Seeing Through Whiteness: The Particular Formation of Academic Institutional Racism as ‘Snowblindness’ - Rahman, Momin (CAUT Journal, 2025)
In this paper, I explore a particular formation of institutional racism within academic organizations. First, I detail the recent positive recognition of systemic barriers to inclusion in Canada through the rhetoric and policies from national research funding agencies, university managements, and faculty unions. I go on to suggest, however, that there is a contradiction in the promotional framing of these commitments as ‘inclusive excellence’ because the discourse of excellence implies that the institution is already performing at peak function and hence needs no systemic organizational change. I argue that this contradiction undermines the development of genuine motivations to address exclusions and reduces equity policies to tokenistic promotional branding. The excellence discourse appeals to the vanity of the academics who are being encouraged to be more inclusive, a vanity of ‘excellence’ that is a manifestation of the broader epistemological understanding of our profession as both very intelligent and neutral or objective in our approach to generating and assessing knowledge. This professional epistemology anchors our understanding of why the profession looks the way it does: white ethnic dominance is taken as a reflection of objective merit, which then prevents any consideration of whiteness as a contributing privilege to entering and progressing through the academy. I term this equation of whiteness with our professional capacities as ‘professional snowblindness’ because it prevents recognition of the whiteness of the profession precisely through recourse to our professional skills and capacities. I argue that this ‘snowblindness’ is the particular formation of institutional racism in the academy and, crucially, that it needs to be named and discussed if we are to create genuine motivations for equity.
Keywords: academy; diversity; equity; inclusion; institutional racism

Seeing Equity as Labour Justice - Rahman, Momin; Hearn, Alison (CAUT Journal, 2025)
Introduction to the CAUT Journal special themed issue on seeing equity as labour justice.
Keywords: equity; labour justice

Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives - Raphael, Dennis (Canadian Scholars' Press, 2025)
Now in its fourth edition, Dennis Raphael’s Social Determinants of Health offers the definitive Canadian discussion of the primary factors that influence the health of Canada’s population.This unique text on the social determinants of health contains contributions from top academics and high-profile experts from across Canada. Taking a public policy approach, the contributors to this edited collection critically analyze the structural inequalities embedded in our society and the socio-economic factors that affect health―including income, education, employment, housing, food security, gender, and race. This new edition includes recent statistics, new developments in early childhood education and the implementation of Canada’s national childcare system, and new content on the social determinants of Indigenous Peoples’ health. Particular attention is paid to how economic globalization and the acceptance of neoliberal governing ideology is shaping the health of Canadians. The COVID-19 epidemic vividly illustrated the importance of the social determinants of health, as sickness and death rates were strikingly higher among Canadians in groups already experiencing adverse living and working conditions and poorer health: lower income Canadians, recent immigrants of colour, and those experiencing housing and food insecurity. If anything positive is to come out of this experience, it will be recognition that in the current post-COVID-19 environment, it is essential to understand the socio-economic conditions that shape the health of individuals and communities. Social Determinants of Health, Fourth Edition is aimed at courses focusing on the social determinants of health at Canadian universities and colleges, particularly those in health studies and nursing, but also allied health, sociology, and human services. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1450214834

Harassment and Violence faced by Latinas on Ontario Construction Industry work sites - Ratsch, Valeria (University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 2025)
The aim of my dissertation is to examine the Harassment and Violence (HV) that Latinas face while working in the Ontario Construction Industry (OCI). I was specifically interested in the toxic impact HV has on Latina worker’s professional careers, as well as their personal lives. My qualitative research interviews (pláticas) with fourteen Latina construction workers, provided me with the capacity to explain how the labour they perform, and the legal invisibility by which they are defined, systematically combine to disenfranchise Latinas. I explain how the hyper-visible identity of Latinas on job sites, compounds the invisibility of their labour, even as language barriers significantly diminish their individual capacity to report and combat HV effectively. This dissertation also illuminates the persistent state of vulnerability (harassment, wage theft, and/or working in dangerous conditions) experienced by Latinas working without status in the OCI. I open with a literature review illuminating my uniquely intersectional, methodological position as a Canadian-born, Spanish-speaking academic researcher with more than two decades of experience working as a safety inspector in the OCI. My pláticas with fourteen Latinas working in the OCI reveal how workplace dynamics and regulatory inconsistencies contribute to their vulnerability to supervisory exploitation and discrimination from co-workers. The concepts of tokenism, intersectionality, and the conditionality of precarious status help explain how systemic labour policies have placed women in positions where following workplace regulations can inadvertently reinforce their collective marginalization. I found that the toxic, racialized, gendered culture of the OCI is reproduced even when women receive status, such as in the case of supervisors. I recommend a systemic shift in the culture of the OCI which keeps HV underground and normalizes the approach to Latina women in the industry. My dissertation concludes by recommending that support groups, operating outside of state structures, should be funded to serve as the frontline of protection.

