The Union as Employer: Personnel Practices in Canadian Labour Unions - Clark, Paul F.; Gray, Lois; Solomon, Norm (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
A study reports on personnel practices in unions operating in Canada. The analysis is based on survey data collected from a representative sample of 60 labor organizations. The findings indicate that for the overall sample, formal, written personnel policies are the exception and not the rule in Canadian unions. The data also reveal, however, that personnel practices are conducted on a more formal, sophisticated basis for Canadian unions with over 50,000 members. The results confirm findings of an earlier study of US unions that there is a relationship between size and sophistication of administrative practices in at least this one area. The "economy of scale" effect has important ramifications for the efficient operation of unions and for the future structure of the labor movement in North America.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Comparative analysis; Labor Unions; Personnel policies; Polls & surveys; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies

Marie Guillot de l'émancipation des femmes à celle du syndicalisme - Claveau, Cylvie (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Review of: Marie Guillot de l'émancipation des femmes à celle du syndicalisme by Slava Liszek.

The System of Industrial Relations in Canada - Craig, Alton W. J. (Alton Westwood Joseph); Solomon, Norman A. (Prentice-Hall Canada, 1996)
[E]xamines thoroughly the ecological, economic, political, legal, and social influences that drive public, private, and parapublic sectors into intense and often bitter disputes over employment conditions. --From publisher's description
Keywords: Industrial relations -- Canada

Forging Industrial Policy: The United States, Britain and France in The Railway Age - Cruikshank, Ken (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Forging Industrial Policy: The United States, Britain and France in The Railway Age," by Frank Dobbin.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; DOBBIN, Frank; FORGING Industrial Policy: The United States, Britain & France in the Railway Age (Book); Industrial policy; Nonfiction; United States

Global Implications of Recent Innovations in U.s. Collective Bargaining - Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Joel; Power, Donald; McCabe-Power, Maureen (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Research deals with recent innovations in cooperative forms of collective bargaining. The wide range of highly cooperative approaches to negotiations are reviewed. A fairly comprehensive model is presented which is termed "target-specific bargaining." The research also examines some of the cross-cultural implications associated with applying the new forms of bargaining outside the North American context in 2 very different countries, Poland and South Africa.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Collective bargaining; Innovations; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Playing for Dollars: Labor Relations and the Sports Business - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Playing for Dollars: Labor Relations and the Sports Business," 3rd edition, by Paul D. Staudohar.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Professional sports; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Sports

The Employment Relationship in Australia - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The Employment Relationship in Australia by Tom Keenoy and Di Kelly is reviewed.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Hommage à Lise Poulin Simon, 1937-1995 - Déom, Esther (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Union Planning: A Framework and Research Agenda - Devine, Kay Stratton; Reshef, Yonatan (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Planning is fundamental to all organizations, including unions. A study presents a research framework and discusses future directions of academic research into union planning. The researchers' findings indicate that union planning is manifested in various forms. Further, the researchers propose that to capture that phenomenon adequately, researchers must approach it from a "union context," rather than building solely upon a management, economics or business policy framework.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Management; Private sector; Public sector; Research; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Strategic planning; Studies

Catching the Wave: Workplace Reform in Australia - Dingsdag, Don (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Catching the Wave: Workplace Reform in Australia," by John Mathew.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Reforms; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Work environment

L'évaluation des directions des ressources humaines dans le secteur public québécois - Dolan, Shimon L.; Belout, Adnane (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Cet article présente les résultats d'une recherche empirique sur l'évaluation de l'efficacité des directions des ressources humaines (DRH) dans le secteur public québécois selon l'approche par les clients. Cette méthode mesure l'efficacité des DRH par la satisfaction de leurs clients. Le modèle proposé et testé distingue les attentes et la satisfaction des clients (contrairement aux travaux précédents) et tient compte des effets des caractéristiques des DRH sur l'évaluateur (le client). Les résultats de l'étude confirment globalement les grandes conclusions de Tsui (1987, 1990) quant à l'existence de différences significatives dans la satisfaction et les attentes des clients tout en apportant quelques modifications méthodologiques. Aussi, de façon globale, les conclusions mettent en relief l'effet de trois variables indépendantes (l'engagement des clients, la compétence des membres des DRH, la fréquence des contacts des clients avec leur DRH) sur la satisfaction des clients selon les deux axes « relations du travail » et « gestion des ressources humaines ».
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Civil service; Human resource management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Un parti sous influence: le Parti communiste suisse, une section du Komintern 1931 à 1939 - Donneur, André (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Review of: Un parti sous influence: le Parti communiste suisse, une section du Komintern 1931 à 1939 by Brigitte Studer.

Beyond Purity: A Response to Sangster - Dubinsky, Karen; Marks, Lynne (Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate, 1996)
Readers of [this journal] may well have experienced a number of disorienting sensations: watching media coverage of a political event or demonstration one attended which completely distorts what one observed, or reading reviews of one's own book and finding it unrecognizable. Reading Joan Sangster's "Beyond Dichotomies" had a bit ofthe same effect. Canadian women's history, and its relationship to the emerging field of gender history, as we have studied it, taught it, and written it is - from Sangster's presentation - barely recognizable. We suppose we are among the members of the "younger, more hip generation" (counterposed, presumably, to the sober socialist feminist), whose "consumer choice" Sangster decries. And so we welcome the opportunity to tell our version of the story. --Author's introduction

Soldiers' Work; Soldiers' Health: Morbidity, Mortality, and their Causes in an 1840s British Garrison in Canada - Duffin, Jacalyn (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The Fort Wellington Hospital Register contains the case histories of 278 soldiers treated by military physicians in an 1840s British garrison. A computer-assisted analysis of the register provides information about illnesses suffered and the treatments prescribed, and allows for an examination of both soldiers and their doctors as workers. The soldiers were often ill because of the working conditions associated with soldiering, and their doctors were sometimes aware of the causal connection. This study leads to the epistemological suggestion that the disease labels used by the physicians were influenced by their working relationships with their solider-patients and their superiors in the military setting.
Keywords: Canada; DISEASES; GARRISONS, British; MILITARY art & science; MILITARY personnel; Physicians

Radicalism in Decline: Labour and Politics in Industrial Cape Breton, 1930-1950. - Earle, Michael John (Dalhousie University, 1996)
Cape Breton, the site of major strikes during the 1920s, remained a hotbed of political radicalism and trade union militancy for many years. In the 1930s the Communist Party had considerable influence, and most of the coal miners joined the Amalgamated Mine Workers of Nova Scotia, a CP-led breakaway from the United Mine Workers of America. Ideological opposition to the columnists was spearheaded by the Catholic-inspired Antigonish Co-operative Movement, but this did not prevent the communist leader, J. B. McLachlan, from getting substantial votes in elections. The change of communist policy to the "united front" weakened the party's influence, although communists and the officers of the re-united miners' union were able to help the Sydney steelworkers finally establish a union, and to successfully press the provincial government to pass the 1937 Trade Union Act. Left and right in Cape Breton were also able to work together during the 1937 provincial election. The unity line of the communists, along with the impact of the Antigonish movement on Catholic voters, prepared the way for the UMW affiliation to the CCF in 1938, and during the CCFers won the local seats in both the federal and provincial legislatures. However, the CCF could never win elections elsewhere in the Maritimes, and the move of CCF policies to the right in the post-war years only served to gradually undermine its support in Cape Breton. In the UMW the dissatisfaction of the miners with their bureaucratic officers brought about the 1941 slowdown, one of the most costly wartime industrial disputes, and productivity fell. The union policies advocated by the CCF (and the CP during the war), helped end opposition to the mechanization of the mines. Following defeat in the 1947 strike, the miners had to accept modernization on the company's terms, although this meant the loss of jobs. The steelworkers' union won a national strike in 1946, but thereafter was unable to hold wage rates for Sydney at a level equal to those paid in Ontario steel plants. The militancy and radicalism of the miners and steelworkers of earlier years had almost completely disappeared by 1950. Dramatic anti-communist episodes in both the steelworkers' and miners' unions in the 1949-50 period marked the triumph of union bureaucrats and Cold War politicians over radicalism in Cape Breton.

Modes de rénumération et structures de salaire au Québec (1980-1992) - Ferland, Gilles (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Cet article vise à appréhender la réalité québécoise en matière d'évolution des modes de rémunération et des structures de salaire négociés par les syndicats et les employeurs en mettant en évidence les changements qui se sont produits dans les conventions collectives depuis 1980.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Future of the International Labour Question from the Inside Looking Out - Fink, Leon; French, John D. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Reports on the annual conference of the International Labor Organization in Geneva in June 1993, at which over 130 countries attended with each sending delegations of labour, business and government officials. Takes note of the air of uncertainty that surrounded the proceedings in the aftermath of the Soviet Union's collapse and the capitalist shift of investment to the global south. Provides a snapshot of the discussion with an edited synopsis of interviews with a number of conference attendees, with the exception of the Canadian Autoworkers' Sam Gindin who was interviewed in June 1994 following the signing of NAFTA. Themes explored include the global economy, policy dilemmas facing the ILO, transnational strategies and the labour movement, and intellectual activists and labour history. The interviewees included Philip Bowyer, James Burge, Hans Engelberts, Dan Galeen, Sam Gindin, Charles Gray, Philip Jennings, Denis MacShane, Herbert Maier, and Charles Spring.
Keywords: CONFERENCES & conventions; GALEEN, Dan; GENEVA (Switzerland); INTERNATIONAL Labour Organisation; Industrial relations; LABOR -- Congresses; SWITZERLAND

A Marriage of Convenience: Business and Social Work in Toronto 1918-1957 - Finkel, Alvin (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "A Marriage of Convenience: Business and Social Work in Toronto 1918-1957," by Gale Wills.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; INDUSTRIES -- Social aspects; MARRIAGE of Convenience: Business & Social Work in Toronto 1918-1957, A (Book); Nonfiction; WILLS, Gale

Manitoba's First Farmers - Flynn, Catherine; Syms, E. Leigh (Manitoba History, 1996)
Most people believe that the early pioneer homesteaders, the Selkirk settlers, were Manitoba's first farmers. However, several centuries before the arrival of the Selkirk settlers, the land was already being worked by Aboriginal or First Nations peoples in various parts of Manitoba. The presentation of Manitoba's history has not generally shown Native peoples as farmers; instead, they have been portrayed as nomadic wanderers who resisted the efforts of well-intentioned Europeans who tried to induce them to take up farming and become "civilized". In Lost Harvests: Prairie Indian Reserve Farmers and Government Policy, Sarah Carter (1993) has documented in detail how representatives from Indian Affairs first introduced farming to Aboriginal groups, usually at the request of the Native peoples after they had been relocated to reserves, and then proceeded to set up a series of rules which made farming on the reserves an activity destined to fail. There is, however, well documented evidence for Postcontact maize (corn) horticulture in Manitoba prior to the movement of Aboriginal peoples to reserves. Moodie and Kaye (1969) discuss some of the early accounts of corn growing in Manitoba. They state that the first mention of Native corn horticulture north of the Middle Missouri is made by Henry Schoolcraft in 1805, when he observed the Netley Creek Natives growing corn and potatoes. Later, in 1821, these same people were reputed to have provided the Selkirk settlers with seed. Moodie and Kaye (1969) also report that the Netley Creek Odawas were well aware of the practice of maize growing but did not grow it themselves until they were given the seed in 1805. Following this, garden plots were placed in strategic provisioning locations and, by the 1850's, they had added beans and even melons to their inventory. The practice of gardening quickly caught on with other Woodland Native groups spurred by the demand for provisions by traders This example from the fur trade period is the most frequently cited example of the earliest known Native farming in Manitoba. But what of the Precontact period, the vast period of time prior to the fur trade and homestead eras? For information from this period we must turn to the archaeological record and to early historic observations on Native peoples to the south, particularly in the area around the Mississippi and Missouri rivers in what is now the Dakotas and Minnesota. Archaeologists have documented a long tradition of plant domestication and crop harvesting among the Aboriginal people of North, Central and South America. Corn, one of our own modern staples, was first domesticated in the highlands of Mexico approximately 7000 years ago. This highly adaptable plant was rapidly bred to produce a wide variety of strains which were eventually grown throughout much of Central and North America. Other domesticated crops include a variety of beans and gourds, tobacco, sunflowers, potatoes and numerous indigenous seedy plants such as chenopodium and amaranth. In fact, one of the ironies of modern farming is the effort that is currently invested in eradicating "weeds," many of which were either domesticated or heavily utilized by Precontact Aboriginal groups and are particularly well-suited to colonizing recently disturbed land. --Introduction

Success While Others Fail: Social Movement Unionism and the Public Workplace - Forrest, Anne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Success While Others Fail: Social Movement Unionism and the Public Workplace," by Paul Johnston.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Civil service; Collective bargaining; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Public sector; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Women and Wage Labour in Australia and Canada, 1880-1980 - Frances, Raelene; Kealey, Linda; Sangster, Joan (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
A century of women's work history in Australia and Canada reveals both similarities and contrasts. Women workers in both countries have faced persistent occupational segregation and lower pay, justified by the "family wage" ideal of a male breadwinner and the accompanying perception of women's paid labour as secondary, less skilled and transient. While Canada's female labour force has historically demonstrated a significant proportion of immigrants from countries other than England, Australia's female labour force contained fewer immigrants but revealed a visible minority of Aboriginals who have demonstrated labour militancy in several well-known disputes in this century. Perhaps the most striking differences between the two countries, however, relate to the extent of the Australian state's involvement in wage tribunals and in the compulsory arbitration system, both of which have given women improved wages and "a floor of protection." By contrast, state intervention in Canada was minimal until well into the 20th century when minimum wage laws were passed during and after World War I. Despite these differences there are areas of similarity, particularly in this century as women workers tended to mobilize at roughly the same time, not only in unions and work places but also in neighbourhoods, ethnic communities, rural areas and to some extent in labour and left wing political groups. Modern feminist movements in both countries have waged some successful campaigns to change not only government views and agendas, but also those of trade unions. Thus, while Australian women have perhaps been more successful at "playing the state" depending on the government in power, both groups of women are increasingly faced with the challenge of government retreat from egalitarian policies under the onslaught of a right-wing, corporatist agenda.
Keywords: ABSTRACTS; Women employees

Workers' Education in Australia and Canada: A Comparative Approach to Labour's Cultural History - Friesen, Gerald; Taksa, Lucy (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
This essay investigates the formal and informal educational pursuits of the labour movements and working-class communities of Australia and Canada. It suggests that worker education in the two countries was conducted by similar institutions, notably by branches of England's Workers Educational Association (WEA) but within very different cultural contexts. By juxtaposing these two national cases we demonstrate that labour's reliance on such community-wide institutions was mediated by the relationship between the labour movements and informal networks of working class interaction, on the one hand, and the body politic, on the other. Australia's prominent labour movement and strong tradition of public working class interaction enabled community-wide educational activities to be challenged. In Canada, by contrast, the collaborative nature of adult education and the "tools courses" taught by unions represented a different consensus about the nature of class identity and the place of unions in national politics.
Keywords: AUSTRALIA; Adult education; CLASS identity; Canada; Labor movement; Social interaction; Working class

Northern Protest: Martin Luther King Jr., Chicago, and the Civil Rights Movement - Fuke, Richard Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Northern Protest: Martin Luther King Jr., Chicago, and the Civil Rights Movement," by James R. Ralph.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CIVIL rights movements -- United States; History; NORTHERN Protest: Martin Luther King Jr., Chicago & the Civil Rights Movement (Book); Nonfiction; RALPH, James R.

