as a way to access existing networks and resources in feminist and labour organizations. Other panelists argued that focusing on sexual harassment would emphasize individual employers’ misbehaviour and obscure the class-based nature of inadequate enforcement. Most panelists suggested that highlighting the socially inappropriate nature of the death or serious injury of teen workers would be the best way to destabilize the existing barriers to better enforcement of employment laws. The opportunity to do so is (fortunately) rare and may be difficult to leverage. Indeed, research on high profile occupational fatalities in Canada (e.g., the Westray Mine disaster) suggests that such fatalities do not have a significant effect on state enforcement efforts. In the meantime, advocates such as organized labour and community groups may also work to alter conventional views of teen employment by supporting educational or artistic endeavours that problematize teen employment. This could include identifying the risks and consequences of the non-enforcement of laws regulating the employment of teens (such as injury and wage theft) as well as highlighting the reasons why teen workers warrant the enforcement of their workplace rights by the state.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters: C.L. Dellums and the Fight for Fair Treatment and Civil Rights - Bates, Beth T. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters: C.L. Dellums and the Fight for Fair Treatment and Civil Rights," by Robert L. Allen.

Aux racines de l’action environnementale du mouvement syndical québécois, 1945-1972 - Bécot, Renaud (Bulletin d'histoire politique, 2015)
Un paysage sombre, un sol noirci par les poussières industrielles et un horizon saturé par la fumée crachée par les usines. Au centre de ce tableau, quatre salariés entendent planter un arbre et insérer une infime touche de vert au coeur de cette obscurité. Telle est l’image que découvrent les lecteurs du journal Le Travail (publication de la Confédération des syndicats nationaux, CSN), en octobre 1965. Cette illustration visait à représenter la pluralité des professions organisées dans le mouvement syndical. Elle acquiert une signification nouvelle, lorsque nous l’observons dans le contexte d’intensification de la crise écologique. Elle apparaît comme une métaphore de l’action menée par les syndicalistes, dans un Québec soumis aux retombées environnementales de l’industrialisation. --Introduction

La reconnaissance de représentativité comme source d’intégration ? L’Union syndicale Solidaires à la recherche d’un positionnement original - Béroud, Sophie; Denis, Jean-Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Constituée à la fin des années 1990, l’Union syndicale Solidaires a pris une part importante dans les mobilisations sociales. Au travers de ses syndicats SUD, elle apparaît comme l’une des composantes radicales du mouvement syndical en France, tout comme l’un des acteurs majeurs dans la contestation des effets de la crise économique et des politiques de rigueur. Cet article montre que, tout en jouant un rôle important dans la contestation sociale, l’Union syndicale Solidaires (USS) est également engagée dans un processus de reconnaissance de sa représentativité et de sa place dans le système de relations professionnelles. Pour faire vivre le syndicalisme combatif qu’elle entend défendre, l’organisation est, en effet, obligée de gagner en audience et en visibilité. Tout en contestant les règles du système de relations professionnelles, tel qu’elles bénéficiaient aux acteurs dominants au sein de ce dernier, Solidaires réclamait un changement de celles-ci. La réforme des règles de représentativité, lancée en 2008, a été de ce point de vue plutôt positive pour l’Union. Cependant, elle a engendré des dynamiques ambivalentes en son sein : elle a facilité les conditions d’implantation de ses syndicats dans le secteur privé, tout en l’obligeant à rationaliser ses structures, mais aussi ses pratiques, dans un souci d’efficacité. Une tension existe ainsi entre, d’un côté, une stratégie de développement syndical pensée d’une certaine façon « à froid », non plus dans les phases de mobilisation sociale, mais davantage en lien avec les opportunités créées par le nouveau régime de représentativité et, de l’autre, l’importance de certains référents identitaires très présents dans l’organisation (reconnaissance de l’autonomie des structures de base, refus de toute centralisation, critique des permanents syndicaux).
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Le bien-être au travail : les apports d'une étude par profils - Biétry, Franck; Creusier, Jordane (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Bien qu’étant de plus en plus étudié dans le champ des comportements organisationnels positifs, de nombreuses zones d’ombre entourent encore le bien-être au travail. Notre ambition est de montrer l’intérêt de l’appréhender de manière différenciée plutôt qu’au travers d’un score global, afin de décrire les relations qu’il entretient avec des attitudes positives et négatives. Cette approche centrée sur les personnes est rendue possible par la multi dimensionnalité du concept. Cette particularité autorise le regroupement des participants à l’enquête en profils, c’est-à-dire en fonction de la composition des scores exprimés sur chacune des dimensions constitutives du bien-être. L’analyse en profils latents — Latent Profiles Analysis — d’un échantillon de 865 personnes fait apparaître cinq regroupements distincts. Le premier est celui des personnes qui rapportent les plus faibles scores alors que le second est celui des scores voisins de la moyenne de l’échantillon sur les quatre dimensions constitutives du bien-être. Ils sont respectivement nommés profils de bien-être « déficitaire » et de bien-être « de référence ». Le troisième est un segment de population caractérisé par une relation très positive au manager et à l’environnement physique de travail. Ces deux dimensions symbolisent l’organisation, c’est pourquoi nous le nommons profil de bien-être « organisationnel ». Le quatrième est qualifié de bien-être « complet », car aucune dimension constitutive du bien-être ne manque à l’appel. Enfin, le cinquième est un bien-être « social », puisqu’il est d’abord défini par la qualité des relations aux collègues. Sur ces bases empiriques, une régression logistique multinomiale révèle que les relations les plus positives entretenues avec des variables exogènes recherchées, telles que l’implication organisationnelle affective et la satisfaction au travail, concernent d’abord le profil de bien-être au travail « complet », puis, dans l’ordre, les profils trois, cinq, deux et un. L’association à l’intention de quitter est inverse. Ces résultats invitent les managers à différencier leurs pratiques incitatives en fonction du profil auquel les salariés appartiennent. Ils montrent également que les différentes dimensions du bien-être au travail ne sont pas gouvernées par un jeu de compensations entre elles. // Title in English: Well-being at Work: Contributions of a Person-centred Study. (English). Despite growing interest in organizational behaviour and, especially, in well-being at work, this concept still lacks clarity. Our aim is to show that it is more informative to study it in a differentiated manner than through a global score, in order to describe its links with positive and negative attitudes. The multidimensionality of well-being at work makes this person-centred approach possible. Thus, people can be clustered in profiles based on the composition of the specific score they gave on each dimension of well-being at work. A latent profiles analysis conducted on a large sample of 865 people reveals five distinct profiles. The first profile includes people who reported the lowest scores of the sample, whereas the second is close to the average of the four dimensions. We named them “lack” well-being and “benchmark” well-being profiles, respectively. Very positive relations with the supervisor and material environment characterize the third profile. These dimensions symbolized the organization. We therefore called it “organizational” well-being profile. We called the fourth one “full” well-being due to the highest positive relations recorded on all dimensions. The last profile is “social” well-being because of the high quality relations with coworkers. Based on these first empirical results, a multinomial logistic regression shows that the most positive links with expected exogenous attitudes, such as affective organizational commitment and satisfaction at work, involve the “full” profile, then, in order of magnitude, the “organizational,” “social,” “benchmark” and “lack” profiles. The association with intention to quit is the reverse. These results call for managers to differentiate their encouraging practices based on the well-being at work profile to which employees belong. They also show that the dimensions of the concept are not concurrent.
Keywords: ATTITUDES toward work; Bien-être au travail; Job satisfaction; LABOR turnover; LATENT class analysis (Statistics); ORGANIZATIONAL commitment; QUALITY of work life; Work environment; bienestar en el trabajo; commitment; implicación; implication; industrial relations research; intención de dejar el empleo; intention de quitter; perfiles; profils; proiles; satisfacción; satisfaction; turnover intention; well-being at work

"They Shall Not Die!": Anarchists, Syndicalists, Communists, and the Sacco and Vanzetti Solidarity Campaign in Canada - Bjorge, Mikhail (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The campaign to free imprisoned anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti ignited mobilization the world over in the 1920s. In Canada, the solidarity movement was split into three groupings: anarchists, syndicalists, and communists. The anarchists were largely represented by a small group surrounding Emma Goldman in Toronto. Syndicalists were organized by the One Big Union and Industrial Workers of the World, largely in Winnipeg and the Lakehead respectively. The Communist Party of Canada, and its adjunct, the Canadian Labour Defence League, were active across Canada. All three groupings, depsite their ideological differences, mounted campaigns that culminated in information pickets, mass demonstrations, calls to action, and even a strike. Although ultimately unsuccessful, the examination of the Canadian Sacco and Vanzetti solidarity movement gives critical insight into the radical left in the 1920s.

New Labor in New York: Precarious Workers and the Future of the Labor Movement - Black, Simon (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "New Labor in New York: Precarious Workers and the Future of the Labor Movement," edited by Ruth Milkman and Ed Ott.

La décentralisation des négociations dans le secteur de la santé et des services sociaux québécois : qu'en disent les gestionnaires locaux ? - Bolduc, François (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Cet article s’intéresse aux négociations locales ayant eu lieu dans le réseau québécois de la santé et des services sociaux entre 2005 et 2008 suite à la mise en oeuvre de la Loi concernant les unités de négociation dans le secteur des affaires sociales et modifiant la Loi sur le régime de négociation des conventions collectives dans le secteur public et parapublic (L.R.Q., c. U-0.1), mieux connue sous le nom « Loi 30 ». Cette dernière a profondément modifié les règles du jeu quant aux rapports entre les gestionnaires et les syndicats locaux du secteur de la santé québécois, cela en imposant de nouvelles unités d’accréditations syndicales et en décentralisant une partie de la négociation des conventions collectives. Dans le cadre d’une recherche menée entre 2008 et 2011, nous avons cherché à comprendre les impacts de cette décentralisation sur le travail des gestionnaires locaux. Plus spécifiquement, nous avons voulu vérifier si, du point de vue des gestionnaires locaux, l’augmentation des marges de manoeuvre managériales qui devaient découler de cette décentralisation s’est reflétée dans les premières négociations locales. Les propos des gestionnaires rencontrés sont plutôt mitigés. En effet, il appert que l’encadrement restrictif des négociations, combiné au contexte organisationnel dans lequel celles-ci se sont réalisées, a limité, malgré les marges de manoeuvre théoriquement permises par la décentralisation, la capacité des gestionnaires locaux d’adapter l’organisation du travail aux réalités des établissements. // Decentralized Bargaining in the Quebec Health and Social Services Sector: What Do Local Managers Say? (English). This article focuses on local bargaining that took place in the Quebec health and social services network between 2005 and 2008 following implementation of the Act respecting bargaining units in the social affairs sector and amending the Act respecting the process of negotiation of the collective agreements in the public and parapublic sectors (QLR, c. U-0.1), better known as Bill 30. This legislation drastically changed the rules regarding relations between local managers and unions in the Quebec healthcare sector by imposing new union accreditation units and decentralizing part of the collective bargaining process. As part of a study conducted between 2008 and 2011, I endeavored to understand the impact of this decentralization on the work of local managers. More specifically, I sought to determine, from the point of view of local managers, whether the increased managerial flexibility that was supposed to have resulted from this decentralization was reflected in the initial local negotiations. The managers interviewed had mixed feelings. It appears that, in practice, the restrictive bargaining framework, combined with the organizational context in which bargaining took place, limited the ability of local managers to adapt work organization to their institutional realities.
Keywords: Bill 30; Canada; Collective bargaining; Executives; Industrial relations; LABOR laws & legislation; Labor Unions; Ley 30; Local negotiations; Loi 30; Managers; Medical personnel; Negociaciones locales; New Public Management; Négociations locales; Public sector; QUEBEC (Province); Quebec; Québec; Social services; directivos; gestionnaires; health and social services; industrial relations research; nouveau management public; nueva gestión pública; reform; reforma; réforme; salud y servicios sociales; santé et services sociaux; secteur public; sector público