L’intégration des personnes immigrantes sur le milieu de travail et la valeur ajoutée d’une perspective subjective - Ren, Sijie; Schomaker, Margaret (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
The challenges of integrating immigrants into the workplace can attenuate the potential benefits of cultural diversity. Existing literature offers a limited perspective on the success of this integration and its determinants. This study examines the professional integration of immigrants, focusing on individual dimensions such as their commitment to work and their own perception of integration. It addresses three questions: How do immigrants perceive successful integration? What factors influence this perception? How do these factors interact? We address these questions through a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Based on three theories of integration (social capital theory, social identity theory and organisational climate), a conceptual framework of factors influencing immigrants' perceptions of their integration is proposed. A modest test of this framework on three interviews confirms that several factors influence immigrants' perception of integration, including social capital, sense of belonging, organisational support, diversity, assistance from colleagues, access to local networks, trust, and language skills. It has been established that an organisational climate that is inclusive and respectful of diversity appears to strengthen immigrants' sense of belonging and promote their perception of integration. All these elements interact synergistically, influencing immigrants’ perceptions of their integration. The study contributes to a better understanding of the complex and multidimensional nature of the integration process, going beyond simple considerations of economic integration. It also highlights the need for more inclusive practices that take into consideration the experiences of immigrants in order to better understand and improve their integration.
Keywords: diversity management; gestion de la diversité; immigrant; intégration sur le milieu de travail; personnes immigrantes; perspective subjective; subjective perspective; workplace integration

Rethinking Feminist History and Theory: Essays on Gender, Class, and Labour - Ricci, Amanda (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
The article reviews the book, "Rethinking Feminist History and Theory: Essays on Gender, Class, and Labour," edited by Lisa Pasolli and Julia Smith

Bridging Education and Career: Post-Secondary Music Performance Curriculum and the Portfolio Practices of Classical Musicians - Richards, Jenna (University of Ottawa, 2025)
This dissertation explores the intersections of music curriculum, identity, and career components to provide a deeper understanding of musicians’ livelihoods in Canada. To assess the alignment of post-secondary training with the practices of professional musicians today, the author studies undergraduate music performance curricula and nontraditional performance work, examines rhetoric surrounding musicians’ identities, and delineates portfolio careers. Drawing on first-hand Canadian data through a national survey and interviews with graduates of post-secondary music performance programs, a survey of adaptive concert performers, and a curriculum analysis based on web-scraped data from five prominent institutions, the dissertation applies social constructionist theory and the transformative lens to emphasize musicians’ perspectives in a practical dissemination of findings. Three core articles address three critical aspects of musicians’ careers: (1) Canadian undergraduate music performance curricula, focusing on coursework beyond core musicianship; (2) the portfolio careers of Canadian-trained classical musicians, assessing employment patterns, career sustainability, training relevancy, and identity formation; and (3) nontraditional performance work, with specific focus on adaptive concerts as an emerging performance avenue. The synthesis and conclusion distill key takeaways and present actionable recommendations for curriculum reform, identity affirmation, and professional preparation. The careers of classical musicians are increasingly precarious and multifaceted, challenging the legitimacy of traditional conservatory models that frame success primarily in terms of full-time performance careers. This research contributes to discourse on music careers by identifying gaps in institutional training and exposing the realities of professional life for performance graduates. By integrating concepts from the performing arts, curriculum, and entrepreneurship, this dissertation offers interdisciplinary insights into how institutions and society might better support musicians in building sustainable careers.

