Théories féministes voyageuses. Internationalisme et coalitions depuis les luttes latinoaméricaines - Montreuil, Frédérique (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Théories féministes voyageuses. Internationalisme et coalitions depuis les luttes latinoaméricaines," by Mara Montanaro.

"What Is Labour's Stake?": Workers and the History of Environmentalism in Alberta - Montrie, Chad (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Although counterintuitive for many academics and lay people alike, the Canadian environmental movement has long included significant engagement from organized labour. More surprising, perhaps, the most dedicated labour environmentalists came from unions representing workers in the auto, steel, mining, chemical, and oil industries. This was certainly the case in Alberta during the 1970s. There, the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers (ocaw) used their outsized influence within the Alberta Federation of Labour (afl) to conjoin growing concern about occupational health and safety with developing awareness about air and water pollution beyond the workplace. Drawing on fonds at the University of Calgary Glenbow Archives, Provincial Archives of Alberta, and Library and Archives Canada, this article chronicles and assesses efforts by ocaw officials within the afl to introduce and sustain a labour environmentalist agenda. It also makes an argument for historians interested in the origins and evolution of the Canadian environmental movement to pay closer attention to organized labour.
Keywords: Alberta Federation of Labour; Canadian Labour Congress; Chemical and Atomic Workers; Congrès du travail du Canada; Fédération; Jim MacDonald; Neil Reimer; Oil; Reg Basken; Save Tomorrow Oppose Pollution; Syndicalisme; du travail de l'Alberta; environment; environnement; labour

L’Économie institutionnelle. Sa place dans l’économie politique - Morel, Sylvie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "L’Économie institutionnelle. Sa place dans l’économie politique," 2 volumes of John Rogers Commons, critical edition by Jean-Jacques Gislain and Bruno Théret.

Answers to the Labour Question: Industrial Relations and the State in the Anglophone World, 1880-1945 - Mucciaroni, Gary (University of Toronto Press, 2024)
Since the mid-nineteenth century, public officials, reformers, journalists, and other elites have referred to “the labour question.” The labour question was rooted in the system of wage labour that spread throughout much of Europe and its colonies and produced contending classes as industrialization unfolded. Answers to the Labour Question explores how the liberal state responded to workers’ demands that employers recognize trade unions as their legitimate representatives in their struggle for compensation and control over the workplace. Gary Mucciaroni examines five Anglophone nations – Australia, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the United States – whose differences are often overlooked in the literature on political economy, which lumps them together as liberal, “market-led” economies. Despite their many shared characteristics and common historical origins, these nations’ responses to the labour question diverged dramatically. Mucciaroni identifies the factors that explain why these nations developed such different industrial relations regimes and how the paths each nation took to the adoption of its regime reflected a different logic of institutional change. Drawing on newspaper accounts, parliamentary debates, and personal memoirs, among other sources, Answers to the Labour Question aims to understand the variety of state responses to industrial unrest and institutional change beyond the domain of industrial relations. –Publisher's description

Sustainable Human Resource Management, Unions and Equality-Enabling Practices: A Framework-Based Systematic Literature Review and Directions for Future Research - Muduli, Ashutosh; Bharath, Sindu (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
In response to Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 10 (SDGs), organizations are collaborating with unions to integrate sustainability into their strategies by adopting socially responsible HR practices for social equity and equality. In this study, grounded in social justice ideology, we explore the antecedents, decisions and outcomes of sustainable HRM practices that promote workplace equity and equality with union support. We used a framework-based systematic literature review (SLR) method, guided by the antecedents-decisions-outcomes (ADO) framework of Paul et al. (2023), and followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols to ensure comprehensive and transparent reporting. Using the ADO framework, we identified organizational culture and values, stakeholder engagement, union trends, legal framework and regulations, collective agreements and company size as “antecedents.” “Decisions” encompassed inclusive recruitment and hiring practices, equal pay and compensation initiatives, diversity and inclusion training, flexible work arrangements and mechanisms for conflict resolution and grievance handling. “Outcomes” included improved employee well-being, enhanced productivity and performance, greater support for diversity and inclusion and a positive impact on employee health and safety. Each of the explored practices corresponded to one of three types of social justice. We suggest several avenues for future research by identifying critical gaps in theory and practice.
Keywords: ADO; Gestion durable des ressources humaines; PRISMA; Revue de littérature systématique; SDG 10; justice sociale; objectif de développement durable n° 10; social justice; sustainable human resource management; syndicats; systematic literature review; unions

Questioning the Entrepreneurial State: Status-Quo, Pitfalls, and the Need for Credible Innovation Policy - Muldoon, Jeffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Questioning the Entrepreneurial State: Status-Quo, Pitfalls, and the Need for Credible Innovation Policy," by Karl Wennberg and Christian Sandström.
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94273-1

The Corporation and the Twentieth Century: The History of American Business Enterprise - Muldoon, Jeffrey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "The Corporation and the Twentieth Century: The History of American Business Enterprise," by Richard N. Langlois

Viral Contradictions: Canadian Exceptionalism and COVID-19 - Murray, Adrian (State–Society Relations around the World through the Lens of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Rapid Test, 2024)
...Some shocking statistics underpin Adrian Murray's examination of COVID-19 in Canada: underfunded and poorly regulated for-profit care homes for the aged experienced a death rate four times that of public care homes. Murray details the uneven impacts of the pandemic in Canada, with the burden falling hardest on those in precarious work, women, black, Indigenous and other racalised groups - as shaped by Canada's colonial history of dispossession and racism, now exacerbated by neoliberal economic policies. Murray highlights the contradictions of Canadian exceptionalism, suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic be read through the lens of a colonial present epitomised by internal inequalities and internationally by hoarding of vaccines. –From Editors' Introduction
Keywords: Social Science / General; Social Science / Sociology / General

After Populism: The Agrarian Left on the Northern Plains, 1900-1960 - Naylor, James (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "After Populism: The Agrarian Left on the Northern Plains, 1900-1960," by William C. Pratt.

Queer Career: Sexuality and Work in Modern America - Nicholas, Jane (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Queer Career: Sexuality and Work in Modern America," by Margot Canaday.

Le syndicalisme axé sur le recrutement des adhérents est-il efficace ? Une réponse camerounaise - Njib Boumsong, Thomas; Fomba Kamga, Benjamin (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Dans un contexte de déclin continu des taux de syndicalisation aussi bien dans les pays développés que dans les pays en développement, l’organizing model – « politiques actives de syndicalisation » ou « syndicalisme axé sur le recrutement » − est apparu au coeur de la littérature sur la revitalisation syndicale comme la stratégie la plus adéquate pour contrer la baisse des effectifs syndicaux. Devant un tel constat, et pour la première fois au Cameroun, cet article examine la relation entre l’organizing model et le recrutement des adhérents à partir des données d’une enquête par questionnaire menée auprès de 187 responsables syndicaux. Les résultats des estimations du modèle probit ordonné généralisé montrent que l’utilisation de l’organizing model par les responsables syndicaux n’a pas eu d’effet significatif sur l’évolution du nombre total de membres ainsi que sur l’évolution du nombre de nouveaux membres entre 2019 et 2021. Ces résultats, bien que conditionnés par la taille de l’échantillon et la mesure de l’organizing model, n’apportent aucun soutien aux partisans de cette stratégie de revitalisation syndicale qui la considèrent comme la plus adéquate pour recruter et retenir les adhérents. Dès lors, et afin d’obtenir les résultats escomptés, il est de l’intérêt des responsables syndicaux enquêtés de renforcer leurs méthodes d’organisation et de recrutement des adhérents et de considérer l’organizing model comme un outil qui doit être appris, systématisé et pratiqué de manière routinière.
Keywords: Cameroon; Cameroun; Organizing model; recrutement syndical; revitalisation syndicale; union recruitment; union revitalization

« Les grands manufacturiers qui font gagner le pain à tant de pauvres gens doivent trouver protection devant les tribunaux »: condition ouvrière, salariat et justice civile au Québec, 1850–1914 - Nootens, Thierry (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Quebec jurisprudence in civil matters constitutes a valuable source for the history of work and employment. It reveals a vast range of conflicts experienced among workers during the transition to industrial capitalism and the way in which the judicial system proceeded to regulate such conflicts. Working with 128 reported cases, the author examines the fate of lawsuits filed by – or against – ordinary workers, factory workers, day labourers and carters, workers directly affected by the levy of surplus value generated by physical labor and through the free play of power relations in the economic world. Six categories of disputes mark this jurisprudence: divisions established by law among manual labour (notably under the legislation on masters and servants); failure to pay wages; the difficult implementation of worker privileges; challenges to employer discipline; the imposition of damages during work; and, finally, the hazards of seizures carried out against workers. Many indicators betray the incapacity of bringing together civil law and civil justice, as instruments of social regulation, in order to take precautions against the profound fragility of wage-earning status in the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
Keywords: civil law; damages; economic liberalism; employer’s authority; jurisprudence; manual workers; mechanics’ liens; seizures; wages; working conditions

Working Conditions, Worker Rights, and Managerial Domination During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Assessing Their Toll on Precariously Employed Workers and Family Well-Being - O’Campo, Patricia; Gunn, Virginia; Perri, Melissa; Buhariwala, Pearl; Rasoulain, Elham; Daneshvardfard, Maryam; Ma, Rachel W; Lewchuk, Wayne; Baron, Sherry; Bodin, Theo; Muntaner, Carles (International Journal of Social Determinants of Health and Health Services, 2024)
Precarious Employment (PE) is characterized by job, income, and benefit insecurities. Studies surrounding PE and well-being have been predominantly quantitative, leaving a gap in rich descriptions of employment experiences. We recruited a sample of 40 adults aged 25-55 who were involved in PE during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic or lost employment due to the pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were administered. Employment and income insecurities were common and had negative impacts on the well-being of participants and their families. Uncertainty about future employment prospects and job and income loss resulted in chronic distress. Other insecurities—access to benefits, violation of worker rights, worker safety—was also reported as impacting well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic deepened insecurities, hardships, and distress among workers with PE conditions. Given the myriad insecurities experienced by those engaged in PE, the focus of precarious work research should also include working conditions, violation of worker rights, and managerial domination.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/27551938241253789

Report of the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery, Including Its Causes and Consequences - Obokata, Tomoya; United Nations. General Assembly. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur (United Nations, 2024)
The Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences, Tomoya Obokata, visited Canada from 23 August to 6 September 2023. During his visit, he travelled to Ottawa, Moncton, Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver.
Institution: Koninklijke Brill NV

Ordinary People, Extraordinary Times: Living the British Empire in Jamaica, 1756 - Ogborn, Miles (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Ordinary People, Extraordinary Times: Living the British Empire in Jamaica, 1756," by Sheryllynne Heggerty.

A New Dawn For Canadian Platform Workers? Evaluating the Digital Platform Workers’ Rights Act 2022 - Ogunde, Fife (Western Journal of Legal Studies, 2024)
In December 2021, the Ontario government passed into law Bill 88, the Working for Workers Act, 2022. Among other developments, the Working for Workers Act, 2022 introduced the Digital Platform Workers’ Rights Act, 2022, establishing a number of rights for platform workers. This Article is a brief, non-exhaustive evaluation of the provisions of the Act, with particular emphasis on how it impacts the salient issues associated with the regulation of platform work. The article concludes that, notwithstanding its limitations, the Act is a major step in the right direction towards effective regulation of the working conditions for platform workers.

Canada (Live-in) Caregiver Program (LCP) and Care Workers’ Lived Experiences: A Systematic Literature Review - Oklikah, Desmond Ofori; Abada, Teresa; Arku, Godwin (Journal of International Migration and Integration, 2024)
As discourse on transnational labor migration continues to highlight the influence of structures on the experiences and existence of caregivers, Canada’s economic immigration and status regularization programs are not excluded from the discussions. Particularly, the Canada (Live-in) Caregiver Program (henceforth LCP) introduced in 1992 has gained attention from popular and scholarly cycles despite being the only economic immigration program that guarantees permanent residency status to applicants after fulfilling the mandatory program requirements. Drawing from 19 empirical studies, this systematic literature review discussed some emerging themes from the LCP. From the studies reviewed, it was found that both current and former caregivers continue to bear the direct brunt of caregiving given their positionality as mostly racialized women from low-income countries. Moreover, among the range of issues discussed, homelessness, food insecurity, and the deteriorating health conditions of care workers are some pressing issues that need urgent scholarly and policy attention. These findings underscore the need for periodic reassessments of the LCP to understand the intersectionality of current and emerging issues—as the program has greater potential to meet rising care needs in Canada, but only if the living conditions of caregivers are addressed.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12134-024-01119-y
Keywords: Canada; Coping strategies; Live-in caregiver; Minority; Subjective well-being

Enjeux et méthodes d’analyse des besoins de formation : le cas d’une formation pour la prévention des accidents - Ouellet, Sylvie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
L’analyse des besoins est une étape considérée comme cruciale lors de la planification d’une formation. Il existe diverses méthodes pour identifier les besoins, sans qu’il y ait d’études pour les comparer au regard des informations obtenues et des coûts associés. C’est dans cette perspective qu’un projet a été réalisé dans le secteur des télécommunications pour vérifier l’apport de différentes méthodes de collecte de données dans un contexte de prévention des accidents lors du transport et de la manipulation d’échelles par des techniciens. Les méthodes comparées sont les rencontres individuelles avec des acteurs de la SST et de la formation (n : 13), les groupes de discussion avec des techniciens (3 groupes, n : 28), l’administration d’un questionnaire en ligne auprès de techniciens et l’analyse de l’activité de travail de cinq techniciens. Cette dernière méthode est souvent ignorée en formation en raison des coûts associés à sa réalisation. Une analyse comparative des méthodes a été effectuée relativement à la nature des informations obtenues. Les résultats montrent que les entrevues avec les acteurs en SST permettent de bien cerner la problématique à l’origine de la demande de formation. Les rencontres de groupe ainsi que le questionnaire ont surtout permis d’identifier les besoins de formation perçus et d’obtenir des informations sur les facteurs qui entrainent des difficultés dans le travail. Quant à l’analyse de l’activité de travail, elle est la méthode qui a fourni une plus grande compréhension du travail à réaliser et des facteurs sur lesquels il faudrait agir pour prévenir les accidents de travail. Elle a aussi mené à l’identification de situations de travail « critiques » et à la mise en mots de savoirs développés avec l’expérience qui pourraient être intégrés à la formation pour favoriser le transfert des apprentissages et la prévention.
Keywords: Besoins de formation; Training needs; accident prevention; activité de travail; analyse ergonomique; analysis methods; ergonomic analysis; méthodes d’analyse; organizational results; prévention des accidents; résultats organisationnels; work activity

Colonialism and Capitalism: A New History for the Twenty-First Century - Palmer, Bryan D. (Lorimer, 2024)
V. 1. In the past decade Canadian history has become a hotly contested subject. Iconic figures, notably Sir John A. Macdonald, are no longer unquestioned nation-builders. The narrative of two founding peoples has been set aside in favour of recognition of Indigenous nations whose lands were taken up by the incoming settlers. An authoritative and widely-respected Truth and Reconciliation Commission, together with an honoured Chief Justice of the Supreme Court have both described long-standing government policies and practices as "cultural genocide." Historians have researched and published a wide range of new research documenting the many complex threads comprising the Canadian experience. As a leading historian of labour and social movements, Bryan Palmer has been a major contributor to this literature. In this first volume of a major new survey history of Canada, he offers a narrative which is based on the recent and often specialized research and writing of his historian colleagues. One major theme in this book is the colonial practices of the authorities as they pushed aside the original peoples of this country. While the methods varied, the result was opening up Canada's rich resources for exploitation by the incoming European settlers. The second major theme is the role of capitalism in determining how those resources were exploited, and who would reap the enormous power and wealth that accrued. The first volume of this challenging and illuminating new survey history covers the period that concludes in the 1890s after the creation out of Britain's northern colonies of the semi-autonomous federal Canadian state. ———————– V.2. Capitalism and Colonialism: The Making of Modern Canada 1890–1960 continues the examination of our nation’s past through a new lens, incorporating the scholarship of Canadian historians to portray a richly endowed and wealthy but very unequal first-world country. This second volume of Bryan Palmer’s history of Canada covers 1890 to 1960. Weaving together themes that include business, labour, politics, and social history, this account brings the experiences of Indigenous peoples into the centre of the narrative. Canada experienced extraordinary growth during these decades, notably after the Second World War when many Canadians quickly became far better off Yet vast inequalities persisted, Indigenous peoples experienced ongoing and often worsening deprivation, and ordinary people saw little or no real improvement in their lives. These realities set the stage for the interplay of reform, resistance and reaction that followed after 1960. Palmer examines the continuing role of capitalism and colonialism in structuring Canada in the period between 1890 and 1960 from capital’s conflicts and fragile ententes with labour, to the struggles of Indigenous Peoples and francophone Canada, and the changing role of Canadian capital internationally. Relying on the work of scholars who have produced a vast academic literature on a wide range of topics in Canadian history, Bryan Palmer offers a new history of Canada which reflects the knowledge and values of 21st-century Canadians. – Publisher's description
Author interview with The Maple's columnist, Adam D.K. King: https://www.readthemaple.com/capitalism-and-colonialism-how-modern-canada-was-made/ OCLC: 1439218000
Keywords: Canada Conditions sociales; Canada Conditions économiques; Canada Economic conditions; Canada Histoire; Canada History; Canada Social conditions

On Method and Militant Resistance: An Appreciation of Nuanced Engagement with the Uneasy History of Settlers and First Nations - Palmer, Bryan D. (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Responds to hagwil hayetsk/Charles Menzie's paper, "Capitalism and Colonialism," published in the same issue.

The Past Is Before Us: Capitalism, Colonialism, and Canada, 1500–2023 - Palmer, Bryan D. (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
At the "Challenging Labour" / «Le défi du travail» conference held at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Alberta, in October 2022, two plenary sessions invited scholars to engage in a dialogue on important historical and theoretical issues in the field of labour and working-class history/studies. One of these, on the entanglement of capitalism and colonialism, featured a paper delivered by Bryan D. Palmer and a response from hagwil hayetsk (Charles Menzies). These presentations are revised for publication here along with a rejoinder from Palmer in what is Labour/Le Travail's first "Forum" section. The aim of this section is to foster conversation, with scholars meaningfully engaging with each other's work across disciplinary, methodological, theoretical, or other kinds of differences in approach and understanding. The merit of this kind of dialogue is well demonstrated here by Palmer and hayetsk, and the editors would invite more such conversations for publication in this section in future issues. –Editors' introduction
Keywords: British Columbia; Canadian history; Colombie-Britannique; Gitxaała; Histoire des Autochtones; Indigenous Marxism; Indigenous history; Tsimshian; capitalisme de peuplement; colonialism; colonialisme; economic history; histoire du Canada; histoire du travail; histoire économique; labour history; marxisme autochtone; settler capitalism

Le droit du travail est-il l'ennemi des droits fondamentaux? - Parent, Sébastien (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
En raison de leur statut prééminent, les droits fondamentaux se sont introduits dans le droit du travail. Les regards se sont vite tournés vers la confrontation normative qui résulte de l'assemblage de ces deux domaines du droit aux logiques distinctes. Les droits de la personne ont alors été appréhendés davantage dans un rapport de confrontation plutôt que de complémentarité avec le corpus du droit du travail. Cette étude historico-juridique cherche à démontrer que le construit du droit du travail recoupe pourtant les trois traits structurants des droits de la personne, soit la fondamentalité, l'universalité et l'inaliénabilité. Cette complémentarité devrait être prise en compte dans l'interprétation des droits fondamentaux au sein de la relation d'emploi, ce qui devrait accentuer le degré de protection de la personne au travail.
Keywords: Droit du travail; Droit international; Droits et liberté; Droits économiques et sociaux; Economic and Social Rights; International Law; Labour Law; Protection du salarié; Rights and Freedoms; Workers Defense

Impacts of Sex Work Criminalization and Censorship for Indoor Workers: Exploring How Barriers to Online Advertising Shape Occupational Health and Safety - Pearson, Jennie; Machat, Sylvia; McDermid, Jennifer; Goldenberg, Shira M.; Krüsi, Andrea (Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 2024)
Advertising tools used by sex workers for solicitation and client screening have been identified as supporting occupational health and safety (OHS); however, sex work legislation continues to criminalize advertising by third parties. We explored how the criminalization of third-party advertising and online censorship shapes indoor sex workers’ access to OHS measures such as client screening, and negotiation of prices and services, in addition to income security.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379955147_Impacts_of_Sex_Work_Criminalization_and_Censorship_for_Indoor_Workers_Exploring_How_Barriers_to_Online_Advertising_Shape_Occupational_Health_and_Safety
Keywords: Criminalization; Digital censorship; Digital sex work; End demand; Migrant sex work; Sex work

Precarious Work on the Rise - Perri, Melissa; O’Campo, Patricia; Gill, Paneet; Gunn, Virginia; Ma, Rachel W.; Buhariwala, Pearl; Rasoulian, Elham; Lewchuk, Wayne; Baron, Sherry; Bodin, Theo; Muntaner, Carles (BMC Public Health, 2024)
Precarious employment (PE) is non-standard employment with uncertain and unstable contract duration, low wages, and limited labour protections and rights. Research has associated PE with workers’ poor mental health and well-being; however, this association has been studied primarily using quantitative methods. This qualitative study seeks to examine the mechanisms between PE and mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada. Specifically, it aims to address: (Benach J, Muntaner C. Precarious employment and health: developing a research agenda. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007;61(4):276.) How do PE and working conditions impact the mental well-being of workers and members of their close families or households?; and (Kreshpaj B, Orellana C, Burström B, Davis L, Hemmingsson T, Johansson G, et al. What is precarious employment? A systematic review of definitions and operationalizations from quantitative and qualitative studies. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2020;46(3):235–47.) How has the COVID-19 pandemic shaped these relationships? Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 40 individuals aged 25–55 engaged in PE during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic or whose employment was terminated due to the pandemic. Results showed that PE amplified mental health symptoms and illnesses for workers and their families. These experiences were described as chronic, where impacts were exerted on precariously employed workers through systemic discrimination and racism, colonialism, workplace hierarchies, and gendered ideologies. PE negatively impacted mental health through emotional stress about employment and income instability, insecurity, and loss; added pressure for households where both partners are engaged in PE; impacted ability to maintain or improve overall health and well-being; and barriers to social connectedness. Overall, this study characterizes multiple dimensions of PE and the consequences they have on the mental health of workers and their families.
Keywords: COVID-19; Employee Health and Wellbeing; Health and social inequalities; Labour Law/Social Law; Mental health; Occupational Health Psychology; Precarious employment; Social Inequality; Sociology of the labour market; Unemployment