Revolutionary Marxism and Social Reality in the Twentieth Century - Gabbert, Mark A. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Revolutionary Marxism and Social Reality in the Twentieth Century," by Ernest Mandel.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; MANDEL, Ernest; Nonfiction; REVOLUTIONARY Marxism & Social Reality in the 20th Century (Book); Socialism

Le droit du travail : théories et pratiques - Gagnon, Robert P. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Le droit du travail : théories et pratiques," 3rd edition, by Rodrigue Blouin.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor law; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Staging the Practices of Heritage - Gale, Bill (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews and comments on the book, "Theater of Memory: Past and Present in Contemporary Culture," Volume I, by Raphael Samuel.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Nonfiction; SAMUEL, Raphael; THEATER of Memory: Past & Present in Contemporary Culture (Book); Theater

Workers' Welfare: Labour and the Welfare State in 20th-century Australia and Canada - Garton, Stephen; Mccallum, Margaret E. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
This article investigates the historical dimensions of the labour movement's relationship to the welfare state in Australia and Canada during the 20th century. It assesses existing class and party politics theories of this relationship and by proposing particular historical accounts of the welfare state in a comparative context, it seeks to move beyond the limitations of these theories. The article argues that such approaches focus too narrowly on social security and wage regulation as the key parameters of the welfare state, ignoring major fields of welfare intervention for women, indigenous peoples and war service. In attempting to provide a more comprehensive narrative of the welfare state in a comparative context the article seeks to provide a clearer conception of the distinctive features of settler society welfare states. And by placing the role of the labour movement in this broader history it critically assesses the successes and limitations of the labour movement's engagement with the welfare state.
Keywords: AUSTRALIA; Canada; Labor movement; Social security; WELFARE state; WOMEN & war; Working class

Changements dans la législation du travail au Canada [v. 51, no. 1, 1996], 1er juillet au 30 septembre 1995 = Changes in Canadian labour legislation, July 1 to September 30, 1995 - Gauvin, Michel; Brennan, Geoffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Changements dans la législation du travail au Canada [v. 51, no. 2, 1996], 1er octobre au 31 décembre 1995 = Changes in Canadian labour legislation, October 1 to December 31, 1995 - Gauvin, Michel; Brennan, Geoffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Changements dans la législation du travail au Canada [v. 51, no. 3, 1996], 1er janvier au 31 mars 1996 = Changes in Canadian labour law, January 1 to March 31, 1996 - Gauvin, Michel; Brennan, Geoffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Changements dans la législation du travail au Canada [v. 51, no. 4, 1996], 1er avril au 30 juin 1996 = Changes in Canada Labour Law, April 1 to June 30, 1996 - Gauvin, Michel; Brennan, Geoffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Making Law, Order, and Authority in British Columbia, 1821-1871 - Girard, Philip (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Making Law, Order and Authority in British Columbia, 1821-1871," by Tina Loo.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; LOO, Tina; Law; MAKING Law, Order & Authority in British Columbia 1821-1871 (Book); Nonfiction

Marxism and Class Consciousness - Glaberman, Martin (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Critiques the paper, "Strikes and Class Consciousness," by Tom Langford published in the Fall 1994 issue of Labour/Le Travail. Argues that Langford misunderstood and misapplied Marxist methodology in his analysis of class consciousness during the 1987 Hamilton postal workers' strike.
Keywords: Class consciousness; Communism; GLABERMAN, Martin; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); LANGFORD, Tom; Labor disputes; STRIKES & lockouts

New Immigrants, Old Unions: Organizing Undocumented Workers in Los Angeles - Gonzalez, Gilbert G. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "New Immigrants, Old Unions: Organizing Undocumented Workers in Los Angeles," by Hector L. Delgado.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; DELGADO, Hector L.; Foreign workers; NEW Immigrants, Old Unions: Organizing Undocumented Workers in Los Angeles (Book); Nonfiction

Grèves et services essentiels/Strikes and Essential Services - Grant, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The articles reviews the book, "Grèves et services essentiels/Strikes and Essential Services," edited by Jean Bernier.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Work-Sharing Benefits in Canada: An Effective Employment Stabilization Policy Measure? - Gray, David (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The paper discusses Canada's work-sharing program, which is a special provision of the unemployment insurance program. The time series properties of the national and regional activity levels of this program between 1982 and 1992 are analyzed with the aid of a regression equation. The model estimates the relationship between global work-sharing program activity and the business cycle in search of a countercyclical pattern. Despite evidence of persistence effects in the time series behavior of the participation levels for the conventional UI program, which have been tied to hysteresis effects for unemployment levels, the participation levels of this program appear to behave counter cyclically, as intended. Although there is some anecdotal evidence at the firm level which would suggest instances of repeat usage, persistence effects are not discernible at the macroeconomic level. On the other hand, despite the fact that the program is not to be used in instances of seasonal employment, the model does generate seasonal patterns.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Participants; Regression analysis; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies; Time series; Unemployment insurance; Work sharing

Producers, Proletarians, and Politicians: Workers and Party Politics in Evansville and New Albany, Indiana, 1850-87 - Greenberg, Brian (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Producers, Proletarians, and Politicians: Workers and Party Politics in Evansville and New Albany, Indiana, 1850-87," by Lawrence M. Lipin.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; LIPIN, Lawrence M.; Labor; Nonfiction; PRODUCERS, Proletarians & Politicians: Workers & Party Politics in Evansville & New Albany, Indiana 1850-1887 (Book)

Harrisburg Industrializes: The Coming of Factories to an American Community - Gross, Laurence F. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Harrisburg Industrializes: The Coming of Factories to an American Community," by Gerald G. Eggert.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; EGGERT, Gerald G.; HARRISBURG Industrializes: The Coming of Factories to an American Community (Book); INDUSTRIALIZATION; Nonfiction

Winnipeg Meat Packing Workers' Path to Union Recognition and Collective Bargaining - Grover, John Hanley (University of Manitoba, 1996)
This thesis explains why in the 1940s, Winnipeg meat packing workers secured sustainable industrial unionism. By tracing the development of the Winnipeg meat packing industry and investigating previously unsuccessful organizational drives, it is suggested that success in the 1940s corresponded to three broad contributing factors. The most significant factor was changing local conditions. With the gradual introduction of mass production techniques to the Winnipeg meat packing industry beginning in the early 1920s, the reorganization of Winnipeg packinghouse work occurred. The large scale introduction of semi-skilled workers changed the face of meat packing, as packinghouse work became deskilled without any significant degree of automation. During this period, craft unionism in the meat packing industry failed on a national pattern. This failure coincided with the 1930s experiment in industrial unionisn by Winnipeg workers'at Western Packers workers. Western Packing's workers' introduction to industrial unionism also provided the successful 1940s drive with links to the Communist Party. An overall strengthening in North America of the labour movement beginning in the 1930s provided the second broad contributing factor to success in the 1940s. With the birth of the CIO in the United States and Canada, Winnipeg meat packing workers gained at the very minimum inspiration. The impact of Wor1d War II accounted for the final contributing factor for success in the 1940s. With a wartime demand creating full employment and the governmentts desire to maintain production, organized labour found itself in a position of unparalleled power. In combination, a spirit of militancy arose among Canada's labour movement. From these conditions, meat packing workers in Winnipeg chose and pursued industrial unionism with great success. By the end of World war II, workers in Winnipeg possessed an effective union organization and had won union shops and wage increases. Ultimately however, the union's national success created a centralized, bureaucratic union movement which consequently provided a loss of local autonomy.

Fair Play or Fair Pay? Gender Relations, Class Consciousness, and Union Solidarity in the Canadian UE - Guard, Julie (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Women who were activists in the Canadian district of the United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America (UE) during the postwar and cold war era challenge the assumption that class consciousness is incompatible with female gender consciousness. Encouraged by the leadership's espoused commitment to gender equality, and secure in their strategic importance as a quarter of the lYE's membership, women activists not only refused to accept second-class status within the union, but called, in the name of solidarity, for men's active support in the struggle for women's rights. Although their arguments for a gender-conscious analysis of class struggle failed to convince the UE's leadership, their struggle laid the foundation for the working-class feminism that later emerged within the union.
Keywords: Feminism; Labor Unions; Leadership; Social movements; WAR & society; Women's rights

Labour's Dilemma: The Gender Politics of Auto Workers in Canada, 1937-1979 - Guard, Julie (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Labour's Dilemma: The Gender Politics of Auto Workers in Canada, 1937-1979," by Pamela Sugiman.
Keywords: Automobile industry workers; BOOKS -- Reviews; LABOUR'S Dilemma: The Gender Politics of Auto Workers in Canada 1937-1979 (Book); Nonfiction; SUGIMAN, Pamela

Le malaise professionnel : nature et mesure du concept - Guérin, Gilles; Wils, Thierry; Lemire, Louise (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Le malaise professionnel — vu comme un conflit entre les valeurs professionnelles et les exigences organisationnelles — a donné lieu à une abondante littérature au cours des quarante dernières années. Le concept est ici repris dans le but d'élaborer un construit qui s'appuie sur les huit principaux points de tension entre les cadres et les professionnels, soit la nature du travail, l'autonomie, la participation à la prise de décision, le style de gestion du supérieur, les conditions de travail, le développement de carrière, la reconnaissance et l'éthique. Construit à partir de questions mesurant tant les attentes professionnelles que les perceptions de réalisation de 2497 professionnels syndiqués du Québec, le construit de 16 indicateurs se révèle cohérent et valide puisqu'il est significativement corrélé avec les attitudes et comportements généralement associés au malaise par les auteurs.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Mother Trucker: The Diana Kilmury Story - Gunnarsson, Sturla (1996)
A fact-based award-winning movie telling the history and Truck Drivers' Union-involvement of the first-ever woman elected to the International Brotherhood of Teamsters' General Executive Board in 1991.

Unemployment Reduction in Canada: Lessons from Japan and Sweden - Harcourt, J. Mark (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The active labor market policy has been used to reduce the duration of unemployment in Sweden. The lifetime employment system has been used to lower the incidence of unemployment in Japan. Emulating Japan and Sweden could prove difficult, since their policies reflect and reinforce employment interests that are very different from Canada's. As a result, neither lifetime employment nor active labor market policy is transferable to Canada without major modifications to suit the stakeholder interests of Canadian unions, employers, and employees.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employment; Government aid; International; LABOR supply; Labor Unions; Labor economics; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Unemployment

La sociologie des entreprises - Harrisson, Denis (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "La sociiologie des entreprises," by Philippe Bernoux.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Canadian Labour Movement: A Brief History - Heron, Craig (Lorimer, 1996)
Recounts the story of labour from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. A masterful overview that encompasses all regions of the country, the book paints a vivid portrait of labour's varied past, covering the birth of craft unionism prior to World War I, the setbacks of the interwar years, and the post-World War II breakthrough that gave unions a permanent, if still constrained, place in the national economy. In its analysis of the more recent past, the book ranges just as widely, discussing everything from the organization of public sector employees in the sixties to the anti-free-trade coalitions of the eighties and the massive layoffs of the nineties. --Publisher's description
Keywords: Canada; History; Labor unions; Labor unions Canada History; Syndicats Canada Histoire

Worker's History Finds a Home [ontario Worker's Arts and Heritage Centre] - Heron, Craig (Bulletin of the Canadian Historical Association, 1996)
Recently the Toronto Star ran a story about a lavish new lakefront housing development in the eastern suburbs of Toronto owned by one of the Bronfman companies. Under the quaint name of “Port Union Village,” the developer is resurrecting the long-forgotten history of a tiny port that had existed on the spot in the nineteenth century in order to sell a myth of rural gentility in the 1990s. What the story failed to explain was that the new houses were rising on the site of the infamous Canadian Johns- Manville Company, where from the 1940s to the 1970s several hundred workers worked with asbestos. By 1980 43 CJM employées were dead of asbestos-related diseases. The company’s long suppression of information about these hazards became a national scandai before it collapsed into bankruptcy beneath a flood of lawsuits. The Star was thus complic- it in suppressing the memory of a significant industrial workplace, of the organized reistance of the men who worked there and the workplace culture that sustained them, and of their life with family and neighbours beyond the factory walls. For the residents of this new suburb, there never was a working-class expérience here (they might start asking questions when they find the asbestos in their backyard gardens).The Ontario Worker’s Arts and Heritage Centre exists so that this kind of historical white-washing and collective amnesia will not continue to take place. --Introduction

The Craftsmen's Spectacle: Labour Day Parades in Canada, the Early Years - Heron, Craig; Penfold, Steve (Histoire sociale / Social History, 1996)
Labour Day became a statutory holiday in Canada in 1894, but labour days and craftsmen’s parades had been summer events in several Canadian cities and towns for a number of years. Its creation as an official holiday responded to two demands: one for public recognition of organized labour and its important role, and another for release from the pressures of work in capitalist industry. It was up to unions, however, to produce the parades and shape the day’s events, and this task could prove to be too much for local workers’ movements with limited resources. The tension between celebration and leisure eventually undermined the original grand ideals, as wage-earners and their families began to spend Labour Day pursuing private pleasures rather than participating in a display of cultural solidarity.