In Search of the Desperate Athlete: Serious Organised Team Sport Athletes as Neo-Indentured Labour - Riedl, Mark (Sport, Ethics and Philosophy, 2025)
In this article, I pursue the ‘desperate athlete’—a familiar figure for me, a basketball coach and trainer—by arguing serious organised team sport athletes are neo-indentured labourers by illustrating the continuities of indentureship in contemporary serious organised team sport. This article contributes the original analogy ‘indentured’ to the philosophy of sport which is a stronger claim than what other scholars have argued, and in turn provides the neo-indentured desperate athlete as a framework and mode of understanding and to make sense of how serious organised team sport athletes are constructed, explained by way of Foucauldian concepts of objectification, discursive power relations and bio-power. It is an effort to introduce the original concept of the neo-indentured ‘desperate athlete’ and develop that figure as an important subject deserving of scholarly inquiry into the philosophy of discipline in team sport. To ignore the continuities of indentureship in contemporary serious organised team sport would be an example of sport discourse dismissing the inconvenient; so too would be ignoring the ‘desperate athlete’.
Keywords: Indenture; bio-power; discipline; labour; mistreatment; sport

Poverty Policy: Historic Institutional Approaches to Poor Relief in Canada - Robbenhaar, Madeline E. A. (University of Alberta, 2025)
In Canada, social assistance programs act as a ‘safety net’ to prevent those living in poverty from reaching destitution. However, this safety net comes with expectations – in the form of welfare-to-work programs that mandate beneficiaries’ participation in work-related activities. Underlying these welfare-to-work programs are ideas surrounding citizenship, activation, dependency, and the role of the state in supporting the welfare of its citizens. Embedded in these programs are the ideas of market citizenship and activation, two ideas that tell the story of the ideal citizen in Canada: a self-sufficient and appropriately activated market citizen, who fulfils their obligation of supporting themselves through participation in paid employment. Subsequently, through the ideas of market citizenship and activation, social assistance beneficiaries represent the antagonist to the ideal citizen: an unmotivated, dependent, support-needing citizen. Although scholars often situate the emergence of the ideas of market citizenship and activation during the late 20th century period of welfare reform in Canada, this perspective negates the history of these ideas in social assistance policies. Informed by the theory of Critical Human Ecology and the methodology of Ideational Analysis, this thesis explores the development of the ideas of market citizenship and activation across institutional approaches to poor relief in Canada. By taking a long-term historical perspective, this thesis finds evidence of the ideas of market citizenship and activation as early as the 17th century in Canadian institutional approaches to poor relief, and counters the prevailing perspective that market citizenship and activation emerged in the late 20th century in Canadian institutional approaches to poor relief.

Local Food-Global Labour: Contradictions and Tensions Between Farmers and Migrant Farmworkers and Possibilities for Solidarity in Canada - Robbins, Martha Jane (Agriculture and Human Values, 2025)
The logic of the corporate food regime requires a system of labour based on migration. Free trade agreements have entrenched a drive for ever-expanding export agriculture and resulted in both a devastation of peasant agriculture, creating migrant workers, and an increased need for temporary labour on Canadian farms. Family farmers in Canada face labour challenges exacerbated by the current food regime and, for some, the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) is seen as an answer to those challenges. However, the SAWP is based on systemic exploitation of migrant workers. This paper seeks to assess the role of migrant labour in Canadian food systems and reveal the contradictions, tensions, and possibilities of farmers acting in solidarity with migrant farmworkers by exploring the formation and political direction of the National Farmers Union’s Migrant Worker Solidarity Working Group (MWSWG).
Keywords: Corporate food regime; Farm income crisis; Farmer to farmworker solidarity; Global labour; Local food; Migrant farmworkers; Moral economy; National Farmers Union – Canada

The Practice of Intolerance by the Alberta Social Credit Government and the Growth of Jewish Activism Between 1943 and 1968 - Rohfritsch, Jason (University of Ottawa, 2025)
The following thesis paper examines the continued presence of antisemitism in the ruling Alberta Social Credit Party (SCP) between 1943 and 1968, and Canadian Jewish organizational efforts to obtain anti-discrimination legislation. The Alberta Social Credit grassroots movement involved radical monetary policies, religious fundamentalism, conspiracy theories and antisemitic rhetoric. How did such an unorthodox party retain provincial control for thirty-six years despite the organization's persistent antisemitism? The question is significant to the ongoing narrative of Alberta politics amid a sharp rise in antisemitism within Canada today. The principal methodology includes qualitative research of primary sources from the SCP and Canadian Jewish archives and academic literature. Within this study period, the Canadian Jewish Congress (CJC) transitioned from an organization with little infrastructure to a leading institution with strong ties to other Canadian Jewish bodies, and labour and civil groups, struggling to enshrine protections for Canadian Jews. The results demonstrate that in the 1950s and early 1960s, as many Canadian provincial governments enacted equal rights legislation, Premier Ernest Manning's Social Credit government resisted such laws in Alberta. As a result, Jewish leaders escalated initiatives in Alberta. Throughout his leadership, Manning routinely denied accusations of antisemitism leveled against his party. Eventually, Manning and the Alberta SCP government were forced to establish human rights legislation in 1966, although the provisions were limited in scope. Manning curtailed Social Credit antisemitism when it became a political liability, but he did not comprehensively eliminate it. Through collaborative efforts, the CJC and other Canadian Jewish groups finally achieved legalized protections for the Jewish community in Alberta.