Importance of Informal Skills for Sporting Goods Retailers in the Service Relationship - Pichot, Lilian; Pierre, Julien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
We discuss the everyday work of sporting goods salespeople in France, stressing the importance of informal and relational skills in the service relationship, which draws on the seller and buyer’s shared interest in sports. Salespeople do far more than just perform predefined tasks. Their effectiveness depends largely on being able to develop personal relationships with customers. We collected quantitative and qualitative data through four methods: 1) a questionnaire sent in 2019 to all sports and recreational retail managers in the Grand Est region of France (n=61); 2) an analysis of job listings posted in the press, online and in stores in 2019 and 2020 (n=152), which we used to draw up a list of skills and qualifications for the advertised positions; 3) semi-structured interviews with salespeople and store managers (n=20) on their everyday work, their relationships to sporting goods and their perceptions of customer relationships; and 4) ethnographic observation of everyday sales work in ten stores (January-February 2020). In service work, a sense of selflessness is valued, as reflected in the practice of adaptive selling. Salespeople develop a sense of the customers’ lifestyle and approach to sports and create verbal, cognitive and emotional closeness. The personal relationships that develop through such adjustments ultimately facilitate sales transactions, whose meaning is socially constructed by both parties.
Keywords: adaptive selling; articles de sport; compétences informelles; confiance; relation de service; salespeople; sensemaking; service relationship; socio-economics; socio-économie; soft skills; sporting goods trade; travail; trust; vendeur; vente adaptative; work; « faire sens » / « construction de sens »

Responsabilisation de l’individu au travail : le rôle actif du manager lu par le modèle triangulaire de responsabilité - Pierre Elias, Nelly; Juban, Jean-Yves (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
L’exercice de la responsabilité individuelle du salarié représente un défi pour toute organisation de travail qui a besoin de comportements prévisibles et d’individus capables de répondre de leurs actes pour assurer une bonne efficience de ses activités. Dans le cadre de la théorie des rôles, le comportement prévisible d’un salarié résulte d’un processus d’influences mutuelles avec son manager. Cet article explore les marges de manoeuvre dont dispose le manager qui favorisent l’exercice de la responsabilité par le collaborateur, un sujet qui fait l’objet de peu de travaux empiriques. Notre recherche prend appui sur le modèle triangulaire de responsabilité de Schlenker et al. (1994), pour le proposer comme un modèle opérationnel dans le cadre des pratiques managériales. Une étude de cas multiple est présentée, constituée de 14 situations décrites par des managers et dans lesquelles des salariés exercent leurs responsabilités. Le canevas d’analyse intra-cas permet d’effectuer une analyse des éléments constitutifs d’une situation de responsabilité, pour assurer une lecture rétrospective de situations dans lesquelles la responsabilité a été effectivement exercée (situations « abouties »). Les processus, ascendant de généralisation et descendant de spécification, révèlent des stratégies d’action et des modes opératoires qui viennent installer ou conforter les prérequis d’une situation de responsabilité aboutie. Nous proposons une visée instrumentale et un enrichissement conceptuel du modèle triangulaire de responsabilité. Si nos résultats montrent que les managers jouent un rôle actif pour soutenir le processus de responsabilisation au travail, ils n’ont pas cherché à appréhender le rôle actif du salarié, ouvrant la voie à des travaux à poursuivre.
Keywords: Individual responsibility; Responsabilité individuelle; empowerment; evaluation; managerial relationship; relation managériale; responsabilisation; situation de travail; work situation; évaluation

ChatGPT and the Commodification of Knowledge Work - Popowich, Sam (CAUT Journal, 2024)
This article explores the effects of generative AI software like ChatGPT on academic labour. Beginning with an account of the commodification of knowledge work and higher education under neoliberalism, it argues that the class position of both academics and students has become muddied. In order to properly understand how ChatGPT can and will affect the academy, including academic libraries, we need to get clearer on the class position of knowledge workers (including students) and the role technology plays in the capitalist mode of production. Only then can we engage in labour activism and forge links of solidarity in full awareness of the class composition and technological structures of knowledge work.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; capitalism; libraries; marxism

An Unexpected Alliance: A Participatory Case Study of Labour-Environmentalist Collaboration for Better Transit in the Central Okanagan - Pulles, Kirstin (University of British Columbia, 2024)
This thesis investigates the role of Kelowna’s public transit union (the Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1722 – ATU 1722) and a youth-led environmental group (Fridays for Future Kelowna) in the formation of the Okanagan Transit Alliance (OTA). The OTA is a grassroots movement for better public transit in the Central Okanagan. The central research question is, "how can transit unions engage in climate activism?". A participatory activist methodology is employed to study the joint campaign for more accessible, publicly managed, and community-driven transit. The findings are organized into three themes. The first theme is ecosocialism – a political ideology which centers ecological concerns in socialist thought – because the campaign advocates for an ecosocialist goal of ending the private management of Kelowna’s transit. The findings in this area highlight the importance of organizing around people’s basic needs, uncertainty about the role of the government in the campaign, and that engaging in collective struggle is important for developing working-class power. The campaign was co-led by the ATU 1722, and so the second theme, unions, examines their role in the campaign. Under this theme are the findings that the two leading organizations developed a mutually beneficial collaboration, and that the public facing role of bus drivers helped the union build connections with the community. At the same time, contemporary union challenges impacted the ATU 1722’s ability to engage in effective advocacy. Finally, under the third theme of organizing, the research broadly explores organizing tactics to develop the climate justice movement. We found that a welcoming environment and co-creation led to high participation levels, and that relationships were fundamental to the campaign. This thesis highlights the potential of unions to play a pivotal role in climate activism, bridging the gap between labor and environmental concerns. The case of ATU 1722, Fridays for Future Kelowna, and the OTA serves as an inspiring example of how labor organizations can actively contribute to the broader movement for environmental justice and ecosocialist transformation. This study not only informs the ongoing discourse on the intersection of labor and climate activism but also inspires future collaborations for anti-capitalist climate justice.

Making Space for Creativity: Cultural Initiatives of Sudbury's Mine-Mill Local 598 in the Postwar Era - Quinlan, Elizabeth (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Discusses the efforts of the Sudbury local of the Mine-Mill union in the post-World War II era to develop a distinct political-cultural community including through a multi-purpose union hall, dance school, and theatre company. Concludes that Mine-Mill's social and cultural programming was eclipsed by Cold War anti-Communism and the bitter battle with the United Steelworkers of America to represent the workers.
Keywords: Mill and Smelter Workers; Mine; Nelson Thibault; Sudbury; culture ouvrière; miners; mineurs; social unionism; syndicalisme social; working-class culture

Désobéir : le choix de Chantale Daigle - Raby, Marie-Laurence (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Désobéir : le choix de Chantale Daigle," by Daniel Thibault et Isabelle Pelletier.

Pratiques GRH à haut engagement : Vers une compréhension approfondie à travers l’échange social - Rajâa, Omar; Mekkaoui, Amal (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Objectif : Cette revue systématique vise à définir de manière exhaustive les pratiques GRH à haut engagement et à analyser leur corrélation avec les indicateurs clés de l’échange social. Elle propose une définition unifiée, établit les pratiques spécifiques et leurs instruments de mesure, et explore leurs effets sur les résultats individuels et organisationnels...
Keywords: Echange social; High-commitment HR practices; Justice; Organizational performance; Pratique GRH à haut engagement; Social exchange; Support; Trust; confiance; justice; performance organisationnelle; soutien

Labour Market Gatekeepers: The Role of Human Resource Management Professionals in Immigrant Labour Market Integration in Alberta, Canada. - Redwood, Chene Royan (University of Calgary, 2024)
Despite new immigrants having higher educational attainment and an immigrant selection policy that admits “the best and the brightest,” one of Canada’s major social policy concerns is the continued deterioration of immigrants’ economic outcomes. This paradox is illustrated by data showing immigrants suffer from higher unemployment, earn less than similarly educated Canadian-born workers, face skill underutilization, and are relegated to the secondary labour market made up of low-wage, unstable jobs, lacking protections such as unemployment benefits. The underutilization of immigrant skills is economically disastrous; it costs the Canadian economy $50 billion yearly. While many studies discuss immigrants' poor labour market integration, offering explanations such as immigrant human capital factors or macroeconomic condition factors, few explore the role of meso-level organizational social actors who decide which immigrants are recruited, shortlisted, and ultimately hired. This dissertation seeks to fill this gap by exploring the role of Human Resource Management (HRM) professionals in immigrant labour market integration in Alberta. Using interviews and critical discourse analysis of HRM textbooks and course outlines, I examine HRM professional's decision-making policies, processes, considerations and constraints when evaluating immigrant applications for jobs. The study reveals that immigrants, particularly racialized immigrants, face barriers to employment in the primary labour market because of the professional and institutional logic of strategic human resource management (SHRM). SHRM promoted in HRM professional education recommends that HRM professionals prioritize business objectives over equal treatment, consideration, and fairness in hiring. SHRM enables unequal power relations between hiring managers (team supervisors) and HRM professionals, which enables cultural racism to go unchecked in hiring. SHRM justifies organizational discriminatory and social closure practices as well as enables the denial of immigrant claims for employment. This is based on the perception that immigrants pose administrative burdens and financial risks stemming from the misidentification of immigrants as temporary migrants and possessing human capital and cultural deficiencies. Hiring decision-makers often do not rely on objective assessments like work sampling tests when making hiring decisions. Instead, when evaluating immigrant job applicants, they rely on racial cultural stereotypes and signals of White Canadian cultural competency as the basis for callbacks and selection.

Labour Relations in Canada - Reed, Melanie (TRU Pressbooks [Thompson Rivers University], 2024)
E-textbook that introduces Canadian labour relations, labour history, unions, collective bargaining (including resolving disputes), and grievance arbitration.
https://lrincanada.pressbooks.tru.ca/

Temporary Foreign Workers in Canadian Labour and Human Rights Tribunals: A Comparative Analysis - Reid, Taelor (University of Guelph, 2024)
Due to their status, it is difficult for temporary foreign workers to report grievances related to instances of discrimination, exploitation, harassment, abuse, and health and safety violations. While the subject of temporary migrant work and legal action has been studied before, available research focuses on the impacts of high-profile cases at the Supreme Court. As such, there is limited research about the tribunals that handle the grievances of TFWs most often. This thesis fills that gap by presenting a comparative analysis of the fortunes of temporary foreign workers in human rights tribunals and labour tribunals in Ontario and Alberta. This analysis shows the nature and outcome of these hearings have important differences that depend on the tribunal type. More specifically, human rights tribunals seem to be better equipped to assess the grievances of TFWs despite there being a higher volume of TFWs using labour tribunals.

Life at the Table: The Librarian Perspective on the Negotiating Team - Ribaric, Tim; Graebner, Carla (CAUT Journal, 2024)
Across most jurisdictions in Canada, academic librarians are members of academic staff associations. Librarians participate in union activities including committee work and participation on union executives. Librarians also frequently contribute to collective bargaining through mobilizing colleagues, identifying bargaining priorities, and crafting collective agreement language. Their direct participation in bargaining as members of collective bargaining teams, however, is relatively rare. For those librarians who have participated in bargaining, how do their motivations and experiences differ from those of the faculty members that typically make up the bulk of these teams? This paper draws on interviews with ten academic librarians who have served on negotiating teams. It explores their experiences at the negotiating table, including identifying barriers and opportunities.
Keywords: collective bargaining; librarian workload; parity; phenomenology

Not Just Nice Guys: The Growth and Constraint of the Nova Scotia Teachers’ Union, 1950-1975 - Robben, Alex (Dalhousie University, 2024)
This study traces the mid-twentieth century history of the Nova Scotia Teachers’ Union (NSTU), with particular focus on the union’s democratic, professional, and bargaining structures. Traditionally underrepresented in labour union histories, teachers’ unions are a keystone public occupation with extremely high industrial density and a complex relationship with numerous levels of government. In the period studied, teachers were paid both by provincial and local governments but were technically only allowed to bargain with the former; this relationship was instrumental in keeping teachers’ demands depressed but was too unstable to contain teacher militancy effectively. Following an interrogation of the union’s restrictive legislative and organizational foundation, the thesis analyzes the adoption of professionalism as a status-raising strategy, but with severe exclusionary tendencies. The thesis continues with a chronological recounting of provincial and local-level negotiations, the contention of which forced the union and the provincial government to renegotiate their bargaining mechanisms.
Accepted: 2024-08-30T13:51:36Z

Lightkeepers on Huu-ay-aht Shores: Indigenous Labour and Knowledge in the History of Coastal Navigation - Robertson, Jesse (BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, 2024)
The concurrent growth of steam travel and state-sponsored navigational aids—marine charts, sailing guides, lighthouses—played a complicated dual role on British Columbia’s West Coast. Such technologies allowed settlers to literally bypass the Indigenous intermediaries necessary for coastal travel in previous eras. This distancing effect shaped settler perceptions of the coast and undermined the measure of autonomy that intricate coastal environments sometimes afforded Indigenous communities. Yet lighthouse logs and government records reveal that Indigenous intermediaries remained essential for the successful functioning of navigational infrastructure into the twentieth century. This article considers the Cape Beale Lighthouse to show how the state strategically engaged Indigenous knowledge and labour to construct a navigable coast. Huu-ay-aht canoes and seafaring skills were martialed to build and provision the lighthouse. Lightkeepers learned the Chinook jargon and relied on Indigenous intermediaries to communicate with government officials in Victoria. At the same time, tensions over compensation, missing livestock, and rotting whale carcasses occasionally threatened to result in physical confrontation and intervention from Indian Agents. By examining such instances of intercultural contact, conflict, and negotiation, this article argues the construction of a navigable coast was a far more protracted process than previous studies have suggested. Ultimately, however, the article positions Cape Beale and other lighthouses as among the colonial arsenal that rendered coastal environments safer and more accessible to settlers, capital, and the state itself.
Keywords: Barkley Sound; Nuu-Chah-Nulth; Vancouver Island; land settlement; ships and shipbuilding

Academic Staff Trade Unions: The Past, Present and Future of Faculty Unionisation in Canada - Robinson, David (Research Handbook on Academic Labour Markets, 2024)
This chapter traces the development of unionisation and collective bargaining beginning in the mid-1970s amongst university and college academics with a focus on Canada. It examines the early reluctance of faculty to pursue unionisation and explores how this hesitancy was overcome. It is argued that unionisation was driven not just by concerns about pay and benefits but also by a growing awareness of the weak legal protections in Canadian law for academic freedom and tenure. Today, largely in the absence of any statutory recognition, these rights are embedded in and enforced legally through collective agreements. The chapter concludes by considering emerging issues facing faculty unions in Canada and internationally and suggests how they can adapt to meet these challenges.

Trafficking Harms: Critical Politics, Perspectives and Experiences - Roots, Katrin; De Shalit, Ann; Van der Meulen, Emily (Fernwood Publishing, 2024)
Amid the proliferating scholarship and often sensational public campaigns, Trafficking Harms offers fresh insights and critical analyses. The collection’s four thematic areas — Discourses and Representations; Law and Prosecutions; Policing and Surveillance; Migrant Labour Exploitation — examine an array of issues, including the contested definitions of human trafficking, the application of trafficking law and policy, the conflation of sex work and trafficking, the impacts of anti-trafficking frameworks on racialized communities, questions around “victims” and “traffickers” and much more. Showcasing a mix of scholarly research, public advocacy and first-person narratives, this book is the first of its kind in Canada. The authors include a diverse group of academics, legal advocates, frontline activists who work with migrant and sex-working communities, individuals who have been charged and/or convicted of trafficking offences and those who are directly impacted by trafficking law and policing, such as domestic and migrant sex workers. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1405365215
Keywords: Human trafficking Canada; Human trafficking Canada Prevention; Human trafficking Law and legislation Canada; Human trafficking Political aspects Canada; Migrant labor Canada

A Friend to Labour? The Trudeau Record on Labour Relations and Labour Rights - Ross, Stephanie (The Trudeau Record: Promise v. Performance: 25 Independent Experts Assess Key Issues from Housing to Health Care, 2024)
In this book, independent experts analyze the performance of Justin Trudeau's years in power in over 20 important areas of government policy. The record of what has been done-and what hasn't-will surprise even well-informed readers. The focus is on six policy areas: Indigenous rights, governance and housing; the environment and energy; taxes and spending; healthcare and social benefits; foreign policy, immigration, and trade; and social policy including drug reform, labour rights, and racism. Editors Katherine Scott, Laura Macdonald, and Stuart Trew of the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives have recruited Canada's most knowledgeable experts in their areas to contribute to this volume. –Publisher's description
https://canadiandimension.com/articles/view/how-did-trudeaus-performance-stack-up-to-his-promises OCLC: 1439041202
Keywords: Administration publique (Science) Canada Évaluation; Canada Politics and government 2015- Evaluation; Canada Politics and government 21st century Evaluation; Canada Politique et gouvernement 21e siècle Évaluation; Public administration Canada Evaluation; Trudeau; Justin

Shifting Gears: Canadian Autoworkers and the Changing Landscape of Labour Politics - Ross, Stephanie; Savage, Larry (UBC Press, 2024)
In the decades following the Second World War, autoworkers were at the forefront of the labour movement. Their union urged members to rally in the streets and use the ballot box to effect change for all working-class people. But by the turn of this century, the Canadian Auto Workers union had begun to pursue a more defensive political direction. "Shifting Gears" traces the evolution of CAW strategy from transformational activism to transactional politics. Class-based collective action and social democratic electoral mobilization gave way to transactional partnerships as relationships between the union, employers, and governments were refashioned. This new approach was maintained when the CAW merged with the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union in 2013 to create Unifor, Canada’s largest private-sector union. Stephanie Ross and Larry Savage explain how and why the union shifted its political tactics, offering a critical perspective on the current state of working-class politics. – Publisher's description
https://www.readthemaple.com/canadian-autoworkers-and-the-changing-landscape-of-labour-politics/ OCLC: 1429289513
Keywords: CAW-Canada History; Labor unions Political activity Canada History; Syndicats Activité politique Canada Histoire; Unifor (Labor union) History

Does Work-Life Reconciliation Increase Employee Retention? The Mediating Role of Employees’ Perceived Stress - Salehi, Ali; Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Today, retaining skilled and talented employees is one of the main concerns of organizations. To this end, various policies have been considered in recent years, including policies to reconcile work with personal life. We sought to investigate the effect of work-life reconciliation on employee retention while considering the mediating role of employees’ perceived stress. In 2023, we surveyed a sample of Quebec employees who are caring for young children or other family members. In general, work-life reconciliation policies significantly increase employee retention. We also studied how employees’ perceived stress, due to work-life conflict and insufficient annual income, mediate the effect of work-life reconciliation on employee retention. Although caring for children under 18 or other family members increases employees’ perceived stress, it does not directly affect employee retention. In sum, we found that employee retention can be increased through policies that promote work-life reconciliation and thereby reduce perceived stress. Our findings have important implications and may help managers and employees implement policies to reconcile work with personal life, decrease stress, and thus increase employee retention.
Keywords: Conciliation/équilibre/ et conflit entre vie professionnelle et vie privée; Work-life reconciliation and conflict; annual income; employee retention; perceived stress; revenu annuel; rétention de la main-d’oeuvre; stress perçu

Missed Opportunities: A Parallel Report on Canada’s Implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action - Scott, Katherine (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2024)
This report provides an assessment of Canada’s progress in meeting the goals for gender equality set out in the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. Adopted unanimously by 189 countries including Canada in 1995, the Beijing Declaration is the most progressive global blueprint ever for advancing women’s rights. The report examines Canada’s progress over the last 30 years in areas ranging from reproductive health to women’s economic standing and the status of marginalized women in Canada. The report was produced by the Beijing +30 Network which represents more than 70 women’s rights and equality-seeking organizations, trade unions and independent experts representing millions of members from across the country.

Work in Progress: Women in Canada’s Changing Post-Pandemic Labour Market - Scott, Katherine (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2024)
The COVID-19 pandemic wiped out 35 years of women’s economic gains in two short months. At the height of the lockdown, women were working 27 per cent fewer hours, in the aggregate, than in February 2020. In total, 2.8 million women lost their job or were working less than half of their regular hours because of the March 2020 economic lockdowns. This report examines what’s happened to women in the workforce since. It finds mixed reviews: many women in higher-paying jobs are now doing better than before the pandemic. However, women in low-paying, pandemic-vulnerable jobs and in the care economy are still having a rough time of things. The COVID-19 crisis illustrated both the shortcomings of existing policies and institutions and what’s possible with strong public leadership. The imperative now is to apply the lessons of COVID-19 in service of a more resilient and inclusive labour market and gender-just future. Institutional reforms and greater awareness of the damaging impacts of gender disparities may yet create opportunities for systemic change. –Website description

The Trudeau Record: Promise v. Performance: 25 Independent Experts Assess Key Issues from Housing to Health Care - Scott, Katherine; Macdonald, Laura; Trew, Stuart (Lorimer, 2024)
In this book, independent experts analyze the performance of Justin Trudeau’s years in power in over 20 important areas of government policy. The record of what has been done–and what hasn’t–will surprise even well-informed readers. The focus is on six policy areas: Indigenous rights, governance and housing; the environment and energy; taxes and spending; healthcare and social benefits; foreign policy, immigration, and trade; and social policy including drug reform, labour rights, and racism. Editors Katherine Scott, Laura Macdonald, and Stuart Trew of the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives have recruited Canada’s most knowledgeable experts in their areas to contribute to this volume. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1439041202
Keywords: Administration publique (Science) Canada Évaluation; Canada Politics and government 2015- Evaluation; Canada Politics and government 21st century Evaluation; Canada Politique et gouvernement 21e siècle Évaluation; Public administration Canada Evaluation; Trudeau; Justin

Multiscalar Toxicities: Counter-Mapping Worker's Health in the Nail Salon - Shadaan, Reena (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
This article analyzes nail technicians' occupational health experiences using body and hazard mapping – a visual, low-cost, and worker-centred approach. Thirty-seven Toronto-based nail technicians from predominantly Vietnamese, Chinese, and Korean communities identified various occupational illnesses, injuries, and symptoms on visual representations of human bodies (body mapping) and linked these to their hazard sources in the nail salon (hazard mapping). The impacts identified include musculoskeletal aches and pains, stress and mental health concerns, various symptoms linked to chemical exposure, and concerns about cancer and reproductive health. Rather than a conventional occupational health approach, this work draws on Vanessa Agard-Jones' expansion of the "body burden" as more than the bioaccumulation of chemical agents. As such, this article asserts that nail technicians' body burden encompasses various types of occupational illnesses and injuries. In addition, nail technicians are exposed to broader "toxic" systemic inequities and structural conditions that allow these workplace exposures to occur and persist. By illustrating the embodied and experiential knowledges of nail technicians and contextualizing this lived experience, the body and hazard maps illuminate vast layers of harm – or multiscalar toxicities – borne by nail technicians. Moreover, as a group-based method, body and hazard mapping allow collective reflection and can spur worker mobilization toward safer and fairer nail salons.
Keywords: body mapping; cartographie corporelle; cartographie des risques; hazard mapping; multiscalar toxicities; nail salon; occupational health; salon de manucure; santé du travail; toxicités multiniveaux

To Live Is to Resist: The Life of Antonio Gramsci - Shupak, Greg (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "To Live Is to Resist: The Life of Antonio Gramsci," by Jean-Yves Frétigné.