Native Wage Labour and Independent Production during the 'Era of Irrelevance.' - High, Steven C. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Despite the inadequacies of the historiography, a growing number of anthropologists, economists, geographers, sociologists, and historians have taken an interest in native wage earners and independent producers since the publication of Rolf Knight's "Indians at Work" in 1978. This paper will discuss the existing literature (as it relates to our understanding of native labour history), the various methodological approaches involved, the changing nature of sources, and some of the opportunities for research. In doing so, I will demonstrate that there is an emerging consensus that aboriginal peoples not only participated in the capitalist economy during [the] so-called "era of irrelevance," [i.e., since the mid-19th century] but did so selectively in order to strengthen their traditional way of life. Native efforts to incorporate aspects of the capitalist economy into their seasonal round and their resistance to the government's assimilation policy laid the foundation for the future construction of the non-proletarian Amerindian worker. --From author's introduction
Keywords: CANNED foods industry; Canada; Capitalism; Fisheries; HIGH, Steven; INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas; Indigenous Peoples; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book)

From Haute Cuisine to Ox Roasts: Public Feasting and the Negotiation of Class in Mid-19th-Century Saint John and Halifax - Huskins, Bonnie (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The primary objective of this paper is to delineate a typology or hierarchy of public feasts in mid 19th-century Saint John and Halifax in order to show how we can use food and drink as markers of class and as instruments in the process of class formation. I will be considering such questions as: why did people in different classes partake of "victuals" and "spirits?" How does this reflect their different priorities and social practices at mid century? Emphasis will be placed on public secular feasts -- that is, the banquet, ox roast, institutional repast, and tea and coffee soirée -- which were held to commemorate royal and patriotic anniversaries. It is only through these local micro-studies that we can effectively "get at" the meanings associated with food and drink.
Keywords: ANNIVERSARIES; BEVERAGES; COOKING (Coffee); COOKING (Tea); FASTS & feasts; Food; TYPOLOGY (Psychology)

The Distribution of Investment Risk in Defined Benefit Pension Plans - Hyatt, Douglas E.; Pesando, James E. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The "textbook" description is that members of defined benefit plans bear no investment risk, in sharp contrast to members of defined contribution plans. Three sources of empirical evidence are used to support the proposition that employees do bear at least some of the investment risk associated with pension fund performance. Poor fund performance leads to larger employer contributions to maintain the defined benefit obligation and this in turn leads to lower levels of other forms of compensation. It is concluded that risk-shifting does occur, in at least some plans, and that the textbook distinction is overstated.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Defined benefit plans; Investments; Labor Unions; Pension funds; Portfolio performance; Risk assessment; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Statistical analysis; Studies

Women's History, Gender History and Debating Dichotomies - Iacovetta, Franca; Kealey, Linda (Left History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Historical Inquiry and Debate, 1996)
Joan Sangster's "Beyond Dichotomies" (left history, 3.1, Spring/Summer 1995) is a polemic on the relationship between women's history and gender history. As such, it tends to bring out issues and highlight debates but, at the same time, it sometimes inevitably simplifies and potentially misrepresents in order to address important points. As friends and colleagues, we would like to take issue with some of the assertions and suggestions made in Sangster's piece. We think it is important to debate these issues and we hope to make a contribution. Such issues are central in feminist historical debates internationally and, while individuals who write Canadian women's history and gender history have clearly borrowed from the intemational literature, there has been no sustained Canadian "debate," at least not in print. --Introduction

Italian Radicals in Canada: A Note on Sources in Italy - Iacovetta, Franca; Ventresca, Robert (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Discusses and provides examples of documentation of Italian radicals in Canada at the Casellario Politico Centrale (Rome), the files of which were extensive during the Fascist dictatorship in Italy (1922-43) since the regime wanted to identify and monitor its opponents. Argues that these materials may be used to write the history of the Italian left/anti-Fascism in Canada as well as contributing to studies of Canadian labour/immigration history and the international anti-fascist movement.
Keywords: Canada; EMIGRATION & immigration; FILES (Records); History; IACOVETTA, Franca; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); Labor; RADICALS; VENTRESCA, Robert

Arvida au Saguenay : naissance d'une ville industrielle - Igartua, José E. (Studies on the history of Quebec, 1996)
Fondée en 1925, la ville d'Arvida est née de la nécessité de fournir de la main-d'oeuvre à l'usine Alcan qui venait de s'implanter sur les rives du Saguenay. L'arrivée de la grande enterprise dans le Québec rural a conduit au téléscopage de deux cultures: la culture industrielle moderne de l'Amérique du Nord Anglophone et la culture rurale traditionelle du Québec francophone. Arvida est un véritable microcosme de la naissance d'une ville industrielle et du développement de l'identité communautaire de sa population. José Igartua s'intéresse tout particulièrement au movement ouvrier local qui a atteint son apogée lors de la célèbre grève sauvage de 1941, démontrant que la lutte pour l'action collective a marqué un tournant dans l'épanouissement de la conscience communautaire. --Résumé de l'éditeur
Keywords: Arvida (Saguenay, Québec) Economic conditions; Economic history; History; Québec Arvida (Saguenay); Québec Saguenay; Travailleurs Québec (Province) Saguenay Histoire; Working class; Working class Québec (Province) Saguenay History

Continuities and Discontinuities: The Political Economy of Social Welfare and Labour Market Policy in Canada - Irving, Allan (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Continuities and Discontinuities: The Political Economy of Social Welfare and Labour Market Policy in Canada," edited by Andrew F. Johnson, Stephen McBride and Patrick J. Smith.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CONTINUITIES & Discontinuities: The Political Economy of Social Welfare & Labour Market Policy in Canada (Book); EMPLOYMENT policy; JOHNSON, Andrew F.; MCBRIDE, Stephen; Nonfiction; SMITH, Patrick J.

Labour and Politics in Canada and Australia: Towards a Comparative Approach to Developments to 1960 - Irving, Terry; Seager, Allen (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
This chapter seeks to move the discussion of labour and politics beyond the contest of political ideologies in the movement and the constraints of the liberal democratic state. To explain the different political histories of the Australian and Canadian movements we use a model with three dimensions: the changing balance between labour and politics; the different social forces that labour seeks to represent; and the different conceptions of politics that labour holds. After a discussion of the literature on labour and politics in the two countries, the paper applies this model to distinguish two periods, a formative period up to the early 1920s, in which labour entered politics. and the period from the 1920s to the 1950s when parties or governments took politics into the labour movement. The model enables us to characterize the politics of the Australian Labor Party as a form of class-based labourism, with significant moments of working-class socialism. We characterize the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation/New Democratic Party as a form of populist socialism. The paper concludes with some insights gained from using a common model in a comparative exercise.
Keywords: AUSTRALIA; Canada; Labor movement; Political parties; SOCIAL forces; SOCIALISM & literature

L'historiographie du mouvement ouvrier suisse - Jost, Hans Ulrich (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Discusses the history and historiography of the Swiss labour movement with reference to defining events such as the 1848 civil war, the 1918 general strike, the growth of the political left, and the student radicalism of the 1960s. Concludes that although substantial scholarship has emerged since the 1960s, there is still much work to be done, such as women in the labour movement and studies that integrate the rich and varied history of the working class, including the relationship with Swiss bourgeois society.

Individual-Level Determinants of Employee Shirking - Judge, Timothy A.; Chandler, Timothy D. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Employee shirking, where workers give less than full effort to the job, has typically been investigated as a construct subject to organization-level influences. Neglected are individual differences that could explain why employees in the same organization or work-group might shirk. Using a sample of workers from the health care profession in the US, a new study sought to address these limitations by investigating subjective well-being (a dispositional construct), job satisfaction, as well as other individual-level determinants of shirking. Results indicate that whites shirk significantly more than nonwhites, and that subjective well-being, job satisfaction, and age have significant, negative effects on shirking. The implications of these results are discussed.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employee attitude; Employee morale; Health care industry; Job satisfaction; Labor Unions; Organizational behavior; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies; Time management

The Infernal Machine - Kaplan, William (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "The Infernal Machine," by Larry Hannant.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Communism; HANNANT, Larry; INFERNAL Machine, The (Book); Nonfiction

The Evolution of Dispute Resolution, Negotiation, and Mediation in Greece - Karassavidou, Eleonora; Markovits, Yannis (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
A 4-phase theory of industrial relations evolution is formulated so as to obtain a deeper understanding of contemporary developments in industrial relations, as well as to situate the pattern of Greek industrial relations prior to 1990. Greece initiated a "U-turn" in its industrial relations system in the 1990s. The institutionalization of free collective bargaining, 3rd-party intervention on a voluntary basis, and the establishment of the Organization of Mediation and Arbitration (OMED) form the core of the new status quo in employee-employer relations in Greece. A general evaluation of the 3 years' experience of OMED indicates that a gradual, positive change in the atmosphere of the Greek industrial relations appears to have taken place. However, the transition from a long-standing low-trust and authoritarian industrial relations pattern requires the diffusion of new knowledge and experience, changes in cultures and support from multiple sources.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Collective bargaining; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Mediation; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Theory

Global Perspectives on Organizational Conflict - Kervin, John (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Global Perspectives on Organizational Conflict," edited by M. Afzulur Rahim and Albert A. Blum.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; International; Labor Unions; Organizational behavior; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Indians at Work: An Informal History of Native Labour in British Columbia, 1848-1930 - Knight, Rolf (New Star Books, 1996)
[P]rovides an historical background to native labour in BC from the Gold Rush to the beginning of the Great Depression. It counters the common misconception that native people responded to European settlement and industrial development by retreating to a reserve existence. Evidence amassed from logging, transport, construction, longshoring, commercial fishing and canning, and a host of other industries shows that native Indians played a significant role in British Columbia's economy from the moment the first European explorers appeared off the coast. --Publisher's description. A massively documented history of Native Indian wage labour in British Columbia from initial European settlement in the mid 19th century to the beginning of the great depression. The first and as yet only historical study of Native Indian workers in Canada, it challenges many of the romantic misconceptions which have developed over the years. An expanded version of a title originally published in 1978. --Author's description
Keywords: British Columbia. Indians of North America; British Columbia. Labor supply; Employment; Employment. Labor supply; Indians of North America

Launching a Renaissance in International Industrial Relations Research - Kochan, Thomas A. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The presidential address at the 10th World Congress of the International Industrial Relations Association (IIRA) is presented. The IIRA is well on its way to inventing the institutions, policies and practices that can meet the full range of concerns of the diverse parties found in the workplace today and tomorrow. Given the resurgence in research, policy debates and innovations in practices, the contours of a new paradigm is emerging for international industrial relations.
Keywords: Associations; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Conferences; International; Labor Unions; Labor relations; R&D; Research & development; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Our History: The Ukrainian Labour-Farmer Movement in Canada, 1907-1991 - Kravchuk, Petro (Lugus Publications, 1996)
Discusses the origins and history of the Association of United Ukrainian Canadians, a progressive organization founded in 1918 as the Ukrainian Temple Labour Association.

Canadian Auto Workers: The Birth and Transformation of a Union - Kumar, Pradeep (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Canadian Auto Workers: The Birth and Transformation of a Union," by Sam Gindin.
Keywords: AUTOMOBILE industry; Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Immigration and Labour: Australia and Canada Compared - Lacovetta, Franca; Quinlan, Michael; Radforth, Ian (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
No persuasive account of labour in Australia and Canada can ignore the impact that immigration has wrought on the composition of the working class and preoccupations of workers, unions, and the varied political parties they have sponsored. Highlighting both similarities and differences between countries, the paper explores the paradoxical relationship that immigration has had with the labour movements of Australia and Canada. Although immigrants have been a critical source of union recruits, new ideas, and leaders (this being especially true for British skilled men), their presence was also long a source of concern, chauvinism, and division within predominantly white, Anglo-Celtic, and male-dominated union movements that adopted exclusionary policies, particularly regarding Asian and continental European workers. A more recent shift towards non-racist and inclusive policies unfortunately has not obliterated labour segmentation along racial and ethnic lines, especially job ghettos for immigrant women. Meanwhile, global restructuring and the loss of hard-earned union protections have increased immigrant workers' historic vulnerability. In explaining differences in the two countries -for example, Australia's greater 'success' at restricting non-white immigration before 1945 and Canada's earlier experience with a racially diverse work force - the paper cautions against easy generalizations, pointing instead to a series of historically contingent factors (such as 'accidents' of geography and differing political developments) that on some occasions led to rather different outcomes.
Keywords: AUSTRALIA; Canada; EMIGRATION & immigration; LABOR supply; Labor movement; POLITICAL development; Social classes

Sociologie des relations professionnelles - Laflamme, Gilles (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Sociologie des relations professionnelles," by Michel Lallement.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Le système de relations professionnelles allemand à l'épreuve de la réunification - Lallement, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Comme dans de nombreux autres pays industrialisés, l'on assiste en Allemagne, depuis une dizaine d'années, à une nouvelle donne des relations professionnelles sous l'influence notamment des politiques de flexibilité du travail. La réunification entamée en 1989 a également contribué, pour sa part, à modifier les relations collectives de travail. Centré sur les mutations en cours, cet article met en évidence les limites du transfert institutionnel du système de relations professionnelles de l'Ouest vers l'Allemagne oriental et montre, qu'en dépit de telles difficultés, la réunification a contribué à accentuer le processus de décentralisation des négociations collectives qui était déjà perceptible en R.F.A. avant 1989.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Effects of Strike Participation on the Political Consciousness of Canadian Postal Workers - Langford, Tom (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Marxists have long argued that major strikes produce an explosion of workers' class consciousness. A study discusses some weaknesses of the explosion-of-consciousness thesis, and tests research hypotheses using data from a case study of the 1987 strike by the Hamilton local of the Canadian Union of Postal Workers. A major finding is that an increase in a postal worker's negative attitudes toward out-groups did not necessarily go hand in hand with an increase in that striker's positive identifications with in-groups such as fellow workers, the local union and the labor movement. This supports treating the in-group and out-group dimensions of class consciousness as distinct. A second finding supports the hypothesis that an explosion of in-group consciousness due to inter-group conflict is more likely to occur among workers who are already identified with the in-group.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Effects; Labor Unions; Marxism; Participants; Postal & delivery services; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Social classes; Strikes; Studies

Reply to Martin Glaberman - Langford, Tom (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
Responds to Martin Glaberman's critique of his paper, "Strikes and Class Consciousness," published in the Fall 1994 issue. of Labour/Le Travail. Argues that his concept of class consciousness and collective struggle is at the individual, rather than the supraindividual level espoused by Glaberman and György Lukács. Also argues that history does not produce preordained outcomes such as workers' councils, only possibilities of what can be done, which is why he urged Canadian socialists to focus on activist workers who are broadly politicized, non-sectarian, and linked through community networks.
Keywords: Canada; Class consciousness; GLABERMAN, Martin; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); LANGFORD, Tom; LUKACS, Gyorgy, 1885-1971; STRIKES & lockouts; Socialism

L'impact de la réglementation en matière de santé et sécurité au travail sur le risque d'accident au Québec : de nouveaux résultats - Lanoie, Paul; Streliski, David (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Le présent article poursuit l'analyse, effectuée dans Lanoie (1992a), de l'effet conjoint des différentes mesures préventives et des interventions de la CSST sur les risques d'accident du travail au Québec, en élargissant la période étudiée (1983-90 au lieu de 1983-87), en ajoutant une autre catégorie d'accident — les incapacités permanentes — comme variable dépendante, et en réévaluant ces relations dans les secteurs à risque uniquement. Comme dans cette étude de Lanoie (1992a), nos résultats indiquent que les politiques adoptées au Québec ont, au mieux, engendré une diminution mineure de la fréquence des accidents durant cette période. Les faits marquants de cette étude sont l'impact constant, par rapport à 1987, des mesures d'intervention de la CSST sur la fréquence et la gravité des accidents dans l'ensemble des industries, l'effet plus prononcé des inspections sur la fréquence des accidents dans les secteurs à risque, et la relative inefficacité des mesures adoptées par la CSST à prévenir les accidents avec incapacité permanente.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Industrial accidents; Labor Unions; Laws & regulations; Occupational health & safety; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Statistics

Leadership, Social Support and Work Influence: A Study of the Group Form of Working in a Swedish Psychiatric Hospital - Lantz, Annika; Laflamme, Lucie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
A paper studies leadership, conditions of influence and effectiveness in workplaces where a group form has been chosen. The study focuses on the interaction within work groups and between employees working in groups and their immediate superiors in a Swedish psychiatric hospital. Its aims are to investigate the effect of this interaction on degree of influence over work and on preconditions for working effectively. An attempt to achieve these aims is made by obtaining a more refined picture of the relation between superior and subordinate. The results show that there is a relationship between the support and opportunities for development that subordinates receive from their superior and the support that subordinates themselves give to their superior. Further, there are positive relationships between, on the one hand, the volume of exchange of social support and, on the other, personal work influence and preconditions for working effectively.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Group dynamics; Groups; Hospitals; Labor Unions; Leadership; Management; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies; Supervisors; Teamwork