How the Other Half Ate: A History of Working Class Meals at the Turn of the Century - Bradbury, Bettina (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "How the Other Half Ate: A History of Working Class Meals at the Turn of the Century," by Katherine Leonard Turner.

Milk Spills and One-Log Loads: Memories of a Pioneer Truck Driver - Bradley, Ben (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Milk Spills and One-Log Loads: Memories of a Pioneer Truck Driver," by Frank White.

Families Apart: Migrant Mothers and the Conflicts of Labor and Love - Brigham, Susan M. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Families Apart: Migrant Mothers and the Conflicts of Labor and Love," by Geraldine Pratt.

Time, Work and Leisure: Life Changes in England since 1700 - Bronstein, Jaimie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Time, Work and Leisure: Life Changes in England since 1700," by Hugh Cunningham.

Revisiting the Digital Assembly Line: New Perspectives on Call Centre Work - Brophy, Enda (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews and comments on the books, "Labour Markets and Identity on the Post-Industrial Assembly Line," by Anthony Lloyd, "Answer the Call: Virtual Migration in Indian Call Centres," by Aimee Carrillo Rowe, Sheena Malhotra, and Kimberlee Perèz, and "Call Centers and the Global Division of Labor: A Political Economy of Post-Industrial Employment and Union Organizing," by Andrew J.R. Stevens.

" Yours for the Revolution": Communication and Identity in the Western Clarion - Buchanan, David (ESC: English Studies in Canada, 2015)
[This article] aims to contribute to knowledge of proletarian literature in post–Confederation Canada in three related ways: by briefly outlining the early history of the Clarion; by describing the Clarion’s use of articles, extracts, leaflets, pamphlets, poems, short stories, novels, and cartoons to define and popularize the platform of the Socialist Party of Canada; and by investigating how such communicative practices shaped and were shaped by the maintenance of identity and group formation, especially as the SPC attempted to increase the Clarion’s circulation and further socialist representation across Canada.

Joining Empire: The Political Economy of the New Canadian Foreign Policy - Burgess, Bill (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Joining Empire: The Political Economy of the New Canadian Foreign Policy," by Jerome Klassen.

Epidemic Encounters: Influenza, Society, and Culture in Canada, 1918-20 - Burnett, Kristin (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Epidemic Encounters: Influenza, Society, and Culture in Canada, 1918-20," edited by Magda Fahrni and Esyllt W. Jones.

Assessing Faculty Attitudes toward Faculty Unions: A Survey of Four Primarily Undergraduate Universities - Butovsky, Jonah; Savage, Larry; Webber, Michelle (WorkingUSA, 2015)
This study examines the views of full-time unionized university faculty at four primarily undergraduate universities in Ontario, Canada, on a broad range of issues related to postsecondary education, faculty associations, and the labor movement. The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to better understand the views of unionized professors regarding the role and effectiveness of their faculty unions and of labor unions more generally, and second to explore what impact such views might have on shaping the strategic orientation and political priorities of faculty associations in a context of unprecedented austerity measures and neoliberal restructuring in Ontario's postsecondary education sector. Based on the findings of a mixed-methods survey, we found that university professors were relatively satisfied union members with a healthy degree of union—as opposed to class—consciousness, but had little appetite for engaging in political activities beyond the narrow scope of postsecondary education. This finding, we argue, reinforces the false division between the “economic” and the “political” in the realm of labor strategy, thus potentially undermining the capacity of unionized faculty associations to effectively resist neoliberal restructuring both on campus and in society more broadly.

An Introduction - Cadigan, Sean (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Introduces papers given at a Brock University panel on the television show, "Bomb Girls." The series, which was described as a "'World War II drama-cum-soap opera focusing on the Canadian homefront and the gals (and guys) working at a munitions factory,'" aired on the Global Television Network during the 2012-13 seasons.

Editor’s Note: A Welcome to Canadian Association for Work and Labour Studies (CAWLS) Members = Bienvenue aux membres de l’Association canadienne d’études du travail et du syndicalisme (Acets) - Cadigan, Sean; Kealey, Gregory S. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
CAWLS is joining the Canadian Committee on Labour History family. The journal is now co-published by CCLH and Athabasca University Press, in affiliation with CAWLS.

Another Politics: Talking across Today’s Transformative Movements - Cairns, James (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Another Politics: Talking across Today’s Transformative Movements," by Chris Dixon.

Theorizing Anti-Racism: Linkages in Marxism and Critical Race Theories - Camfield, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Theorizing Anti-Racism: Linkages in Marxism and Critical Race Theories," edited by Abigail Bakan and Enakshi Dua.

Wisdom, Justice, and Charity: Canadian Social Welfare Through the Life of Jane B. Wisdom, 1884–1975 - Campbell, Lara (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Wisdom, Justice, and Charity: Canadian Social Welfare Through the Life of Jane B. Wisdom, 1884–1975," by Suzanne Morton.

The Truck System in the Cape Breton Fishery: Philip Robin and Company in Chéticamp, 1843–1852 - Campbell, Robert (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Explores the economy of the Cape Breton fishery by examining the ledger books of Philip Robin and Company in the Acadian fishing community of Chéticamp in the mid-19th century. The research complements the work of Rosemary Ommer, who studied the Jersey firm's associated company that dominated the Bay of Chaleur region of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Concludes that the truck system used between the Acadians, who had returned to the area in the decades after their deportation by the British in 1750, and the firm was indicative of an integrated relationship. The finding contrasts sharply with the studies of Harold Innis and others, whose portrayal of the Newfoundland, Labrador and Maritime cod fishery often painted a much darker picture of exploitation and constrained local development.

L’impact de l’évaluation collective ou individuelle des performances sur les équipes de travail: le cas d’une enseigne de restauration rapide et commerciale - Castel, Davy; Triplet, Sarah; Monsellato, Pauline; Vallery, Gérard (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
L’impact du passage d’une évaluation collective à une évaluation individuelle de la performance, ou inversement, sur les équipes de travail et leur rendement est étudié en contexte réel au sein de deux équipes ayant récemment vécu le passage d’une évaluation collective à une évaluation individuelle pour l’une, et inversement pour l’autre. Si dans nos deux échantillons, l’évaluation individualisée s’accompagne d’une individualisation du rapport au travail, les effets sont plus contrastés en ce qui concerne le vécu individuel, la qualité des relations interpersonnelles et la performance. Lorsque, du fait des critères d’évaluation retenus, les contributions individuelles à la performance collective sont indétectables en l’absence d’évaluation individualisée, l’évaluation collective est associée à la suspicion et à une moindre performance en comparaison de l’évaluation individuelle. À l’inverse, lorsque selon les critères retenus pour évaluer la performance les membres de l’équipe peuvent aisément s’entraider pour améliorer la performance collective, l’évaluation collective est mieux perçue et est associée à de meilleures relations interpersonnelles et une meilleure performance que l’évaluation individuelle. Alors que l’évaluation individuelle est généralement privilégiée dans les entreprises, cette étude apporte des résultats empiriques à l’appui des recherches qui postulent que l’évaluation collective des équipes de travail est susceptible de renforcer la performance globale, en comparaison de l’évaluation individuelle de leurs membres, car elle favorise l’entraide et la régulation collective. Toutefois, ces résultats mettent en évidence que l’effet positif de l’évaluation collective en comparaison de l’évaluation individuelle n’est observé que lorsque les critères d’évaluation favorisent la régulation collective de la performance. Cette étude permet d’identifier ces deux éléments : 1- dans quel cas telle modalité d’évaluation semble préférable à telle autre; et 2- quels critères d’évaluation adopter pour favoriser les effets positifs de l’évaluation collective sur la performance engendrés par l’entraide et la régulation collective en cours d’activité.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Impact of Saskatchewan Federation of Labour on Future Constitutional Challenges to Restrictions on the Right to Strike - Cavalluzzo, Paul (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
My focus here will be on whether the decision in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour v. Saskatchewan2 will give an impetus to the success of constitutional challenges to laws governing the right to strike. While Saskatchewan Federation of Labour dealt with restrictions on that right in essential services legislation, i.e. legislation that provided for "controlled" strikes, this paper will for the most part address other forms of "strike laws." Briefly, I believe that while the Supreme Court's decision in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour is a welcome event in the evolution of labour relations in Canada, it is unlikely to revolutionize our labour relations regime. --From author's introduction

Equality Deferred: Sex Discrimination and British Columbia’s Human Rights State, 1953–1984 - Chambers, Lori (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Equality Deferred: Sex Discrimination and British Columbia’s Human Rights State, 1953–1984," by Dominique Clément.

Little “Red Scares”: Anti-Communism and Political Repression in the United States, 1921–1946 - Chamedes, Giuliana (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Little 'Red Scares': Anti-Communism and Political Repression in the United States, 1921–1946," edited by Robert Justin Goldstein.