Wînipêk: Visions of Canada from an Indigenous Centre - Sinclair, Niigaanwewidam James (McClelland & Stewart, 2024)
The story of a people told through the story of a city. Niigaan Sinclair is often accused of being angry in his columns. But how can he not be? In a collection of writing that spans the discovery of hundreds of unmarked graves at residential school sites, the murder of young Indigenous girls, and the indifference towards the basic human rights of his family members, this book is inspired by his award-winning columns 'from the centre.' Niigaan examines the state of urban Indigenous life and legacy. At a crucial moment in Canada's reckoning with its crimes against the Indigenous peoples of the land, one of our most essential writers begins at the centre, capturing a web spanning centuries of community, art, and resistance. Based on years' worth of columns in the Winnipeg Free Press, CBC, and elsewhere, Niigaan Sinclair delivers a defining essay collection on the resilience of Indigenous peoples. Here, we meet the creators, leaders, and everyday people preserving the beauty of their heritage one day at a time. But we also meet the ugliest side of settler colonialism, and the communities who suffer most from its atrocities. Sinclair uses the story of Winnipeg to illuminate the reality of Indigenous life all over what is called Canada. This is a book that demands change and celebrates those fighting for it, that reminds us of what must be reconciled and holds accountable those who must do the work. It's a book that reminds us of the power that comes from loving a place, even as that place is violently taken away from you, and the magic of fighting your way back to it. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1388371569
Keywords: Canada; Canada Ethnic relations; Canadian essays; Colonialisme de peuplement Canada; Essays; Ethnic relations; Indigenous peoples; Indigenous peoples Canada; Indigenous peoples Canada Social conditions; Indigenous peoples Canada Social life and customs; Indigenous peoples Social conditions; Indigenous peoples Social life and customs; Peuples autochtones Canada; Peuples autochtones Canada Conditions sociales; Peuples autochtones Canada Mœurs et coutumes; Settler colonialism; Settler colonialism Canada

“Workers in Saskatchewan Now Have a Clear-Cut Bill of Rights”: Labour Law, Social Democracy, and the Saskatchewan Trade Union Act, 1944–1950 - Smith, Charles (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
This paper examines the politics surrounding the construction, implementation, and administration of the Saskatchewan Trade Union Act (stua) between 1944 and 1950. The act is important because it reflects the first attempt by a social democratic government in North America to construct a system of labour law that ostensibly aligned socialist ideas with the rights of workers to form trade union freedoms. This makes the stua unique in Canadian labour and political history because the legislation demonstrated the policy priorities of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (ccf) and the Canadian Congress of Labour as both organizations were attempting to solidify their places in postwar Canada. This history reflects the fact that the ccf and the unions, like the left in general throughout the 1940s and 1950s, defined the working class narrowly, focusing attention on white and male breadwinners with women and racialized workers very much on the periphery. The history also demonstrates the inherent contradiction within social democratic reform politics, as the act extended numerous rights to workers to organize and collectively bargain but when those same workers pushed back against government decision-making during the province’s first public-sector strike in 1948, political tensions found many of those same social democrats acting in similar manners to their private-sector counterparts. These tensions within social democratic approaches to labour relations – so evident in the Saskatchewan experience – have become a central contradiction of the movement throughout the postwar period and continue today.
Keywords: Canadian Congress of Labour (CCL); Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF); Saskatchewan; Trade Union Act; gender; labour law; public-sector strikes; social democracy

The Moving Past: A Collection of Archival Films (2024)
The Moving Past, a collection of Canadian archival films, is a website for anyone with an interest in history. For educators, these are innovative, accessible sources of history and tools for teaching. These century-old films cover a wide range of subjects and were highly popular in the era they were made. Both documentaries and narrative films are featured on this site. The former provides details about work and workplaces or important societal changes. Narrative films feature moral lessons that tell us much about attitudes and social values. –Website description
https://activehistory.ca/blog/2024/09/17/a-window-on-the-past-introducing-the-moving-past-streaming-website/ https://www.lltjournal.ca/index.php/llt/article/view/6366

“The Moving Past”: Early 20th-Century Canadian Archival Films about Work - Sobel, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Discusses the early 20th century films on work that were produced under the auspices of the Canadian federal and Ontario provincial governments. Provides detail on a select number of films, which are a significant source for labour history. Concludes by noting that the films may be viewed on the website, "The Moving Past."
Keywords: Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau; Canadian history; Ontario Motion Picture Bureau; archival film; early documentary film; labour

The Importance of Unions in Reducing Racial Inequality - Stanford, Jim; Khan, Salmaan; Ng, Winnie (Centre for the Future of Work, 2024)
The Centre for Future Work has released new research regarding union coverage and wages across different racialized categories of Canadian workers. The report also contains a review of efforts by Canadian unions to improve their representation of Black and racialized workers, and recommendations for strengthening the union movement’s practices.
https://centreforfuturework.ca/2024/08/13/the-importance-of-unions-in-reducing-racial-inequality/

Remembering Natalie Zemon Davis - Strong-Boag, Veronica; Kealey, Linda; Stewart, Mary Lynn (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Pays homage to the feminist social and cultural historian, Natalie Zemon Davis (1928-2023).

Labour, Social Reproduction, and Refugee Politics: ‘Women’s Work’ Amongst Hungarian Romani Families in Canada - Swerdlyk, Sara (Dialectical Anthropology, 2024)
This article analyses the intersections of labour, social reproduction, and refugee politics through an ethnographic case study of Hungarian Romani families living in Canada. Building off of recent anthropological debates on surplus populations, the article frames the life activities of asylum-seekers as a form of labour, paying particular attention to gender and the dynamics of ‘women’s work.’ The main question explored is: what sort of life-sustaining strategies do refugees engage in when they are excluded from both wage labour and citizenship regimes? The key argument put forward is that Hungarian Romani asylum-seeking to Canada should be understood as a social reproduction strategy and a type of gendered work that has emerged in the contemporary conditions of global neoliberal capitalism. Through ethnographic fieldwork, I explore how the asylum-seeking activities of Romani families are embedded in gendered divisions of work in which gaining access to refugee status and state social support in Canada is regarded as an extension of domestic labour and familial care work, typically done by the maternal figures of the family. Moreover, the ‘women’s work’ of securing refugee support is recognized by Romani families as a legitimate form of paid work, a kind of ‘bread winning’. Reflecting on these fieldwork findings, I propose an expanded approach to social reproduction theory that is attentive to the unwaged, informal, and life-making work of refugees and surplus populations, ultimately arguing for a breakdown of the dichotomy between the ‘economic migrant’ and the ‘political refugee’ in light of the social totality of capitalism.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10624-024-09729-9

Why Canada Needs Postal Banking - Thériault, Luc (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Why Canada Needs Postal Banking ," by John Anderson.

Trade Unions and the British Industrial Relations Crisis: An Intellectual Biography of Hugh Clegg - Thwaites, James (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Trade Unions and the British Industrial Relations Crisis: An Intellectual Biography of Hugh Clegg," by Peter Ackers.

Une évaluation de la stratégie d’incitation financière à l’emploi des personnes âgées au Québec - Tircher, Pierre (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Notre recherche recense la mise en place depuis 2008 de quatre types d’incitatifs financiers au Québec et au Canada : l’autorisation du cumul de revenu d’emploi et de rentes de retraite, un crédit d’impôt destiné à l’offre de travail, un mécanisme de bonus-malus sur les rentes de retraite et un crédit d’impôt destiné à la demande de travail. Ces changements représentent une reconfiguration de la logique institutionnelle du système de retraite orientée vers le maintien prolongé des personnes âgées en emploi. Notre travail a pour principale question de recherche d’évaluer les effets de ces incitatifs financiers sur la participation des personnes âgées au marché du travail, sur le type d’emploi occupé et sur l’intensité de celui-ci. À partir des microdonnées maîtres de l’Enquête sur la population active de 2000 à 2023 et en employant la méthode des différences dans les différences, nous avons évalué au sein d’un même modèle l’efficacité de ces quatre types d’incitatifs financiers. Nos résultats montrent que toutes les mesures ont exercé une influence modérée à la hausse sur l’activité des personnes âgées, l’incitatif le plus efficace étant la possibilité de cumuler des revenus d’emploi et des rentes de retraite. Sur le plan du temps de travail, les mesures incitatives ont peu influencé l’intensité du travail et le recours au temps partiel, ce qui s’explique par des effets opposés selon les mesures mises en place. Ces résultats mènent à la conclusion que davantage d’efforts devraient être entrepris pour accommoder les conditions d’emploi des personnes âgées pour influencer plus efficacement celles-ci à demeurer sur le marché du travail.
Keywords: Older workers; Travailleurs âgés; demographic aging; incitatifs fiscaux; pension plans; public employment policies; public policy evaluation; régimes de retraite; tax incentives; vieillissement démographique; work incentives; évaluation de politiques publiques

Le marxisme et l'oppression des femmes. Vers une théorie unitaire - Toupin, Louise (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Le marxisme et l'oppression des femmes. Vers une théorie unitaire," by Lise Vogel.

Making the Most of the CUSMA [Canadian-United States-Mexico Agreement] Review: Worker- and Climate-Focused Options for Strengthening North American Economic, Social, and Environmental Co-Operation - Trew, Stuart; Archer, Simon; DiCaro, Angelo; Fridell, Gavin; Macdonald, Laura; McPherson, Mary; Rowlinson, Mark (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2024)
In 2026, the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement will be up for review—and the possibility of political shakeups means that governments should start preparing now. This report assesses the functioning of CUSMA to date and suggests ways to expand on the rights-based and worker-centred novelties in the agreement that improved upon the original NAFTA. Though national elections will transform governments in all three countries between now and the 2026 review, the worker-centred trade policy of the current U.S. administration will likely live on. For political, geoeconomic and national security reasons, a bipartisan consensus has emerged on the need to renew North America’s manufacturing base and better protect workers from subsidized—financially or through weaker labour and environmental standards—foreign competition. This report examines how Canada could prepare, and goals to strive towards, starting today.

Somethings Old, Somethings New and a Lot That's Blue: Political Economic Reflections on Worker Subordination and the Law in Contemporary Capitalism - Tucker, Eric (Osgoode Digital Commons, 2024)
Debates over worker subordination are central to discussions of the efficacy of protective labour and employment law whose central mission in a capitalist political economy, after all, is to reduce but not eliminate subordination. When protective labour and employment law seems to be fulfilling its mission discussions of worker subordination seem to ebb, but the topic becomes more urgent as the efficacy of the law declines. Not surprisingly, as labour law’s efficacy has been declining over the past several decades, we are in the midst of a revival of debates over worker subordination, the premise of this special issue. While many seek to revive the classic mission of labour and employment law, ameliorating the worst excesses of subordination, while leaving in place labour’s structural dependency on capital, the goal of this article is to revisit and elaborate a marxist political economy perspective to demonstrate that workers’ structural subordination to capital is deepening and that this limits the possibility of achieving much of the reformist agenda. While there are no easy ways of overcoming that structural subordination, a progressive reform agenda must centre that subordination and think about how labour laws might contribute to a transformative project. –Introduction

Feminization of Equity-Deserving Work in the Third Sector - Tulli-Shah, Mia; Sayadi, Ghada; Giwa, Aisha; Kandemiri, Myra; Hurley, Nat; Salami, Bukola (Women's Studies International Forum, 2024)
Non-profit work plays a vital role in connecting policy and community, as well as providing essential services in Canada. However, evidence suggests that despite being often engaged in equity seeking work, many non-profit organizations remain sites of inequity and marginalization among service provider staff. In this qualitative study, researchers conducted interviews with representatives from 60 organizations across the province of Alberta, Canada. Using intersectionality and thematic analysis, the study identified three key themes across issues related to the feminization of gender-equity seeking work in the third sector. First, economic exploitation, including low pay across the non-profit sector, and pay discrepancies across positions within non-profit work, impact staff in gendered and racialized ways. Second, uneven labour expectations compound exploitation through failures of performative Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI), unpaid labour expectations, and gender bias both within and outside of organizational structure. Third, service provider capacities are being restricted through staff mental health challenges and burnout, staff use of the services they provide clients, and challenges with worker retention. Organizations and funders may address these inequities by demanding transparency in promotion policies to ensure women and gender-diverse people, particularly those who are racialized, have fair access to management and leadership positions, as well as by reforming funding structures to encourage more equitable pay.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277539524000359
Keywords: EDI; Feminization; Gender; Intersectionality; Labour exploitation; Mental health; Non-profit

L’HUMAIN plus qu’une ressource au coeur de la gestion - Turki, Sondes (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "L’HUMAIN plus qu’une ressource au coeur de la gestion," edited by François Bernard Malo, James D. Thwaites and Yves Hallée.

The Rough Poets: Reading Oil-Worker Poetry - Unrau, Melanie Dennis (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2024)
Oil workers are often typecast as rough: embodying the toxic masculinity, racism, consumerist excess, and wilful ignorance of the extractive industries and petrostates they work for. But their poetry troubles these assumptions, revealing the fear, confusion, betrayal, and indignation hidden beneath tough personas. The Rough Poets presents poetry by workers in the Canadian oil and gas industry, collecting and closely reading work published between 1938 and 2019: S.C. Ells’s Northland Trails, Peter Christensen’s Rig Talk, Dymphny Dronyk’s Contrary Infatuations, Mathew Henderson’s The Lease, Naden Parkin’s A Relationship with Truth, Lesley Battler’s Endangered Hydrocarbons, and Lindsay Bird’s Boom Time. These writers are uniquely positioned, Melanie Dennis Unrau argues, both as petropoets who write poetry about oil and as theorists of petropoetics with unique knowledge about how to make and unmake worlds that depend on fossil fuels. Their ambivalent, playful, crude, and honest petropoetry shows that oil workers grieve the environmental and social impacts of their work, worry about climate change and the futures of their communities, and desire jobs and ways of life that are good, safe, and just. How does it feel to be a worker in the oil and gas industry in a climate emergency, facing an energy transition that threatens your way of life? Unrau takes up this question with the respect, care, and imagination necessary to be an environmentalist reader in solidarity with oil workers. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1430496588
Keywords: Canadian poetry (English) 20th century History and criticism; Canadian poetry (English) 21st century History and criticism; Canadian poetry 20th century History and criticism; Canadian poetry 21st century History and criticism; Literary criticism; Petroleum industry and trade in literature

Pathways to Precariousness: Canada’s Intentional Failure of Migrant and Undocumented Care Workers - Van Katwyk, Trish; Jeyakumaran, Atheven; Wong, Veen (University of Waterloo, 2024)
In this report, we, the research team, are going to consider the policies that come together to create an exploitative and precarious labour conditions for migrant care workers, who are predominantly financially challenged racialized women. We have conducted a systematic narrative synthesis analysis of the policies that are relevant to migrant care workers. In our consideration of these myriad policies, we will present a narrative that emerges in the coordinated design of these policies. The narrative that has emerged presented a journey to precariousness through a heightened likelihood of human rights violations that is facilitated by a network of policies and practices. We identify policies and practices that obscure care workers and the conditions of their labour, as well as the discriminatory impact of various policies and practices that support devaluing and delegitimizing the identities and labour of care workers. Finally, we consider the ways in which multiple policies and practices come together to create significant authorities with the capacity to surveil, restrict, and punish workers.... Executive summary
Also available in French translation: Chemins vers la précarité : la défaillance intentionnelle du Canada envers les travailleurs soignants migrants et sans papiers https://dspacemainprd01.lib.uwaterloo.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/59a72afb-cea2-4141-b700-0dab0163ef6a/content

Off the Side of the Desk: Equity Work in Canadian Teaching and Learning Centres - Vander Kloet, Marie A. (International Journal for Academic Development, 2024)
Canadian higher education has been critiqued for its inequitable structures and failure to change despite claiming to be inclusive. This paper considers the experiences of 15 academic developers who engage in varied forms of institutional equity work. By focusing on how their work takes place, why they pursue equity work and their relationships with co-workers, I open a critical discussion of how prepared Canadian teaching and learning centres are to support equity work. By examining equity work and how it is supported, I intend to contribute to ongoing dialogues about the urgency of structural change in Canadian academic development workplaces.
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/1360144X.2024.2364709
Keywords: Canadian higher education; Equity; Whiteness; academic development

Navigating Precarious Paths: An Assessment of the Open Work Permit for Vulnerable Migrant Workers - Weeks, Alyssa (Dalhousie University, 2024)
Temporary migrant workers on closed work permits are vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. To address this precarity, the Government of Canada introduced the Open Work Permit for Vulnerable Workers (OWP-V) in June 2019. This permit allows migrant workers in abusive situations, or at risk of abuse, to leave their employers and find new work in Canada for up to 12 months. Drawing from secondary literature, policy analysis and qualitative interviews with migrant support workers and experts, this research assesses the implementation of the OWP-V policy in the Maritimes by examining its benefits and critiques. This research demonstrates that although some perceive the policy as a step in the right direction, significant barriers remain that hinder the effectiveness of the OWP-V in removing migrants from abusive conditions. Further findings demonstrate that even with systemic and technological improvements, stakeholders remain dissatisfied with the policy as it fails to protect migrant workers from re-entering cycles of abuse and exploitation, serving only as temporary relief. To improve the implementation of this policy, stakeholders provided several suggestions pertaining to accessibility, language options, processing times, and inspections. Overall, this thesis argues that while these changes could help improve the working conditions of temporary migrant workers in Canada, substantial systemic issues remain.

A Tale of Two Centuries? Expanding Constitutional Labour Rights in Canada and Their Impact on Legislation, Conflict and Wages - Weinberg, Bradley R. (British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2024)
Using collective agreement and strike data from the Canadian Federal and provincial jurisdictions for the years 1978–2019, this study examines the effect that various legislative regimes that govern public‐sector bargaining disputes have on the incidence, duration and cost of conflict. This study seeks to replicate and improve previous estimates related to this topic but also extends the analysis to examine changes to the legal environment in Canada in which labour rights have been increasingly enshrined in constitutional law through the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This study finds, in contrast to previous studies, that the legislative regime impacts the way agreements are settled when disputes occur but not the likelihood of a directly negotiated agreement prior to impasse. It also highlights some differences in contract and wage settlements prior to and after the constitutionalization of labour rights in Canada.

The Right to Work: Rhetoric and Reality in Canada - Wilkinson, Lori; Ogoe, Sally (Forced Migration in/to Canada: From Colonization to Refugee Resettlement, 2024)
Forced migration shaped the creation of Canada as a settler state and is a defining feature of our contemporary national and global contexts. Many people in Canada have direct or indirect experiences of refugee resettlement and protection, trafficking, and environmental displacement. Offering a comprehensive resource in the growing field of migration studies, Forced Migration in/to Canada is a critical primer from multiple disciplinary perspectives. Researchers, practitioners, and knowledge keepers draw on documentary evidence and analysis to foreground lived experiences of displacement and migration policies at the municipal, provincial, territorial, and federal levels. From the earliest instances of Indigenous displacement and settler colonialism, through Black enslavement, to statelessness, trafficking, and climate migration in today's world, contributors show how migration, as a human phenomenon, is differentially shaped by intersecting identities and structures. Particularly novel are the specific insights into disability, race, class, social age, and gender identity. Situating Canada within broader international trends, norms, and structures–both today and historically–Forced Migration in/to Canada provides the tools we need to evaluate information we encounter in the news and from government officials, colleagues, and non-governmental organizations. It also proposes new areas for enquiry, discussion, research, advocacy, and action. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1434654315
Keywords: Canada Emigration and immigration; Forced migration Canada; Refugees Canada; Réfugiés Canada; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Emigration & Immigration

Shifting Gears: Canadian Autoworkers and the Changing Landscape of Labour Politics - Wilson, Fred; Stanford, Jim (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Shifting Gears: Canadian Autoworkers and the Changing Landscape of Labour Politics," by Stephanie Ross and Larry Savage.