Unionization and Profitability in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector - Laporta, Pasquale; Jenkins, Alexander W. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
A study looks at the effects of unions on profitability in the Canadian manufacturing sector, taking into account structural factors such as concentration and entry barriers. It is found that, although there is a moderately positive relationship between unionization and profitability at low levels of concentration, at higher levels of concentration unions are able to extract an increasing proportion of incremental profits that the firm (industry) may earn, until any incremental profit (rent) associated with further increase in industry concentration is completely captured by the union. This may reflect a greater ability on the part of unions to organize and exercise bargaining power in concentrated industries and redistribute income from capital to labor, but it also leads to underproduction and resource misallocation.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Finance; Labor; Labor Unions; Manufacturers; Manufacturing; Profitability; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Standard deviation; Studies; Unionization

The Interaction of Production, Distribution, and Rule-Making Systems in Industrial Relations - Lee, Hyo Soo (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Research is viewed as a synthesis of production, distribution and rule-making systems (PDR systems), rather than regarding these 3 systems as independent forces. This PDR system theory focuses on the actors' strategic choices for the PDR systems, that is, subsystems of industrial relations system, and their interaction mechanisms. The contents and interactions of the PDR systems determine the performance levels of the organization - productivity, flexibility, innovation, fairness and satisfaction. This model can be used to analyze non-union workplaces as well as unionized settings by embracing collective bargaining as a subsystem of the rule-making system. The general framework of the model is illustrated by using data from a Korean automobile company, which is particularly well suited for this purpose since it reflects different combinations of different PDR practices over its history. The best practice of future industrial relations will be established by the PDR systems in which the creative humanware is maximized and actors spontaneously cooperative.
Keywords: AUTOMOBILE industry; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Human capital; Human resource management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Models; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Theory

Notebook [37, Spring 1996] - Leier, Mark (James Mark) (Labour/Le Travail, 1996)
Opens with a "labour quote" drawn from Jack London's "War of the Classes" (1905) and promises that this will be a "new and irregular" feature. Reports on varioius forthcoming conferences with labour/work themes.

Which Side Are They On? Thinking About The Labour Bureaucracy - Leier, Mark (James Mark) (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews and comments on the books, "Hoffa," by William Sloane, and "Labor Shall Rule: Sidney Hillman and the Rise of Labor," by Steven Fraser.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FRASER, Steven; HOFFA (Book); LABOR Shall Rule: Sidney Hillman & the Rise of Labor (Book); Nonfiction; SLOANE, William, 1906-1974

La médiation et le règlement des conflits dans les services essentiels au Québec - Lemieux, Madeleine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Le régime québécois de maintien des services essentiels accorde une place prépondérante à la responsabilité des parties. Il est basé d'abord et avant tout sur une recherche de consensus autant dans la détermination et le maintien des services essentiels que dans le règlement des conflits qui peuvent affecter le service au public. L'auteure présente d'abord le mandat et le cadre légal de l'exercice des pouvoirs du Conseil des services essentiels du Québec. Elle explique ensuite comment s'exerce la médiation et, finalement, examine comment la question de la détermination des services essentiels, selon une approche consensuelle, est traitée par d'autres juridictions canadiennes.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Lincoln, Land, and Labor, 1809-1860 - Levine, Bruce (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Lincoln, Land and Labor 1809-1860," by Olivier FrayssÉ.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FRAYSEE, Olivier; LINCOLN, Land & Labor 1809-1860 (Book); Labor; Nonfiction

The Effectiveness of Bill 70 and Joint Health and Safety Committees in Reducing Injuries in the Workplace: The Case of Ontario - Lewchuk, Wayne; Robb, A. Leslie; Walters, Vivienne (Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, 1996)
The shift towards the internal responsibility system and the mandating of Joint Health and Safety Committees in the early 1980s represented a radical departure in terms of how health and safety were regulated in the workplace. This paper examines the effectiveness of this institutional change using firm level data provided by the Worker's Compensation Board on lost time accidents from 1976 to 1989. It finds that where management and labour had some sympathy for the co-management of health and safety through joint committees, the new system significantly reduced lost-time accident rates. At workplaces where either labour or management resisted the spread of co-management the mandating of committees appears to have little effect on lost-time accident rates.

Crossing the Line: Unionized Employee Ownership and Investment Funds - Long, Richard J. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Crossing the Line: Unionized Employee Ownership and Investment Funds," by Jack Quarter.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employee ownership; Labor Unions; Labor-sponsored investment funds; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Work, Employment and Unionization in Transition Houses: A Case Study of One Canadian Province - MacDonald, M. Maureen (University of Warwick, 1996)
Transition houses are small feminist organizations, providing emergency shelter to women and children who have been abused. They also are workplaces whose social organization divides women as managers and workers. This research, an institutional ethnographic case-study of nine transition houses in one Canadian province, examines how relations between the state and transition house have led to greater institutional power and control over transition house work, by women who are paid managers. This results in a reconstituted struggle for equality between women inside these settings. Mangerialism in the Canadian transition house movement has not been theorized.The argument advanced here is that conflict between workers and managers in transition houses is an inevitable outcome of the on-going struggle to develop feminist praxis within contradictory relations, shaped and influenced by transition house/state relations, dominant managerial discourses, and the exigencies of transition house work. In an attempt to resist and to limit managerial power and control over the labour process and over feminist praxis, transition house workers look for ways to develop their own collective power. Unionization as a vehicle for collective action is an obvious choice and it is one that transition house workers are pursuing.

Correlates of Certification Application Success in British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Manitoba - Martinello, Felice (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Time series data are used to estimate the effects of labor legislation, the political regime, and economic conditions on the proportion of certification applications granted. Applications filed with the British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba Labour Relations Boards (1951-1992) are considered and analyzed separately. Changes in labor legislation have the largest impact on certification application success in all 3 provinces. The political environment is estimated to be important in British Columbia, but not in Saskatchewan or Manitoba. Economic conditions affect certification success in Saskatchewan and to a lesser extent in British Columbia, but not in Manitoba. Large changes in economic conditions are estimated to have only small effects on the proportion of applications granted.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Correlation analysis; Labor Unions; Labor law; Politics; Regression analysis; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Time series

Local Union Officers' Donations to a Political Action Committee - Master, Marick F.; Atkin, Robert S. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
During the 1980s, unions in the US significantly increased their political activity. An important aspect of this effort is contributing money to congressional and presidential candidates through political action committees (PAC). A paper examines the PAC donations among a sample of elected local union officers of the United Steelworkers of America (USW). The descriptive results show significant variation in officers' PAC donations. Regression analyses show that union commitment is a significant predictor of PAC support as is location in a non-right-to-work state. The results have implications for promoting union PAC fundraising efforts, and hence the potential of US unions to rely on political action as a strategy for resurgence.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Business-government relations; Campaign contributions; Labor Unions; Political action committees; Political activities; Regression analysis; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies

Temps partiel et précarité - Mayer, Francine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Ce texte utilise les données de l'Enquête sur l'activité de Statistique Canada pour les années 1988-89 pour examiner la question de la précarité liée au temps partiel dans une perspective longitudinale. Il propose comme indicateur de la précarité liée au temps partiel, la discontinuité dans l'emploi, notamment les risques de sortie hors emploi et les difficultés d'accès ou de retour au temps complet. Il trouve que (i) l'emploi à temps partiel est plus généralement lié aux discontinuités d'emploi que le temps complet, (ii) les risques de sortie d'emploi sont accrus chez les salariés à temps partiel, (iii) les femmes subissent davantage que les hommes la précarité liée au temps partiel. Chez elles, les facteurs susceptibles d'accroître les risques de précarité liée au temps partiel sont la responsabilité d'enfants d'âge préscolaire, une scolarité insuffisante et des horaires de travail qui les éloignent d'une situation de temps complet.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Riots in new Brunswick: Orange Nativism and Social Violence in the 1840s - McCarthy, Maureen (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Riots in New Brunswick: Orange Nativism and Social Violence in the 1840s," by Scott W. See.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Nonfiction; RIOTS in New Brunswick: Orange Nativism & Social Violence in the 1840s (Book); Riots; SEE, Scott W.

Making Vancouver: Class, Status, and Social Boundaries, 1863-1913 - McDonald, Robert A. J. (UBC Press, 1996)
Making Vancouver is about the people of Vancouver, British Columbia. It traces the social transformation of the city and points out how Shaughnessy Heights lumber barons, Mount Pleasant trades people, and East End labourers were part of a complex society whose members exhibited sharp differences in attitudes and behaviour. In Making Vancouver, Robert McDonald depicts a western city that was neither egalitarian nor closed to opportunity. Vancouver up to the crash of 1913 was a dynamic centre. The rapidity of growth, easy access to resources, a narrow industrial base, and the homogeneous nature of its population, the majority of which was of British birth, softened the thrust towards class division inherent in capitalism. Far more powerful in directing social relations was the quest for status, creating a social structure that was no less hierarchical than that predicted by class theory but much more fluid. The social boundary that separated the working class from others is revealed as a division that for much of the pre-war boom period divided Vancouver society more fundamentally than the boundary separating labour from capital. --Publisher's description
Keywords: 15.85 history of America; British Columbia Vancouver; Canada; Classes sociales Colombie-Britannique Vancouver Histoire; History; Social classes; Social classes -- British Columbia -- Vancouver -- History; Social classes British Columbia Vancouver History; Social conditions; Sociale geschiedenis; Sozialgeschichte 1883-1913; Vancouver; Vancouver (B.C.) -- History; Vancouver (B.C.) -- Social conditions; Vancouver (B.C.) History; Vancouver (B.C.) Social conditions; Vancouver (C.-B.) Conditions sociales; Vancouver (C.-B.) Histoire

Gender, Race, and Policy: Aboriginal Women and the State in Canada and Australia - McGrath, Ann; Stevenson, Winona (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
This article examines the history of colonial and national policies towards indigenous peoples in Australia and Canada during the 19th and 20th centuries. It is specifically concerned with the ways in which such legislation affected Aboriginal women. In attempting to provide a comparative assessment of the "statutory subjugation" of Aboriginal women, the article examines the law's definition of identity and band membership; enfranchisement and assimilation; personal autonomy (marriage, divorce, sexuality, motherhood); private and personal property; and political reorganization. It concludes that gender and race were key determinants of government policy in both countries, and that under the Canadian Indian Act and Australian Aboriginal Acts, women, in particular, suffered a great decline in status and severe limitations of autonomy. But the failure of state policies to bring about the complete degradation of Aboriginal women in particular, and Aboriginal peoples in general, suggests that there were forces operating to "destabilize ... hegemonic colonial control." Competing colonial values, collective resistance of Aboriginal societies, and the individual contestations of both colonizer and colonized, in the end, undermined imperial objectives.
Keywords: ABSTRACTS; Social policy

Harnessing Confrontation: The Growth and Consolidation of Industrial Legality in Canada, 1943-1950 - McInnis, Peter S. (Peter Stuart) (Queen's University, 1996)
This study examines the critical years in which the Canadian industrial relations system assumed many of its lasting characteristics. Specifically, it explores the actions of management, unions, and the federal state under the exceptional conditions of the wartime "command economy" and later, with the transition back to a peacetime footing. Frustrated with the inadequacy of existing collective bargaining legislation, and sensing that this period signalled a realignment in the labour-capital relationship, Canadian workers took advantage of special wartime conditions to press home their demands for basic workplace rights framed by a more equitable labour code. The result of this campaign was the establishment of a new legal framework which defined the respective roles for all three groups over the next thirty years. Of particular importance is an investigation of the ambivalent legacy achieved by the Canadian labour movement with its pursuit of the essential rights of free association and collective bargaining. Building on the intense workplace struggles of the war years, labour pushed federal authorities to support mandatory collective bargaining, compulsory wage deductions of union dues, finally entrenching these reforms under the Industrial Relations and Disputes Investigation Act (1948).
Keywords: Social sciences; labor; management; unions; workplace rights

For a Working-Class Culture in Canada: a Selection of Colin McKay's Writings on Sociology and Political Economy, 1897-1939 - McKay, Colin (Past CCLH Publications, 1996)
This book sets out to present the economic and social writings of Colin McKay, a pioneer Marxian sociologist and economist in Canada (and no relation to the author), and to place McKay in the context of the international socialist tradition. The manuscript takes the form of an extensive biographical essay, five substantive sections that present and examine McKay's thought both thematically and chronologically, and a concluding essay that places McKay's thought in the context of contemporary discussions with regard to the "decline of Marx" in the late 20th century. Colin McKays's life and work determines the scope of the manuscript, but since this "life and work" extended to subjects as varies as the limitations of Kantian philosophy and the design of North Atlantic schooners, the book is rather less narrow than it might appear at first. --Publisher's description
Keywords: Arbeidersklasse; Canada; Conditions sociales; Histoire; History; Industrial relations; Relations industrielles; Social conditions; Travailleurs; Working class

How to Work: Motherhood and the Politics of Industrial Homework in the United States - Meyerowitz, Joanne (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Home to Work: Motherhood and the Politics of Industrial Homework in the United States," Eileen Boris.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; BORIS, Eileen; HOME labor; HOME to Work: Motherhood & the Politics of Industrial Homework in the United States (Book); Nonfiction

Under the Stars: Essays on Labor Relations in Arts and Entertainment - Michelson, Grant (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Under the Stars: Essays on Labor Relations in Arts and Entertainment," edited by Lois S. Gray and Ronald L. Seeber.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Entertainment industry; Essays; Fine arts; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

The Marxists and the Jewish Question: The History of a Debate (1843-1943) - Mitchell, Harvey (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "The Marxists and the Jewish Question: The History of a Debate (1843-1943)," by Enzo Traverso.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Communists; MARXISTS & the Jewish Question: The History of a Debate 1843-1943, The (Book); Nonfiction; TRAVERSO, Enzo

Families in the Souris Coalfields, 1925-1935 - Morier, Christopher David (University of Saskatchewan, 1996)
This study of families in the Souris coalfields in southeastern Saskatchewan in the 1920s and 1930s argues that women and children in the mine communities were active and enterprising individuals. In the absence of modem-day conveniences and comforts, families in the mine camps devised a variety of strategies and techniques for survival. Perseverance and hardiness marked these coal families, and a strong and able wife and mother was vital to a family's independence, empowerment, and survival. Such women were commonplace in the Souris coal camps, and mining families were characterized by an ability to adapt, respond, and adjust to demands and circumstances of the mining lifestyle. Interviews with ex-coal camp residents provide much of the information in this study. While historians of deep-seam coal mines across Canada are quite correct in emphasizing the grueling, dangerous, and demanding working conditions of the underground miners, coal communities above-ground deserve recognition as dynamic and active entities as well. Traditional labour-focused examinations of the coal industry fail to acknowledge that male miners were members of a minority group in the Souris coal camps - women and children made up the bulk of the population, and played important roles in the communities. These camps were home to hundreds of hardworking and practical families, and this thesis recognizes the independence and tolerable lifestyles that these families strove to achieve.