Labour Relations Policy and Practice, and Regulation of the Right to Strike in the Broader Public Sector: The Implications of Saskatchewan Federation of Labor - Chaykowski, Richard P. (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
This paper considers some of the implications of the Supreme Court of Canada's watershed judgment in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour, which recognized a constitutional right to strike under the Charter, for labour relations policy and practice in the broader public sector. The author notes that while the right to strike has been a key element of modern industrial relations policy, restrictions on that right have been deemed to be justified in respect of "essential " public services. Despite a marked decrease in strike activity in recent decades across all sectors of the economy, the author finds that strikes remain a significant feature of industrial relations in the broader public sector, particularly in the areas of health care, education and social services, where union density continues to be at high levels. In Saskatchewan Federation of Labour, the Supreme Court, though recognizing the fundamental importance of the right to strike to collective bargaining, did not preclude the possibility of restrictions on strikes in essential services if such restrictions were reasonably justified. In particular, the Court held, legislation that prohibited or limited strikes may survive Charter scrutiny if it provides for a "meaningful" alternative dispute resolution mechanism. The key question, then, is what sort of process will satisfy the requirements set out by the Court. In suggesting an answer to this question, the author reviews the study by Adell, Grant and Ponak on strikes in essential services, which concluded that the so-called "designation" model (which seeks to maintain the delivery of essential services during a strike or lockout) had more favourable industrial relations outcomes than either the "no-strike" model or the "unfettered strike" model. Nevertheless, the author points out, the practical implementation of the designation model could become more complex as a result of the decision in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour because of the larger number of issues to be decided and because of the requirement that the mechanism used to determine outcomes regarding essential services, classifications and employees be inclusive rather than unilateral.

Workers and Labour in a Globalised Capitalism: Contemporary Themes and Theoretical Issues - Chomsky, Aviva (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Workers and Labour in a Globalised Capitalism: Contemporary Themes and Theoretical Issues," edited by Maurizio Atzeni.

"Freedom" of Information in Canada: Implications for Historical Research - Clément, Dominique (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Discusses the problems faced by historical researchers in placing freedom-of-information requests. Although FOI legislation is on the books both federally and provincially, researchers must navigate significant barriers in obtaining information from government agencies and ministries, including censorship of documents, delays in responding, costly processing fees, and institutional cultures of secrecy. The author describes his variable experiences and makes suggestions for the submission of requests. A 2012 federal court ruling on FOI [Canada (Canadian Heritage) v. Bronskill] is also discussed. The conclusions lists recommendations for legislative reform and notes that the FOI debate has impacted on archival work and researchers' relationship with archives.

Les politiques de formation professionnelle dans les services à domicile. Influence de la structure de marché et du dialogue social en France et en Belgique - Cognard, Étienne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Cet article étudie les politiques de formation professionnelle négociées par les partenaires sociaux des secteurs belge et français des services à domicile. Une attention particulière est accordée aux parcours professionnels offerts aux aides-ménagères à domicile. Ces parcours sont quasi-inexistants en Belgique, mais beaucoup mieux construits en France. Notre analyse comparative qualitative montre que deux principaux facteurs expliquent cette différence d’approche de la formation continue. Le premier est le type d’activités subsidiées par l’État dans le cadre des politiques d’emploi centrées sur le développement des services à domicile. La France se distingue de la Belgique par l’inclusion de l’aide à domicile et de la garde d’enfant. Dans la mesure où les prestataires « titres-services d’aide-ménagère » ne proposent pas ces deux types de services à domicile, ils n’ont pas intérêt à promouvoir des formations sectorielles qualifiantes. En France, les employeurs des services à la personne ont soutenu la mise en oeuvre de dispositifs sectoriels certifiant ou diplômant vers l’aide à domicile et la garde d’enfant, deux évolutions possibles pour les aides-ménagères. Le second facteur est la structure du dialogue social sectoriel. En Belgique, la concentration des aides-ménagères titres-services dans une seule commission paritaire spécifique rend plus difficile la construction de parcours professionnels par les partenaires sociaux sectoriels. En France, la concurrence économique et politique entre les trois branches des associations, entreprises et particuliers-employeurs stimulent, au contraire, la volonté des partenaires sociaux, employeurs en tête, de développer des politiques sectorielles cohérentes. L’effet pervers de cette concurrence est, toutefois, la réticence à organiser des mobilités interbranches.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Global Unions, Local Power: The New Spirit of Transnational Labor Organizing - Collombat, Thomas (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Global Unions, Local Power: The New Spirit of Transnational Labor Organizing," by Jamie K. McCallum.

Le syndicalisme portugais et l’austérité : entre la force des protestations et la fragilité des alliances - Costa, Hermes Augusto (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
L’adoption de mesures d’austérité pour surmonter la crise des dettes souveraines de ces dernières années a accentué la fragilité des syndicats en tant qu’institutions, en mettant aussi à l’épreuve leur capacité de résistance en tant que mouvements. Il n’en demeure pas moins que les syndicats ont cherché à réagir, en s’insurgeant contre les politiques d’austérité. Toutefois, le syndicalisme demeure «orgueilleusement seul», touché par des divisions internes et influencé par des tendances partisanes, semblant dès lors peu enclin à former des alliances avec d’autres groupes et mouvements. Ces derniers, pourtant, partagent souvent des préoccupations semblables à celles des syndicats (la lutte contre la précarité au travail en constituant le meilleur exemple). Dans la première partie de l’article, nous synthétisons quelques-unes des mesures d’austérité, décrivons brièvement les deux principales confédérations syndicales portugaises ainsi que certains acteurs socioprofessionnels, et analysons leurs discours face à la crise. Dans la seconde partie, nous abordons les caractéristiques et les moments principaux des réactions syndicales et de la protestation sociale plus ample face à l’austérité. Finalement, nous identifions certains défis externes et internes auxquels le syndicalisme est confronté au Portugal. D’une part, les syndicats doivent résister aux pressions externes dictées par les politiques d’austérité; d’autre part, ils doivent adopter une action proactive «à partir de l’intérieur», en s’ouvrant à de nouveaux publics (travailleurs précaires non syndiqués, fortement touchés par la crise et l’austérité) et, par conséquent, à de nouvelles formes de protestation sociale. La création d’un syndicat dans le secteur de la musique, du spectacle et de l’audiovisuel et la lutte dans un centre d’appels dans le secteur de la santé sont, à cet égard, deux défis à l’autonomie et à la rénovation des pratiques syndicales, et elles constituent, peut-être, la voie d’un «syndicalisme de travailleurs précaires», inexistant jusqu’à présent.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Ontario Boys: Masculinity and the Idea of Boyhood in Postwar Ontario - Coulter, Natalie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Ontario Boys: Masculinity and the Idea of Boyhood in Postwar Ontario," by Christopher Greig.

Les 70 ans de RI/IR = RI/IR celebrates its 70th year - D’Amours, Martine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The New Left, National Identity, and the Break-up of Britain - Davis, Madeleine (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The New Left, National Identity, and the Break-up of Britain," by Wade Matthews.

La relation entre l'intensité perçue d'utilisation de la messagerie électronique et la qualité de la relation hiérarchique - de La Rupelle, Géraldine; Guthrie, Cameron; Kalika, Michel (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Stress, conflits, surcharge, pression et contrôle, mais aussi gain de temps, motivation, accessibilité… sont autant de mots souvent prononcés à l’évocation de la messagerie électronique, tout particulièrement lorsqu’elle est associée aux relations hiérarchiques. Bien que les chercheurs et praticiens reconnaissent les effets du média sur la relation hiérarchique, la recherche académique peine à expliquer la nature de leur relation ainsi que les variables explicatives de cette même relation. Visant à répondre à ces questions, la problématique centrale de notre étude consiste à examiner la relation entre l’utilisation de la messagerie électronique et la qualité de la relation hiérarchique en mettant l’accent sur trois variables médiatrices : la reconnaissance, le contrôle et l’accessibilité. L’étude empirique a été réalisée au sein d’une banque de réseau française. Une étude qualitative exploratoire a contribué à la construction d’échelles de mesure utilisées ensuite dans un dispositif de recherche quantitatif : 478 questionnaires valides ont permis une analyse du modèle par la méthode des équations structurelles. Les résultats révèlent que l’intensité perçue d’utilisation du média est liée positivement à la qualité de la relation hiérarchique lorsque la relation est considérée isolément des variables médiatrices. En revanche, lorsque nous traitons le modèle dans son ensemble — en introduisant les variables médiatrices de reconnaissance, contrôle et accessibilité — la relation directe entre utilisation de la messagerie électronique et qualité de la relation hiérarchique n’est plus validée. La reconnaissance et le contrôle sont des mécanismes explicatifs de cette relation, tandis que l’accessibilité n’explique que partiellement la relation entre messagerie électronique et qualité de la relation hiérarchique. Outre les apports méthodologiques que procure la construction du modèle et celle des échelles de mesure, la présente recherche vise à fournir des pistes pour une amélioration des pratiques de communication électronique au sein de la dyade supérieur hiérarchique/subordonné.
Keywords: BANK employees; Communication électronique; DYADIC communication; EMAIL; Electronic communication; JOB stress; METHODOLOGY; Research; SOCIAL exchange; SUPERIOR-subordinate relationship; Telecommunication; comunicación electrónica; correo electrónico; courrier électronique; e-mail; industrial relations research; leader-member exchange theory (LMX); managerial relation; relación de gestión; relación líder-miembro (LMX); relation leader-membre (LMX en anglais); relation managériale; social exchange theory; teoría del intercambio social; théorie de l'échange social