Spatial Labour Control: Experiencing Labour Mobility in the Chinese/Asian Restaurant Industry in the United States - Wu, Tommy (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
This article contributes to understanding the relationship between mobilities and labour control. Focusing on the expansion of the Chinese/Asian restaurant industry in the United States during the last two decades and drawing from a multi-sited, multi-scalar ethnography, the concept of spatial labour control is employed to explicate the various forms of labour control and the mechanisms that contribute to the autogenous reproduction of the industry's out-of-state work arrangement. Specifically, a spatial lens reveals paternalistic control over workers' food and housing, spatial control over workers' morals and affect, and control over workers' mobilities. Moreover, workers' constant relocation to new work destinations to combat social isolation and feelings of restlessness unintentionally reproduces the circulation of atomized labour for the industry. Such conditions are inconducive to collectively addressing labour discontent.
Keywords: Chinese immigrants; contrôle du travail; espace; ethnographie multisites; food workers; immigrant·es chinois·es; labour control; labour process; mobilities; mobilités; multi-sited ethnography; procès de travail; space; travailleurs et travailleuses de l'alimentation

“Patriotic Heroes” and “Foreign Laborers”: Politics of Media and Public Discourses on Essential Workers and Migrant Workers in Canada During the COVID-19 - Yin, Siyuan (International Journal of Communication, 2024)
During COVID-19, politicians and the media in North America spotlighted the contributions of essential workers. As many low-income essential services are performed by migrant workers, this study explores how the pandemic served as a critical moment to raise societal awareness of the disadvantaged circumstances faced by migrant workers and to garner public support for their rights and equality. Engaging with scholarly critiques of media representation of underprivileged migrant groups and migration and labor scholars’ work on migrant workers in Canada, the study examines mainstream media discourse and public discourse on essential workers and migrant workers in Canada during the pandemic. Adopting thematic and critical discourse analysis, the study reveals that nationalist ideology, intersected with capitalist and neoliberal ideologies, prevents the public from forming solidarity with migrant workers, although overt racist and xenophobic discourse diminishes, and advocacy voices begin to gain higher visibility in mainstream media. The study contends that mobilizing broader public support to tackle inequalities remains a crucial issue in the context of transnational labor migration.
Number: 0
Keywords: COVID-19; Canada; essential workers; labor migration; migrant workers

The Affective Basis of Judgements and Narratives Surrounding Sexual Commerce in Western Canada in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries - York-Bertram, Sarah Elizabeth (York University, 2024)
This dissertation undertakes an affective reading of late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century Canadian primary sources through which to analyze the affective basis of judgments and narratives surrounding sexual commerce. Situated in the interdisciplinary subfield of the history of emotions, this dissertation centres sexual commerce as a site of colonial worldmaking in what are currently the southern regions of the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta, and traces emotional through-lines across fields in social space. Beginning with a self-reflexive prologue drawing from a method feminist theorist Clare Hemmings (2011) terms “situated horror,” this dissertation then turns to the Dominion of Canada’s post-1867 westward expansion, its legal mechanisms, and affective mobilizations. Across the empire, Britain tied legislative powers to feelings that reflected its goals, ideal social order, and habitus of its peoples. Like a mathematical equation, peace in the colonies would emerge through order and good government and law-abiding citizens would be its beneficiaries. That equation was integral to the shift from a fur trade economy to a settler colonial one oriented toward a British imperial and Canadian economic disposition. The corollary effect of the equation was the normalization of British and Canadian views on what constituted peace, their conceptions of capital, and the conceptual transplant of disorderly figures, such as the “rebel,” the “vagrant,” and the “prostitute” – or, broadly, people defined as “outlaws.” Three main sites of colonial worldmaking are examined in this work: that of the journalistic field in chapter four, that of the political field in chapter five, and that of the juridical field in chapter six. By tracing emotion in oft-cited, and not-so-oft-cited, primary sources that discuss concerns about and responses to sexual commerce, the emotions underpinning narratives and judgments surrounding sexual commerce become evident. This method offers an emotions history of western Canadian colonial expansion, revealing how sex workers, histories of sex work, and feelings about sexual commerce were integral to Canadian worldmaking. Responses to sexual commerce were informed by the Dominion of Canada’s worldmaking mission, concerns over human unfreedom, and dynamic social positionings in emergent settler colonial society. British imperial and Canadian whiteness were produced through gendered-racialized processes of differentiation at the local, municipal, provincial, federal, and imperial levels. White men’s feelings of satisfaction dominated in this history, as they intensified their gendered monopoly on resources, space, and authority in a region that had been known as Indigenous peoples’ territories. This analysis of masculinized emotions contributes to the feminist theorization of colonialism and sexuality.

Queer Utopian Theory for Transformative Change in Theatre Organizations - Zarrillo, Maria (Royal Roads University, 2024)
Canadian theatre has the potential to incite social change but inequitable working environments within theatre organizations have hindered this prospect. The sector needs new frameworks to improve conditions for arts workers. Inspired by several scholars such as José Esteban Muñoz, Jack Halberstam, and Lee Edelman, I look to the concept of queer utopia to address inequities within the theatre sector, with a focus on the role of theatre organizations. By defining Queer Utopian Theory (QUT), analyzing calls to action in the Canadian theatre sector, and employing three focus groups, I created a Queer Utopian framework for Canadian theatre organizations to answer the research question: What is the utility of the concept of queer utopia in addressing inequities in the Canadian theatre sector? My research found that relationship building, embracing fear, and subverting socio-political norms are aspects of QUT that are of utility to organizational leaders who wish to foster equitable environments.

Exploring Youth Preferences for Collective Action: A Comparison of a Grassroots Initiative with a Union-Led One - Zientara, Piotr; Adamska-Mieruszewska, Joanna (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Summary: Many young individuals now prioritize involvement in collective action as a means to instigate societal change. Crucially, they have access to social media platforms, which help them connect with like-minded peers and coordinate efforts. Some of them may be thus more inclined to favour less conventional collective action over formal union membership. In this study, which draws on data from young British workers during the period from December 2022 to March 2023, we endeavoured to ascertain this cohort’s preferred approach to collective action. We distinguished between an informal grassroots initiative and one led by a labour union as a means to advance the rights of gig economy workers. To this end, we conducted a controlled online experiment. We focused exclusively on a specific age cohort within a particular timeframe, thus limiting our ability to determine generational differences in preferences for collective action and in attitudes toward unions. Nevertheless, the results do offer insights into the forms of collective action preferred by Generation Z. British youth were found to view the informal grassroots initiative more positively than the union-led one. However, they viewed the latter as potentially having greater influence on government policy. Furthermore, they were not significantly more willing to join one initiative than the other. Nonetheless, they were more inclined to recommend the grassroots initiative. This paper contributes to the body of research on the relationship between labour unions and young people. It also provides insight into how members of Generation Z think about various ways of participating in collective action.
Keywords: UK; bottom-up initiatives; organized labour; social activism; youth

Filling the Gap in Employment Insurance for Self-Employed and Gig Workers - Feldmann, Gabrielle (Policy Options, 2023)
Employment insurance should deal with misclassification and extend emergency support to those who now fall through the cracks.

Dreaming of Home Care Futures - Linton, Megan; Hande, Mary Jean; Tungohan, Ethel (Briarpatch, 2023)
Without a public home-care system, disabled people are forced to choose between living in a long-term care home, medical assistance in dying, and hiring an underpaid migrant home-care worker. ...As organizers, former care workers, and care receivers, we – Megan Linton, Mary Jean Hande, and Ethel Tungohan – know the transformative potential of building common cause between migrant care workers and low-income home-care users. We write this article as part of the Towards Just Care project, which brings together the perspectives of low-income home-care receivers and migrant care workers to imagine a more just home-care system that doesn’t rely on global labour exploitation that displaces workers from their families and communities and that provides inadequate home-care services that endanger care receivers.

Union Density Lowers the Income Share Going to the Top 1% - Doorey, David J.; Stanford, Jim (Jacobin, 2023)
Across Canada, union coverage is inversely proportionate to inequality. From lifting wages and securing employment benefits to advocating for public programs, union power is a bulwark against inequality.

A Personal Look at Class Struggle - Tranjan, Ricardo (Monitor, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "On Class," by Deborah Dundas.

Judge Allows Players to Make Case for Rejecting $30M Settlement in CHL Minimum-Wage Lawsuit - Westhead, Rick (TSN, 2023)
A judge will allow a lawyer for two former Quebec Major Junior Hockey League players to file evidence and make verbal arguments about why a $30 million settlement in three class-action lawsuits filed by current and former Canadian Hockey League players should be rejected.
Section: chl

Labour Day: Union Members Boost the Benefits of Organized Labour, But Almost 40% Say Membership Costs Exceed Gains - Korzinski, David (Angus Reid Institute, 2023)
...A new study from the non-profit Angus Reid Institute dives deep into perceptions of labour unions, finding a nation with competing views about the value and cost of organized work in Canada, among union members and non-members alike. Overall, Canadians largely feel that unions have had a positive impact for those they represent. Three-in-five say this, approximately three-times as many as say the impact has been a net negative. The cost-benefit calculation is more divided when considering the impact of unions on the country’s economy as a whole. Two-in-five say this impact is a positive one while three-in-ten say it has been negative. Workers themselves have their own experiences. For most, union membership has been a plus. Three-in-five members of both public (62%) and private (63%) sector unions say they’re satisfied with the representation they receive. Half as many say they’re dissatisfied, suggesting there is plenty of room for improvement. Progress may come from more than one area. Overall, among those who have gone to a union representative for assistance, three-in-ten (30%) say they did not feel supported. Women are slightly more likely to say they did not feel supported (36%) than men (30%). Further, when they think about the costs of membership and the benefits they receive, two-in-five union members (39%) say they do not receive adequate benefit for what they pay. Asked which of the main federal political parties they think is currently best suited to improve their own situation, public sector union members overwhelmingly say the NDP, traditionally associated with organized labour, is the best option (49% say this, a 31-point advantage over the next option chosen). That said, those in private sector unions are less certain. One-third say the Conservative Party would be best (32%), one-third choose the NDP (32%) and 26 per cent choose the governing Liberal Party. –Website summary

Work Stoppages in Canada, by Jurisdiction and Industry: Based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) - Statistics Canada (2023)
Work stoppages, including number of work stoppages, maximum number of employees involved, average duration, and number of person-days not worked due to work stoppages by jurisdiction, industry, and sector, annually, from 1946 to 2020.
https://doi.org/10.25318/1410035201-eng

Labour Power - Milton, Jon (Monitor, 2023)
The Labour Issue: Rebuilding the working class. On International Workers’ Day, we celebrate the power of workers—together, we have the power to fundamentally transform the economy. That’s why this issue of the Monitor focuses on labour power. In his lead editorial, CCPA Senior Communications Specialist Jon Milton writes about the need to rebuild the working class in the face of persistent attacks on organized labour’s strength. –Website introduction

Annual General Meeting, convened virtually from locations across Turtle Island (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)

The Story of Work, A New History of Humanity - Adams, Roy (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The Story of Work, A New History of Humanity," by Jan Lucasssen.

Bâtir une GRH inclusive en PME au travers des relations de don/contre-don entre dirigeant et salariés - Adla, Ludivine; Gallego-Roquelaure, Virginie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cet article vise à comprendre l’émergence et le développement d’une gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) inclusive en PME. Le concept d’inclusion renvoie à l’épanouissement professionnel et à la reconnaissance des salariés (Bonneveux et al., 2020). Cette forme de GRH comporte une visée intégrative dans la mesure où elle offre la possibilité d’améliorer la collaboration notamment entre le dirigeant et ses salariés. Dans cette optique, nous avons mobilisé de façon originale la logique du don de Mauss, couplée à la littérature sur la GRH en PME afin de proposer une nouvelle grille de lecture. À partir du cas emblématique d’une PME, une étude qualitative longitudinale a été menée sur une période de 8 ans. Les résultats soulignent le décalage entre les contre-dons attendus et ceux réellement réalisés par le dirigeant, qui conditionnent in fine l’adonnement des salariés. Ce déséquilibre dans la relation amène à la construction d’une GRH inclusive.
Keywords: GRH; HRM; PME; SMEs; contre-don; counter-gift; don; gift; inclusion; relations; relationships

Harvesting Freedom: The Life of a Migrant Worker in Canada - Allahdua, Gabriel; Dunsworth, Edward (Between the Lines, 2023)
In this singular firsthand account, a former migrant worker reveals a disturbing system of exploitation at the heart of Canada’s farm labour system. When Gabriel Allahdua applied to the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program in Canada, he thought he would be leaving his home in St. Lucia to work in a country with a sterling human rights reputation and commitment to multiculturalism. Instead, breakneck quotas and a culture of fear dominated his four years in a mega-greenhouse in Ontario. This deeply personal memoir takes readers behind the scenes to see what life is really like for the people who produce Canada’s food. Now, as a leading activist in the migrant justice movement in Canada, Gabriel is fighting back against the Canadian government to demand rights and respect for temporary foreign labourers. Harvesting Freedom shows Canada’s place in the long history of slavery, colonialism, and inequality that has linked the Caribbean to the wider world for half a millennium–but also the tireless determination of Caribbean people to fight for their freedom. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1348598195
Keywords: Agricultural laborers; Foreign; Agricultural laborers; Foreign Canada Biography; Allahdua; Gabriel; Autobiographies; Biographies; Canada; Foreign workers; West Indian; Foreign workers; West Indian Canada History; History

Left Americana and the Ludlow Monument - Antaya, Sean (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Describes the author's visit to the Ludlow Monument in Ludlow, Colorado, that memorializes the 1914 massacre of striking coal miners by national guard and private security forces of the Rockefeller-owned Colorado Iron and Fuel Company. Illustrations are included.

Unpaid Work in Nursing Homes: Flexible Boundaries - Armstrong, Pat (Policy Press, 2023)

Resilience and Post-Traumatic Growth after Discriminatory Job Loss: The Case of Academics Dismissed after Turkey’s 2016 Coup - Atay, Erhan; Bayraktaroglu, Serkan (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
This study is about the impact of discriminatory job loss (DJL) on individual attitudes. It is based on interviews with 36 academics who were inequitably and involuntarily fired, and aggressively and punitively discriminated against. We extend previous research on workplace discrimination by exploring the effects of discriminatory job loss on a skilled workforce and by going beyond the job loss itself to examine coping mechanisms, resilience and post-traumatic growth. We found that gratitude, patience and optimism or pessimism about one’s future and career were leading individual factors in the ability to cope with discriminatory job loss. Such coping mechanisms, and their roles in resilience and post-traumatic growth, were described to us by academics in Turkey and abroad.
Keywords: Discriminatory job loss; Perte d'emploi discriminatoire; academic; académique; attitude; career; carrière; discrimination; involuntary job loss; perte d'emploi involontaire

Lessons in Legitimacy: Colonialism, Capitalism, and the Rise of State Schooling in British Columbia - Augustus, Camie (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Lessons in Legitimacy: Colonialism, Capitalism, and the Rise of State Schooling in British Columbia," by Sean Carleton.

Pour sortir les allumettières de l’ombre. Les ouvrières de la manufacture d’allumettes E.B. Eddy de Hull (1854-1928) - Baillargeon, Denyse (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Pour sortir les allumettières de l’ombre. Les ouvrières de la manufacture d’allumettes E.B. Eddy de Hull (1854-1928)," by Kathleeen Durocher.

Overqualification and Turnover Intention: The Significance of Work-Life Balance for Canadian-Born and Immigrant Employees - Ballesteros-Leiva, Felix; St-Onge, Sylvie; Arcand, Sébastien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Using conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002), we first investigated the direct influence of overqualification on turnover intention. Second, we tested whether the perceived work-life balance affects the relationship between overqualification and turnover intention. To that end, we used questionnaires to conduct independent field studies of two groups of Canadian workers: 227 local human resources professionals and 237 immigrant employees. Both studies confirmed that perceived overqualification increased their intention to quit their jobs. Perceived work-life balance moderated the relationship between overqualification and turnover intention only among the immigrant employees. This paper sheds light on how perceived overqualification can affect the intention to quit a job among local and immigrant employees. It also shows how perceived work-life balance can affect the relationship between perceived overqualification and the intention to quit a job.
Keywords: Canadian-born and immigrant employees; overqualification; turnover intention; work-life balance

Making Mexican Chicago: From Postwar Settlement to the Age of Gentrification - Barajas, Frank P. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Making Mexican Chicago: From Postwar Settlement to the Age of Gentrification," by Mike Amezcua.

From the Voices of Mexican Seasonal Farm Workers in Alberta - Barba González,, Maricruz (University of Alberta, 2023)
In response to labour shortages across various sectors, including agriculture, the Government of Canada created the Temporary Labour Program, one stream of which is the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). Mexico is currently the major partnering country, which runs the matching Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales (PTAT) which accounts for 43.8% of all migrant seasonal farm labourers in Canada (SRE, 2022). With the increasing number of migrant workers in Canada, there are growing concerns about their labour and living conditions. Loo (2014) and other authors contend that to improve international labour programs so as to better serve foreign workers, it is critical to learn migrant workers’ perspectives by having their voices heard. There are, however, challenges to speaking with foreign farm workers, including language differences, rural locations, long workdays, living constraints, and fear of speaking out. Most research on migrant workers has been conducted in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia, which have the highest provincial numbers. Conversely, there has been little research examining migrant workers’ experiences in the province of Alberta. My qualitative, participatory research contributes to the literature by exploring the perspectives of Mexican seasonal agriculture workers who have participated in the PTAT in Alberta. I used a focused ethnographic approach and methods of PhotoVoice and semi-structured interviews to learn about their motivations for enrolling in the PTAT and their experiences of working in the agriculture sector in this provincial context. Participants' narratives and photographic images provided information about: their motives for enrolling in the PTAT; how they navigated the application process; their lived experiences while working on farms and other agriculture businesses in Alberta; the impacts on their health and well-being; and, their perspectives on their role in Canada’s agri-food system. I also explored workers’ perspectives on being part of this international labour program during the COVID-19 pandemic and how this influenced the different stages of their experiences, both in Mexico and Canada. As part of the investigation of participants’ perspectives on health and well-being, I asked them about their access to health services and healthy and culturally appropriate food, and opportunities they had to experience community life in Alberta. Many of the findings from this research align with previous studies illuminating the vulnerable and challenging working and living conditions of migrant agricultural workers in Canada. Novel insights gained through this participatory research with Mexican migrant agriculture workers in Alberta focus on the application process and institutional context in Mexico, workers’ perspectives on their health and well-being, and their narratives and photographic images about their lived experiences in Alberta during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Les plateformes de travail numériques: polygraphie d'un nouveau modèle organisationnel - Baril, Émile; Bernier, Jean; Busso, Mariana; Jalette, Patrice; Vultur, Mircea (Presses de l'université Laval, 2023)
Au cours des dix à quinze dernières années, les plateformes de travail numériques se sont fortement développées dans différents secteurs d'activité, comme le transport de personnes et la livraison de repas, ou sous forme d'une multitude de microtâches réalisées en ligne. Des centaines de milliers de travailleurs et travailleuses se retrouvent actuellement dans cette nouvelle gig economy. Quelle est l'importance des plateformes numériques et quelle est leur signification pour le monde du travail ? Menacent-elles de supplanter les relations d'emploi traditionnelles fondées sur des contrats légalement réglementés ? Sont-elles compatibles avec les promesses d'autonomie et de liberté qui constituent leur image de marque ? Quelle est la situation vécue par les travailleurs et les travailleuses des plateformes ? Cet ouvrage tente de répondre à ces interrogations selon une perspective à la fois internationale et multidisciplinaire. Sociologues, économistes et juristes, spécialistes de la question, dressent un portrait saisissant de l'économie des plateformes numériques, analysent les effets de leur développement sur les manières de vivre le travail et soulèvent des nouveaux questionnements et enjeux sociaux pour l'action publique
OCLC: 1377223311
Keywords: Actes de congrès; Marché du travail Effets des innovations technologiques 2000-...; Organisation du travail Effets des innovations technologiques 2000-...; Travail précaire 2000-...; Uberisation Société; Économie numérique 2000-...

A Memory of Irving Abella - Bercuson, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Pays homage to the life and work of the labour and Jewish studies historian, Irving Abella (1940-2022).

Behind the Scenes: Gender Equality in Local Union Leadership - Bernard Pelletier, Marie-Pier; Le Capitaine, Catherine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
This article examines the experiences of local union presidents with respect to gender equality. Based on a qualitative case study of members of union committees dedicated to the status of women and local union presidents working in the Québec education sector, our research points to an unprecedented breakthrough of women serving as local presidents. Nevertheless, the existence of a “triple burden,” the persistence of gender stereotypes and a male union culture, the lack of training and mentoring, and the reliance on solicitation are all hindering the achievement of gender equality. Our research findings also highlight a weak representation of the diversity of social identities within the union organization studied.
Keywords: Union representation; education sector; gender; local presidents; women

Behind-the-scenes: vers l’égalité de genre au sein des présidences syndicales locales? - Bernard Pelletier, Marie-Pier; Le Capitaine, Catherine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cet article porte sur l’expérience des présidences impliquées dans les organisations syndicales locales au regard de l'égalité de genre. À partir d’une étude de cas qualitative menée auprès des membres de comités syndicaux de la condition féminine et de présidences syndicales locales du secteur de l’éducation du Québec, notre recherche fait valoir une percée sans précédent des femmes siégeant comme présidentes locales. Néanmoins, l’existence d’une « triple tâche », la persistance de stéréotypes de genre et d’une culture syndicale masculine, le manque de formation et de mentorat ainsi que le recours à la sollicitation nuisent à l’atteinte de l’égalité de genre. Nos résultats de recherche font aussi ressortir une faible représentation de la diversité des identités sociales au sein de l’organisation syndicale étudiée.
Keywords: femmes; genre; présidence locale; représentation syndicale; secteur de l’éducation

La grève de toutes les grèves - Bernatchez, Jean-Claude (Revue internationale sur le travail et la société, 2023)
Lancée en mi-novembre 2023, cette grève engage près d’un demi-million de fonctionnaires soit l’essentiel des effectifs des secteurs publics c’est-à-dire, la santé et l’éducation, du primaire au collégial . Elle représente un affrontement historique avec l'État québécois sous deux thématiques essentielles : les salaires et les charges de travail.

Deindustrializing Montreal. Entangled Histories of Race, Residence, and Class - Bérubé, Harold (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Deindustrializing Montreal. Entangled Histories of Race, Residence, and Class," by Steven High.

Penal Servitude: Convicts and Long-Term Imprisonment, 1853-1948 - Black, Lynsey (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Penal Servitude: Convicts and Long-Term Imprisonment, 1853-1948," by Helen Johnston, Barry Godfrey, and David J. Cox.

Facteurs en Europe. Le syndicalisme face à la libéralisation et aux mutations des activités postales : Belgique, Bulgarie, Espagne, France et Royaume-Uni - Bolduc, François (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Facteurs en Europe. Le syndicalisme face à la libéralisation et aux mutations des activités postales : Belgique, Bulgarie, Espagne, France et Royaume-Uni," edited by Paul Bouffartigue and Jean Vandewattyne.