Le salarié, nouvelle conception civiliste ! - Morin, Fernand (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Dans quelle mesure le Code civil du Québec de 1994 retient-il une nouvelle conception du salarié ? Les treize dispositions (articles 2085 à 2097 C.c.Q.) qui traitent directement du salarié et de l'employeur sont-elles à ce point différentes qu'il nous faudrait reconsidérer les bases juridiques de la relation de travail ? Pour répondre à de telles questions, l'auteur rappelle la conception du salarié retenue au Code civil du Bas-Canada (1866) de manière à mieux saisir l'importance des modifications apportées en 1994. En un deuxième temps, une analyse critique de ces treize dispositions nouvelles lui permet de distinguer ce qui serait vraiment nouveau et aussi ce qui lui apparaît comme de simples mises en forme de l'état du droit au moment de cette codification. En cette période de changements profonds des «modes d'emploi», il importe de saisir la portée réelle ou virtuelle de toutes les modifications effectuées à la définition du salarié, base fondamentale du droit du travail.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Cheap Wage Labour: Race and Gender in the Fisheries of British Columbia - Muszynska, Alicja (McGill-Queen's University Press, 1996)
An important new critique of Marx's labour theory of value. Using the fishing industry in British Columbia as a case study, Alicja Muszynski explores how Marx's labour theory of value can be applied to a specific industry and the creation of a specific labour force. She reworks Marx's theory in order to incorporate race and gender as principles that not only created a proletarianized labour force but also legitimized the payment of low wages to particular groups. Cheap Wage Labour is the first analysis of shore work and shore-workers in British Columbia from the 1860s to the mid-1980s. Muszynski provides an interpretation of the events that led to the creation of a cheap wage labour force of shoreworkers, shows how they organized within the framework of the fishermen's union (the UFAWU), and explains how as a consequence their numbers steadily shrank until today they represent only a small portion of the labour force. She looks at factors contributing to the destruction of First Nations culture and economy, such as the displacement of aboriginal peoples from key fishing sites and from working in the salmon canneries, and examines the structure and patterns of Chinese and Japanese immigration and the development of the capitalist class and the white working class. Cheap Wage Labour situates the history of B.C. shoreworkers within the much larger and complex historical enterprise of industrialization, patriarchy, colonialism, and imperialism and provides keen insights into the current fisheries crisis on the West Coast. --Publisher's description. Contents: Introduction: The Problematic -- Marx's Labour Theory of Value: A Critique -- Patriarchy and Capitalism -- The First Nations, Property Rights, and Salmon Canning -- The Dialectics of Cheap Wage Labour -- Organized Resistance: The United Fishermen and Allied Workers Union -- -- State, Labour, and Capital -- Conclusion: Marx's Labour Theory of Value Reconsidered -- Appendix: J.H. Todd & Sons Ltd.

Modern Capitalism: Privatization, Employee Ownership and Industrial Democracy - Nadeau, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Modern Capitalism: Privatization, Employee Ownership and Industrial Democracy," by Nicholas V. Gianaris.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employee ownership; Employees; Labor Unions; Participatory management; Privatization; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

The Limits of Affluence: Welfare in Ontario, 1920-1970 - Nelles, H. V. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "The Limits of Affluence: Welfare in Ontario 1920-1970," by James Struthers.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; LIMITS of Affluence: Welfare in Ontario 1920-1970, The (Book); Nonfiction; PUBLIC welfare; STRUTHERS, James

In the Skin of a Lion: A Novel - Ondaatje, Michael (Penguin Random House Canada, 1996)
n the Skin of a Lion is a love story and an irresistible mystery set in the turbulent, muscular new world of Toronto in the 20s and 30s. Michael Ondaatje entwines adventure, romance and history, real and invented, enmeshing us in the lives of the immigrants who built the city and those who dreamed it into being: the politically powerful, the anarchists, bridge builders and tunnellers, a vanished millionaire and his mistress, a rescued nun and a thief who leads a charmed life. This is a haunting tale of passion, privilege and biting physical labour, of men and women moved by compassion and driven by the power of dreams—sometimes even to murder. --Publisher's description
Keywords: Fiction; Love stories; Ontario Toronto; Poor; Social Class and Equality; Toronto (Ont.)

Un État réduit? A Down-Sized State? - Ouimet, Gérard (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Un État réduit? A Down-Sized State?," edited by Robert Bernier and James Iain Gow.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Forging American Communism: The Life of William Z. Foster - Palmer, Bryan D. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Forging American Communism: The Life of William Z. Foster," by Edward P. Johanningsmeier.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Communism; FORGING American Communism: The Life of William Z. Foster (Book); JOHANNINGSMEIER, Edward P.; Nonfiction; United States

Nineteenth-Century Canada and Australia: The Paradoxes of Class Formation - Palmer, Bryan D. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
This speculative essay presents a preliminary statement on the paradoxical character of 19th-century class formation in the two white settler dominions of Canada and Australia. Outposts of empire, these social formations were early regarded with disdain, the one a classic mercantilist harvester of fish, fur, and wood, the other a dumping ground for convicts. By the mid-to-late 19th-century, however, Canada and Australia were the richest of colonies. Within their distinctive cultures and political economies, both supposedly dominated by staples, emerged working classes that were simultaneously combatative and accommodated. By the 1880s impressive organizational gains had been registered by labour in both countries, but the achievements of class were conditioned by particular relations of fragmentation, including those of 'race' and gender.
Keywords: AUSTRALIA; CLASS analysis; Canada; Class formation; INTERGENERATIONAL mobility; SOCIAL forces; Working class

Changing Women, Changing History: A Bibliography of the History of Women in Canada - Pedersen, Diana L. (Diana Lynn) (Women's experience series, 1996)
Changing Women, Changing History is a bibliographic guide to the scholarship, both English and French, on Canadian's women's history. Organized under broad subject headings, and accompanied by author and subject indices it is accessible and comprehensive. [Includes sections on Families/Life stages, Unions/Labour activism, and Work/Economy.] --Publisher's description
Keywords: Women -- Canada -- History -- Bibliography

Separate Spheres: Women's Worlds in the 19th-Century Maritimes - Penfold, Steve (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Separate Spheres: Women's Worlds in the 19th-Century Maritimes," by Janet Guildford and Suzanne Morton.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; GUILDFORD, Janet; MORTON, Suzanne; Maritime Provinces; Nonfiction; SEPARATE Spheres: Women's Worlds in the 19th Century Maritimes (Book)

Radicals of the Worst Sort: Laboring Women in Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1860-1912 - Perry, Adele (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Radicals of the Worst Sort: Laboring Women in Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1860-1912," by Ardis Cameron.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CAMERON, Ardis; Nonfiction; RADICALS; RADICALS of the Worst Sort: Laboring Women in Lawrence, Massachusetts 1860-1912 (Book)

La judiciarisation de l'arbitrage de grief - Plante, Gilles (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "La judiciarisation de l'arbitrage de grief," by Rodrigue Blouin.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Public Sector Collective Bargaining in Canada: Beginning of the End or End of the Beginning - Ponak, Allen (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "100 Public Sector Collective Bargaining in Canada: Beginning of the End or End of the Beginning," by Gene Swimmer and Mark Thompson.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Civil service; Collective bargaining; Labor Unions; Public sector; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Human Resource Management: A Critical Text - Poole, Michael (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Human Resource Management: A Critical Text," edited by John Storey.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Human resource management; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Strategies of Survival Among Illegal Migrants in Montreal - Raposo, Cremilde (Concordia University, 1996)
This thesis using a case study approach examines the migration and employment strategies of illegal migrants in the labour market in Montreal. The migratory flows discussed are permanent in nature. The thesis also examines the role of networks in initiating the migration process and in securing employment in Montreal. It includes an examination of the conditions of employment and the sectors of employment. It argues that illegal migrants work in the secondary labour market, that is on the fringes of the formal economy or in the informal economy. Income disparities between North and South countries ensure that migrants continue to live and work illegally in Montreal. This raises a discussion of the strategies used by migrants to change their status to a legal status. The thesis discusses the experiences of both women and men. It posits the view that women are migrant workers in their own right and not only as dependents of male migrants. This is attributed to the increase in service sector jobs and the increased demand for paid domestic labor in the Canadian economy. It is concluded that immigration policies allow and maintain illegal migration and that there is a demand for this kind of labour in the Montreal economy. Furthermore, illegal migrants fulfill a particular labour market need.

By the Sweat of the Brow: Literature and Labor in Antebellum America - Rodgers, Daniel T. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "By the Sweat of the Brow: Literature and Labor in Antebellum America," by Nicholas K. Bromell.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; BROMELL, Nicholas K.; BY the Sweat of the Brow: Literature & Labor in Antebellum America (Book); Labor; Nonfiction

Organized Labor in the Asia Pacific Region: A Comparative Study of Trade Unionism in Nine Countries - Rodgers, Ronald A. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Organized Labor in the Asia Pacific Region: A Comparative Study of Trade Unionism in Nine Countries," edited by Stephen Frenkel.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FRENKEL, Stephen; Labor; Nonfiction; ORGANIZED Labor in the Asia Pacific Region: A Comparative Study of Trade Unionism in Nine Countries (Book)

Union-Management Relations in Canada, 3rd edition - Rose, Joseph B. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Union-Management Relations in Canada," 3rd edition, by Morley Gunderson and Allen Ponak.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Settlement Rates and Settlement Stages in Compulsory Interest Arbitration - Rose, Joseph B.; Piczak, Michael (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
One of the prevailing concerns about compulsory interest arbitration is its possible effect on genuine collective bargaining. Numerous studies report overall settlement rates (i.e., the proportion of settlements achieve prior to the final impasse procedure) are lower in arbitration systems than in strike-based systems. A study attempts to provide a broader assessment of the effect of compulsory arbitration by calculating settlements rates for different settlement stages. Based on over 28,000 collective agreements negotiated in Ontario between 1982 and 1990, the results show that settlement rates were generally lower under arbitration. At the same time, settlement behavior varied considerably across arbitration systems. These differences are associated with specific institutional and organizational aspects in bargaining.
Keywords: Agreements; Arbitration; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Collective bargaining; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Rates; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies

Gender and History in Canada - Rosenfeld, Mark; Parr, Joy (New Canadian readings, 1996)
[This book] is a collection of essays that surveys the burgeoning field of gender history in a Canadian context. Spanning a period from seventeenth century to the 1960s, and covering the regions of Canada, the selections focus on different historical representations and pratices of feminity and masculinity. Historians in the field examine neglected dimensions, and challenge previous interpretations of Canada's past, highlighting the importance of gender relations to our understanding of racism, sexuality, national identity, popular culture, class conflict, government policy, and family in Canadian history. --Publisher's description.

Learning History America: Schools, Cultures, and Politics - Rosenzweig, Roy (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Learning History America: Schools, Cultures, and Politics," edited by Lloyd Kramer, Donald Reid and William L. Barney.
Keywords: BARNEY, William L.; BOOKS -- Reviews; History; KRAMER, Lloyd; LEARNING History America: Schools, Cultures & Politics (Book); Nonfiction; REID, Donald; United States

Qu'en est-il de la singularité québécoise en matière de syndicalisation ? - Rouillard, Jacques (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
Les médias font régulièrement référence au taux très élevé de syndicalisation au Québec qui ferait de la province un château fort du syndicalisme en Amérique du Nord. Cette opinion est fondée sur les estimations de la densité syndicale fournie par le ministère du Travail du Québec dans sa publication annuelle Les relations du travail. Une analyse critique des sources et de la méthodologie utilisée par cet organisme montre que ses évaluations depuis le début des années 1980 ont tendance à surestimer fortement la syndicalisation. Les estimés fournis par Statistique Canada (CALURA et enquêtes) permettent une meilleure approximation du taux de syndicalisation qui se situerait à environ 41 % en 1992. Parmi les provinces canadiennes, le Québec est dans le peloton de tête avec la Colombie-Britannique, mais derrière Terre-Neuve. Ce taux relativement élevé le place au dixième rang parmi les pays industrialisés en 1989.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Seafaring Labour: The Merchant Marine of Atlantic Canada, 1820-1914 - Sager, Eric W (McGill-Queen's University Press, 1996)
A compassionate look at the effect of industrialization on the individual lives of sailors, Sager argues that sailors were not misfits or outcasts but were divorced from society only by virtue of their occupation. The wooden ships were small communities at sea, fragments of normal society where workers lived, struggled, and often died. With the coming of the age of steam, the sailor became part of a new division of labour and a new social hierarchy at sea. Sager shows that the sailor was as integral to the transition to industrial capitalism as any land worker. --Publisher's description

Maynard Keynes, An Economist's Biography - Seccareccia, Mario (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Maynard Keynes: An Economist's Biography," by D. E. Moggridge.
Keywords: Biographies; Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Economists; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Common Labour: Workers and the Digging of North American Canals 1780-1860 - See, Scott W. (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Common Labour: Workers and the Digging of North American Canals 1780-1860," Peter Way.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; COMMON Labour: Workers & the Digging of North American Canals 1780-1860 (Book); Nonfiction; Skilled labor; WAY, Peter

Flexibility and Alternative Corporate Strategies - Sefertzi, Elena (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
This article discusses various and alternative forms of corporate strategy developed with respect to current industrial restructuring and transition towards flexible production. Corporate strategies are distinguished according the size of firms and their organizational structure. The point is not to establish an exhaustive typology of strategies but to elaborate the concept of variety in flexible organization of production and markets. For each type of corporate strategy four major options are analysed: interfirm networks, internal organization of production, labour market, and innovation. The article concludes that the strategic choices made by firms are influenced more by local socioeconomic factors than by global models which apply to all firms ' sites and operations.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Les apprentissages du changement dans l'entreprise - Séror, Ann C. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Les apprentissages du changement dans l'entreprise," by Nicole Fazzini-Feneyrol.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Technological change

Nouveaux modèles de négociation, de résolution de conflits et de solutions conjointes de problèmes : rapport général - Sexton, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
English title: New models of negotiations, dispute resolution and joint problem solving. Abstract: Conflicts, tension and disputes are at the heart of industrial relations. At the end of the day, understanding, preventing and finding solutions to them constitute the essential subject matter of industrial relations. This is nothing new, but what is new are the efforts of imagination and experimentation being made just about everywhere in the world to find new, effective means to achieve the very purpose of industrial relations, that is, the resolution of disputes. An evaluation of the results of these new methods is presented.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

On Strong Foundations: The BWIU and Industrial Relations in the Australian Construction Industry, 1942-1992 - Sexton, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "On strong foundations: the BWIU and industrial relations in the Australian construction industry, 1942-1992," by Glenn Mitchell.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Construction industry; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique - Shenton, Bob (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Against the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism and the Marxist Critique," by David McNally.
Keywords: AGAINST the Market: Political Economy, Market Socialism & the Marxist Critique (Book); BOOKS -- Reviews; MCNALLY, David; Nonfiction; Socialism