Candidatures spontanées, réseaux et intermédiaires publics : quelle information et quels appariements sur le marché du travail français ? - de Larquier, Guillemette; Rieucau, Géraldine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
À partir des enquêtes Emploi en continu (2005-2012) de l’INSEE, cet article analyse les appariements via les trois principaux canaux sur le marché du travail français : 1-candidatures spontanées; 2- réseaux; et 3- intermédiaires publics. Il étudie le mode d’accès à l’emploi des individus recrutés chaque trimestre, en tenant compte des canaux effectivement activés par ces individus lors de leur recherche d’emploi. En prenant appui sur le cadre théorique de l’économie des conventions, cet article soutient l’hypothèse que les trois canaux mènent à des appariements différents, car ils ne véhiculent pas le même type d’information sur les candidats, le format de l’information pouvant être écrit, raconté ou standardisé. Les candidatures spontanées arrivent sans médiation, ce qui engendre une forte incertitude sur la qualité des candidats. S’ils ont déjà travaillé dans l’entreprise ou qu’ils sont déjà en emploi et non chômeurs, ils ont davantage de chances d’avoir été recrutés via ce canal, plutôt que d’une autre façon. Ce canal valorise également les personnes qui publient une annonce, faisant connaître leurs compétences par le biais de ce support. Par ailleurs, l’information qui circule de proche en proche par les réseaux de relations épouse le format du récit, plutôt que celui, écrit, du CV. Les personnes étrangères ou françaises par acquisition trouvent plus souvent par ce canal que par un autre; il en va de même des personnes dont l’entourage immédiat est en emploi. À la différence des deux autres canaux, l’institution publique conduit vers l’emploi des personnes sans lien antérieur avec l’entreprise qui les embauche et est surtout utile aux inactifs et aux chômeurs. Les personnes embauchées via ce canal ont, davantage que les autres, répondu à une annonce, ce qui illustre une certaine standardisation des candidatures réalisée par l’intermédiaire public, standardisation qui paraît peu favorable aux étrangers ou aux Français par acquisition. Lorsque le taux de chômage régional augmente, la probabilité d’avoir trouvé son emploi par candidature spontanée, après avoir démarché ainsi, augmente; en revanche, cette probabilité diminue pour les deux autres canaux.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Sustainable Varieties of Capitalism? The Greening of Steel Work in Brazil and Germany - Doering, Heike; Evans, Claire; Stroud, Dean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The aim of this article is to investigate the sustainability agenda and its implications for employment and managerial practices within different institutional contexts. The article uses the comparative capitalisms literature and, in particular, the Varieties of Capitalism framework to examine how multinational corporations (MNCs) can exploit different institutional contexts to achieve competitive advantages. We explore one multinational steel company’s i.e. SteelCo.AG varied responses to the emerging constraints of the sustainability agenda in Germany, as an example of a Coordinated Market Economy, and Brazil, as an example of a Hierarchical Market Economy. In particular, we focus on evidence concerning training, environmental practices and policies in the different company sites. We demonstrate how different institutional contexts favour different corporate strategies from an approach that exploits negative institutional complementarities, such as the “low-skill/low-cost trap,” to one that benefits from strong institutional coherence facilitating skills formation and innovation in response to environ-mental legislation. Our analysis argues for the importance of incorporating the green agenda as a marker of difference into the existing VoC framework. This allows for nuanced readings of unstable institutional complementarities in terms of operational, managerial and social innovation in different institutional contexts – with such analyses essential for understanding workers’ experiences of employment and work. Our contribution to the extant literature on the employment relationship, within the context of VoC analysis, therefore offers empirical material on understandings of employment relations within the HME category, as a new type within the VoC framework, through our discussion of a multinational’s activities in Brazil. This also allows us to focus on the way companies and other actors’ impact upon institutional frameworks and the distribution of power between different actors within particular contexts, thereby addressing recent discussions of the stability and homogeneity of institutional arrangements.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

A Law of Just Transitions?: Putting Labor Law to Work on Climate Change - Doorey, David J. (Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper, 2015)
Climate change will dramatically affect labor markets, but labor law scholars have mostly ignored it. Environmental law scholars are concerned with climate change, but they lack expertise in the complexities of regulating the labor relationship. Neither legal field is equipped to deal adequately with the challenge of governing the effects of climate change on labor markets, employers, and workers. This essay argues that a legal field organized around the concept of a ‘just transition’ to a lower carbon economy could bring together environmental law, labor law, and environment justice scholars in interesting and valuable ways. “Just transitions” is a concept originally developed by the North American labor movement, but has since been endorsed by important global institutions including the International Labour Organization and the U.N. Environmental Program. However, the prescriptions that would guide a policy of just transition have been under-explored in the legal literature. This paper marks an important early contribution to this challenge. It explores the factual and normative boundaries of a legal field called Just Transitions Law and questions whether such a field would offer any new, valuable insights into the challenge of regulating a response to climate change.

Revitalising Young Workers' Union Participation: A Comparative Analysis of Two Organisations in Quebec (canada): Revitalising Young Workers' Union Participation - Dufour-Poirier, Mélanie; Laroche, Mélanie (Industrial Relations Journal, 2015)
This paper examines how two trade union organisations in Quebec (Canada) manage to integrate issues of concern to young members (30 years old and under) and spur changes in their agenda, structures and practices. Between 2009 and 2014, 25 interviews were conducted in these two organisations, while 41 focus group discussions were held with more than 430 members. We contend that improving young members' feeling of belonging to the union, enhancing internal network density and implementing more participatory forms of democracy are key elements when it comes to increasing their participation. Our findings reveal that unions must dare to integrate young members, without seeking to mould them to fit with the values and practices they deem to be outdated. It means not only training young members to carry the necessary message to their peers but also allowing them to challenge the strategic orientations suggested therein.

Le syndicalisme en quête d’autonomie et de renouvellement en Europe: Études de cas : Grèce, Espagne, Portugal et France = Unionism in Search of Autonomy and Renewal in EuropeCase Studies: Greece, Spain, Portugal and France - Dufresne, Anne; Vandewattyne, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Future of the International Labour Organization in the Global Economy - Dumas, Patrice Martin (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Future of the International Labour Organization in the Global Economy," by Francis Maupain.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Death and Life of American Labor: Toward a New Workers' Movement - Early, Steve (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Death and Life of American Labor: Toward a New Workers' Movement," by Stanley Aronowitz.

Class vs. Special Interest: Labor, Power, and Politics in the United States and Canada in the Twentieth Century - Eidlin, Barry (Politics & Society, 2015)
Why are US labor unions so weak? Union decline has had important consequences for politics, inequality, and social policy. Common explanations cite employment shifts, public opinion, labor laws, and differences in working class culture and organization. But comparing the United States with Canada challenges those explanations. After following US unionization rates for decades, Canadian rates diverged in the 1960s, and are now nearly three times higher. This divergence was due to different processes of working class political incorporation. In the United States, labor was incorporated as an interest group into a labor regime governed by a pluralist idea. In Canada, labor was incorporated as a class representative into a labor regime governed by a class idea. This led to a relatively stronger Canadian labor regime that better held employers in check and protected workers’ collective bargaining rights. As a result, union density stabilized in Canada while plummeting in the United States.

Rebel Youth: 1960s Labour Unrest, Young Workers, and New Leftists in English Canada - Eidlin, Barry (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Rebel Youth: 1960s Labour Unrest, Young Workers, and New Leftists in English Canada," by Ian Milligan.

The Right to Strike under Charter after Saskatchewan Federation of Labour: Applying the New Standard to Existing Regulation of Strike Activity - Etherington, Brian (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
This paper offers some predictions about the impact of the Supreme Court of Canada's landmark ruling in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour on the numerous limitations on the right to strike currently in effect in every Canadian jurisdiction. In the Saskatchewan Federation of Labour case the Court - strongly affirming its earlier decision in B.C. Health, in which it held that freedom of association under section 2(d) of the Charter encompasses the right to a "meaningful process of collective bargaining," and that "substantial interference" with that right will give rise to an infringement - declared that the right to strike is an essential component of a meaningful process of collect- ive bargaining, and as such is protected under the Charter. The author (who points out that this is not his first attempt at "reading constitutional tea leaves ") expresses surprise at the breadth of the majority's interpretation of what will constitute "substantial interference," as it is likely to result in many of the exist- ing schemes for regulation of strikes in essential services being held to violate section 2(d) and therefore to require justification under section 1 as a reason- able limit. Equally surprising, in the author's view, is the Court's section 1 analysis itself which suggests that the Court is prepared to undertake a detailed, searching review of "controlled strike" and "no-strike" schemes for designation of essential services and essential employees and the adequacy of any alterna- tive dispute resolution mechanism provided under such schemes as a substitute for the right to strike. Based on the Court's reasons in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour, the author posits that numerous Charter challenges can be expected in the coming years against legislated restrictions on collective bargaining and strike activity, including the ad hoc "instant" back-to-work model to which the federal government has repeatedly resorted. Nevertheless, he cautions, given the considerable uneveness of the jurisprudential road which led from B.C. Health to Saskatchewan Federation of Labour, one should be wary of trying to predict the course of the Supreme Court's pronouncements.

Glimpsing Working-Class Childhood through the Laurier Palace Fire of 1927: The Ordinary, the Tragic, and the Historian's Gaze - Fahrni, Magda (The Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth, 2015)
On January 9, 1927, a fire tore through the Laurier Palace, a cinema located in a French-speaking, working-class neighborhood on the east side of Montreal. Seventy-eight children died. This article uses the abundant documentation generated by the fire to explore a number of themes related to working-class childhood in early-twentieth-century Montreal: children’s autonomy versus parental surveillance and authority; the place of commercial leisure and petty consumption in the lives of working-class children; and contemporary understandings of such tragic accidents as the Laurier Palace fire. The article reflects on the promise and perils of what David Lowenthal has termed the “voyeuristic empathy” promoted by historians. Are historians of youth, what one scholar calls “latter-day child savers,” more likely than others to adopt a perspective reliant upon (or vulnerable to) such empathy?

Young, Well-Educated, and Adaptable: Chilean Exiles in Ontario and Quebec, 1973–2010 - Falconer, Thirstan (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Young, Well-Educated, and Adaptable: Chilean Exiles in Ontario and Quebec, 1973–2010," by Francis Peddie and Royden Leuwen.

The Origins of Right to Work: Anti-labor Democracy in Nineteenth-Century Chicago - Fast, Scott (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Origins of Right to Work: Anti-labor Democracy in Nineteenth-Century Chicago," by Cedric de Leon.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Gender Work: Feminism after Neoliberalism - Ferguson, Susan (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Gender Work: Feminism after Neoliberalism," by Robin Truth Goodman.

Autonomie collective et droit du travail. Mélanges en l’honneur du professeur Pierre Verge - Fontaine, Laurence Léa (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Autonomie collective et droit du travail. Mélanges en l’honneur du professeur Pierre Verge," edited by Dominic Roux.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Changes in Wage Inequality in Canada: An Interprovincial Perspective - Fortin, Nicole M.; Lemieux, Thomas (Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 2015)
This paper uses the Canadian Labour Force Survey to understand why the level and dispersion of wages have evolved differently across provinces from 1997 to 2013. The faster increase in the level of wages and the decline in wage dispersion in Newfoundland, Saskatchewan and Alberta are the starkest interprovincial differences. We find that they are accounted for by the growth in the extractive resources sectors, which benefited less‐educated and younger workers the most. Increases in minimum wages since 2005 are found to be the main reason why wages at the very bottom grew more than those in the middle of the distribution.