Les attentes des cadres du secteur parapublic québécois à l’égard de leur représentation collective - Bolduc, François; Grenier, Jean-Noël (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
La question de la représentation collective des cadres a été remise à l’ordre du jour récemment, à la suite de l’initiative de l’Association des cadres de la Société des casinos du Québec ainsi que de l’Association professionnelle des cadres de premier niveau d’Hydro-Québec, qui ont obtenu l’autorisation du Tribunal administratif du travail de se constituer en syndicats, malgré le statut de cadre de leurs membres. Cette décision, qui a été confirmée en février 2022 par la Cour d’appel du Québec, soulève de nombreux questionnements sur le futur de la représentation collective de cette catégorie de travailleurs. Cet article entend contribuer à la réflexion sur ce thème, en mettant en lumière les attentes qu’entretiennent les cadres du secteur parapublic québécois à propos de leurs associations représentatives et de leurs modes d’action. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons des résultats provenant de deux recherches réalisées auprès de cadres du secteur de la santé et des services sociaux, membres de l’AGESSS, et du secteur de l’éducation, membres de l’AQCS. Ces cadres expriment leur accord face à d’éventuelles modifications de l’encadrement législatif de leurs relations de travail. Cela dit, ils ne manifestent pas pour autant une volonté de se syndiquer. Qui plus est, ils sont ambivalents quant à l’utilisation éventuelle de modes d’action revendicateurs. Nous posons l’hypothèse que ce rapport au syndicalisme est une affirmation identitaire, qui s’explique, entre autres, par la façon dont le Code du travail définit les acteurs des relations du travail.
Keywords: Représentation collective; association représentative; cadres; représentation des intérêts; secteur parapublic québécois

Petite histoire politique des banlieues populaires - Bourdages, Jade; Gilbert, Izara (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Petite histoire politique des banlieues populaires," by Hacène Belmessous.

The Royal Commission and Unions: Leadership, Equality, Women’s Organizing, and Collective Agency - Briskin, Linda (Feminism's Fight: Challenging Politics and Policies in Canada Since 1970, 2023)
A close reading of the report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women in Canada (RCSW 1970) makes visible its views on women’s organizing for social justice and strategies to this end. These issues have garnered little attention, but as this chapter shows, the report comments on the role of unions in Canada, the importance of demographic representation of women in positions of power, the lobbying work of professional women’s organizations, and the advocacy of the emerging community-based women’s movement. My focus is on the fndings of the RCSW ( 1970 ) on women and unions, and on union women’s organizing in recent decades. This examination is framed by four proposals for elaborating new feminist paradigms to promote justice for women. –Introduction
Keywords: Canada; Feminism Canada History; Femmes Activité politique Canada; Femmes Canada Conditions sociales; Femmes Droit Canada; Femmes Droits Canada; Femmes Politique gouvernementale Canada; Féminisme Canada Histoire; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Women's Studies; Women Canada Social conditions; Women Government policy; Women Government policy Canada; Women Legal status; laws; etc; Women Legal status; laws; etc. Canada; Women Political activity; Women Political activity Canada; Women Social conditions; Women's rights; Women's rights Canada

Seeking Social Democracy: Seven Decades in the Fight for Equality - Broadbent, Ed; Abele, Frances; Sas, Jonathan; Savage, Luke (ECW Press, 2023)
The first full-length treatment of Ed Broadbent's ideas and remarkable seven-decade engagement in public life. Ed Broadbent is unique among living political leaders of international stature in offering a fully developed analysis of social democracy and its relevance in the 21st century. His career as a political philosopher, activist, and politician and his conversations with contemporaries such as Willy Brandt, Pierre Elliot Trudeau, Fidel Castro, and Mikhail Gorbachev inform his analysis of the struggles for social justice in the long 20th century. Having come to the socialist and social democratic traditions by way of academic study, Broadbent tested and tempered his ideas in the great postwar struggles over social rights, gender and racial equality, workers' rights, the containment of capital, and reversing the commodification of private life. The book explores the roots of his egalitarianism and the formation of his social democratic ideas, Broadbent's engaged internationalism and relationship with key historical figures, and his experiences and reflections in practical politics and pursuit of government across several of the most momentous decades in the history of Canada. He was a Member of Parliament for over two decades and was, for most of this period, leader of the New Democratic Party. He remains to this day an important social democratic voice in the public debates of the nation. Part political history, part intellectual biography, part manifesto for social democracy this first-ever full-length treatment of Broadbent's thought will be animated in dialogue with three collaborators from different generations, each similarly immersed in the history of social democratic ideas–the result being a fresh analysis of social democracy, Canadian politics, and a lively contribution to current debates and dilemmas. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1378021334
Keywords: Autobiographies; Broadbent; Ed; 1936-; Canada; Canada Politics and government; Canada Politique et gouvernement; Equality; Ottawa authors; musicians; etc; Politics and government; Socialism; autobiographies (literary works)

Dynamiques de l’organisation collective des coursiers et des chauffeurs en Belgique. Histoires parallèles et rapprochement ambigus - Brodersen, Meike; Dufresne, Anne; Joukovsky, Anastasia; Vitali, Zéphyr (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cet article met en lumière la façon dont les actions et revendications des collectifs de coursiers et de chauffeurs de plateforme bruxellois s’articulent avec les stratégies syndicales et les modèles de régulation de l’économie de plateforme, à l’échelle nationale et internationale, ainsi que les différentes lignes de tension que cette articulation suscite. En Belgique, les mobilisations dans la livraison et dans le transport de personnes par plateforme numérique s’inscrivaient jusqu’il y a peu dans des dynamiques sous-sectorielles distinctes, mais des développements législatifs récents et un accord de partenariat syndical ont créé les conditions de rapprochement des collectifs de ces deux sous-secteurs autour d’objets de contestation communs, sans pour autant aligner leurs intérêts sur le plan du statut d’emploi.
Keywords: Deliveroo; Platform worker; Travailleur de plateforme; Uber; accord de partenariat; collectifs de travailleurs; organisations syndicales; partnership agreement; presumption of employment; présomption de salariat; trade union organisations; worker collectives

Les plateformes de travail numériques. Polygraphie d’un nouveau modèle organisationnel. - Brugière, Fabien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Les plateformes de travail numériques. Polygraphie d’un nouveau modèle organisationnel." edited by Mircea Vultur.

Dynamics of Mobilizing and Unionizing Mobility Platform Workers. A Cross-Country, Cross-Industry Analysis - Brugière, Fabien; Kesselman, Donna; Vandewattyne, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
...The articles in this special issue attempt to account for these emerging dynamics of workers struggle in platform capitalism through a comparative analysis of the relations that impel autonomous groupings and other protest initiatives towards more structured collective representation and unionization.

Dynamiques de mobilisation et de syndicalisation des travailleurs de plateforme. Approche comparative transnationale et intersectorielle au sein des activités de mobilité - Brugière, Fabien; Kesselman, Donna; Vandewattyne, Jean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
...L’ambition de ce numéro thématique est ainsi de rendre compte des dynamiques de lutte et de syndicalisation au sein du capitalisme de plateforme, à travers une analyse comparative des rapports qui unissent ou non travailleurs, collectifs et autres structures de contestation avec les organisations syndicales.

Lost in Cabbagetown: A Memoir of Surviving Boyhood in 1960s Toronto - Burke, Terry (Dundurn Press, 2023)
A poignant memoir of a rough-and-tumble boyhood on the streets of Toronto's Cabbagetown. When the Burke family left Ireland in 1959, they thought they were leaving the trials and tribulations of the Dublin slums behind. Instead, Molly, Bill, and their nine children found the same poverty and hardship awaiting them in the east end of Toronto. For their sixth-born son, Terry, growing up in Cabbagetown was a daily struggle to survive. Whether it was the bullies on the street or the gangs in Regent Park, fights were an everyday occurrence. School should have been a refuge, but some of the priests and nuns were more terrifying than any street bully. The only escape for Terry was to find his way down into the Don Valley, where he could search the river for muskrat or imagine himself escaping on one of the freight trains, chucking north, up the valley floor. But a childhood in Cabbagetown didn't seem to last very long. Forced into adulthood and driven from home in the wake of tragedy, Terry struggled to survive on his own and find a way back to his family. In this touching memoir, Terry Burke tells a poignant story of hunger, pain, love, and loss, and the enduring bonds of family. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1329425596
Keywords: Autobiographies; Autobiography; Biographies; Burke; Terry; 1947- Childhood and youth; Burke; Terry; 1947- Enfance et jeunesse; Cabbagetown (Toronto; Ont.) Biographies; Cabbagetown (Toronto; Ont.) Biography; Ontario Toronto Cabbagetown; autobiographies (literary works)

Deindustrialization, Gender, and Working-Class Militancy in Saint-Henri, Montréal - Burrill, Fred (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Tracing the history of gendered working-class responses to deindustrialization in the Montréal neighbourhood of Saint-Henri reveals that many of the local political initiatives of the 1960s and 1970s were connected to longer-term working-class efforts to navigate shifting patterns of capital accumulation extending back to the 1940s. The gendered tradition of territory-based organizing in this community encouraged women workers’ shop-floor militancy and was foundational for new forms of local political advocacy around issues like health care and housing. In deindustrialization’s moment, the concerns of a precariously employed, feminized working-class population spurred a crossover of industrial struggle with survival-focused reproductive labour issues, centred around a grassroots organization called the popir (Projet d’organisation populaire, d’information, et de regroupement). This pattern of gendered working-class militancy and solidarity persisted throughout the 1980s and shaped resistance to Saint-Henri’s subsequent gentrification at the turn of the new millennium.
Keywords: Saint-Henri; deindustrialization; gender; gentrification; housing; women; working class

Les syndicats face aux restructurations initiées par les dirigeants d’entreprises : processus d’acquisition d’une capacité d’influence - Camara, Mactar (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cet article part du constat que les travaux s’intéressant à la variation des réponses syndicales aux changements initiés par les dirigeants d’entreprises, en ne se concentrant que sur les différences entre syndicats et en analysant les réponses de chaque syndicat à l’aune d’un seul des différents types de réponse possibles, présentent une vision relativement statique de l’activité syndicale en période de changement. En s’appuyant sur les notions de pouvoir discursif/narratif (Geelan, 2022 ; Schmalz et al., 2018 ; Lévesque & Murray, 2013), de cadres de l’action collective (Snow & Benford, 1988) et de ressources de pouvoir (Lévesque et Murray, 2010), l’article cherche à voir comment l’intersyndicale de NRTV, une entreprise audiovisuelle française, confrontée au pouvoir formel des dirigeants du Groupe pour orchestrer leur projet de restructurations avec suppressions d’effectifs, a réussi à modifier les structures de pouvoir (Kaplan, 2008) et à peser dans les négociations. L’analyse du discours de l’intersyndicale, entre l’annonce du projet de restructuration et la fin des négociations, nous a permis d’identifier quatre stratégies de cadrage utilisées pour faire face aux significations fournies par les dirigeants du Groupe (la réfutation, l’euphémisation, le dévoilement et le recadrage). Ce positionnement discursif, combiné à l’utilisation d’une stratégie de diffusion des cadres interprétatifs et d’action aussi bien informationnelle qu’interprétative (Demers, 1996), lui a permis de mobiliser ses soutiens internes et externes autour et même au-delà des actions qu’elle a menées et d’exercer une influence sur le processus et les résultats du changement.
Keywords: analyse de discours; cadres de l’action collective; collective action frames; construction sociale du changement; discourse analysis; discursive power; pouvoir discursif; power resources; ressources de pouvoir; réponses syndicales aux restructurations d’entreprises; social construction of change; union responses to restructuring

Feminism's Fight: Challenging Politics and Policies in Canada Since 1970 - Cameron, Barbara; Luxton, Meg (UBC Press, 2023)
Feminism's Fight explores and assesses feminist strategies to advance gender justice through Canadian federal policy from the 1970s to the present. It tells the crucial story of a transformation in how feminism has been treated by governments and asks how new ways of organizing and emerging alliances can advance a feminist agenda of social and economic equality. This timely collection examines the ideas that feminists have put forward in pursuit of the goal of equality and traces the shifting frameworks employed by governments in response. The authors evaluate changing government orientations through the 1970s to 2020, revealing the negative impact on women's lives and the challenges posed for feminists. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the sexism, misogyny, and related systemic inequalities that remain widespread. Yet it has also revived feminist mobilization and animated calls for a new and comprehensive equality agenda for Canada. Feminism's Fight asks two key questions: What are the lessons from feminist engagement with federal government policy over fifty years? And what kinds of transformative policy demands will achieve the feminist goal of social and economic equality?– Publisher's description
Keywords: Canada; Feminism Canada History; Femmes Activité politique Canada; Femmes Canada Conditions sociales; Femmes Droit Canada; Femmes Droits Canada; Femmes Politique gouvernementale Canada; Féminisme Canada Histoire; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Women's Studies; Women Canada Social conditions; Women Government policy; Women Government policy Canada; Women Legal status; laws; etc; Women Legal status; laws; etc. Canada; Women Political activity; Women Political activity Canada; Women Social conditions; Women's rights; Women's rights Canada

What We Heard: Developing Greater Labour Protections for Gig Workers: Final Report - Canada. Employment and Social Development (Employment and Social Development Canada = Emploi et Développement social Canada, 2023)
...The growth of the gig economy presents a number of opportunities for workers, with a potential for added flexibility and freedom in how, where, and when they choose to work. However, gig workers can also face a number of challenges, putting many of them in difficult working conditions and precarious economic positions. Recognizing these challenges, the Prime Minister mandated the Minister of Labour to improve labour protections for gig workers, including those who work through digital platforms. –From introduction
OCLC: 1375007334
Keywords: Canada; Entrepreneurs indépendants Droit Canada Opinion publique; Gig economy Law and legislation Canada Public opinion; Independent contractors Legal status; laws; etc. Canada Public opinion; Opinion publique Canada; Public opinion; Public opinion Canada; Économie à la demande Droit Canada Opinion publique

Doctrine de prévention et activité de service : analyse des points de dissonance entre le dispositif de prévention et l’activité de médiation sociale - Chambel, Alexis; Pueyo, Valérie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Les cadres de pensée et d’action qui structurent la prévention des risques professionnels forment aujourd’hui un dispositif au sens de Foucault. Ce dispositif, qualifié de « doctrine de prévention », s’est construit en référence aux classes de situations industrielles et se retrouve aujourd’hui remis en question par les activités de service. À partir d’une analyse ergonomique du travail et de la conduite de projet de prévention dans une structure de médiation sociale, cet article cible un point spécifique de la doctrine qui s’inscrit en décalage avec l’activité des médiatrices : la subordination. En effet, le lien qui s’établit entre subordination et prévention amène à penser cette dernière dans un périmètre et sur un modèle du pouvoir éloignés de l’activité réelle des travailleuses. Cet article fournit ainsi des connaissances spécifiques sur l’écart entre la doctrine de prévention et les activités de service, mais ouvre également des perspectives de recherche au travers de la conceptualisation de la prévention en tant que dispositif.
Keywords: Doctrine de prévention; activité de service; classes de situations servicielles; dispositif; pouvoir; projet de prévention; subordination

New Essays in Women's History - Chambers, Lori; Sangster, Joan (University of Toronto Press, 2023)
Drawing on engaging case studies, Essays in History of Canadian Law brings the law to life. The contributors to this collection provide rich historical and social context for each case, unravelling the process of legal decision-making and explaining the impact of the law on the people involved in legal disputes. Examining the law not simply as legislation and institutions, but as discourse, practice, symbols, rhetoric, and language, the chapters show the law as both oppressive and constraining and as a point of contention and means of resistance. This collection presents new approaches and concerns, as well as re-examinations of existing themes with new evidence and modes of storytelling. Contributors cover many thematic areas, from criminal to labour, civil, administrative, and human rights law, spanning English and French Canada, and ranging from the mid-eighteenth century to the late twentieth century. The legal cases vary from precedent-setting cases to lesser-known ones, from those driven by one woman’s quest for personal justice to others in which state actors dominate. Bringing to light how the people embroiled in these cases interacted with the legal system, the book reveals the ramifications of a legal system characterized by multiple layers of inequality. – Publisher's description
https://www.osgoodesociety.ca/book/essays-in-the-history-of-canadian-law-volume-xii-new-perspectives-on-gender-and-the-law/
Keywords: Canada; Droit Canada Histoire; History; Law; Law Canada History; Women Legal status; laws; etc; Women Legal status; laws; etc. Canada History

“Short-Term Band-Aid Solutions”: A Feminist Analysis of Family Caregiving and Caregiver Immigration Policies in Canada - Champagne-Holland, Morag (University of Victoria, 2023)
Throughout Canada, the need for care provision services is on the rise. The number of people willing and able to provide these care services is insufficient to address the growing need for care. Care work is provided by a mix of paid workers and unpaid family members. The majority of both these groups of care workers are women. Care work has long been undervalued as feminized labour, resulting in insufficient government support for family caregivers, and persistent labour issues within paid care sectors. In this thesis, I explore two distinct sets of Canadian federal policies related to care provision – Employment Insurance (EI) benefits for unpaid family caregivers, and the Home Child Care Provider and Home Support Worker Pilot Programs, which facilitate the immigration of private in-home caregivers to Canada – in order to discover whether they are underpinned by a shared set of similar assumptions about the nature of care work, who is best suited to perform it, and how it should be provided. In examining the assumptions about care that underpin and shape these policies related to care provision in Canada, I identify a number of consistent gendered themes about care and care providers and analyze their impact on policy outcomes.

Chinese Canadians - Chan, Anthony B.; Cooper, Celine; Wong, Clayton (The Canadian Encyclopedia (TCE), 2023)
Chinese Canadians are one of the largest ethnic groups in the country. In the 2021 census, more than 1.7 million people reported being of Chinese origin. Despite their importance to the Canadian economy, including the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), many European Canadians were historically hostile to Chinese immigration. A prohibitive head tax restricted Chinese immigration to Canada from 1885 to 1923. From 1923 to 1947, the Chinese were excluded altogether from immigrating to Canada. (See Chinese Immigration Act)....

Chinese Immigration Act - Chan, Arlene; Ma, Clayton (The Canadian Encyclopedia (TCE), 2023)
The Chinese Immigration Act of 1923, known also as the Chinese Exclusion Act, banned the entry of virtually all Chinese immigrants for 24 years. Although migration into Canada from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, only Chinese people were singled out completely from entering on the basis of race....

Richelieu - Chevigny, Pier-Philippe (2023)
Après avoir vécu une séparation difficile avec son copain engagé dans des affaires louches, Ariane se retrouve sans le sou. Afin d'éviter la vente de son condo, elle trouve un emploi de traductrice dans une entreprise de transformation alimentaire de la grande région de Montréal. Là, en plus des tâches administratives diverses, elle est chargée de traduire en espagnol les directives de Stéphane, le patron, aux employés guatémaltèques embauchés pour la saison estivale. Elle découvre alors un milieu contraignant et parfois cruel, géré d'une main de fer par les propriétaires français de l'usine. Témoin de pratiques injustes, voire illégales, à répétition, Ariane finit par se ranger du côté des travailleurs, quitte à perdre son emploi et se retrouver dans une situation financière plus que difficile. –Website description
https://www.filmsquebec.com/films/richelieu-pier-philippe-chevigny/

Emerging Patterns of Collective Action in India’s Platform Economy: A Study of Drivers and Delivery Workers - Chintala, Swati Reddy (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Studying collective action in the platform economy against the backdrop of the informal economy in India, I make two arguments that show how work organization in the platform economy enables collective action and distinguishes it from the informal sector. First, I argue that platform work organization through algorithmic work allocation, high employer visibility and algorithmic rather than direct managerial control makes collective action possible. In the informal economy, layers of middlemen often obscure the employment relationship by denying workers a clear contender and the opportunity to develop relationships of solidarity. Second, platform workers address their demands to two targets: the platform company and the state. Informal worker unions have no single, identifiable employer and traditionally confine their demands to the state.
Keywords: India; algorithmic control; collective action; informal economy; mobilization; platform economy; union; work

Les défis de la mobilisation collective et de l’organisation politique des travailleurs de plateformes au Brésil : une approche ergologique - Christo, Cirlene; Oliveira, Simone; Alvarez, Denise; Masson, Letícia; Lacomblez, Marianne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Dans le cadre de la plateformisation du travail, l'article est consacré aux défis d’une construction de l'action collective de livreurs et de chauffeurs de centres urbains au Brésil. Le contexte socio-politique et économique de dépendance au sein du système capitaliste dans lequel agit ce groupe social, en interaction avec la rationalité néolibérale, contribue à expliquer les difficultés d'organisation syndicale de ces travailleurs. L’échantillon d’enquête réunit des dirigeants, des animateurs et des membres de collectifs en quête de meilleures rémunérations et conditions de travail, ainsi que d’alternatives aux plateformes marchandes. Ils intègrent deux associations, deux collectifs autogérés et un réseau autonome de travailleurs. En se fondant sur l'analyse des entretiens réunis, des hypothèses sont avancées concernant ces formes alternatives d'organisation, de représentation et de mobilisation, en tenant compte de la composition hétérogène de ces entités collectives.
Keywords: Brésil; digitalisation; ergologie; néolibéralisme; organisation syndicale; précarisation du travail; travail de plateforme

Assessing MSDs before Introduction of a Cobot: Psychosocial Aspects and Employee’s Subjective Experience - Cippelletti, Emma; Azouaghe, Soufian; Pellier, Damien; Landry, Aurélie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main causes of work disability (EU-OSHA, 2019; WHO, 2019). Several solutions, including the cobotic system (EUROGIP, 2017), have been put forward to improve unhealthy working conditions and prevent MSDs. We sought to identify the MSD risk factors of workers on a screen-printed glass production line prior to introduction of a cobot. We used a mixed data collection technique: video observations and assessment of MSD risk factors by expert ergonomists, and then self-confrontation interviews with six production-line operators and subjective perception of risk factors. The two types of assessment (by experts and by operators) showed that the most demanding risk factors were physical (e.g., work posture) and psychosocial (e.g., mental workload). Certain risk factors were viewed differently by the experts and the operators. One question remains: How can a cobot make work more meaningful for operators?
Keywords: Cobot; Industry 4.0; MSDs; Meaning of work; Subjective experience

United in Action: The History of the Union of Canadian Transportation Employees - Clavette, Ken (Union of Canadian Transportation Employees, 2023)
Despite the centrality of public sector trade unionism in Canada today, its history remains largely unknown. Our attention remains fixed on the classic male proletarians of the industrial revolution. It might surprise you that the history of public sector unionism spans the 20th century, reaching back to the 19th century. United in Action tells the fascinating story of the Union of Canadian Transportation Employees (UCTE), one of five founding components of the Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC) in 1966. –Foreword
https://unioncte.ca/

Love’s Next Meeting: The Forgotten History of Homosexuality and the Left in American Culture - Cleves, Rachel Hope (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Love’s Next Meeting: The Forgotten History of Homosexuality and the Left in American Culture," by Aaron S. Lecklider.