Quest of the Folk: Antimodernism and Cultural Selection in Twentieth-Century Nova Scotia - Shore, Marlene (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Separate Spheres: Women's Worlds in the 19th-Century Maritimes," by Ian McKay.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; MCKAY, Ian; Maritime Provinces; Nonfiction; SEPARATE Spheres: Women's Worlds in the 19th Century Maritimes (Book)

Different Places, Different Voices. Gender and Development in Africa, Asia and Latin America. (English) - Simard, Paule (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)

A History of the French Working Class. Vol. I/ The Age of Artisan Revolution 1815-1871, vol. II/Workers and the Bourgeois Republic 1871-1839 - Simoni, Pierre (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the books "A History of the French Working Class: The Age of Artisan Revolution 1815-1871," and "A History of the French Working Class: Workers and the Bourgeois Republic 1871-1839," by Roger Magraw.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; HISTORY of the French Working Class: The Age of Artisan Revolution 1815-1871, A (Book); HISTORY of the French Working Class: Workers & the Bourgeois Republic 1871-1939, A (Book); MAGRAW, Roger; Nonfiction

Industrialization and Labor Relations: Contemporary Research in Seven Countries - Slomp, Hans (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Industrialization and Labor Relations: Contemporary Research in Seven Countries," by Stephen Frenkel and Jeffrey Harrod.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Industrial development; International; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Manycountries; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

A World Remembered 1925-1950 - Smith, Allan (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "A World Remembered 1925-1950," by Bernard Smith.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Nonfiction; RIGHT & left (Political science); SMITH, Bernard, 1907-1999; WORLD Remembered 1925-1950, A (Book)

Workplace Industrial Relations and the Global Challenge - Thompson, Mark (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews thee book, "Workplace Industrial Relations and the Global Challenge," edited by Jacques Bélanger, P.K. Edwards and Larry Haiven.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Collective bargaining; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Le monde du travail au Québec : bibliographie = The World of Labour in Québec: Bibliography - Thwaites, James D.; Leblanc, André (Presses de l'Université du Québec, 1996)
5700 titres en francais et en anglais, mais aussi dans d'autres langues. Des milliers d'articles, de livres, de thèses, de documents audio et audiovisuels, ainsi que les journaux du monde ouvrier. Des sources essentielles pour tous ceux et celles qui s'intéressent au monde du travail. --Résumé de l'éditeur
Keywords: Bibliographies; Industrial relations; Industrial relations Québec (Province) Bibliography; Labor; Labor Québec (Province) Bibliography; Labor laws and legislation; Labor laws and legislation Québec (Province) Bibliography; Québec; Relations industrielles Québec (Province) Bibliographie; Syndicalism; Syndicalism Québec (Province) Bibliography; Syndicalisme Québec (Province) Bibliographie; Travail Québec (Province) Bibliographie; Work environment; Work environment Québec (Province) Bibliography

'As Their Natural Resources Fail': Native Peoples and the Economic History of Northern Manitoba, 1870-1930 - Tough, Frank (UBC Press, 1996)
In conventional histories of the Canadian prairies, Native people disappear from view after the Riel rebellions. In a fresh departure from traditional studies, Frank Tough examines the role of Native people, both Indian and Metis, in the economy of northern Manitoba from 1870 to the Depression. He argues that they did not become economically obsolete but rather played an important role in the transitional era between the mercantile fur trade and the emerging industrial economy of the mid-twentieth century. Tough reconstructs the traditional economy of the fur trade era and examines its evolution through reserve selection and settlement, scrip distribution, and the participation of Natives in the new resource industries of commercial fishing, transportation, and lumbering. His analysis clearly shows that Native people in northern Manitoba responded to the challenge of an expanding market economy in rational and enterprising ways, but that they were repeatedly obstructed by government policy. --Publisher's description. Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--York University. Contents: 1. 'To Look for Food Instead of Fur': Local Economies -- Indian Bands and Company Posts -- 2. 'The Only Remedy Is the Employment of Steam': Reorganizing the Regional System -- 3. 'Dependent on the Company's Provisions for Subsistence': The Decline of Kihchiwaskahikanihk (York Factory) -- 4. 'To Be Shut Up on a Small Reserve': Geographical and Economic Aspects of Indian Treaties -- 5. 'Lands Are Getting Poor in Hunting': Treaty Adhesions in Northern Manitoba -- 6. 'Terms and Conditions as May Be Deemed Expedient': Metis Aboriginal Title -- 7. 'Go and Pitch His Camp': Native Settlement Patterns and Indian Agriculture -- 8. 'Nothing to Make Up for the Great Loss of Winter Food': Resource Conflicts over Common-Property Fisheries -- 9. 'A Great Future Awaits This Section of Northern Manitoba': Economic Boom and Native Labour -- 10. 'They Make a Comfortable Living': Economic Change and Incomes. Includes bibliographical references (pages 334-363) and index.
Keywords: Canada; Conditions conomique. Autochtones; Conditions conomiques. Indiens; Conditions conomiques. Wirtschaft Indigenes Volk Geschichte 1870-1930. Native peoples; Economic conditions. Autochtones; Economic conditions. Economic history. Indians of North America. Indians of North America; Economic conditions. Native peoples; Histoire. Genre/Form: History; History. Autochtones; History. Indians of North America; Indians of North America; Manitoba; Manitoba (Nord); Manitoba, Northern

Forging Responsible Unions: Metal Workers and the Rise of the Labour Injunction in Canada - Tucker, Eric; Fudge, Judy (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
At the turn of the century, the legislative, administrative, and judicial branches of the Canadian state responded to the labour conflicts associated with the second industrial revolution by simultaneously expanding both their coercive and their facilitative roles. This paper examines one aspect of this development, the rise of the labour injunction, through a study of a series of strikes conducted chiefly by metal workers in south central Ontario between 1900 and 1914. In addition to retrieving the largely forgotten genealogy of a body of law that continues to play an important role in regulating and containing trade union activity, the study contributes insights into debates raging among labour historians regarding the role and significance of state institutions and public discourse in determining the trajectory and fate of organized labour.
Keywords: Canada; Labor; Labor Unions; Labor disputes; Ontario; STRIKES & lockouts

Free to Hate: The Rise of the Right in Post-Communist Eastern Europe - Varga, Ivan (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book "Free to Hate: The Rise of the Right in Post-Communist Eastern Europe," by Paul Hockenos.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Communism; EUROPE, Eastern; FREE to Hate: The Rise of the Right in Post-Communist Eastern Europe (Book); HOCKENOS, Paul; Nonfiction

La problématique du sida en milieu de travail : pour l'employé, l'employeur et les tiers - Veilleux, Diane (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "La problématique du sida en milieu de travail : pour l'employé, l'employeur et les tiers," by Sylvie Grégoire.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Making of Protective Labour Legislation in British Columbia: The 1912 Royal Commission on Labour and Its Aftermath - Venables, Kenneth A. (Simon Fraser University, 1996)

Perspectives occidentales du droit international des droits économiques de la personne - Verge, Pierre (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "Perspectives occidentales du droit international des droits économiques de la personne," by Lucie Lamarche.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work - Wager, W. Warren (Labour / Le Travail, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "The Jobless Future: Sci-Tech and the Dogma of Work," by Stanley Aronowitz and William DiFazio.
Keywords: ARONOWITZ, Stanley, 1933-; BOOKS -- Reviews; DIFAZIO, William; JOBLESS Future: Sci-Tech & the Dogma of Work, The (Book); Nonfiction; TECHNOLOGICAL innovations

The Politics of Difference and Inclusiveness within the Canadian Labour Movement - Warskelt, Rosemary (Economic and Industrial Democracy, 1996)
Times have changed for Canadian unions in a number of important ways. Economic restructuring has wrought fundamental transformations in workplaces, labour processes and hence in unions themselves. The union movement is now largely made up of Canadian unions rather than American/international unions. The feminization of the labour market over the last 20 years has also changed the membership of unions and their organizations. Yet there are important ways in which the union movement as a whole has not responded to these challenges. The problems derive in part from the fragmented structure of the Canadian labour movement. Yet the strategies adopted by liberal and union feminists, with their emphasis on legislative solutions, have also contributed to the marginalization of women from the unions' main business, collective bargaining.

Beyond Labor's Veil: The Culture of the Knights of Labor - Weir, Robert E. (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996)
The Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor was founded in 1869 as a secret fraternal order committed to the goal of uniting American labor. At its height in 1886, the Knights claimed the allegiance of perhaps a million workers. Despite a host of local studies by the new labor historians of the 1970s and 1980s, there has been no general study of the Knights since Norman Ware's 1929 book, and no one has ever attempted a comprehensive study of the culture of the organization. In Beyond Labor's Veil, Robert E. Weir presents a fascinating cultural portrait of the Knights across regions, covering the years 1869 to 1893. From the start, the Knights of Labor was an unusual organization, equal parts fraternal order and labor union. It was the only nineteenth-century labor organization to organize African Americans, women, and unskilled workers on an equal basis with white craftsmen. Weir goes beyond the rhetoric of public pronouncements and union politics to consider the real influence of the Knights in communities and homes as well as in the workplace. Weir explores the many cultural expressions of the Knights' ritual, religion, poetry, music, literature, material objects, graphics, and leisure. Although the Knights barely survived into the twentieth century, Weir concludes that the creative cultural expressions of the Knights enabled it to do as well as it did in the face of powerful oppositional forces. What emerges in Beyond Labor's Veil is a rich, detailed description of the Knights as its members adapted to the confusion and contradiction of America's Gilded Age. --Publisher's description
Keywords: Knights of Labor -- History

Improper Property: Squatters and the Idea of Property in the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada, 1838-1866 (Quebec). - Whan, Eric (McGill University, 1996)
Drawing on the manuscript records of the Department of Crown Lands, its published reports, and case law, this thesis examines the illegal occupation of rural land, known as squatting in the Eastern Townships of Quebec in the period 1838 to 1866. By 1838, demographic pressure in the seigneuries, inflated land prices due to speculation, and inaccessible public land granting practices had made squatting a commonplace strategy for land acquisition. The responses to squatting of the Department of Crown Lands, the Legislature and the judiciary are analysed for what they implied about ideas of property in Lower Canada. While the Department of Crown Lands' policy of pre-emption affirmed that squatters held rights to public land because they laboured to cultivate and improve it, the legislature refused to acknowledge that squatters could acquire such rights on private land; nine out of ten bills intended to ensure ejected squatters a systematically determined remuneration for improvements made by them on the private property of absentees failed to pass into law during the period. Most were rejected by the Legislative Council which defended the interests of landed wealth. Lower Canadian courts, meanwhile, struggled to sort out laws relating to squatting. Ultimately they found that while squatters on private property owned their improvements, they had no right to the land itself. Thus the judiciary applied a bifurcated concept of property to rural land in Lower Canada despite the prevalence of liberal theories of absolute property rights during the nineteenth century.

Cold War Canada: The Making of a National Insecurity State, 1945-1957 - Whitaker, Reginald; Marcuse, Gary (University of Toronto Press, 1996)
Canadians might expect that a history of Canada's participation in the Cold War would be a self-congratulatory exercise in documenting the liberality and moderation of Canada set against the rapacious purges of the McCarthy era in the United States. Though Reg Whitaker and Gary Marcuse agree that there is some evidence for Canadian moderation, they argue that the smug Canadian self-image is exaggerated. Cold War Canada digs past the official moderation and uncovers a systematic state-sponsored repression of communists and the Left directed at civil servants, scientists, trade unionists, and political activists. Unlike the United States, Canada's purges were shrouded in secrecy imposed by the government and avidly supported by the RCMP security service. Whitaker and Marcuse manage to reconstruct several of the significant anti-communist campaigns. Using declassified documents, interviews, and extensive archival sources, the authors reconstruct the Gouzenko spy scandal, trace the growth of security screening of civil servants, and re-examine purges in the National Film Board and the trade unions, attacks on peace activist James G. Endicott, and the trials of Canadian diplomat Herbert Norman. Based on these examples Whitaker and Marcuse outline the creation of Canada's Cold War policy, the emergence of the new security state, and the alignment of Canada with the United States in the global Cold War. They demonstrate that Canada did take a different approach toward the threat of communism, but argue that the secret repression and silent purges used to stifle dissent and debate about Canada's own role in the Cold War had a chilling effect on the practice of liberal democracy and undermined Canadian political and economic sovereignty. --Publisher's description

The Puzzle of Strikes: Class and State Strategies in Postwar Italy - Wright, Martin (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1996)
The article reviews the book, "The Puzzle of Strikes: Class and State Strategies in Postwar Italy," by Roberto Franzosi.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; History; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Postwar reconstruction; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Social classes; Strikes

Abstracts / Résumés [35, Spring 1995] (Labour/Le Travail, 1995)
English/French abstracts of articles published in the issue.

Abstracts / Résumés [36, Fall 1995] (Labour/Le Travail, 1995)
English/French abstracts of articles published in the issue.

CCLH publications (Labour/Le Travail, 1995)
List of recent publications by the Committee.