The Construction of Migrant Work and Workers by Alberta Legislators, 2000-2011 - Foster, Jason; Barnetson, Bob (Canadian Ethnic Studies, 2015)
This paper uses narrative analysis to explore how Alberta government Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) “constructed” migrant work and migrant workers in legislature and media statements between 2000 and 2011. Government MLAs asserted that migrant work (1) was economically necessary and (2) posed no threat to Canadian workers. Government MLAs also asserted that international migrant workers (3) had questionable occupational, linguistic or cultural skills and (4) caused negative social and economic impacts in Canada. Taken individually, these narratives appear contradictory, casting migrant work as good but migrant workers as bad. Viewed together, these narratives comprise an effort to dehumanize temporary and permanent international migrant workers. This (sometimes racialized) “othering” of migrant workers justifies migrant workers’ partial citizenship and suppresses criticism of their poor treatment.

The Dynamics of Union Responses to Migrant Workers in Canada - Foster, Jason; Taylor, Alison; Khan, Candy (Work, Employment and Society, 2015)
This study examines how five unions in the Canadian province of Alberta responded to a sudden influx of temporary foreign workers (TFWs), as part of Canadian employers’ increased use of migrant workers in the mid-2000s. The authors find three types of response to the new TFW members: resistive, facilitative and active. Furthermore, these responses were dynamic and changing over time. The different responses are best explained not by the unions’ institutional context, but by internal factors shaping each union’s response. Drawing upon the concept of referential unionisms, the study explores how unions’ self-identity shapes their responses to new challenges such as the influx of migrant workers.

Joe Salsberg: A Life of Commitment - Frager, Ruth A. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Joe Salsberg: A Life of Commitment," by Gerald Tulchinsky.

Expressing Confidence in Unions in Quebec and the Other Canadian Provinces: Similarities and Contrasts in Findings - Frangi, Lorenzo; Hennebert, Marc-Antonin (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
This article examines changes in levels of confidence in unions and proposes an intra-national comparison between Quebec and the rest of Canada based on the analysis of the three most recent waves of the World Values Survey (WVS) database, of which Canada is part (i.e. 1990, 2000, 2006). After noting differences in the trends of confidence in unions in these two regions, we applied the same logistic regression model to both regions, based on the 2006 WVS wave, in order to bring out the determinants of the propensity of individuals to express confidence in unions. The results show both similarities and differences between the two regions. As for the similarities between Quebec and the rest of Canada, it should be noted that involvement in politics and the fact of being unionized had a positive effect on the respondents’ propensity to have confidence in unions whereas most of the socio-demographic variables had no significant effects. As for the differences, the fact of reporting a higher income had a significant negative impact in Quebec, but was not significant in the rest of Canada. The fact of supporting the NDP in the rest of Canada had a more structuring effect on the propensity of individuals to have confidence in unions than the fact of supporting the BQ in Quebec. Moreover, the greater the extent to which citizens in Quebec identified with left-leaning ideological positions, the more likely they were to have confidence in unions. Finally, the respondent’s level of education was not significant in the rest of Canada but, cetiris paribus, was highly significant and positively related to confidence in unions in Quebec.
Keywords: CANADIAN Labour Congress; CONFIDENCE; Canada; Canadá; Industrial relations; Labor Unions; NEW Democratic Party (Political party : Canada); Organizaciones sindicales; Public opinion; QUEBEC (Province); Quebec; Québec; Trade unions; confiance; confianza; industrial relations research; opinion publique; opinión pública; organisations syndicales

Silvertown: The Lost Story of a Strike That Shook London and Helped Launch the Labor Movement - Frank, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Silvertown: The Lost Story of a Strike That Shook London and Helped Launch the Labor Movement," by John Tully.

A New Kind of Bleak: Journeys through Urban Britain - Freeman, Alan (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "A New Kind of Bleak: Journeys through Urban Britain," by Owen Hatherley.

«Dialogue social» et variétés des capitalismes: une analyse de long terme - Gazier, Bernard; Boylaud, Olivier (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Cet article vise à tester sur longue période l’hypothèse de convergence des relations industrielles dans les pays développés. Prenant acte de la persistance du débat sur ce point, notamment du fait de la crise actuelle, mais aussi de la diversité des conceptions sous-jacentes, il propose de partir d’un objet de comparaison non prédéterminé par une orientation préalable : le « dialogue social ». Ce concept, utilisé notamment dans le cadre du Bureau international du Travail (BIT), reste toutefois assez flou et appelle une réélaboration. Nous ajoutons aux pratiques d’information, concertation et de négociations collectives, des pratiques moins souvent prises en compte : les pratiques du paritarisme de gestion, de la codétermination, ainsi que l’intervention de l’État, cette dernière pouvant renforcer ou, au contraire, contraindre le dialogue social. Se limitant, pour la partie empirique, à l’ensemble formé par les négociations collectives, les pratiques de codétermination et l’intervention de l’État, l’article examine l’évolution de 19 pays de l’OCDE pour six indicateurs de 1985 à 2011. Le choix est fait de ne pas pondérer a priori l’importance de chaque indicateur, et de procéder à une analyse de données en composantes principales suivie d’une classification par nuées dynamiques. Il en résulte cinq groupes de pays, groupes dotés d’une assez forte stabilité, dont on étudie les transformations au cours du temps. Enfin, les groupes de pays sont examinés sous l’angle des performances économiques et sociales, en retenant la croissance du PIB et l’évolution du taux de chômage. On retrouve alors, sur une base non contrainte par une orientation a priori, les groupes classiquement distingués par les analyses comparatives : les groupes « anglo-saxons », « continentaux », « nordiques » et « méditerranéens », ainsi qu’un dernier groupe composé de la Suisse et du Japon. L’article conclut à la persistance de la diversité au regard du « dialogue social », y compris pour la période récente marquée par la crise.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Le temps de travail et travail du temps - Genin, Émilie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Le temps de travail et travail du temps," edited by Sylvie Monchatre et Bernard Woehl.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Two Decades after Schmidt: Where Has Pension Law Been and Where Is It Going Workplace Pensions: Next Generation or Final Frontier - Gillese, Eileen E. (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
This paper takes a concise look at what the future might hold for pension law in Canada, by considering how it has developed in the past and where it stands today. Beginning with an overview of the Supreme Court of Canada's foundational decision in the Schmidt case, the author traces the evolution of what she sees as two distinct approaches to the resolution of pension disputes: the "classical" approach, and the "integrated" approach. The classical approach is both hierarchical and binary, in that if the governing pension legislation applies, its provisions prevail over the common law, while if the legislation does not apply, the court, in deciding the case, must choose whether to apply trust law principles or contract law principles. Under the integrated approach, by contrast, the court does not begin from the premise that a certain, unitary set of principles should be applied to decide the matter. Rather, it recognizes that pension disputes often involve the intersection of pension legislation, trust law and contract law, and that their resolution may properly be informed by a consideration of other areas of law as well as the underlying policy concerns. The author notes that the classical approach and the integrated approach both have advantages and disadvantages, and that both have a basis in the Supreme Court's jurisprudence. The paper concludes by setting out the types of novel pension issues which may come before the courts in the coming decade, and illustrates how the determination of those issues may depend on which of the two rival approaches is adopted.

Négocier sous contrainte : les modalités d’appropriation du rôle de « partenaire social » par les représentants de la CGT - Giraud, Baptiste (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Cet article étudie les stratégies de négociation et de mobilisation des dirigeants confédéraux de la CGT à l’occasion de réformes gouvernementales de la protection sociale qui préfiguraient celles qui ont été engagées depuis 2008 en réponse à la “crise” économique. L’analyse de l’autonomie des syndicats dans la négociation de ces réformes doit être réinscrite dans un examen au plus long cours des transformations des formes et des conditions de possibilité de la lutte syndicale. L’étude des pratiques de ces dirigeants syndicaux permet, en particulier, de s’interroger sur les ressorts de leur enrôlement dans ces processus de négociation, ainsi que sur les effets et les dilemmes qu’implique cette action institutionnelle sur leur manière de contester les projets gouvernementaux. Leur engagement dans ces procédures de concertation n’a rien de mécanique ni de consensuel. Il est, d’abord, le fruit de leur affaiblissement politique et militant. Cette situation modifie leur perception des profits qu’ils peuvent retirer à réinvestir les manières d’être et les outils légitimes dans l’espace de la négociation. Elle les porte notamment à valoriser la production de contre-expertise et de contre-propositions pour justifier leur opposition aux projets gouvernementaux. L’investissement de ces modes d’action institutionnels n’exclut pas le recours à l’arme de l’action collective, mais il contribue à en modifier les usages. D’une part, ces dirigeants syndicaux s’imposent des limites dans leurs stratégies de mobilisation des salariés pour asseoir leur légitimité dans la négociation. D’autre part, ils doivent composer avec de multiples contraintes organisationnelles qui entravent leur capacité à mobiliser leurs adhérents au cours de ces négociations interprofessionnelles. Contre la tendance à opposer l’institutionnalisation des syndicats à leur capacité à entrer en conflit, l’étude des pratiques des dirigeants de la CGT met donc davantage en évidence les contraintes institutionnelles, politiques et organisationnelles qui influencent la manière dont s’articulent et se reconfigurent les usages syndicaux des outils de la négociation et de l’action collective.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Varieties of Capitalism Revisited: Current Debates and Possible Directions = Les Variétés du Capitalisme revisitées: débats actuels et avenues possibles - Gould, Anthony M.; Barry, Michael; Wilkinson, Adrian (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Crossing Borders: National and Theoretical - Goutor, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews and comments on several books including "Racism, Class and the Racialized Outsider," by Satnam Virdee, "How Race is Made in America: Immigration, Citizenship, and the Historical Power of Racial Scripts," by Natalia Molina, and "Culling the Masses: The Democratic Origins of Racist Immigration Policy," by David FitzGerald and David Cook-Martin.

Bad Time Stories. Government-Union Conflicts and the Rhetoric of Legitimation Strategies - Grenier, Jean-Noël (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Bad Time Stories. Government-Union Conflicts and the Rhetoric of Legitimation Strategies," by Yonathan Reshef and Charles Kleim.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Sociologie des outils de gestion : introduction à l’analyse de l’instrumentation de gestion, Par Chiapello, Eve et Patrick Gilbert. Paris : Éditions La Découverte, 2013, 294 pages. ISBN 978-2-7071-5145-2 - Hallée, Yves (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Sociologie des outils de gestion : introduction à l’analyse de l’instrumentation de gestion," by Eve Chiapello and Patrick Gilbert.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

After the Rebellion: Black Youth, Social Movement Activism, and the Post-Civil Rights Generation - Hamlin, Françoise N. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "After the Rebellion: Black Youth, Social Movement Activism, and the Post-Civil Rights Generation," by Sekou M. Franklin.