Migrant Farmworkers in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia: Margins and Mechanisms of Struggle in the Making of the Valley - Cohen, Amy; Caxaj, C. Susana (Elgar Companion to Valleys: Social Science Perspectives, 2023)
The mention of the Okanagan Valley conjures images of orchard fruits and golden yellow sunsets. Mainstream narratives of “the valley” construct the idea of the “family farmer” (read: white), who puts food on our table ensuring a plentiful farm-to-table bounty. These stories become so recycled, they do not even have to be mentioned in order to make invisible the experiences and struggles of the thousands of migrant farmworkers who exist on the margins of these mythical notions of “the valley.” In this chapter, we consider how the constructions of “valley” are enforced both formally and informally. We also consider the mechanisms of struggle and resistance undertaken at the margins, and why these subtle actions have the power to undo the construct of the Okanagan Valley.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375781143_Migrant_farmworkers_in_the_Okanagan_Valley_British_Columbia_margins_and_mechanisms_of_struggle_in_the_making_of_the_valley OCLC: 1381444162
Keywords: Valleys; Valleys Economic aspects; Valleys Social aspects; Vallées; Vallées Aspect social; valleys (landforms)

Enduring Work: Experiences with Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program - Connelly, Catherine E. (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2023)
If you believed most of what's said about the Canadian Temporary Foreign Worker program, you might naturally assume that there is a trade-off between workers' poor experiences with the program and employers' significant benefits. In fact, neither is quite true: the experiences of workers are, in reality, far worse than is commonly acknowledged, while employers are not reaping as much benefit as the public might suppose. In Enduring Work Catherine Connelly draws on over one hundred interviews with people connected to different aspects of this program, analyzing their experiences from the perspective of organizational behaviour and human resources management. She compares the lived reality of agricultural workers, in-home caregivers, and low- and high-wage workers, showing how and why each group is vulnerable to mistreatment, albeit in different ways. She further explores how employment agencies and immigration consultants contribute to program abuses. Critically, Enduring Work provides the perspectives of employers, distinguishing between the reluctant users of the program who follow the rules and the reckless users who do not. Groundbreaking in its analysis of an issue very much in the news, Enduring Work unpacks the harms within Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker program and offers nuanced strategies to improve it. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1350838227
Keywords: BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Labor / General; Canada; Comportement organisationnel Canada; Foreign workers Canada Social conditions; Foreign workers Government policy; Foreign workers Government policy Canada; Foreign workers Social conditions; Organizational behavior; Organizational behavior Canada; Personnel Direction Canada; Personnel management; Personnel management Canada; Programme des travailleurs étrangers temporaires (Canada); Temporary Foreign Workers Program (Canada); Travailleurs étrangers Canada Conditions sociales; Travailleurs étrangers Politique gouvernementale Canada

Defending Animals: Finding Hope on the Front Lines of Animal Protection - Coulter, Kendra (MIT Press, 2023)
An in-depth look at the urgent struggle to protect animals from harm, cruelty, injustice, extinction, and their greatest threat—us. Beloved dogs and cats. Magnificent horses and mountain gorillas. Curious chickens. What do we actually do to protect animals from harm—and is it enough? This engaging book provides a unique and eye-opening exploration of the world of animal protection as people defend diverse animals from injustice and cruelty. From the streets of major US cities to remote farms and tropical forests, Defending Animals is a gritty and moving portrait of the real work of animal protection that takes place in communities, courtrooms, and boardrooms. Globally recognized expert Kendra Coulter takes readers across the different landscapes of animal protection to meet people and animals of all kinds, from cruelty investigators to forensic veterinarians, wildlife rehabilitators and conservation leaders to animal lawyers and entrepreneurs, each working in their own ways to defend animals. Bringing unparalleled research and a distinct and nuanced analytical viewpoint, Defending Animals shows that animal protection is not only physical, intellectual, and emotional work but also a labor so rooted in empathy and care that it just might bridge the vast divide between polarized people and help create a more humane future for us all. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1348102218
Keywords: Animal rights; Animal welfare; Animaux Droits; Bien-être Aspect psychologique; Documents d'information; Human-animal relationships; Informational works; Relations homme-animal; Well-being Psychological aspects

Les visages de l'État social, Assistantes sociales et familles populaires durant l'entre-deux-guerres by Lola Zappi (review) - Courtemanche, Andréanne (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Les visages de l'État social, Assistantes sociales et familles populaires durant l'entre-deux-guerres," by Lola Zappi.

Democracy at Work. Contract, Status and Post-Industrial Justice - Coutu, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Democracy at Work. Contract, Status and Post-Industrial Justice," by Ruth Dukes and Wolfgang Streeck.

Droit du travail et relations industrielles : Vers une refondation? - Coutu, Michel; Dukes, Ruth; Murray, Gregor (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cet article explore les voies du renouvellement de l'étude des relations industrielles et du droit du travail. À travers un examen historique comparatif de ces deux domaines d’études, il examine leurs racines et héritages communs ainsi qu'une série d'initiatives de renouvellement. Il est soutenu que les deux domaines doivent se réapproprier des valeurs fondamentales : la reconnaissance de l'inégalité fondamentale des parties à la relation de travail et la reconnaissance de la nécessité de compenser cette inégalité par des processus collectifs. Les germes de ce renouveau sont identifiés à la fois dans le droit du travail et dans les relations industrielles. Leur avenir réside dans l'émergence d'un champ d’études intégré du travail et de l'emploi et dans le rôle et l'avenir du travail en tant que vecteur de démocratie.
Keywords: démocratie au travail; l’avenir du travail; relations industrielles; renouveau du champ d’études; régulation du travail; sociologie du droit du travail

Labour Law and Industrial Relations: Toward Renewal? - Coutu, Michel; Dukes, Ruth; Murray, Gregor (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
This article explores paths for the renewal of the study of industrial relations and labour law. Through a comparative historical review of these two fields of study, it examines their common roots and legacies and a range of renewal initiatives. It is argued that both fields need to reappropriate core values: recognition of the fundamental inequality of the parties to the employment relationship; and recognition of the need to compensate for this inequality through collective processes. The seeds of this renewal are identified in both labour law and industrial relations. Their future lies in the emergence of an integrated field of study of work and employment and in the role and future of work as a vector of democracy.
Keywords: citizenship at work; democracy at work; future of work; industrial relations; regulation of work; renewal of field of study; sociology of labour law

Interprovincial Unionization and the Environment - Das, Anupam; Hudson, Ian; Hudson, Mark (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The relationship between labour movements and the environment has been the subject of considerable debate but little empirical research. Using panel data for Canadian provinces between 2001 and 2019, this article investigates the relationship between unionization rates and two measures of environmental quality: greenhouse gas emissions and total particulate matter pollution. We find that higher unionization rates are associated with lower emissions for both these measures. This finding suggests that stronger labour organizations do not lead to detrimental environmental outcomes.
Keywords: Canada; climat; climate; environment; environnement; pollution; syndicalisation; unionization

Acceptable and Necessary Treasons: The Revolutionary Prophecies of Noel Ignatiev - Davis, Dylan; King, Patrick (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews and comments on two books by American author and historian Noel lgnatiev (1940-2019): "Treason to Whiteness is Loyalty to Humanity," edited by Geert Dhondt, Zhandarka Kurt, and Jarrod Shanahan, and "Acceptable Men: Life in the Largest Steel Mill in the World."

Living to Work (from Home): Overwork, Remote Work, and Gendered Dual Devotion to Work and Family - de Laat, Kim (Work and Occupations, 2023)
Contemporary North American work culture is characterized by experts as one of overwork. Throughout much of the previous century, many parents devoted themselves either to their careers, or to their families. These “competing devotions” served as a cultural model for making sense of the world and alleviated the tension between overwork and family life. Data from interviews with 84 IT workers are used to examine whether devotion to work and family is still experienced as oppositional for working parents. I find that interviewees report feeling devoted both to their families and their careers, which I refer to as dual devotion. Such espousals of dual devotion are facilitated by the use of flexible work policies—remote work and flextime—which enable those with dual devotions to accomplish work–life integration. However, whereas men perceive remote work as allowing them to dedicate more time to childcare, women perceive it as allowing them to dedicate more time to work. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between gender inequality and the experiential dimensions of work and family time: the practices that enable dual devotions, in particular remote work, help parents maintain an orientation to time that makes overwork more palatable. In either case, workplaces win since women are working long hours and men are not sacrificing paid work hours to take on more childcare or housework.

Centralized Bodies of Collective Representation in the Fragmented Company: A Power Resource? - Devetter, François-Xavier; Geymond, Maé; Perez, Coralie; Perraudin, Corinne; Thèvenot, Nadine; Valentin, Julie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Could “centralized” bodies of collective representation constitute a power resource for employees in contemporary fragmented work organizations? Referring to the particular features of the institutional framework in France, this article links the theory of power resources to the concept of institutional toying to show that the power resources of managers allow them to make use of institutional shortcomings that limit the scope of these bodies as power resources for employees. The article draws on the REPONSE 2017 (DARES) survey, which sought to quantify “fragmented” organizations and their collective representation bodies. Six case studies of fragmented companies are also used to illustrate the diversity of institutional toying strategies employed by managers.
Keywords: Outsourcing; centralized bodies; collective representation; management strategy; power resources; subcontracting; subsidiaries

Les instances centralisées de représentation collective dans l’entreprise éclatée : une ressource de pouvoir? - Devetter, François-Xavier; Geymond, Maé; Perez, Coralie; Perraudin, Corinne; Thèvenot, Nadine; Valentin, Julie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Les instances « centralisées » de représentation collective pourraient-elles constituer une ressource de pouvoir pour les salariés dans les organisations de travail fragmentées contemporaines? En se référant aux spécificités du cadre institutionnel français, cet article articule la théorie des ressources de pouvoir au concept de modelage institutionnel pour faire apparaître que les ressources de pouvoir des directions leur permettent de s’appuyer sur des lacunes institutionnelles limitant la portée de ces instances comme ressources de pouvoir pour les salariés. Il utilise l’enquête REPONSE 2017 (DARES) pour quantifier les entreprises « éclatées » ainsi que leurs instances de représentation collective. Six monographies d’entreprises éclatées sont également mobilisées pour illustrer la diversité des stratégies de modelage institutionnel des directions.
Keywords: Sous-traitance; filialisation; instances centralisées; représentation collective; ressources de pouvoir; stratégie patronale

"Our Relations… The Mixed Bloods": Indigenous Transformation and Dispossession in the Western Great Lakes - Devine, Heather (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "'Our Relations… The Mixed Bloods': Indigenous Transformation and Dispossession in the Western Great Lakes," by Larry Nesper.

Différences irréconciliables : conceptualisation du conflit en relations industrielles et en comportement organisationnel - Dickey, Todd (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Dans les dernières décennies, les spécialistes en relations industrielles (RI) n’ont cessé de préconiser une meilleure intégration de leurs théories et de leurs recherches empiriques sur le conflit à celles de leur discipline voisine, le comportement organisationnel (CO). La réalisation d’un tel objectif s’est néanmoins révélée un défi constant. Cet article offre une nouvelle perspective sur la quête de cette intégration par l’entremise d’une catégorisation des normes conceptuelles distinctes et dissemblables du conflit en RI et en CO, laquelle amène à conclure que les conceptualisations du conflit dans ces deux disciplines reposent sur des logiques inconciliables. Toutefois, même si ces logiques divergentes rendent impossible une conceptualisation unifiée du conflit, une meilleure compréhension de leur caractère inconciliable pourrait mener à un renforcement du dialogue et, à terme, à une discussion fructueuse entre les chercheurs en RI et en CO.
Keywords: Théorie des organisations; comportement organisationnel; conflit organisationnel; théorie des relations industrielles

Irreconcilable Differences: Conceptualizing Conflict in Industrial Relations and Organizational Behaviour - Dickey, Todd (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Over the past several decades, industrial relations (IR) scholars have consistently advocated for better integration of their conflict theory and empirical research with that of the neighbouring discipline of organizational behaviour (OB). Achievement of such a goal has nonetheless been a continuing challenge. Offering a novel perspective on the quest for integration, this paper categorizes the distinct and dissimilar conceptual norms of conflict in IR and OB, concluding that conceptualizations of conflict in the two disciplines are built upon irreconcilable logics. Although a unified conceptualization of conflict across these differing logics is not possible, a better understanding of their irreconcilability could facilitate a more robust and ultimately fruitful dialogue among IR and OB researchers.
Keywords: industrial relations theory; organizational behaviour; organizational conflict; organizational theory

Perceptions de justice et santé au travail. L’organisation à l’épreuve. Collection Inégalité et justice sociale - Dompierre, Johanne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Perceptions de justice et santé au travail. L’organisation à l’épreuve. Collection Inégalité et justice sociale," edited by Stéphane Moulin.

Unsettling the Great White North. Black Canadian History - Dumais, Samia (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Unsettling the Great White North. Black Canadian History," by Funké Aladejebi and Michele A. Johnson.

On Class - Dundas, Deborah (Biblioasis, 2023)
Deborah Dundas is a journalist who grew up poor and almost didn’t make it to university. In On Class, she talks to writers, activists, those who work with the poor and those who are poor about what happens when we don’t talk about poverty or class—and what will happen when we do. Growing up poor, Deborah Dundas knew what it meant to want, to be hungry, and to long for social and economic dignity; she understood the crushing weight of having nothing much expected of you. But even after overcoming many of the usual barriers faced by lower- and working-class people, she still felt anxious about her place, and even in relatively safe spaces reluctant to broach the subject of class. While new social movements have generated open conversation about gender and racism, discussions of class rarely include the voices of those most deeply affected: the working class and poor. On Class is an exploration of the ways in which we talk about class: of who tells the stories, and who doesn’t, which ones tend to be repeated most often, and why this has to change. It asks the question: What don’t we talk about when we don’t talk about class? And what might happen if, ﬁnally, we did? –Publisher's description

The Politics of Low Pay: Corporatism, Left-Wing Parties and Low-Wage Workers - Durocher, Dominic (University of Ottawa, 2023)
Politics has often been conceptualized as a conflict between political parties that represent the economic interests of different groups in society. This conception of politics has, however, been considerably weakened by the economic and social transformations of the last decades and by the rise of post-materialist values among newer generations of electors. Indeed, the vote of manual workers for left-wing parties has declined significantly in recent decades as did the impact of left-wing parties on social spending. At the same time, the issue of low-wage work has become prominent in the partisan debates of several countries such as the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom following the mobilization of low-paid workers, unions and community associations. Low-wage workers who mainly work in the service sector have often precarious work and living conditions following decades of labor markets deregulation and are highly dependent on governmental policies to insure decent living and work conditions. One of these policies, the minimum wage, has been at the center of the electoral campaigns of many left-wing parties in recent years. However, the issue of low-wage work has rarely been studied in political science. This thesis seeks to explain the partisan dynamics surrounding the issue of low-wage work. My main argument is that low-wage workers tend to vote for left-wing parties in accordance with their economic interests, especially in countries with a weak degree of corporatism such as the United States and the United Kingdom. In those countries, left-wing parties have strong incentives to make pledges related to low-wage work like increasing the minimum wage in their electoral manifesto, because unions are unable to negotiate decent working conditions for the majority of workers. Indeed, in countries with weak corporatism, low-wage workers are very dependent on governmental interventions to ensure minimum working standards and improve their living conditions. In countries with strong corporatism, however, unions negotiate collective agreements that ensure minimum working conditions for the majority of workers, workers with weaker bargaining power are thus less dependent on government policies to insure decent working conditions. Therefore, left-wing parties should be able to consolidate their vote among low-wage workers in countries with a weak degree of corporatism. Once in power, left-wing parties should also increase the minimum wage and the direct cash transfers to low-income families more than governments led by right-wing parties, especially when corporatism is weak. The emphasis on policies targeted to low-wage workers by left-wing parties in countries with a weak degree of corporatism could also limit the capacity of radical parties to attract the vote of low-wage workers. This thesis is composed of 4 articles, one on electoral pledges related to low-wage work, one on the vote of low-wage workers, one on the impact of left-wing parties on minimum wages and one on the impact of left-wing parties on direct cash transfers received by low-income families. These four articles demonstrate the relevance of a materialist conception of politics and the role of institutions regulating the labor market on partisan dynamics.

Blanc de plomb. Histoire d’un poison légal - Fahrni, Magda (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Blanc de plomb. Histoire d’un poison légal," by Judith Rainhorn.

A Just Transition for Labour: The Challenges of Moves to a Circular Economy - Fairbrother, Peter; Banks, Marcus (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Proposals for a just transition for labour have been largely restricted to debates about transitions in coal regions. Yet a just transition for labour should apply to all industries. Alongside these debates, planning guidelines are in place to encourage the adoption of circular economy practices to address questions relating to material sustainability, especially in the context of the encroaching climate crisis. Surprisingly, few people have considered the implications of such changes for work and employment relationships. Unless a just transition is pursued, current inequalities in the housing construction industry are likely to intensify and remain embedded. The argument is that moves toward a circular economy in Australian housing construction require a just transition for the workforce. Such a transition must be planned and inclusive.
Keywords: Construction de Bâtiment; Transition Juste; Travail Décent; building construction; circular economy; decent work; just transition; Économie Circulaire

From Printing to Streaming: Cultural Production under Capitalism - Fauteux, Brian (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "From Printing to Streaming: Cultural Production inder Capitalism," by Michael Chanan.

College Contract Faculty in Ontario: Professional Identities and Precarious Employment - Fick, Emmanuelle Eve (University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 2023)
Partial-load college faculty simultaneously occupy insider/outsider positions in their respective higher education institutions. How do they perceive the relationship between their employment status and their work as educators? In recent scholarship, it has been argued that part-time faculty occupy liminal positions as simultaneous professionals and precarious labourers in higher education. None of the literature attends to how part-time college faculty (a cohort that makes up 70%+ of Ontario’s college faculty) who specifically aspire to full-time teaching positions think about their work and professional identities, much less in the context of the province of Ontario, Canada. Through semi-structured and open-ended interviews with ten partial-load college faculty who aspire to full-time teaching positions across three colleges in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), this study asks faculty to reflect upon the relationship between their conditions of employment and their work as educators. How partial-load college faculty think about their work and professional identities has direct import for what continues to be the foundational mission, purview, and day-to-day activities of colleges – teaching and learning. Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (1998) identity theory provides the framework for enabling a nuanced analyses as to how partial-load college faculty think about, make sense of, and narrate their experiences in the liminal space of precarious professionals. The results of this study show that partial-load faculty are largely excluded from the pedagogical communities of their departments and institutions and that every aspect of their work as educators (curriculum development, professional development, and relationships with colleagues) is negotiated and filtered through their precarious status. This research sheds light on the centrality of partial-load college faculty on the enactment of curriculum in colleges as well as explores how various stakeholders can make meaningful change to address the professional goals and curricular inclusion of this significant teaching cohort.
Accepted: 2023-11-14T17:10:58Z

Construire l'économie postcapitaliste - Folco, Jonathan Durand (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Construire l'économie postcapitaliste," by Audrey Laurin Lamothe, Frédéric Legault, and Simon Tremblay-Pepin.

La négociation collective du secteur de l’éducation : quel avenir pour le Front commun? - Fortin-Bergeron, Chloé; Gagné, Diane (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Cette étude s’intéresse à la capacité des organisations syndicales à améliorer les conditions de travail de leurs membres en contexte d’austérité économique. Pour ce faire, nous nous intéressons au cas de la négociation 2014-2015 au sein du secteur public québécois et plus particulièrement à la négociation dans le secteur de l’Éducation primaire-secondaire. Proposant une approche d’analyse multiniveau et multidimensionnelle et mobilisant un devis qualitatif, nous souhaitons engager une réflexion sur la capacité des syndicats du secteur de l’éducation à répondre à la précarité dans ce secteur. La position que nous avançons dans cet article est que les syndicats n’ont pas été en mesure de saisir certaines opportunités leur permettant de renforcer leur pouvoir de force aux tables de négociation. Nos principaux résultats nous amènent à faire le constat que les structures centralisées n’ont pas bien servi le front commun lors de la négociation de 2015; la négociation inter et intraorganisationnelle s’est avérée difficile et peu efficace compte tenu des multiples réalités et enjeux et de la stratégie fortement centralisée du gouvernement. Nous avons aussi constaté que la précarité vécue et perçue par les membres du secteur de l’éducation est très spécifique au contexte et aux caractéristiques de l’emploi; une spécificité qui semble plus difficile à faire reconnaitre au sein de structures centralisées. Partant de la thèse du « syndicalisme fantôme » proposé par Desbiens (2020) et du pragmatisme syndical de Lemieux (2021), nous engageons une réflexion et proposons des pistes d’action de manière à favoriser un rapprochement entre les différents paliers d’action syndicale et d’arrimer plus solidement la praxis syndicale aux attentes des membres.
Keywords: Austérité économique; Capacités syndicales; Négociations secteur public; Précarité; Secteur de l’éducation; Structures de négociation centralisées

Gigs, Hustles, and Temps: How Precarious Work Lowers Wages, Makes Canadians Poorer and Deprives Workers of Rights- While It Empowers and Enriches Big Corporations - Foster, Jason (Lorimer, 2023)
In this profoundly troubling and incisive look at the state of work and welfare in Canada, Jason Foster reveals the long, often-hidden process that has left our jobs less secure, our livelihoods more uncertain, and the pockets of Canada’s wealthy fatter than ever. This phenomenon, the rise of “precarious work,” touches the entire economy and contributes to levels of income inequality unseen since the early 20th century. Our world is less secure than it has been in generations. Gigs, Hustles, and Temps describes how we got here, and why. Jobs across the economy are increasingly more precarious, and they share similar characteristics: impermanence, little to no benefits, and no union representation. Uber, Starbucks and Amazon have led the way. Governments are contracting out more labour than ever before. Tech companies hire workers on “flexible” contracts without the prospect of long-term employment. Migrant workers, too, are working without a safety net, figuratively and literally. No matter where you fall on the socio-economic ladder, your life is probably more precarious than your parents’ once was. Foster offers insights into the many consequences of our increasingly precarious world. He also details some of the less obvious repercussions of precarious work, including its contribution to the crisis of mental and public health across Canada. Foster argues that the rise of precarious work is more a “return to normal” for capitalist economies. But there is a flip side: advances in worker welfare have come through solidarity, struggle, and negotiation with the forces currently promoting precarious work across Canada's economy. Things don’t have to be the way they are. Gigs, Hustles, and Temps is a comprehensive, accessible, and essential guidebook on the road to a better world. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1374487640

Union Donations to Community Organisations and the Dampening Effect of Government Legislation: The Case of Bill 32 in Alberta, Canada - Foster, Jason; Simpson, David (Labour and Industry, 2023)
Unions in North America have a long history of financial support for charities, non-profits and other community-based organisations. However, very little research has been conducted into how much, to whom and why this financial support is provided. This article reports on a survey examining the financial donation patterns of unions in the Canadian province of Alberta. Alberta is chosen as the jurisdiction for the study as the provincial government recently enacted legislation (commonly referred to as Bill 32) that may force unions to reduce community-based donations, which would negatively impact those organisations and interfere with a core union function. The survey also examines how union financial support changes due to the implementation of this legislation. The study finds that a small but not insignificant percentage of union expenditures are devoted to community giving and that unions tend to donate to a narrow range of causes and organisations. It also finds that union responses to donation-dampening legislation were mixed, in part due to the politically controversial nature of the legislation.
Keywords: Trade unions; community organisation donations; government legislation; union finances

From Unwoven Societal Relationships to a Broad-Based Movement? Union Power in Societal Networks in Quebec (Canada) - Frangi, Lorenzo; Masi, Anthony C; Poirier, Bénédicte (Work, Employment and Society, 2023)
Power resources are embedded in societal ties. Using qualitative network analysis, our fieldwork in Quebec (Canada), based on 30 interviews and three focus groups, explored union-societal ties, their resource properties and the extent to which unions weave them into a network. We identified five different types of union-societal ties: instrumental, civil society organizations, identity-based, satellite and fishing line. These ties were mostly unwoven. Analysis of networking provides insights into how unions frame issues, identify grassroots leaders and leverage societal power resources in broad-based movements.