Index, Volume 35 (Spring/Printemps 1995) (Labour/Le Travail, 1995)

Good Jobs, Bad Jobs, No Jobs: Tough Choices for Canadian Labor Law - Adams, Roy J. (C.D. Howe Institute, 1995)
In many industrialized countries over the past twenty years, including Canada, the supply of "good" jobs for those with low formal education has declined relative to demand. While the contributors to this volume do not agree on which labor policies are best, they share a common dissatisifaction with the current way of doing things. --Publisher's description. Includes separate bibliographies at the end of most chapters.
Keywords: Labor market -- Canada

Industrial Relations Under Liberal Democracy: North America in Comparative Perspective - Adams, Roy J. (University of South Carolina Press, 1995)
Most scholars and business people have traditionally regarded industrial relations in the United States and Canada to be so different from practices in other liberal democracies as to render comparison of little practical utility. Fundamental differences, such as the influence of "pure and simple" business-like philosophy on the American and Canadian labor movements in contrast to the socialist agenda of trade unions in other industrialized countries, have prompted observers to question the value of comparative analysis. Roy Adams, however, challenges this view by constructing a theoretical framework within which the comparison of industrial relations across the advanced liberal democratic world may be made comprehensible. --Publisher's description.
Keywords: Comparative management

Pandora's Box: Corporate Power, Free Trade, and Canadian Education - Axelrod, Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Pandora's Box: Corporate Power, Free Trade, and Canadian Education," by John Calvert.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CALVERT, John; Free trade; Nonfiction; PANDORA'S Box: Corporate Power, Free Trade & Canadian Education (Book)

Spying on the Young in Depression and War: Students, Youth Groups and the RCMP, 1935-1942 - Axelrod, Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
Focusing on the experiences of the Canadian Student Assembly and the Canadian Youth Congress, this article examines the ways in which the RCMP assembled information, conducted surveillance, and interpreted the activities of student and youth "radicals" from the early 1930s to the beginning of World War II. Sources for this study include surveillance and security reports filed by RCMP informants and authorities. As well as exploring new terrain in the history of youth and higher education in Canada, this study adds to the literature on the means by which liberal democratic practices were fettered by government authorities in the depression and war years.
Keywords: CANADIAN Youth Congress; Canada; Espionage; POLICE patrol -- Surveillance operations; RADICALS; Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP); STUDENT activism; YOUTH -- Political activity

Winning Women for Socialism: The Ontario CCF and Women, 1947-1961 - Azoulay, Dan (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
This article examines the role of women in the Ontario Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in the period 1947 to 1961. Taking a revisionist approach, it argues that the main concern of Ontario CCF women, as expressed through the Provincial Women's Committee, was with expanding the party's membership and support by attracting other women to the party, and not with advancing the equality of women, as the existing literature contends. it is further argued that women were not significantly under-represented in positions of power within the CCF, that the party's sexual division of labour was due largely to the timidity of its female members, and that the methods used to "win women for socialism" were practical and sensible under the circumstances.
Keywords: Equality; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); Ontario; SEX discrimination in employment; Sexual division of labor; WOMEN & socialism; WOMEN in politics

Where the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America and the Making of a New Left - Babbitt, Susan (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Where the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America and the Making of a New Left," by Van Gosse.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; GOSSE, Van; Nonfiction; WAR & society; WHERE the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America & the Making of a New Left (Book)

Making the Match: Domestic Placement Agencies and the Racialization of Women's Household Work - Bakan, Abigail B.; Stasiulis, Daiva K. (Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 1995)
Over recent years, there has been a notable shift in feminist scholarship regarding the study of women's labor in the home. While in the 1960s and 1970s, research focused on the significance for women's oppression of unpaid domestic labor, since the 1980s more attention has been devoted to the role of paid domestic service in oppressing racial and ethnic minority, and working class women. The growing interest in paid domestic labor reflects a reflection among some feminists feminists that the employment of domestic households is a crucial means through which asymmetrical race and class relations among women are structured. ...In this article, we argue that in advanced states women's work iin the home cannot be fully understood without addressing statuses of members of household units and female migrant domestic workers.... Using the Canadian Live-in Caregiver Program as a case study, the article will demonstrate the pivotal role of private domestic placement agents in negotiating citizenship rights for migrant domestic workers and their employers. Rather than approaching domestic labor as an abstract and universal category, we instead draw attention to the variations among women positioned differently in terms of their class, race, and citizenship regarding labor performed in the home. Our analysis is based largely on intensive qualitative interviews with ten of the leading domestic placement agencies in Toronto, Ontario. Additionally, we observed several national and international meetings and conferences organized by placement agencies and consulted a wide variety of policy documents and secondary sources. --From introduction

Comparing Union and Nonunion Establishments in Britain - Beaumont, Phillip B.; Harris, Richard I. D. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Existing survey research in Britain has shown that there are notable differences between the characteristics of union and nonunion establishments. But at the same time case study research has indicated that the characteristics and employment practices of nonunion organizations vary quite widely. An analysis is presented of some data contained in the 1990 national Workplace Industrial Relations survey. The findings reveal that a sizable minority of nonunion establishments have similar characteristics to unionized establishments which, in turn make them particularly vulnerable to union organizing efforts and help account for the fact that it is these nonunion establishments which are most strongly opposed to a possible union presence.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Comparative studies; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Nonunion; Regression analysis; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Unionization; Variables

Occupational subcultures in the workplace - Bélanger, Laurent (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Occupational subcultures in the workplace," by Harrison M. Trice.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Corporate culture; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Vieillissement, emploi, préretraite : les facteurs socio-économiques influant sur la gestion de la main-d'oeuvre vieillissante - Bellemare, Diane; Simon, Lise Poulin; Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Cet article présente les résultats d'une étude portant sur l'analyse des pratiques de gestion d'emploi des travailleuses et des travailleurs vieillissants en regard de la situation économique à laquelle sont confrontées les entreprises depuis quelques années. H traite des pratiques dominantes axées sur l'exclusion de la main-d'oeuvre vieillissante et met en lumière quatre facteurs permettant de mieux comprendre la stratégie d'éviction encore largement utilisée. Il présente en outre quelques pratiques novatrices mises de l'avant par les entreprises à l'égard de leur main-d'oeuvre vieillissante.
Keywords: Age and employment; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Les apports de l'ergonomie participative dans le cadre de projets industriels ou architecturaux - Bellemare, Marie; Garrigou, Alain; Ledoux, Élise; Richard, Jean-Guy (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Une approche ergonomique est ici présentée comme un moyen d'améliorer les conditions d'exécution du travail en intervenant lors de projets d'investissement. Cette approche s'appuie sur l'analyse de l'activité en situation réelle et s'articule aux structures mises en place pour la réalisation du projet en accordant une place importante aux travailleurs visés. Sur la base de trois interventions, l'article tente d'illustrer l'intérêt de recourir à cette approche pour optimiser les projets en intégrant une prise en compte de l'activité humaine.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Ergonomics; Job design; Labor Unions; Labor unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Purchasing Power: Consumer Organizing, Gender, and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-1929 - Bergquist, Charles (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Purchasing Power: Consumer Organizing, Gender, and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-1929," by Dana Frank.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FRANK, Dana; Nonfiction; PURCHASING Power: Consumer Organizing Gender & the Seattle Labor Movement 1919-1929 (Book); PURCHASING power

Immigrant Female Workers and Australian Trade Unions - Bertone, Santina; Griffin, Gerard (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The relationship between Australian trade unions and their non-English-speaking-background female members is analyzed. In particular, the level of services provided by unions to these members and the extent of participation of these unionists in their union and the industrial priorities that they hold for their union are examined. Drawing on a questionnaire survey of unions, of union members and detailed case studies of 6 unions with large immigrant memberships, it is argued that very limited targeted services are provided to non-English-speaking-background female unionists have similar levels of participation in most rank-and-file activities, but that the former group remains underrepresented among full-time officials; and that the industrial priorities of female unionists are similar irrespective of their backgrounds.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Females; Immigrant women; Immigration; Labor Unions; Polls & surveys; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Statistical data; Union membership

Le syndicalisme : état des lieux et enjeux - Bilodeau, Michèle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Le syndicalisme : état des lieux et enjeux," by Mona-Josée Gagnon.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Risks, Dangers, and Rewards in the Nova Scotia Offshore Fishery - Binkley, Marian (McGill-Queen's University Press, 1995)
An anthropological assessment of working conditions in one of the most hazardous and physically demanding industries in Canada, Risks, Dangers, and Rewards in the Nova Scotia Offshore Fishery describes the hidden cost paid by workers in the Nova Scotia offshore fishery, a cost measured not in dollars and cents but in deaths and injuries. According to Labour Canada, workers in the offshore fishery are more likely to be injured than workers in mining, construction, or forestry. Yet until recently these casualties at sea have been largely ignored by government and labour organizations. Risks, Dangers, and Rewards in the Nova Scotia Offshore Fishery describes the hidden cost paid by workers in the Nova Scotia offshore fishery, a cost measured not in dollars and cents but in deaths and injuries. In this comprehensive study Marian Binkley documents the level of risk and assesses the general health and stress level of workers in the Nova Scotia offshore fishery. She considers shipboard working environment; stress; accidents, injuries, and general health; safety awareness; job satisfaction and family life; and the impact on working conditions of government resource policies and companies' scientific management strategies. Using statistical analysis, participant observation, surveys, and interviews, Binkley establishes that factors such as technological developments, management changes, and home and community life affect the immediate work experience of fishers and can increase the dangers of an already hazardous occupation. --Publisher's description

Le droit du travail du Québec: théories et pratiques - Blouin, Rodrigue (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, Le droit du travail du Québec: théories et pratiques, by Robert Gagnon.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

La modernisation sociale des entreprises - Boivin, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, " La modernisation sociale des entreprises," edited by Paul R. Bélanger, Michel Grant and Benoît Lévesque.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

L'influence des institutions sur l'action syndicale durant la crise de la construction navale en France et au Québec - Bourque, Reynald (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Cet article traite de l'influence des systèmes nationaux de relations industrielles sur l'action syndicale dans la construction navale en France et au Québec durant la période de crise des années 1970 et 1980. Nos analyses révèlent que malgré la convergence des revendications présentées par les syndicats en France et au Québec pour atténuer les effets de cette crise sur l'emploi, les actions mises en oeuvre par les organisations syndicales dominantes dans les chantiers navals français et québécois sont de nature et de portée substantiellement différente.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Labor unions; Shipbuilding; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

L'histoire des femmes au Québec depuis quatre siècles - Bradbury, Bettina (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "L'histoire des femmes au Québec depuis quatre siècles," by Le Collectif Cleo.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Feminism; Nonfiction; QUEBEC Women: A History (Book)

Loafers Are Not Going to Subsist Upon Public Credulence: Vagrancy and the Law in Calgary, 1900-1914 - Bright, David (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
Between 1900 and 1904, rapid growth in population and industrial production transformed Calgary. It was also a period in which those arrested and charged with vagrancy appeared before the local police court in increasing numbers. Previous studies have suggested that the prosecution of vagrants amounted to a form of social control. Reflecting the values of the dominant middle class, local authorities sought to suppress or reform anyone who rejected those same values, especially those connected to the importance of work. This article argues that, in Calgary at least, the criminal justice system lacked the intent or means to reform vagrants. Instead, it punished them as an example to the wider working class of the penalty for rejecting the work ethic.
Keywords: Alberta; CALGARY (Alta.); CRIMINAL justice administration; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); PROSECUTION; SLACKERS; VAGRANCY; VICTIMLESS crimes

Work Activity and Subjectivity: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at the Work of Linemen - Brun, Jean-Pierre (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Using a study of linemen, it is shown how analyzing the subjective experience of linemen can enrich the understanding of work activities. The demonstration is based essentially on the phenomenon of defensive strategies, which allow human beings to maintain their psychic equilibrium despite the harmful effects of work organization. Finally, it is proposed that ergonomics should pay closer attention to the more personal phenomena that inevitably influence work activities. The challenge for ergonomists is to accept that work dynamics cannot be explained using only a production rationality that speaks of loads, capacities and physiological and cognitive limits.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Ergonomics; Job design; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Occupational safety; Organizational behavior; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z

Stress, Satisfaction and Militancy Among Canadian Physicians - Burke, Ronald J. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
A recent study utilized a stressor-strain framework to understand physician militancy in Canada. Data were collected from 2,584 physicians in 1986 using questionnaires. Four militant attitudes or activities were considered: 1. approval of binding arbitration in the event of deadlocks in fee negotiations with governments, 2. approval of withdrawal of services in the event of inadequate income settlements, 3. approval of the reconstitution of medical associations as labor unions, and 4. whether they had participated in an organized job action involving withdrawal of services.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Demographics; Job satisfaction; Labor Unions; Physicians; Psychology; Regression analysis; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Stress; Studies

Professional Gentlemen: The Professions in Nineteenth-Century Ontario - Burley, David G. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Professional Gentlemen: The Professions in Nineteenth-Century Ontario," by R. D. Gidney and W. P. J. Millar.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; GIDNEY, R. D.; MILLAR, W. P. J.; Nonfiction; PROFESSIONAL Gentlemen: The Professions in 19th Ontario (Book); Professions

Art and Work: A Social History of Labour in the Canadian Graphic Arts Industry to the 1940s - Burr, Christina (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Art and Work: A Social History of Labour in the Canadian Graphic Arts Industry to the 1940s," by Angela E. Davis.
Keywords: ART & Work: A Social History of Labour in the Canadian Graphic Arts Industry to the 1940s (Book); BOOKS -- Reviews; DAVIS, Angela E.; Graphic arts; Nonfiction

The Feminist Challenge to the Canadian Left 1900-1918 - Campbell, J. Peter (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "The Feminist Challenge to the Canadian Left 1900-1918," by Janice Newton.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FEMINIST Challenge to the Canadian Left 1900-1918, The (Book); FEMINISTS; NEWTON, Janice; Nonfiction

Old Unions and New Social Movements - Carroll, William K.; Ratner, R.s. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
Based on extensive study of union organizations and activists in Greater Vancouver, this article offers a two-fold critique of the thesis that "new social movements" have supplanted the labour movement as the key collective agents of change in late-modem societies. In the first section we briefly review the claims of new social movement theory and point to some of the analytic difficulties in positing a sharp distinction between "old" unions and "new" social movements. We then present comparative case studies of two pan-union labour organizations active in the Lower Mainland, followed by findings from in-depth interviews with activists in these groups, and comparisons between the political orientations of labour activists and those of activists in new social movements. We find evidence of a labour movement increasingly open to popular struggles outside its own immediate orbit, sensitive to the needs of diverse and marginalized constituencies, tactically prepared if not psychologically predisposed to yield a leading role in any such coalitions, and capable of grasping the connections between social movement activism and everyday life activities. The future of the labour movement very much depends on putting these political sensibilities into practice through a deepening of solidarity with other progressive movements - whose own futures are themselves implicated in labour's prospects.
Keywords: British Columbia; Coalitions; GROUP formation; Labor Unions; Labor movement; Social movements; VANCOUVER (B.C.)

Women, Work and Coping: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Workplace Stress - Chamberland, Érick (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Women, work and coping: a multidisciplinary approach to workplace stress," edited by Bonita C. Long and Sharon E. Kahn.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employment; Labor Unions; Psychology; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Stress; Women

La participation des travailleuses à la formation en entreprise et l'accès à l'égalité - Chicha, Marie-Therese (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Alors que la médiation la plus souvent utilisée survient dans le cadre de la négociation d'une première convention collective ou d'un renouvellement de convention, des programmes de médiation préventive tels celui des relations par objectifs (RPO) se situent en dehors du contexte de la négociation collective. Après avoir séparer les sujets d'ordre distributif des sujets de relations, les seules différences demeurant entre les parties sont celles des questions de fond. Cet article évalue 24 programmes de RPO menés par la Education Relations Commission d'Ontario entre 1981 et 1991. Nous avons utilisé une méthodologie combinée, quantitative et qualitative, pour mesurer l'impact général des RPO sur les conflits en milieu de travail et pour fournir quelques raisons de leurs échecs. L'approche générale des RPO est de réunir des représentants clefs de l'employeur et du syndicat dans un séminaire de deux ou trois jours dirigé par des animateurs qualifiés, en dehors des heures de travail et pendant une année de non-négociation. Les parties tentent alors d'identifier les problèmes qui affectent leurs relations, développant des plans spécifiques d'action, désignant des responsabilités pour leur implantation. Les parties établissent en outre un processus et un échéancier pour mesurer les progrès réalisés dans l'implantation des différents engagements contenus au plan d'action....
Keywords: Affirmative action; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Employment; Labor Unions; Labor unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Women

La possession ouvrière. Du taudis à la propriété. - Choko, Marc H. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "La possession ouvirère. Du taudis à la propriété," by Guy Groux and Catherine Levy.