Last Night Shift in Savar: The Story of the Spectrum Sweater Factory Collapse - Hanlon, Mary (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Last Night Shift in Savar: The Story of the Spectrum Sweater Factory Collapse," by Doug Miller.

Indigenous Encounters with Neoliberalism: Place, Women, and the Environment in Canada and Mexico - Harms, Patricia (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Indigenous Encounters with Neoliberalism: Place, Women, and the Environment in Canada and Mexico," by Isabel Altamirano-Jiménez.

Loyalty and Liberty: American Countersubversion from World War I to the McCarthy Era - Haverty-Stacke, Donna T. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Loyalty and Liberty: American Countersubversion from World War I to the McCarthy Era," by Alex Goodall.

Fires on the Border: The Passionate Politics of Labor Organizing on the Mexican Frontera - Healy, Teresa (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Fires on the Border: The Passionate Politics of Labor Organizing on the Mexican Frontera," by Rosemary Hennessey.

Sakatchewan Federation of Labor and Strikes in the Public Sector: Confusing Social Rights with Fundamental Ones - Heeman, Roy L. (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
It appears to me that there is an obligation on any court studying the constitutionality of a provision of law, first, to give a detailed examination of the specific provision of law it is studying, as well as the whole context of the right, before pronouncing on its consti- tutionality. It is the failure of the Supreme Court of Canada majority in Saskatchewan Federation of Labour1 to do so that has given rise to much commentary, with one prominent newspaper questioning the "shoddy reasoning," the "curiously selective research" and the "slapdash approach to precedent."'2 Indeed, it is this failure that gives rise to the question of what the decision actually decides.' The majority judgment can best be understood in light of its misplaced emulation of European law, which is quite different from ours, and its frequent references to the Committee on Freedom of Association of the ILO. Although the Committee is not a judicial body, the majority judgment elevates it to one, though making the interesting proviso that the Committee's decisions are "not strictly binding."'4 The problems with showing such deference to the Committee on Freedom of Association are well known, and I will touch on them only briefly. One has only to read the papers by Brian Langille as well as Sonia Regenbogen, both of whom have gone to great lengths to study the committees of the ILO, to be disabused of the notion that these "committees" are judicial bodies or that their decisions are in any way binding on our courts.5 Indeed, in the Fraser case, I was amazed when, approximately two months after the matter was en delibdri, the Supreme Court received a missive from one of the ILO committees telling the Court its views on how the decision should be rendered.6 I strenuously objected to this document on two grounds: (1) how did the ILO committee know, in a secret delibdri, that one side needed its help? and, (2) by what right was a non-party to the Supreme Court proceedings lobbying the Court after the hear- ing, an action which the Court would properly have forbidden a party from taking? What may be less well known and understood are the basic dif- ferences between European labour law and our own.' The European law is based on a system of "voluntarism," whereby employees are free to join or not to join a union. An article quoted by the Court in B.C. Health makes this clear (though the Court's reliance on the article is unfortunate, given that the article's authors are referring to Convention 98 of the ILO, which Canada has not even ratified):' In view of the fact that the voluntary nature of collective bargaining is a funda- mental aspect of the principles of freedom of association, collective bargaining

America's Assembly Line - Heron, Craig (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "America's Assembly Line," by David E. Nye.

“They Were Making Good Money, Just Ten Minutes from Home”: Proximity and Distance in the Plant Shutdown Stories of Northern Ontario Mill Workers - High, Steven C. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Working at the mill had been a family affair for generations of Sturgeon Falls’ mill workers, as young men followed their fathers, uncles, older brothers, and occasionally mothers, into the Northern Ontario mill – the town’s largest employer for more than a century. The mill’s workforce was overwhelmingly white and male, with a historic linguistic divide between largely English-speaking managers and mainly French-speaking production workers. This linguistic division of labour and the near total exclusion of Aboriginal people were remnants of industrial colonialism in the region. Within a year of the mill’s December 2002 closure, I began interviewing the former employees about their experiences and these interviews continued for the next two years. During that time, efforts to reopen the mill fizzled out and it was demolished by the departing company. Work-life oral histories offer us a way into the shifting sands of culture and economy in this former mill town. This article explores the shifting sense of temporal and spatial proximity or distance in the plant shutdown stories told by 37 former mill workers. Several dimensions of proximity are explored such as the temporal proximity of the interview to the events being recounted, the perceived social proximity that prevailed before the mill closing, the remembered physical proximity of the mill in the narrated lives of residents, and, now, after the mill’s closure, the spectre of forced relocation or distant daily commutes to new jobs in other towns and cities. For long-service workers, employment mobility or permanent relocation was understood to be a last resort. These interviews make clear that forced employment mobility was a core concern to everyone we interviewed, not just those who actually relocated or commuted to jobs found elsewhere.

Steel Barrio: The Great Mexican Migration to South Chicago, 1915–1940 - Hinojosa, Felipe (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Steel Barrio: The Great Mexican Migration to South Chicago, 1915–1940," by Michael Innis-Jiménez.

Minneapolis Madams: The Lost History of Prostitution on the Riverfront - Hinther, Rhonda L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Minneapolis Madams: The Lost History of Prostitution on the Riverfront," by Penny A. Peterson.

Race, Food, and Borders: Situating Migrant Struggle in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia - Hjalmarson, Elise; Bunn, Robyn; Cohen, Amy; Terbasket, Edna; Gahman, Levi (Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2015)
Over the past century, the Okanagan Valley's social, economic, and physical landscape has been largely shaped by the region's agricultural industry. Within this landscape migrant farmworkers have an essential role, yet are rendered invisible and remain marginalized. This commentary explores migrants' struggle by looking at the intersections of colonialism, race, borders, and the local food economy. We begin with a historical examination of the racialized nature of the region's agricultural labor force, and also provide an overview of the local food economy. Following this, we outline Canada's Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) and discuss how the SAWP places migrant laborers in positions of precarity, often resulting in worker isolation and superexploitation. We then turn to the social conditions migrant workers encounter upon arriving in the Okanagan Valley by describing the institutional discrimination they face, as well as the everyday prejudices and aggressions they endure due to their status of being labeled both "foreign" and "temporary." Next we provide a brief explanation of settler colonialism, the imposition of borders, and the common struggles shared by migrant workers and Aboriginal people. Finally, we offer some recommendations for change that would ameliorate some of the challenges migrant workers experience upon arriving in the Okanagan.
Keywords: Food Systems; Migrant Labor; Okanagan Valley; Racism; Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program; Settler Colonialism; Temporary Foreign Worker Program

Growing to One World: The Life of J. King Gordon - Hoffman, George (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Growing to One World: The Life of J. King Gordon," by Eileen R. Janzen.

The Winter of Discontent: Myth, Memory, History - Ikebe, Shannon (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Winter of Discontent: Myth, Memory, History," by Tara Martin Lopez.

The Left in British Columbia: A History of Struggle - Isitt, Benjamin (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Left in British Columbia: A History of Struggle," by Gordon Hak.

Documenting First Wave Feminisms, Volume I: Transnational Collaborations and Crosscurrents; Documenting First Wave Feminisms, Volume II: Canada – National and Transnational Contexts - Janovicek, Nancy (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the books, "Documenting First Wave Feminisms, Volume I: Transnational Collaborations and Crosscurrents," edited by Maureen Moynagh and Nancy Forestell, and "Documenting First Wave Feminisms, Volume II: Canada – National and Transnational Contexts," edited by Nancy Forestell and Maureen Moynagh.

Advancing Industrial Relations Theory: An Analytical Synthesis of British-American and Pluralist-Radical Ideas - Kaufman, Bruce E.; Gall, Gregor (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Prominent writers in industrial relations (IR) have concluded the field is in significant decline, partly because of a failed theory base. The theory problem is deepened because other writers conclude developing a theory foundation for industrial relations is neither possible nor desirable. We believe advancing IR theory is both needed and possible, and take up the challenge in this paper. A long-standing problem in theorizing industrial relations has been the lack of agreement on the field’s core analytical construct. However, in the last two decades writers have increasingly agreed the field is centred on the employment relationship. Another long-standing problem is that writers have theorized industrial relations using different theoretical frames of reference, including pluralist and radical-Marxist; different disciplinary perspectives, such as economics, sociology, history, and politics; and from different national traditions, such as British, French, and American. In this paper, we seek to advance IR theory and better integrate paradigms and national traditions. We do this by developing an analytical explanation for four core features of the employment relationship—generation of an economic surplus, cooperation-conflict dialectic, indeterminate nature of the employment contract, and asymmetric authority and power in the firm—using an integrative mix of ideas and concepts from the pluralist and radical-Marxist streams presented in a multi-part diagram constructed with marginalist tools from conventional economics. The diagram includes central IR system components, such as labour market, hierarchical firm, macro-economy, and nation state government. The model is used to explain the four features of the employment relationship and derive implications for IR theory and practice. Examples include the diagrammatic representation of the size and distribution of the economic surplus, a new analytical representation of labour exploitation, identification of labour supply conditions that encourage, respectively, cooperation versus conflict, and demonstration of how inequality of bargaining power in labour markets contributes to macroeconomic stagnation and unemployment.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

A Welcome to Canadian Association for Work and Labour Studies (CAWLS) Members = Bienvenue aux membres de l’Association canadienne d’études du travail et du syndicalisme (Acets) - Kealey, Gregory S.; Cadigan, Sean (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Announces that the journal is now a joint partnership of the Canadian Committee on Labour History with Athabaska University Press, in affiliation with the Canadian Association of Labour Studies.

The Patriotic Consensus: Unity, Morale and the Second World War in Winnipeg - Keshen, Jeff (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Patriotic Consensus: Unity, Morale and the Second World War in Winnipeg," by Jody Perrun.

Dictablanda: Politics, Work, and Culture in Mexico, 1938–1968 - Kiddle, Amelia M. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Dictablanda: Politics, Work, and Culture in Mexico, 1938–1968," edited by Paul Gillingham and Benjamin T. Smith.