Managers et syndicats : duel ou duo ? - Fronty, Juliette (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Dans un contexte d’affaiblissement du dialogue social en général et de la légitimité des syndicats en particulier, nous proposons dans cet article de renouveler notre regard sur le binôme managers et syndicats à travers un changement de perspective. Dans le cadre d’une recherche qualitative approfondie menée au sein de l’industrie aéronautique française, nous nous sommes intéressée au dialogue informel quotidien entre les middle-managers et délégués syndicaux à l’échelle de l’atelier (Kochan, Katz et McKersie, 1994). Nous avons cherché à identifier la nature et les conditions du dialogue entre managers et syndicats dans leur activité quotidienne. Pour ancrer ce changement de perspective, nous utiliserons le concept de dialogue relationnel (Cunliffe et Eriksen, 2011) permettant de dépasser l’approche traditionnelle de dialogue social et pour en éprouver autrement l’effet. Nous montrerons alors que le dialogue relationnel, qui est basé sur une qualité relationnelle, une approche processuelle du dialogue et sa dimension polyphonique, permet aux middle-managers d’anticiper les tensions dans les équipes et d’améliorer leurs décisions managériales. Or, ce dialogue relationnel n’est pas perçu de manière positive par toute l’organisation, notamment les responsables des ressources humaines, qui tentent d’en réduire l’impact grâce à la mise en place d’outils de gestion empêchant les arbitrages plus informels issus du dialogue entre les managers et les syndicats. S’inscrivant dans l’évolution récente des recherches en RI s’enrichissant de cadres conceptuels venant des organizations studies, cet article contribue à tester le concept de dialogue relationnel non pas entre le manager et ses collaborateurs, mais avec des responsables syndicaux. Nous avons ainsi pu identifier des conditions organisationnelles de ce dialogue, ce qui n’avait pas encore été fait. En effet miroir, l’application du concept de dialogue relationnel dans une situation de relations professionnelles permet d’enrichir l’approche pluraliste en soulignant à la fois ses potentialités et l’importance des conditions nécessaires à ce type de dialogue.
Keywords: dialogue relationnel; managers intermédiaires; middle managers; pluralism; pluralisme; relational dialogue; syndicats; trade unions

Regards croisés sur la grève d'Amoco à Hawkesbury: une histoire ouvrière de l'Ontario français - Gagnon, Andréane (Éditions Prise de parole, 2023)
La grève d’Amoco de 1980, lors de laquelle s’est soulevée la population ouvrière de Hawkesbury, marque un temps fort de revendication franco-ontarienne, aujourd’hui pratiquement tombé dans l’oubli. Trois personnes qui ont, chacune à sa façon, pris part à la grève – Serge Denis, politologue, Richard Hudon, animateur social, et Jean Marc Dalpé, dramaturge et écrivain – replongent ici dans leurs souvenirs pour mettre en lumière la conjoncture sociopolitique qui a mené à la mobilisation des travailleurs et travailleuses de la région.Fruit d’un travail de terrain engagé, cet ouvrage, nourri par les témoignages et par de nombreux documents d’archives, démontre que la grève d’Amoco n’était pas une grève comme les autres. Microcosme du contexte sociohistorique dans lequel il s’inscrit, et bien qu’il consiste avant tout en une lutte ouvrière, le mouvement a permis à une communauté minoritaire doublement défavorisée, économiquement et politiquement, de s’affirmer en s’appropriant une nouvelle plateforme pour s’exprimer : le syndicalisme.Les combats de l’Ontario français pour la défense de ses droits se sont depuis déplacés vers les tribunaux, mais cette étude rappelle que sa culture politique s’est d’abord construite dans la rue et qu’il faut, à ce titre, assurer la transmission de ce pan de l’histoire populaire. – Résumé de l'éditeur
OCLC: 1370010687
Keywords: 1900-1999; Amoco Fabrics Strike; Hawkesbury; Ont.; 1980; Canadiens français Ontario Conditions économiques 20e siècle; Grève de l'Amoco Fabrics; Hawkesbury; Ont.; 1980; Grèves et lock-out Textiles et tissus Industrie et commerce Ontario Histoire; Hawkesbury (Ont.) Histoire 20e siècle; History; Labor disputes; Labor disputes Ontario Hawkesbury History; Ontario; Ontario Hawkesbury; Strikes and lockouts Textile industry; Strikes and lockouts Textile industry Ontario History; Textile workers Labor unions; Textile workers Labor unions Ontario History 20th century; Travail Conflits Ontario Hawkesbury Histoire; Travailleurs du textile Syndicats Ontario Histoire 20e siècle

Labour Community Services and the State of Community Unionism in Toronto - Gooder, Austin (McMaster University, 2023)
Community unionism is still contested in the literature, and its presence across various industries and union formations is often not concretely described. This thesis engages in an examination of community unionism within the literature and assesses its potential presence in Toronto’s Labour Community Services, an organization which provides administrative and organizational support to labour unions and community groups in the Greater Toronto Area. Interviews with LCS organizers and staff members and other Toronto labour activists are assessed against common depictions of community unionism within the literature to determine if LCS is engaged in community unionism, or perhaps some other organizational strategies or philosophies. Interviews demonstrated a clear commitment to community building and deepened ties between the labour movement and various formations of community across Toronto and surrounding regions. Interviews also reveal the state of union-community resources, the barriers commonly experienced in this form of organizing, and how organizers and staff members perceive their role in the broader labour movement. Interviews with key informants reveal a series of strategies and choices which shape how Labour Community Services operates. Ultimately, Labour Community Services does not engage in community unionism as a whole practice, but rather utilizes several strategies and operative choices that share common ground with community unionism. A byproduct of these strategic choices is the creation of forms of community unionism between both the labour unions and community groups that LCS frequently works with.

The Origin and Dynamics of Inequality: Sex, Politics and Ideology - Gould, Anthony (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The Origin and Dynamics of Inequality: Sex, Politics and Ideology," by Jon Wisman.

Qu’ont à se dire l’économie du travail et les relations industrielles ? - Gunderson, Morley (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Une meilleure pollinisation croisée entre l’économie du travail et les relations industrielles conduirait à des gains mutuels. Le présent article s’articule autour de critiques courantes de l’économie du travail qui sont illustrées par des exemples tirés des relations industrielles. Ces critiques, ainsi que leurs principes sous-jacents, expliquent souvent d’importants concepts des relations industrielles et apportent par le fait- même des connaissances susceptibles d’enrichir les réflexions en économie du travail. L’intention de cet article est d’avoir un regard prospectif pour faire avancer la réflexion théorique et empirique sur les aspects actuels et futurs du travail et de l’emploi.
Keywords: gains mutuels; relations industrielles; Économie du travail

What Do Labour Economics and Industrial Relations Have to Say to Each Other? - Gunderson, Morley (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Mutual gains can be made through greater cross-pollination between labour economics and industrial relations. The paper is organized around common criticisms of labour economics, with examples from industrial relations. Such criticisms, and their underlying principles, often explain important concepts in industrial relations, which can provide insights that may enhance labour economics. The intent here is to apply a forward-looking lens to advance theoretical and empirical reflection on current and future aspects of work and employment.
Keywords: labour economics; mutual gains with industrial relations

Making and Breaking Settler Space: Five Centuries of Colonization in North America - Haggarty, Liam (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Making and Breaking Settler Space: Five Centuries of Colonization in North America," by Adam J. Barker.

“Vulnerable Workers” and Third Way Governance: Shifting Subjects of Regulation in Ontario’s Employment Standard Enforcement Regime - Hall, Alan; Grundy, John; Vosko, Leah F.; Hall, Rebecca (Journal of Law and Political Economy, 2023)
This article traces the definition and treatment of “vulnerable workers” within the province of Ontario’s regulation of employment standards over a fourteen-year period. An examination of the government’s discourse and its enforcement and legislative history reveals significant shifts and inconsistencies between the government’s claims and its enforcement practices. These shifts and inconsistencies are understood within a political economic analysis of “Third Way” employment policies, competing liberal ideologies, shifting political-economic conditions and institutional legacies. The analysis contributes to a cross-national literature exploring the inadequacies of employment standards enforcement in liberal market economies while at the same time identifying opportunities for change within the different “varieties of liberalism” exhibited within Third Way regimes.

Falling Behind: What Explains a Wave of Strikes in Rural Manitoba School Divisions - Harney, Niall (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Manitoba Office, 2023)
This report calls on the provincial government to work with school divisions, unions, and the ministry of education to equalize wages for educational support staff across the province. Pay disparities are not present for teachers across the province. The Manitoba government, which controls all significant funding sources in our school system, must play an active role in ensuring that these wage gaps are eliminated and ensure that rural school divisions operations are no longer subsidized by substandard wages paid to a predominately female workforce. Equal pay for equal work and work of equal value should be a priority for the new Manitoba government. –Website summary

Essential Work, Disposable Workers: Migration, Capitalism, and Class - Henaway, Mostafa (Fernwood Publishing, 2023)
Recent years have seen massive waves of migration from the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa to Europe and North America and a corresponding rise in anti-immigrant, far-right populism in host countries, placing the question of migration at the forefront of politics and social movements. Henaway seeks to understand these patterns through contextualizing global migration within a history of global capitalism, class formation, and the financialization of migration. As globalization intensifies, a neoliberal labour market forces workers around an unevenly developed world to compete for wages–not through foreign investment and outsourcing, but through an increasingly mobile working class. Henaway rejects the right-wing response of restricting or "managing" immigration through temporary worker programs and instead suggests that stopping a race to the bottom for all working people involves building solidarity with the struggles of these migrants for decent work and justice. Through examining the organizing strategies of migrant workers at giants like Amazon and Wal-Mart as well as discount retailers like Dollarama and Sports Direct, the immense power and agency of precarious workers in global companies like UBER or Airbnb, the successful resistance of taxi drivers or fast food workers around the world, and the contemporary mass labour movement organized by new unions and workers' centres, Henaway shows how migrant demands and strategies can help shape radical working class politics in North America and Europe. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1354945411
Keywords: Globalization; Labor movement; Migrant labor; Precarious employment; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Emigration & Immigration; Social classes

CERB: More Than Just an Income Program - Hennessy, Trish; Scott, Katherine (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2023)
The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 triggered the introduction of public health measures that would close large sectors of the economy and send millions of workers home. In two short months, the unemployment rate reached 14.1 per cent—the highest level since 1936, in the midst of the Great Depression. In all, 2.7 million workers lost their job outright, while another 2.2 million lost all or half of their working hours. Many more would be affected in the months ahead as the economy recovered in fits and starts. Canada, like countries around the world, quickly responded with a raft of income security tools and strategies to cope with the economic fallout. Programs such as the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) and its successor programs. There are few sources of information that document people’s experiences while on CERB. This research project has been designed to help fill this gap. Working with Abacus Data, the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives conducted focus groups and an online survey of 1,500 Canadians to help better understand the program’s impact on recipients and to explore the role CERB played in shaping their decisions with respect to skills, education or training and the pursuit of new work opportunities during this period. The focus groupswere hosted in mid-September 2022 and the survey was fielded between Nov. 18 and 25, 2022. The focus groups surfaced and explored key issues for CERB recipients, information which, in turn, informed the content and design of our larger survey. CERB and other emergency benefit programs have ended, but there is still much to learn about the experience and its impact given current economic stresses and the pressing imperative to ensure public programs are recession ready. The introduction of emergency pandemic benefits offers a unique opportunity to examine important questions about Canada’s current income security safety net and how it works (or does not) to support individuals in their efforts to achieve greater economic security and enhanced well-being. –Website description

Gin, Turpentine, Pennyroyal, Rue - Higdon, Christine (ECW Press, 2023)
Four working-class Vancouver sisters, still reeling from the impact of World War I and the pandemic that stole their only brother, are scraping by but attempting to make the most of the exciting 1920s. Gin, Turpentine, Pennyroyal, Rue is a love story — but like all love stories, it’s complicated … Morag is pregnant; she loves her husband. Georgina can’t bear hers and dreams of getting an education. Harriet-Jean, still at home with her opium-addicted mother, is in love with a woman. Isla’s pregnant too — and in love with her sister’s husband. Only one soul knows about Isla’s pregnancy, and it isn’t the father. When Isla resorts to a back-street abortion and nearly dies, Llewellyn becomes hellbent on revenge. But can revenge lead to anything but disaster for a man like Llew — a policeman tangled up in running rum to Prohibition America? Gin, Turpentine, Pennyroyal, Rue is immersed in the complex political and social realities of the 1920s and, not-so ironically, of the 2020s: love, sex, desire, police corruption, abortion, addiction, and women wanting more. Beautifully written, with a loveable cast of characters, this novel is a tender account of love that cannot be acknowledged, of loss and regret, risk and defiance, abiding friendship, and the powerful bonds of chosen family. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1378080195

The Radical Origins of the Deindustrialization Thesis: From Dependency to Capital Flight and Community Abandonment - High, Steven C. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Deindustrialization became a pressing political issue and an object of research almost simultaneously in North America. This article inquires into the intellectual origins and radical roots of the deindustrialization thesis in Canada and the United States. Though the two countries share much in common, their distinctive formulations of the deindustrial problem in the 1970s and 1980s reflected key economic and political differences between them. Radical political economists in Canada and the United States turned to dependency theory and capital flight, respectively, in their theorization of deindustrialization. Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison’s 1982 book, The Deindustrialization of America, in particular, is a founding text for the burgeoning field of deindustrialization studies. We can learn much from re-engaging with this early scholarship. In doing so, however, we need to bridge the continuing analytical divide between micro-level labour histories of working-class communities and macro-level studies of political economy and the international division of labour.
Keywords: capital mobility; deindustrialization; dependency; international division of labour; political economy; staples

“A New Saskatchewan?”: Political Culture Change in Saskatchewan Party-Era Saskatchewan - Hill, Lauren (University of Alberta, 2023)
Since its founding as a province, Saskatchewan has been depicted by the academic literature as possessing a political culture that was distinctly collectivist, dirigiste, protectionist, and polarized, largely owed to the historical political dominance of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and the New Democratic Party (NDP) in the province. Such narratives have outlived the political fortunes of both the CCF and NDP, and have, until this point, persisted despite the rise of the right-wing Saskatchewan Party. This thesis aims to fill a scholarly gap, through considering the influence of prolonged Saskatchewan Party governance on the province’s politics and assessing the current state of Saskatchewan’s political culture. Specifically, I ask the following question: what is the dominant political culture strand in Saskatchewan Party-era Saskatchewan? Through a series of online focus group activities involving people from across the province, I assess and substantiate the influence of political culture pillars, such as collectivism, laissez-faire, heartland, and adversarialism, in shaping Saskatchewan’s provincial identity and contemporary political culture. This study demonstrates that Saskatchewan’s political culture has changed. Specifically, this thesis finds Saskatchewan’s contemporary political culture to be ‘blended’, containing components of both traditional and alternative political culture strands, although displaying a slight preference for the neoliberal and conservative alternative political culture. The findings suggest that the current Saskatchewan political culture has departed from its collectivist and hinterland traditions in favour of individualism and heartland. Meanwhile, the political orientations towards the provincial government’s role in the society and the economy (dirigisme or laissez-faire) or the attitudes Saskatchewanians possess towards political actors and the political system (adversarialism or pragmatism) are considerably more varied and lack ideological consistence. Ultimately, this study highlights the influence of political party shifts in serving as mechanisms and reflections of political culture change and provides an overview of Saskatchewan’s contemporary political culture under prolonged Saskatchewan Party governance. A concluding discussion highlights the value and significance of this research and suggests area of future exploration about Saskatchewan provincial politics and political culture.

Working for Respect: Community and Conflict at Walmart - Hocquelet, Mathieu (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Working for Respect: Community and Conflict at Walmart," by Adam Reich and Peter Bearman.

Syndiquer sans mobiliser : la plateformisation du travail et ses conséquences sur le syndicalisme chinois - Huang, Ke (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Comment les syndicats chinois réagissent-ils à la plateformisation du travail et à la résistance des travailleurs des plateformes ? Centré sur les livreurs de repas, cet article examine les défis que le travail de plateforme pose à la Fédération nationale des syndicats de Chine (Zhonghua quanguo zonggonghui中华全国总工会), la seule organisation syndicale légale en Chine, et la manière dont, dans un premier temps, les livreurs se sont mis en lutte sans l’intervention des syndicats. Dans un deuxième temps, répondant aux injonctions des autorités politiques, la FNSC a cherché à syndiquer les livreurs en développant de nouveaux modes d’organisation. Parallèlement, elle a développé une offre de service à destination de ces travailleurs. Ce n’est que tout récemment qu’elle s’est impliquée dans la négociation de conventions collectives portant sur les conditions d’emploi et de travail des livreurs. Même si le manque de recul ne permet pas de saisir la portée réelle de ces négociations, elle interpelle cependant par rapport à la réalité du syndicalisme en Chine.
Keywords: ACFTU; China; Chine; FNSC; Food delivery workers; Livreurs de repas; auto-organisation; mobilisation; mobilization; plateforme; platforms; self-organization; syndicats; trade unions

The Heart of Toronto: Corporate Power, Civic Activism, and the Remaking of Downtown Yonge Street - Hyde, Zachary (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The Heart of Toronto: Corporate Power, Civic Activism, and the Remaking of Downtown Yonge Street," by Daniel Ross.

Transformed or Transferred? How Workers Perceive Managerial Control over Home Telework. Some Insights from an Italian Case - Iannuzzi, Francesco Eugenio; Campolongo, Francesco (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
We examined how home-based teleworkers perceived managerial control in an Italian context in order to gain insight into some of the organizational changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on studies of changes to managerial control over the past few decades, we show how workers have experienced the reconfiguration and hybridization of control practices and methods in home telework. Our results cast doubt on the widely held belief that telework is revolutionizing managerial control and work procedures. Organizational and power dynamics at work are key to determining how telework affects employee experiences.
Keywords: contrôle managérial; expériences des travailleurs; managerial control; pandemic; pandémie; telework; télétravail; worker’s experiences

Raising the Bar for App-Based Work: CCPA-BC response to the BC Ministry of Labour Discussion Paper Proposing Employment Standards and Other Protections for App-Based Ride-Hail and Food-Delivery Workers in British Columbia - Ivanova, Iglika; Sioufi, Véronique (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, BC Office, 2023)
This brief addresses the specific discussion questions posed in the Ministry’s Paper and highlights several other priority areas for reform that are essential for ensuring that app-based workers have access to the full range of rights and protections afforded to other workers in our province, including the right to collectively bargain.