Shifting Time: Policy and the Future of Work - Clark, Susan M. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book,"Shifting Time: Policy and the Future of Work," by Armine Yalnizyan, T. Ran Ide and Arthur J. Cordell.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CORDELL, Arthur J.; IDE, T. Ran; Labor; Nonfiction; SHIFTING Time: Policy & the Future of Work (Book); YALNIZYAN, Armine

Alternatives to Lean Production: Work Organization in the Swedish Auto Industry - Clement, Wallace (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Alternatives to Lean Production: Work Organization in the Swedish Auto Industry," by Christian Berggren.
Keywords: ALTERNATIVES to Lean Production: Work Organization in the Swedish Auto Industry (Book); BERGGREN, Christian; BOOKS -- Reviews; LEAN manufacturing; Nonfiction

Le droit de cuis-sage. France, 1860-1930 - Cohen, Yolande (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Le droit de cuis-sage. France, 1860-1930," by Marie-Victoire Louis.

Ninety-Nine Days: The Ford Strike in Windsor, 1945 - Colling, Herb (UAW Local 200's strike against the Ford Motor Company of Canada ended in partial victory, establishing the Rand Formula, providing union security and dues check-off, but restricting union activities during labour strife. It was the first large post-war strike, an emotional and bitter battle in an uncertain time. This new book is a day-to-day account of union and non-union workers fighting for their jobs, differences between a radical local and the more conservative international executive, the role of Communists and of the labour centres, and political parties and reluctant governments manoeuvring for control of the labour movement. It is a human drama with court challenges, confrontations, a rank and file blockade of cars that prevented police from breaking through to the plant, and Windsor's longest burning coal fire which could not be extinguished until the men returned to work. The book also tells the poignant stories of devoted women who made bologna sandwiches and coffee for the men on the line, and who struggled to put food on their own tables. Chickens, eggs and vegetables were delivered to the picket line by local farmers. Ford watchmen, afraid to leave the plant, had to scrounge for food until they thought it safe to come out; children aped their elders and struck their schools until they were forced back into class; and a superintendent refused to leave the plant and had to be carried out by the men. --Publisher's description, 1995)
Keywords: 1945; Ford Motor Company Strike, Windsor, Ont., 1945; Ford Motor Company of Canada; Ford Motor Company of Canada (Windsor, Ont.) Grève, 1945; Ford Motor Company of Canada Strike, Windsor, Ont., 1945; Grèves et lock-out Automobiles Industrie et commerce Ontario Windsor; International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America. Local 200; International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America. Local 200 (Windsor, Ont.); Ontario Windsor; Strikes and lockouts Automobile industry; Strikes and lockouts Automobile industry Ontario Windsor

Family, Dependence, and the Origins of the Welfare State; Britain and France, 1914-1945 - Comacchio, Cynthia (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Family, Dependence, and the Origins of the Welfare State; Britain and France, 1914-1945," by Susan Pedersen.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; FAMILY, Dependence & the Origins of the Welfare State: Britain & France 1914-1945 (Book); Nonfiction; PEDERSEN, Susan; WELFARE state

Labouring Lives: Work and Workers in Nineteenth-Century Ontario - Craven, Paul (Ontario historical studies series, 1995)
For twenty years, labour and working-class history has emphasized the struggle for workplace control between skilled craftsmen and factory owners in Ontario's major industrial cities. This preoccupation not only has left the great majority of the province's working people in the shadows of history, but has isolated labour history from such other 'new histories' as women's history, ethnic history, and the history of mobility. This collaborative volume argues for a more nuanced account of the diversity of working people's experience in the nineteenth century. It presents detailed studies of a broad range of occupations and institutions that figured prominently in workers' lives. These include the more common jobs - farm labour, housework, lumbering - and the more pervasive institutions - the church, the law, the family - as well as new accounts of industrial labour in small-town factories and on the railways. The themes explored include class formation, the nature and meaning of work, labour relations, and the character of economic and social change in nineteenth-century Ontario. --Publisher's description. Contents: Introduction / Paul Craven (pages 3-12) -- Rural labour / Terry Crowley (pages 13-104) -- Labour and the law / Jeremy Webber (pages 105-203) -- The Shantymen / Ian Radforth (pages 204-277) -- Religion, leisure, and working-class identity / Lynne Marks (pages 278-334) -- Labour and management on the Great Western Railway / Paul Craven (pages 335-411) -- The home as workplace / Bettina Bradbury (pages 412-478) -- Factory workers (pages 479-589) - Picture credits (page 595) -- Index (pages 597-622).

Conflict Within the Union: Struggles Among Sydney Steel Workers, 1956-1972 - Crawley, Ron (Carleton University, 1995)
The thesis addresses the importance of intra-union struggles as a mediating factor in understanding the relationship between changes in union policies and strategies and the larger socio-economic environment. Examination of these intra-union struggles, the thesis argues, is necessary for a fuller understanding of the development of the union and the steel workers' ongoing contestation with the steel company. It examines the significance of intra-union conflict in the establishment of responsible" unionism and "industrial democracy" within the Canadian steel industry and in the context of international, national and local aspects of the union. During the period 1936-1972 the steel workers were organized within Local 1064 of the United Steel Workers of America which, according to the findings of the thesis, was marked by intra-union conflict almost from its inception. Conflict between an establishment-dominated leadership and its supporters and oppositional forces, which took different forms and displayed various degrees of influence within the local over time, was an integral part of the union's political life. Arguments drawn from Marxist theory and from the work of Michels are compared and evaluated in light of the historical record of the steel workers and their attempts to build an effective organization. The thesis demonstrates that oppositional activity within the union was crucial to understanding the development and direction of the union. The establishment and maintenance of "responsible" unionism and "industrial democracy" were mediated by intra-union struggles. The findings of the study offer support for both a Marxist and a Michelsian theory of change within such organizations.

Grace Hartman: A Woman for Her Time - Crean, Susan (New Star Books, 1995)
Years before women were allowed to read the news on television, Grace Hartman was on television making the news. In 1954, to help pay the mortgage on her family’s new suburban home, Grace Hartman took a job with the Township of North York. Hartman soon became active in her union, where she dedicated herself to improve the worker’s lot. Twenty-one years later Hartman was still a worker, but no longer a secretary for North York: she was president of the Canadian Union of Public Employees, the largest union in Canada. Hartman was the first woman to lead a major labour organization anywhere in North America. [This book] is the story of a labour activist who served two months in jail at the age of 62 for defying a court order and asserting her members’ right to strike. It is the story of a visionary feminist who helped found the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, who stood up to Pierre Trudeau over wage and price controls because she saw that her sisters would bear their brunt. It is the story of a lifelong and committed social activist who fought tirelessly, both inside and outside the labour movement, for women’s rights and progressive causes. --Author's description

Strikes: Causes, Conduct and Consequences - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Strikes: Causes, Conduct and Consequences by Douglas Blackmur is reviewed.
Keywords: Book reviews; Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Strikes

Le Québec en jeu : comprendre les grands défis - Daigle, Gérard; Rocher, Guy (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Le Québec en jeu : comprendre les grands défis," by Gérard Daigle, edited by and with the collaboration of Guy Rocher.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Âge et rapport au travail parmi le personnel enseignant des commissions scolaires du Québec - David, Hélène; Payeur, Christian (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Une enquête auprès du personnel enseignant des commissions scolaires du Québec sur les rapports entre l'âge, le travail et le cheminement professionnel révèle que des effets de cohorte font varier sa situation et son cheminement professionnel ; ces changements reflètent les transformations profondes du travail et de l'emploi dans le milieu de l'enseignement au cours des dernières décennies. Par contre, le rapport individuel au travail ne varie pas selon l'âge ni selon le genre sexuel. La façon de le vivre différencie cependant très nettement quatre catégories d'importance à peu près égales parmi le personnel enseignant : les passionnés, les tiraillés, les contentés et tes désabusés. Ces positions existentielles face au travail sont fortement associées aux diverses composantes du rapport individuel au travail. Il apparaît que ce sont les rapports pédagogiques, la gestion de la classe, les facteurs organisationnels et relationnels, et non l'âge du personnel enseignant, qui sont en cause.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Labor Unions; Labor unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z; Teachers

Art and Work: A Social History of Labour in the Canadian Graphic Arts Industry to the 1940s - Davis, Angela E. (McGill-Queen's Univ. Press, 1995)
A notable addition to the growing body of work that examines art and work as social constructs, Art and Work traces the development of commercial illustration and the graphic arts industry in Canada from the late eighteenth century to the 1940s. Beginning with the origins of the graphic arts industry in Britain, Angela Davis describes the development of technology, commercial organization, and professionalization of artists in Canada. She focuses on the artists involved in the creation and reproduction of a "popular" art form. The evolution of commercial illustration and the graphic arts industry, Davis asserts, had a dramatic impact not only on the popular press and advertising but also on illustrators, engravers, photo-engravers, and lithographers, who still considered themselves to be artists but found that they were now working in an industrial atmosphere similar to that of other workers. Art and Work reveals that the foundations of Canadian art and popular culture rest not only on the European traditions of "fine" art but also on the commercial art produced in the early graphic arts houses. --Publisher's description

Memories of Chicano History: The Life and Narrative of Bert Corona - Delgado, Hector L. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Memories of Chicano History: The Life and Narrative of Bert Corona," by Mario T. Garcia.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CORONA, Bert; GARCIA, Mario T., 1944-; MEMORIES of Chicano History: The Life & Narrative of Bert Corona (Book); Nonfiction

A Muted Fury: Populists, Progressives, and Labor Unions Confront the Courts, 1890-1939 - Dubofsky, Melvyn (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "A Muted Fury: Populists, Progressives, and Labor Unions Confront the Courts, 1890-1939," by William G. Ross.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; JUDICIAL review; MUTED Fury: Populists, Progressives & Labor Unions Confront the Courts 1890-1937, A (Book); Nonfiction; ROSS, William G.

Tell the Driver: A Biography of Elinor F.E. Black, M.D - Duffin, Jacalyn (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Tell the Driver: A Biography of Elinor F.E Black, M.D.," by Julie Vandervoort.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Biographies; Nonfiction; TELL the Driver: A Biography of Elinor F.E. Black, MD (Book); VANDERVOORT, Julie

The Mill: A Worker's Memoir of the 1930s and 1940s - Edwards, Alfred; Manley, John (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
A literary criticism of the book, "The Mill: A Worker's Memoir of the 1930s and 1940s," by Alfred Edwards. It outlines the characters and the insights provided into the mentality of a section of working class. It examines the author's way of getting the story to its real starting-point in a deft manner. An overview of the story is also given.
Keywords: Criticism; EDWARDS, Alfred; MEMOIRS; MILL: A Worker's Memoir of the 1930s & 1940s, The (Book); Working class

From Industrial Relations to the Employment Relationship: The Development of Research in Britain - Edwards, P. K. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
In contrast to gloomy diagnoses of the state of industrial relations in the US, the situation in Britain is comparatively healthy. Reasons include the way in which the human resource management (HRM) challenge was met and the intellectual development of the subject from old industrial relations towards a deeper analysis of the employment relationship. These reasons are closely connected to the continuation of a case study tradition of research. Examples of such work illustrating this analysis, particularly those exploring management and the nature of HRM, are discussed. A future research agenda comparing national regimes of labor regulation is sketched.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; History; Human resource management; Labor Unions; Labor relations; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations Industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T16:07:02.081Z; Studies

On Different Planes: an Organizational Analysis of Cooperation and Conflict among Airline Unions - Edwards, Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "On Different Planes: An Organizational Analysis of Cooperation and Conflict Among Airline Unions," by David J. Walsh.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Labor Unions; Nonfiction; ON Different Planes: An Organizational Analysis of Cooperation & Conflict Among Airline Unions (Book); WALSH, David J.

Marxist Intellectuals and the Working-Class Mentality in Germany, 1887-1912 - Eley, Geoff (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Marxist Intellectuals and the Working-Class Mentality in Germany, 1887-1912," by Stanley Pierson.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; MARXIST Intellectuals & the Working-Class Mentality in Germany 1887-1912 (Book); Nonfiction; PIERSON, Stanley; Social conflict

La société libérale duplessiste - Emery, George (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "La société libérale duplessiste," by Gilles Bourque, Jules Duchastel and Jacques Beauchemin.
Keywords: BEAUCHEMIN, Jacques; BOOKS -- Reviews; BOURQUE, Gilles; DUCHASTEL, Jules; LA societe liberale duplessiste (Book); Liberalism; Nonfiction

C.L.R. James and Revolutionary Marxism: Selected Writings of C.L.R. James 1939-1949 - Faber, Seymour (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "C.L.R. James and Revolutionary Marxism: Selected Writings of C.L.R. James 1939-1949," edited by Scott McLemee and Paul Le Blanc.
Keywords: BANC, Paul; BOOKS -- Reviews; Communism; JAMES & Revolutionary Marxism (Book); MCLEMEE, Scott; Nonfiction

Analyse de l'activité et coopération des acteurs de la conception - Filippi, Geneviève; Haradji, Yvon; Villame, Thérèse (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 1995)
Le processus de conception d'une situation de travail résulte de la coopération de plusieurs acteurs (opérateurs, concepteurs, ergonomes). À travers trois études, nous illustrons le fait que les résultats de l'analyse de l'activité sont essentiels pour orienter le processus de conception, mais aussi pour favoriser la coopération des acteurs. La première étude met l'accent sur l'intérêt d'une analyse de l'activité collective en vue de la définition des nouvelles salles de régulation du trafic urbain. La deuxième étude souligne l'intérêt pour les concepteurs de réaliser l'évaluation d'un système d'assistance en situation réaliste d'utilisation. La troisième étude montre le rôle moteur que joue l'analyse de l'activité aux différentes phases d'un processus de conception informatique.
Keywords: Business And Economics--Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics--Personnel Management; Ergonomics; Job design; Labor Unions; SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Women Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood and Radical Politics in the 1960s - Fine, Lisa M. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Women Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood and Radical Politics in the 1960s," by Amy Swerdlow.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; Nonfiction; SWERDLOW, Amy; WOMEN Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood & Radical Politics in the 1960s (Book); WOMEN in politics

Even the Little Children Cooperated: Family Strategies, Childcare Discourse, and Social Welfare Debates 1945-1975 - Finkel, Alvin (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The debate about public funding and regulation of childcare has always had as its central focus: should mothers be encouraged or discouraged from seeking paid work outside the home? While some scholars argue that labour needs -- the "reserve army" thesis --best explain resulting public policies regarding childcare, this article argues that campaigns by women's organizations, sometimes aided by mixed-sex progressive social organizations, have been more important in public policy-making. Discourse on paid work for women with children has shifted from 1945 to 1990 from extremely negative to ambivalent. But the Right has limited the impact of women's mobilization for shared state responsibility for childcare by insisting on childcare arrangements as a working mother's responsibility.
Keywords: CHILD care -- Law & legislation; Government policy; LABOUR/LE Travail (Book); PUBLIC welfare; SOCIAL clubs; WOMEN -- Societies & clubs

Consuming Canada: Readings in Environmental History - Forkey, Neil S. (Labour / Le Travail, 1995)
The article reviews the book, "Consuming Canada: Readings in Environmental History," edited by Chad Gaffield and Pam Gaffield.
Keywords: BOOKS -- Reviews; CONSUMING Canada: Readings in Environmental History (Book); GAFFIELD, Chad, 1951-; GAFFIELD, Pam; History; Human ecology; Nonfiction