The Effects of Mutual Trustworthiness between Labour and Management in Adopting High Performance Work Systems - Kim, Yoon-Ho; Kim, Dong-One; Ali, Mohammad A. (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
In this study, we examine the role of mutual trustworthiness between labour representatives and management and its relationship with the adoption of High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) in the Korean employment relations context. We argue that trustworthiness is a feature of the parties to the exchange, as opposed to trust, which explains the nature of exchange relationships. We follow existing literature on trustworthiness and agree that it is composed of three variables, i.e., ability, integrity, and benevolence. We test the effects of these three variables as important antecedents for the adoption of HPWS at the workplace level. Using the National Establishment Survey 2009 conducted by Statistics Korea as a sample frame, we survey a representative sample of Korean establishments. These data consist of 1,353 paired responses from labour representatives and managers. Our results show that labour-management mutual ability trustworthiness (MAT) has a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of high performance work systems (Hypothesis 1); mutual benevolence trustworthiness (MBT) has a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of high performance work systems (Hypothesis 2); and mutual integrity trustworthiness (MIT) has a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of high performance work systems (Hypothesis 3). These results show that mutual trustworthiness in Korean employment relations is an important antecedent for the adoption of HPWS and can enable Korean industry to improve its position in the global economy. In the final analysis, it is implied that employment relations actors pursuing cooperative employment practices should ensure the development of a virtuous cycle of mutual trustworthiness. (English)
Keywords: Corea; Corée; HIGH performance work systems; Industrial relations; KOREA (South); Korea; LABOR organizing; Labor policy; RELIABILITY; Research; TAYLORISM (Management); Trust; Work environment; contexte professionnel coopératif; cooperative employment relations; fiabilidad mutua; industrial relations research; loyauté mutuelle; mutual trustworthiness; relaciones laborales cooperativas; sistemas de trabajo a alto rendimiento; systèmes de travail à haute performance

“They don´t represent us!” Opportunities for a Social Movement Unionism Strategy in Spain - Köhler, Holm-Detlev; Calleja Jiménez, José Pablo (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
Our goal is to analyze strategies of union revitalization that have been successful elsewhere and have the potential to become so in Spain. Within these practices, Social Movement Unionism focuses on alliances with other groups to improve unions’ social efficiency. In this article, we address the applicability of the principles of Social Movement Unionism in the specific case of Spain. Given the transformations in the Spanish economy and labour laws tending towards further deregulation, Spanish unions have had to react. The emergence of new social movements such as the Indignados or Mareas Ciudadanas (civic tides) and the declining confidence in unions among the Spanish population, make this approach timely and appropriate. For this article, we will take certain aspects from the trade union revitalization debate and combine them with the main theories on New Social Movements. We will apply these approaches to a specific case study: The viability of cooperation between the largest Spanish trade unions and the recent social movements arising from the Indignados movement. For this purpose, we will primarily use data from secondary sources and transcripts of interviews conducted with unionists and social movement activists. With all these elements taken into consideration, we will conclude by showing the inhibiting and facilitating conditions for the development of a Social Movement Unionism strategy for the referred actors.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Autoworkers Under the Gun: A Shop-Floor View of the End of the American Dream - Kozlowski, Jason (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Autoworkers Under the Gun: A Shop-Floor View of the End of the American Dream," by Gregg Shotwell.

Lost in the Ocean of Deregulation? : The Greek Labour Movement in a Time of Crisis - Kretsos, Lefteris; Vogiatzoglou, Markos (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The 2008 financial crisis had a tremendous impact on the Greek economy and society. Since 2010, widespread popular mobilizations have emerged against the austerity measures that were part of the bail-out package proposed to the Greek governments by the Troika of creditors (EU-ECB-IMF). Yet the institutional trade unions have failed to impede the reduction of wage earners’ income, which, by 2013, had dropped by 50% compared to 2008 levels. These unions have also been largely unable to confirm their leading role in mobilizing the working population. This article examines the reasons for the failure of the institutional trade unions to adequately address the austerity challenge. We consider that the explanation of their shortcomings lies in the generic challenges and problems contemporary trade unions are facing, as documented in the relevant international literature, as well as the specific particularities and traits of the Greek socio-political context. We also investigate the alternatives proposed by militant, grassroots labour organizations, such as neighbourhood-based workers’ clubs, industry sector or company-based unions populated by precarious workers, and occupied, self-managed companies. After identifying the strong points of the latter’s contributions, as well as the problems and challenges they are facing, we conclude that a diversified and innovative approach is required on the part of the labour movement in order to simultaneously address and exploit all sources of workers’ power. The article concludes that a process of strategic rapprochement between mainstream and radical unions in Greece is necessary.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Changing Work Relationships and the Protection of Workers under Quebec and Australian Occupational Health and Safety Law Workplace Pensions: Next Generation or Final Frontier - Laflamme, Anne-Marie (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
Quebec's occupational health and safety regime has not kept pace with the far-reaching transformation in work organisation which has occurred in the past several decades. Rights and duties under Quebec legislation continue to be defined in relation to the paradigm of the traditional contract of employment, even though the concept of the employment contract is of diminishing relevance in the face of ever-increasing use of contracting, subcontracting, labour hire agencies, supply chains and other alternative work arrangements. Given the documented link between precarious work and a heightened risk of job-related hazards, and that health and safety at work has long been recognized as a fun- damental human right, the author argues that Quebec law is in need of reform. Such reform, she contends, could be modelled on the harmonised Work Health and Safety Acts recently adopted by most Australian jurisdictions. The most notable innovation in the Australian statutes is the imposition of a broad gen- eral duty of care on any "person conducting a business or undertaking. " That duty applies to all categories of workers, regardless of whether or not there is an employment contract. Furthermore, the Acts stipulate that where multiple persons are involved in the conduct of a business or undertaking, they are obli- gated to consult, cooperate and coordinate in order to ensure the health and safety of workers, all of whom are entitled to participate in the consultations through their elected representatives. While noting that effective enforcement of these provisions continues to present challenges, the author sees the Australian reform as an important step forward in providing occupational health and safety protections for precarious workers.

The Economic Impact of the Great Recession on Aboriginal People Living off Reserve in Canada - Lamb, Danielle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The present analysis seeks to examine whether the 2008 recession had a differential impact on Aboriginal as compared to non-Aboriginal Canadians as measured by the differences in the probability of unemployment between the two groups. Specifically, the present study tests two hypotheses: 1- Aboriginal people have been disproportionately burdened by the Great Recession as compared to non-Aboriginal people, and as a consequence; 2- Aboriginal people are more likely than non-Aboriginal people to be discouraged workers. The study uses data obtained from the master files of the Canadian Labour Force Survey for the years 2007 to 2012 inclusive to estimate the probability that an individual is unemployed based on a set of observable characteristics for a sample of labour force participants. The methodology begins by estimating a pooled model across all years, which includes controls for Aboriginal identity. Secondly, individual models of the probability of unemployment are estimated for each year for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal labour force participants. The difference in the probability of unemployment from pooled models estimated separately for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal peoples are decomposed to reveal the proportion of the gap that is due to differences in observable characteristics between the two groups and the amount of the gap that is attributable to differential returns to those characteristics. To investigate the second hypothesis, the study estimates the probability that a respondent is a discouraged worker based on the entire sample of both economically active and inactive persons (i.e. labour force participants and well as those not in the labour force). The results of both the pooled and individual models of the probability of unemployment support the first hypothesis, that Aboriginal peoples were disproportionately burdened by the 2008 recession as seen in higher and more enduring probabilities of unemployment. By the 2012, estimated unemployment rates had roughly returned to their pre-recessionary levels for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal respondents with strongest labour force attachments. When individuals with weaker labour force attachments (i.e. those who have been unemployed for more than twelve months) are included in the analysis, the gap between the probability of unemployment for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons widens. Furthermore, the second hypothesis, that Aboriginal people are more likely to be discouraged workers, was supported, as Aboriginal people were more likely to be discouraged workers in 2008-2010 and 2012.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Union Democracy as a Foundation for a Participatory Society: A Theoretical Elaboration and Historical Example - Langford, Tom (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This essay argues that union democracy (in the sense of active direct democracy at local levels in combination with highly accountable representative systems at more general levels) can be an important foundation for efforts to build a participatory society. It establishes, through a literature review, that pessimism about the capacity of unions to be functioning democracies is overstated; and then offers corrections for three weaknesses in the classical theory of participatory democracy. The first weakness – failing to analyze how participatory processes are gendered, racialized, and sexualized – is overcome by drawing upon feminist ideas for creating highly inclusive group processes. The second weakness – believing that an exaggerated consensus can be created through participation – is remedied with insights drawn from agonistic pluralism. The third weakness – assuming that participation in workplace governance is the essential, participatory training ground – is corrected with insights drawn from research on deliberative democracy. After enumerating eight reasons to pick unions as a focus for participatory efforts from amongst the various alternatives, the essay concludes with a historical example of how the combination of direct democracy and representative democratic accountability in the five United Mine Workers of America locals in the Crowsnest Pass, Canada, in the mid-20th century “spilled over” into this regional coalfield society, thereby nurturing a fledgling participatory society.

Les comités syndicaux jeunes: Acteurs du changement institutionnel ou voie de contournement? - Laroche, Mélanie; Dufour-Poirier, Mélanie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Examines the participation of young workers in unions as well as their place in unions' committee structures. Considers the literature on integration of young workers into unions, the revitalization of unions through institutional change (three key criteria are delineated), and the results of a survey (interviews, focus groups) that was conducted by the authors. Concludes that youth should play a greater role than consultation and education — that they should have a voice rather than a presence in union councils — which in turn would encourage participation by other minority groups in union renewal.

The Communist International and US Communism, 1919–1929 - Le Blanc, Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Communist International and US Communism, 1919–1929," by Jacob A. Zumoff.

The Influence of External Information on Collective Bargaining: Survey Evidence of Union and Firm Negotiators in the Netherlands - Lehr, Alex; Akkerman, Agnes; Torenvlied, René (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
This paper seeks to answer two questions: 1- To what extent are negotiators in collective bargaining influenced by different types of external information? 2- How can differences in the influence of external information between negotiators be explained by the characteristics of the negotiators and bargaining units? A standardized questionnaire measuring self-reported influences of different types of external information was developed and administered to a representative sample of union and firm negotiators in the Netherlands. In total, 123 negotiators participated in the survey. Four types of external information were investigated: 1- economic information; 2- information on organizational power; 3- institutional information; and 4- information spillovers. Descriptive analyses show that economic information, particularly when referring to the sector level, was very influential, as was institutional information on national and sectoral collective agreement developments. Information reflecting organizational power, e.g. militancy, carried less weight, while information on other bargaining events, i.e. spillover, was also very important. From extant theory, empirical findings and common assumptions in labour relations literature, the paper developed and tested a number of hypotheses concerning the influence of external information. It was found that the influence of spillovers increased with the proximity of their source. Union negotiators were generally more influenced by external information than firm negotiators. There was some evidence that influence increased with experience, but this effect was rather modest. Evidence that negotiators in sector bargaining were less affected by the economic environment than negotiators in company bargaining was weak, but they were found to be less influenced by spillovers and international collective agreement developments.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

L’approche systémique de la gestion des ressources humaines dans les administrations publiques du XXI siècle - Lessard, René (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "L’approche systémique de la gestion des ressources humaines dans les administrations publiques du XXIe siècle," by Louise Lemire, Gaétan Martel and Éric Charest.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Working Men's Bodies: Work Camps in Britain, 1880-1940 - Levine-Clark, Marjorie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Working Men's Bodies: Work Camps in Britain, 1880-1940," by John Field.