But Is It a Good Job? Understanding Employment Precarity in BC - Ivanova, Iglika; Strauss, Kendra (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, BC Office, 2023)
The rise of the ‘gig economy’ and on-demand work using online platforms like Uber and Skip the Dishes has ignited public debate about precarious work and what makes a “good job.” Precarious work is not a new phenomenon, nor is it limited to the gig economy—but we don’t know just how widespread a problem it has become, mainly because Statistics Canada does not collect timely data on many of its dimensions. As part of the Understanding Precarity in BC project we conducted a pilot BC Precarity Survey—the first of its kind in BC—to address this gap and collect new evidence on the scale and unequal impacts of precarious work in our province. The survey, conducted in late 2019, reveals a polarized labour market in which precarious work is far more pervasive than many assume and includes much more than “gig work.” It also shows that the burden of precarious work falls more heavily on racialized and immigrant communities, Indigenous peoples, women and lower-income groups. –Website description

Introduction du numéro spécial sur la contribution des relations industrielles à la compréhension de l’avenir du travail et de l’emploi - Jalette, Patrice; Pohler, Dionne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Pour célébrer le 60e anniversaire de l’Association canadienne des relations industrielles (ACRI), Relations industrielles-Industrial Relations (RI-IR) et l’ACRI ont convenu de publier un numéro spécial afin de faire progresser et de consolider les connaissances dans notre domaine. Depuis plus d’un siècle en Amérique du Nord, les chercheurs et les praticiens des relations industrielles étudient les problèmes liés au travail et à l’emploi, qui se perpétuent dans le cadre des modèles de production capitalistes, mais qui deviennent de plus en plus diversifiés et complexes. Par exemple, alors que le travail précaire, la santé et la sécurité au travail et les changements technologiques ont toujours posé des défis aux travailleurs, la pandémie mondiale de COVID-19 a montré que nous n’avons pas fait tout ce que nous pensions pour créer des systèmes d’emploi ou des politiques du travail qui facilitent l’équilibre entre la vie professionnelle et la vie privée, protègent les revenus des travailleurs contre les risques sociaux, permettent d’atteindre l’équité en matière d’emploi, retiennent les personnes et les compétences nécessaires au bon fonctionnement des organisations et respectent l’exercice des droits fondamentaux par les travailleurs. De plus en plus, les praticiens doivent faire face à ce que certains appellent une « polycrise », c’est-à-dire plusieurs crises simultanées (par exemple, le vieillissement de la population, l’inflation, l’évolution des préférences des travailleurs, le travail à distance et/ou le retour au travail en personne, les changements démographiques générationnels). Ces crises se combinent et s’exacerbent les unes les autres, rendant ainsi les problèmes classiques de main-d’oeuvre plus imprévisibles et plus complexes. –Introduction

Introduction to the Special Issue on the Contribution of Industrial Relations to Understanding the Future of Work and Employment - Jalette, Patrice; Pohler, Dionne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
To commemorate the Canadian Industrial Relations Association’s (CIRA-ACRI) 60th anniversary, Relations industrielles-Industrial Relations (RI-IR) and CIRA have agreed to publish a special issue to advance and consolidate knowledge in our field. For more than a century in North America, industrial relations scholars and practitioners have been studying work and employment problems, which remain age-old under capitalist models of production but are becoming more diverse and complex. For instance, while precarious work, occupational health and safety and technological change have always challenged workers, the global COVID-19 pandemic has shown that we have not come as far as we think in creating employment systems or labour policies that facilitate work-life balance, protect worker incomes against social risks, achieve employment equity, retain the people and skills required for effective operation of organizations and respect workers’ exercise of fundamental rights. More and more, practitioners must deal with what some call a “polycrisis”—several crises happening at once (e.g., population aging, inflation, changing worker preferences, remote work and/or a return to face-to-face work, generational demographic shifts). These crises combine with and exacerbate each other, thus making classic labour problems more unpredictable and complex. –Introduction

Honouring Grief Experiences in Life, Death, and the Workplace: A Critical Analysis of Bereavement Accommodation for Workers in Precarious Employment in Canada - Joy, Karima (University of Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 2023)
Bereavement scholarship predominantly explores psychological aspects of grief, which neglects the role of social, economic, and political factors that shape the space allotted to accommodate these experiences. The current Canadian social context offers minimal space to honour bereavement as a part of the human condition. Aiming to respond to calls for enhancing bereavement care, this dissertation explores bereavement accommodation for workers in precarious employment in Ontario, Canada. Drawing on critical qualitative research and feminist ethics, this study employs policy analysis and in-depth interviews to generate multi-scalar knowledge on the everyday experiences of bereaved workers in precarious employment. I argue that there are discrepancies between how bereavement is represented in the social context and the everyday experiences of bereaved workers. The current representation portrays bereavement as a short-term, workplace disruption, neglecting grief and many forms of practical and emotional labour in bereavement. Participants expressed they were uninformed and unprepared for grief and bereavement labour, and that navigating the current context created tension, stress, exhaustion, isolation, and stigma. I argue we need a collective, ontological reckoning with our sense of autonomy, recognizing and honouring our interdependence in life and death. I argue that bereavement is a neglected public health issue driven by socio-political forces that devalue relationality, stigmatize emotions, and render bereavement an individual responsibility. This thesis makes broad recommendations for a public health approach to bereavement care, including enhancing grief literacy, creating more responsive care pathways and strategies for addressing individual and collective grief, and establishing safeguards for precarious workers.
Accepted: 2023-11-14T16:46:15Z

Under the Iron Heel: The Wobblies and the Capitalist War on Radical Workers - Kealey, Gregory S. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Under the Iron Heel: The Wobblies and the Capitalist War on Radical Workers," by Ahmed White.

Medicare’s Histories: Origins, Omissions, and Opportunities in Canada - Kealey, Linda (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Medicare’s Histories: Origins, Omissions, and Opportunities in Canada," edited by Esyllt W. Jones, James Hanley, and Delia Gavrus.

Superstack Nostalgia: Miners and Industrial Heritage in Sudbury, Ontario - King, Adam D. K. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The growth of industrial tourism and heritage has both fascinated and frustrated scholars of deindustrialization. Frequently, workers and class conflict are obscured in or expunged from the official narratives of industrial heritage. This article makes an original contribution to research on deindustrialization and industrial heritage through fieldwork in Sudbury, Ontario – a region that has seen a decades-long process of industrial restructuring. The article draws on 26 qualitative interviews with current and retired nickel miners and analyzes workers’ reflections on local mining history. It examines how workers understand the foreign takeover of the mines, job loss, and the transformation of Sudbury’s regional economy away from blue-collar industrial employment. The article then explores the growth of regional tourism based around the mining sector, looking particularly at Dynamic Earth, an attraction that teaches visitors about the history of nickel mining through guided tours of a closed mine. On the one hand, workers critique what they see as an obfuscation of class conflict in industrial heritage, while on the other hand, they experience these sites as confirmation of the historic contributions nickel miners have made to Sudbury and the surrounding region.
Keywords: deindustrialization; industrial heritage; industrial tourism; mining; nostalgia; working-class culture

The Origins and Application of the "Core of Indianness" in Indigenous Labour Relations: Returning to Four B Manufacturing v. United Garment Workers of America - King, Adam D. K.; Lyubchenko, Olena; Vosko, Leah F.; Noack, Andrea M.; Coburn, Veldon; Hall, Rebecca J. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
This article examines the history of, and legal precedent set by, Four B Manufacturing v. United Garment Workers of America, a 1980 Supreme Court of Canada case involving an Indigenous-owned manufacturing firm that resisted the efforts of its Indigenous and non-Indigenous workers to form a union on the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, a reserve in southeastern Ontario. The employer, Four B, contested the jurisdiction of the Ontario Labour Relations Board and argued, unsuccessfully, that as an "Indian enterprise," its own operations were a matter of federal jurisdiction. We return to the case of Four B for three interrelated reasons. First, we argue that Four B remains relevant because of the ways that the political economy of settler-colonial Canada continues to structure Indigenous enterprises, labour, and employment as ongoing sites of tension. Second, as the inaugural case dealing with the "core of Indianness" – a contested legal concept used by the courts to determine federal jurisdiction over Indigenous labour – this case both set the legal precedent and shaped the subsequent political terrain of Indigenous labour relations. Third, the issues addressed in Four B contextualize recent jurisdictional struggles over Indigenous enterprises, labour, and employment in what we term the "Indigenous public sector" – namely, health care, social services, and First Nations government administration. The article reviews the case history of Four B, setting this against the backdrop of deindustrialization in southeastern Ontario during the period, before tracing how the case influenced the juridical and political landscape of Indigenous labour relations. We close by considering the potential tensions between Indigenous self-determination and the exercise of collective bargaining rights by Indigenous workers.
Keywords: "core of Indianness"; Indigenous labour relations; colonialisme de peuplement; juridiction; jurisdiction; public-sector unionism; relations du travail autochtones; settler colonialism; syndicalisme dans le secteur public; « cœur de l'Indianité »

Querelle de Roberval - Lacroix, Michel (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "Querelle de Roberval," by Kevin Lambert.

“La Grève de la fierté”: Resisting Deindustrialization in Montréal’s Garment Industry, 1977–1983 - Laframboise, Lauren (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
On 15 August 1983, 9,500 workers from the Montréal locals of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union went on strike for the first time in 43 years. The strike became known as “la grève de la fierté” and made clear that the women working in the city’s garment factories were taking a stand against the layoffs and closures prompted by industrial restructuring and deindustrialization. However, the strike’s success was limited, revealing the extent to which the structural inequities in the garment industry had calcified along gendered, classed, and ethnic lines. The union executive had grown increasingly distant from its rank-and-file, and it was immigrant women workers who were left to organize against the flurry of closures and the corresponding decline in their working conditions. The campaign leading up to the 1983 strike, organized by the Comité d’action des travailleurs du vêtement, articulated a series of demands for the improvement of workplace health and safety conditions, better benefits, and more representative union leadership. With original archival research and oral history interviews, I argue that the 1983 “grève de la fierté” illustrates how the historically entrenched gendered structure of labour relations shaped the pathways of deindustrialization in Montréal’s garment industry.
Keywords: Montréal; Québec; garment and textile industry; gendered labour; immigrant women; oral history; piecework; rank-and-file organizing; strike; trade liberalization

The Workers' Opposition in the Russian Communist Party: Documents, 1919–30 - Lalande, J.-Guy (Jean-Guy) (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The Workers' Opposition in the Russian Communist Party: Documents, 1919–30," edited by Barbara C. Allen.

The Thicker the Agreement, The Poorer the Relationship: An Examination of Public Sector Environments in Canada and the Intersection of Organisational Trust, COVID-19, and Collective Bargaining Agreements - Lawton, Teigan R.G. (Australian Institute of Business, 2023)
In late December 2019, a new and emerging coronavirus came out of Wuhan, China. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, widely known as “COVID-19” (WHO, 2022), significantly impacted nearly every aspect of human life on Earth. This study, referred to throughout the thesis as a “project,” examined the intersection of collective bargaining agreements and COVID-19 in unionised environments in the public sector of Canada. –From Executive Summary

Building Blocks of Victory in Oshawa 1937: The Left, the Rank and File, and the International Union - Leah, Anthony D. (McMaster University, 2023)
The Oshawa 1937 strike against General Motors was a major turning point in Canadian labour history. This thesis explores the factors that led to its success, including the historical background of working class struggle; the economic and political context of the times; prior organizing by Communists; the engagement of rank-and-file GM workers and the remarkable stewards’ body they established; and the support and leadership of the UAW International union. The influence of Communists meant that the strike incorporated many features of what might now be called rank-and-file unionism: industrial unionism, democratic engagement of rank-and-file workers, militancy on the shop floor, building solidarity within the workforce and in the community, international solidarity, and rejecting cooperation with corporations. The contending forces of workers, corporations, and rabidly anti-union governments that clashed in Oshawa in 1937 are largely the same ones we see in the battles going on in North America today. Thus, understanding the factors that led to the success of the Oshawa strikers can provide valuable lessons to those seeking to revive today’s labour movement.

The South: Jim Crow and its Afterlives - Lichtenste[i]n, Alex (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The South: Jim Crow and its Afterlives," by Adolph L. Reed, Jr., with a foreword by Barbara J. Fields.

“We Thought It Would Last Forever”: The Social Scars and Legacy Effects of Mine Closure at Nanisivik, Canada’s First High Arctic Mine - Lim, Tee Wern; Keeling, Arn; Satterfield, Terre (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Although mine closures are an inherent feature of extractive industry, they tend to receive less attention in the literature on deindustrialization than the closures of manufacturing and other heavy industries. Until recently, the settler-colonial context of hinterland mineral development and its impact on northern Indigenous lands and communities in Canada have also remained largely unexplored within this literature. Mineral development is historically associated with the introduction of a colonial-capitalist industrial modernity across Canada’s northern regions. Yet the boom-and-bust nature and ultimate ephemerality of mineral development has meant that resource-extractive regions have also been subject to intensive “cyclonic” periods of closure and deindustrialization. This article examines the experience of deindustrialization on the part of the Inuit community of Arctic Bay, who were largely “left behind” by the closure of Nanisivik, Canada’s first High Arctic mine. Through documentary sources and oral history interviews we illustrate how, for Arctic Bay Inuit who were engaged in the cyclonic economies of Nanisivik’s development and closure, there were myriad dimensions of social loss, displacement, and resentment associated with the failure of this industrial enterprise to deliver promised benefits to Inuit, beyond more commonly understood socioeconomic impacts such as job loss.
Keywords: Arctic; Indigenous communities; Inuit; Northern Canada; deindustrialization; industrial colonialism; mine closure; mining; ruination

Répression et dépossession politique - Livernois, Jonathan (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "1972. Répression et dépossession politique," by Olivier Ducharme.

Tipping Point for Advanced Capitalism: Class, Class Consciousness and Activism in the “Knowledge Economy” - Livingstone, D. W. (David W.) (Fernwood Publishing, 2023)
The aim: to rejuvenate study and understanding of class relations in advanced capitalism. The book is an original synthesis of theorizing about class grounded in the production process, revealing a distinct tripartite class structure of owners, managers and non-managerial workers. Changes since the 1980s are traced and significant increases of non-managerial professional employees and middle managers are documented beyond any prior empirical research. Higher levels of oppositional and revolutionary class consciousness are conceptualized in terms of support for rights of capital and labour, and the extent of their expression in employed labour forces is estimated in terms only previously attempted briefly in the wake of 1960s protest movements. Connections between objective class positions and levels of class consciousness are analyzed in unprecedented depth; the solidary hegemonic consciousness of corporate capitalists, declining pro-capital oppositional consciousness among other employers and upper managers, and the pro-labour oppositional consciousness of pluralities of non-managerial workers (including professional employees) are all documented more fully than in prior studies. Strategic connections between class, class consciousness and issues of poverty and global warming are identified. Contending class forces’ engagement in actions toward an imminent system tipping point are uniquely traced. Main sources of evidence are all the national surveys in G7 and Nordic countries in the 1980s that provide relevant data, and the author’s unique Canadian national surveys in 2004, 2010 and 2016, supplemented by interviews with class leaders. A website encourages further class-based studies of advanced capitalism with similar measures to aid ecological sustainability and economic democracy. –Publisher's description (WorldCat record)
OCLC: 1379420700
Keywords: Capitalism; Class consciousness; Knowledge economy; Social classes

Unionizing Delivery Platform Workers. The Spatiality of Struggles over Regulation and Deregulation of Delivery Work in Spain - López-García, Irene; Ribón-Seisdedos, Maria Antonia; Morales-Muñoz, Karol; Roca, Beltrán (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
This article is about recent changes in the union strategy of Spanish platform workers. Using a socio-spatial approach to labour processes and disputes, we first describe the context of union organizing: how the business model of delivery platforms has evolved and how it is regulated in Spain. We then analyze the first initiatives to organize couriers in Spain. These initiatives can be classified under the heading of community unionism and have focused on specific spaces of union activism (state regulation and community support). Next, we explore how their newly won employee status has caused couriers to adopt more conventional forms of union organizing and focus on other spaces. Finally, we discuss the main challenges of reconciling union models with the working world of delivery platforms.
Keywords: community unionism; couriers; delivery platforms; industrial action; platform capitalism; platform workers; spatiality of labour; unions

Ableism in Canadian Workplaces - Lopez; McFadyen, Nicole D.; Welsh, Sandy; MacQuarrie, Barbara J. (Western University, Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children, 2023)
Employees living with disabilities often experience negative social attitudes about disability from employers and co-workers in their workplaces, as well as both overt and subtle forms of violence, discrimination, and harassment.... Our findings show that ableism often shows up in the context of employees needing accommodations to best do their job and is also present in the daily experiences of existing as a person living with a disability in a workplace. –From Introduction
https://www.learningtoendabuse.ca/research/national_survey_on_harassment_and_violence_at_work_in_canada/230522_Ableism-in-Canadian-Workplaces-EN.pdf

Importing the Clairtone Sound: Political Economy, Regionalism, and Deindustrialization in Pictou County - MacKinnon, Lachlan (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Following the industrial crisis of the 1920s and the Great Depression in the 1930s, consecutive provincial governments in Nova Scotia turned their efforts toward state-led economic development. After the election of Robert Stanfield and the Tories in 1956, a wholesale industrial planning model was unveiled. Indeed, Stanfieldian economic policy in Nova Scotia was predicated upon the belief that direct state-led interventionism was necessary to offset regional inequity. State corporate entities, such as Industrial Estates Limited, and renewed interest in a state-driven industrial relations paradigm were central in the province’s efforts to revitalize its flagging economy and offset predicted decline in the Cape Breton coal and steel industries. This article examines the fate of the Clairtone Sound Corporation, one of Nova Scotia’s “new industries” that emerged out of these state-led development efforts. A case study of this Stellarton-based firm reveals how structural processes of deindustrialization produced crisis even within sectors that were completely distinct from the province’s cornerstone industries of coal and steel. This case includes a reflection on the class composition of the modernist state in Nova Scotia and represents a convergence of the historiographical focus on state-led industrial development in the Maritimes and recent literature found within deindustrialization studies.
Keywords: Atlantic Canada; Nova Scotia; coal; deindustrialization; economic planning; electronics; industrial development; regionalism

Deindustrialization in Canada: New Perspectives - MacKinnon, Lachlan; High, Steven C. (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
Introduces the theme of deindustrialization in Canada including history, gender, regions, technology, and resistance Summarizes the various contributions to this special issue of the journal.

The Opportunity Trap: High-Skilled Workers, Indian Families, and the Failures of the Dependent Visa Program - Maghbouleh, Neda (Labour / Le Travail, 2023)
The article reviews the book, "The Opportunity Trap: High-Skilled Workers, Indian Families, and the Failures of the Dependent Visa Program," by Pallavi Banerjee.

Brightening My Corner: A Memoir of Dreams Fulfilled - Malloy, Ruth Lor (Barclay Press, 2023)
Ruth Lor started life Chinese in a small Canadian town. Driven by curiosity, a yen for adventure, and a wish to be useful, she managed to spend her life fighting racial discrimination. In Washington, D.C., she fought segregation by sitting in at "whites only" restaurants and swimming in "whites only" pools. She planted trees in Mexico, painted houses for Inuit victims of tuberculosis in the Canadian Arctic, and helped distribute food to refugees in Taiwan. When China reopened to foreigners after its Cultural Revolution, Ruth wrote the first English-language guidebook about that enormous country.Ruth covered the war in Vietnam, crossed Himalayan passes on foot and horseback, and faced down an angry elephant in Africa. She worked in India to reduce prejudice against that country's caste of transgender hijras. She and her husband housed refugees in their Maryland home after the Vietnam War ended.Now in her nineties, Ruth still works with refugees, and she still brightens her corner of the world, wherever she is. –Publisher's description

Provincial Bargaining, Provincial Union Power, and the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation: A Case Study of Ontario Teacher Union Democracy in an Era of Centralized Bargaining - Mancini, Chantal Yvonne (McMaster University, 2023)
This thesis explores the impact of the centralization of bargaining in Ontario’s education sector on the internal democracy of the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation (OSSTF), the province’s second-largest teacher union and self-described defender of public education. Using multiple theoretical lenses of union democracy, public sector unionism, labour geography and teacher professionalism, this thesis examines OSSTF’s history and the evolution of its internal processes and structures, with a focus on the union’s response to the gradual shift to a centralized bargaining regime. Initially formed in 1919 as a conservative organization committed to raising the professional status of teachers, OSSTF expanded into a union that represents both teachers and support staff, bargaining contracts for members with local employers. Positioned within a public sector context of austerity and neoliberal governments looking to contain the costs of public education, OSSTF found itself subjected to legislation intended to upscale education funding and bargaining, beginning in the late 1990s. This thesis finds that the external context of centralization of bargaining has been the most important factor in shaping the internal democratic life of OSSTF, shifting scales of power from the local to the provincial level of the union, exacerbating tensions between provincial and local actors, increasing the overall bureaucracy of the organization, and reducing democratic participation by the rank-and-file. These findings lead to the greater question of whether these internal changes have enhanced or limited the ability of OSSTF to effectively further their members’ interests and resist the neoliberalization of the school system, with a view to considering the role of teacher unions within the future of public education in Ontario.

Job Standardization and Employee Voice - Mao, Hsiao-Yen; Mao, Chueh-Wei (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
An organization expects its employees to comply with job standardization to improve its production efficiency, while also expecting them to make suggestions to improve their job performance. Are the two goals compatible? Does job standardization turn employees into active speakers or stifled ones? This study is about how and why job standardization influences employee voice. I use conservation of resources (COR) theory to articulate competing hypotheses and a mediating process for the individual mechanism of employees’ role orientation in their job. In a three-wave panel survey, 232 employees completed questionnaires. The results are consistent with the resource conservation argument of COR theory: job standardization is resource-depleting and tends to narrow the role orientation of employees, who thus focus on resource conservation to fulfill job requirements and are in turn less likely to consume resources and voice suggestions. This study provides a specific, job-related way for managers to keep employee voice from being stifled or ignored. Job standardization should consider the relative importance of employee voice and be classified as discipline-related or job-content-related.
Keywords: conservation of resources; employee voice; job standardization; role orientation

L’accompagnement syndical des mobilisations de chauffeurs VTC et de livreurs de repas en France. Les apports d’une perspective comparative et intersectionnelle - Marchadour, Guénolé (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2023)
Le développement du travail de plateforme a vu naître, dans différents contextes nationaux, des mobilisations pour défendre les intérêts et faire reconnaître les spécificités de travailleur·es situé·es aux marges des relations industrielles. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner, suivant une perspective comparative et intersectionnelle, l’accompagnement syndical des mobilisations de chauffeurs VTC et de livreurs de repas en France. À partir d’une enquête qualitative sur des collectifs suivis par la CFDT et la CGT, il met en évidence les défis et les obstacles communs auxquels ces organisations sont aujourd’hui confrontées pour soutenir l’action collective de travailleur·es précaires et racisé·es.
Keywords: Accompagnement syndical; Intersectionality; Intersectionnalité; Mobilisations; Mobilizations; Platform workers; Precariousness; Précarité; Travailleurs de plateforme; Union support

Labour's Recourse? Legal Protections and Remedies for Migrant Workers in Canada - Marsden, Sarah (Migrant Labour and the Reshaping of Employment Law, 2023)
The presence of migrant workers has become a central feature of labour markets in highly developed countries. The International Labour Organisation estimates that in 2013 there were 112 million resident migrant workers in the 58 highest-income countries, who made up 16% of the workforce. Non-resident workers have also increasingly become part of the labour available for employment in other states, often on a temporary basis. This work takes a thematic and comparative approach to examine the profound implications of contemporary labour migration for employment law regimes in highly developed countries. In so doing, it aims to promote greater recognition of labour migration-related questions, and of the interests of migrant workers, within employment law scholarship. The work comprises original analyses by leading scholars of migration and employment law at the European Union level, and in Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States. The specific position of migrant workers is addressed, for example as regards equality of treatment, or the position in employment law of migrant workers without a right to work. The work also explores the effects of migration levels and patterns upon general employment law - including the law relating to collective bargaining, and remedies against exploitation. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1376932406
Keywords: Foreign workers Legal status; laws; etc