Ian Milligan, Rebel Youth: 1960s Labour Unrest, Young Workers, and New Leftists in English Canada - Lexier, Roberta (Historical Studies in Education / Revue d'histoire de l'éducation, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Rebel Youth: 1960s Labour Unrest, Young Workers, and New Leftists in English Canada," by Ian Milligan.

The First Green Wave: Pollution Probe and the Origins of Environmental Activism in Ontario - Longley, Hereward (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The First Green Wave: Pollution Probe and the Origins of Environmental Activism in Ontario," by Ryan O’Connor.

Revolutionizing Retail: Workers, Political Action, and Social Change - Luce, Stephanie (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Revolutionizing Retail: Workers, Political Action, and Social Change," by Kendra Coulter.

According to Baba: A Collaborative Oral History of Sudbury's Ukrainian Community - Luciuk, Kassandra (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "According to Baba: A Collaborative Oral History of Sudbury's Ukrainian Community," by Stacey Zembrzycki.

The Match Girl and the Heiress - MacKay, Lynn (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Match Girl and the Heiress," by Seth Koven.

Pinay on the Prairies: Filipino Women and Transnational Identities - Malek, Jon G. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Pinay on the Prairies: Filipino Women and Transnational Identities," by Glenda Tibe Bonifacio.

Manufacturing Mennonites: Work and Religion in Post-War Manitoba - Marks, Lynne (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Manufacturing Mennonites: Work and Religion in Post-War Manitoba," by Janis Thiessen.

The Blurred Boundaries of Anarchism and Punk in Vancouver, 1970–1983 - Martin, Eryk (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
While historians have been increasingly attentive to the politics and culture of social movements since the long sixties, they have engaged much less with the significance of anarchism within these activist currents. As part of an emerging field of anarchist studies, this article demonstrates that anarchist projects were critical in shaping postwar political radicalism in Vancouver and its relationship to a global pattern of cultural transformation, capitalist restructuring, and social movement activism. Specifically, the article investigates how and why Vancouver’s anarchist community created strong political, personal, and cultural connections with an emerging punk scene during the 1970s and early 1980s. It demonstrates that these relationships emerged from anarchism’s conflicting relationship with the city’s New Left and countercultural communities in the long sixties, as well as from anarchists’ specific engagement with punk as a tool for revolutionary struggle in the wake of the sixties. Overall, the article argues that anarchists cultivated connections with punk in this context because they saw it as awash with the potential to bridge generations of political dissent; to support emerging activist projects; and to help usher in new expressions of radical culture in the city. In so doing, the article offers new insights into the political, social, and cultural legacies of the long sixties, in Vancouver and beyond.

Corporate Social Responsibility as Work Law: A Critical Assessment in the Light of the Principle of Human Dignity Workplace Pensions: Next Generation or Final Frontier - Martin, Isabelle (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2015)
The organization of work through production networks undermines the application of labour law to a growing proportion of workers. Protections put in place by labour law, specifically devised to apply within the hierarchical and bilateral structure of the employer/employee relationship, are ill-fitted to tackle the multilateral structure of network production in which market and hierarchical relationships are entangled. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) appears to some as a possible answer to these challenges. The author develops a normative and functional framework to assess the promise and limits of CSR as a regulatory tool. The framework is grounded in human dignity, as concep- tualized by human rights law and political philosophy. A holistic understanding of human dignity highlights the interdependency of labour law's basic func- tions: providing minimum working conditions, ensuring employer accountability for working hazards, and enabling workers' collective action. The author then applies the human dignity framework to codes of conduct, as described and analyzed in current literature on the subject. She concludes that CSR codes and their implementation often fall short of what is required in the workplace by the human dignity principle.

Creating a “Home Feeling”: The Canadian Reading Camp Association and the Uses of Fiction, 1900–1905 - Mason, Jody (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
Although the history of Canada’s oldest adult literacy organization, Frontier College, is of great relevance to labour studies, it has been more or less ignored by this field, largely because of its links to the early 20th-century social gospel movement and because of the difficulty of studying workers’ responses to the association. This article examines the first half-decade of Frontier College (known until 1919 as the Canadian Reading Camp Association) using a variety of methodologies – labour history, cultural and literary history, the history of education, and the history of reading – to understand how culture was used in the service of liberal government in the context of northern Ontario’s lumber camps at the turn of the century. The association’s promotion of literacy via fiction for frontier labourers signalled a new acceptance in Canada of the notion that workers might actually be improved through fiction. Alfred Fitzpatrick, the association’s founder, feared a state that was failing to assume responsibility for isolated and uneducated men on the frontier, as well as working-class men who responded to their poor working conditions by succumbing to moral diseases that left them incapable of governing themselves, leading their families, or functioning as rational citizens. Fitzpatrick developed a double strategy to head off this crisis: he lobbied the state for structural change, and at the same time promoted a home-like environment for reading, as well as particular works of fiction, as a means of reminding male workers of their duty to self, family, and nation. Despite the association’s apparent interest in the cultivation of the liberal individual, its reliance on the reading room and on the fiction of popular authors such as Ralph Connor as surrogates for the absent family demonstrates the centrality of the apparently private sphere to early 20th-century Canada’s industrializing economy.

Solidarités provinciales. Histoire de la Fédération des travailleurs et travailleuses du Nouveau-Brunswick - Massicotte, Julien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Solidarités provinciales. Histoire de la Fédération des travailleurs et travailleuses du Nouveau-Brunswick," by David Frank.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

An Aging Workforce and the Future Labour Market in Canada - McDaniel, Susan A.; Wong, Lloyd L.; Watt, Bonnie (Canadian Public Policy, 2015)
The aging workforce poses perplexing policy challenges, even in Canada, which is demographically young among comparable countries. We ask what the evidence shows about whether there are, or will be, labour or skills shortages as the workforce ages. Highlighting the challenges of measuring labour/skills shortages, we explore peer-reviewed research in the 2000–2013 period. No evidence is found of a national labour shortage in the foreseeable future. In fact, the workforce is predicted to grow for the coming two decades with less shrinkage than in the past as a result of retirements. Regional and occupational shortages occur at times, as well as underutilized skills.

Similarity or Variation? Employee Representation and Consultation Approaches amongst Liberal Market Economy Multinationals - McDonnell, Anthony; Boyle, Brendan; Bartram, Timothy; Stanton, Pauline; Burgess, John (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
This paper engages with the varieties of capitalism literature to investigate the employee representation and consultation approaches of liberal market economy multinational companies (MNCs), specifically Australian, British and US MNCs operating in Australia. While the literature would suggest commonality amongst these MNCs, the paper considers whether the evidence points to similarity or variation amongst liberal market headquartered MNCs. The findings contribute to filling a recognized empirical gap on MNC employment relations practice in Australia and to a better understanding of within category varieties of capitalism similarity and variation. Drawing on survey data from MNCs operating in Australia, the results demonstrated that UK-owned MNCs were the least likely to report collective structures of employee representation. Moreover, it was found that Australian MNCs were the most likely to engage in collective forms of employee representation and made less use of direct consultative mechanisms relative to their British and US counterparts. In spite of the concerted individualization of the employment relations domain over previous decades, Australian MNCs appear to have upheld more long-standing national institutional arrangements with respect to engaging with employees on a collective basis. This varies from British and US MNC approaches which denotes that our results display within category deviation in the variety of capitalism liberal market economy typology. Just as Hall and Soskice described their seminal work on liberal market economy (LME) and coordinated market economy (CME) categories as a “work-in-progress” (2001: 2), we too suggest that Australia’s evolution in the LME category, and more specifically its industrial relations system development, and the consequences for employment relations practices of its domestic MNCs, may be a work-in-progress.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Night Malcolm X Spoke at the Oxford Union: A Transatlantic Story of Antiracist Protest - McNeil, Daniel (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Night Malcolm X Spoke at the Oxford Union: A Transatlantic Story of Antiracist Protest," by Stephen Tuck.

Indigenous Women, Work, and History, 1940-1980 - Miller, Douglas K. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Indigenous Women, Work, and History, 1940-1980," by Mary Jane Logan McCallum.

Canada the Good: A Short History of Vice since 1500 - Mitchell, Tom (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Canada the Good: A Short History of Vice since 1500," by Marcel Martel.

Hurrah Revolutionaries: The Polish Canadian Communist Movement, 1918–1948 - Mochoruk, Jim (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Hurrah Revolutionaries: The Polish Canadian Communist Movement, 1918–1948," by Patryk Polec.

Putting the State on Trial: The Policing of Protest during the G20 Summit - Monaghan, Jeffrey (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Putting the State on Trial: The Policing of Protest during the G20 Summit," edited by Margaret E. Beare, Nathalie Des Rosiers, and Abigail C. Deshman.

Le travail de prévention : Les relations professionnelles face aux risques cancérogènes - Montreuil, Sylvie (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Le travail de prévention : Les relations professionnelles face aux risques cancérogènes," by Arnaud Mias, et al.
Keywords: CARRICABURU, Daniele; FELIU, Francois; JAMET, Ludovic; LE travail de prevention: Les relations professionnelles face aux risques cancerogenes (Book); LEGRAND, Emilie; MIAS, Arnaud; Nonfiction; Occupational diseases; Prevention

Patriotic Betrayal: The Inside Story of the CIA’s Secret Campaign to Enroll American Students in the Crusade Against Communism - Moses, Nigel Roy (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "Patriotic Betrayal: The Inside Story of the CIA’s Secret Campaign to Enroll American Students in the Crusade Against Communism," by Karen M. Paget

The Employee: A Political History - Mummé, Claire (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "The Employee: A Political History," by Jean-Christian Vinel
Keywords: Collective bargaining; EMPLOYEE: A Political History, The (Book); History; Industrial relations; Nonfiction; United States; VINEL, Jean-Christian

Unfree Masters: Recording Artists and the Politics of Work - Murray, Catherine (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
The article reviews the book, "Unfree Masters: Recording Artists and the Politics of Work," by Matt Stahl.

The Great Depression in Latin America - Nállim, Jorge A. (Labour / Le Travail, 2015)
This article reviews the book, "The Great Depression in Latin America," edited by Paulo Drinot and Alan Knight.