“Sooner or Later, You’ll Discover Kelvinator”: The Causes and Consequences of a Plant Closure in an Ontario City in the Late 1960s - Russell, Jason (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
The loss of manufacturing jobs is an ongoing challenge for organized labour in Canada and a trend that has been happening for several decades. The loss of full-time, unionized factory work in Canada is commonly thought to have started in the 1990s or 2000s, but the possibility of deindustrialization was already evident in the late 1960s. This article examines the closure of the Kelvinator of Canada plant in London, Ontario, in 1969. That closure illustrates the impact of industrial job loss on workers during a period when Canada’s economy was prosperous and its manufacturing sector was robust. This analysis also reveals how a branch plant opened and expanded in Canada, and why it closed. Appliance manufacturing has never been as prominent in discussions of industrial job loss as other sectors, like automotive, but the Kelvinator closure reveals, over 55 years after it happened, that losing the London plant had a lasting impact on workers and their community while serving as a harbinger of future deindustrialization.
Keywords: London; Ontario; United Auto Workers; appliance industry; branch plant; deindustrialization; employer paternalism; industrial unions; labour politics; wartime production

Food Insecurity In Canada: Gaining A Better Understanding Of Where And Why It Exists - Russo Spena, Anna (University of Guelph, 2025)
Food insecurity remains a challenge even in high-income countries. This study has two main goals: (i) to explore the factors driving differences in household food security between urban and rural areas; and (ii) to examine public perceptions regarding the existence, causes, and solutions to food insecurity. The first objective is addressed through a multinomial logit analysis of data from the CIS 2021. The second builds on Attribution Theory and involves a survey conducted with a representative Canadian sample, analyzed using factor analysis. Findings show that rural households would be 1.4% more likely to experience food insecurity than urban ones. The identified public antecedents include economic conditions, the food system and government, social support, and individual factors. The government is seen as primarily responsible for addressing the issue. Recommended policy measures include reducing food prices for low-income populations, improving access to affordable food shops, and supporting increased local food production.

Climat de diversité et leadership authentique : l’effet médiateur du stéréotype masculin du leader - Saint-Michel, Sarah; Petit, Valérie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
This article presents the results of a quantitative study conducted on 711 managers exploring the relationship between diversity climate and the expression of authentic leadership. Through a moderated mediation model, we highlight the role of the masculine stereotype of the high-performing leader. The results confirm the positive relationship between diversity climate and authentic leadership, and they also reveal that diversity climate contributes to the expression of authentic leadership by significantly reducing the masculine stereotype of the high-performing leader, particularly for male respondents. Our findings thus contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism by which diversity climate influences leadership behaviours, especially among leaders. Practically, they invite organizations wishing to develop the authentic leadership of their managers to focus DEI policy efforts not only on gender stereotypes but also on transforming leader stereotypes and leadership culture.
Keywords: authentic leadership; climat de diversité; diversity climate; gendered leadership; genre et leadership; leadership authentique; stereotypes; stéréotype masculin

Understanding the Long-Term Retention of Personal Support Workers in Canadian Home and Long-Term Care - Sanderson, Kathy; Hron, Ryan (Vulnerabilities in Paid Care Work: Transnational Experiences, Insights and Voices, 2025)
This chapter delves into the retention of long-tenured care workers in Canada. While turnover is a critical challenge for organisations dependent on care workers, profoundly affecting both recipients of care and their families, this chapter shifts focus to the factors that encourage retention. Through in-depth interviews with 15 long-term personal support workers in Ontario, Canada, the chapter uncovers a diverse array of motivations that sustain these workers in their roles. Additionally, it reveals the complex pressures and barriers that may compel care workers to remain in their positions even when they might otherwise consider leaving. This exploration provides valuable insights into the dynamics of retention in the care sector, shedding light on both the incentives and constraints that shape workers’ decisions to stay.

The Price of Gold: Mining, Pollution, and Resistance in Yellowknife - Sandlos, John; Keeling, Arn (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2025)
Fifty years of gold mining at Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories spurred northern settlement and produced millions of dollars in profits. But mineral processing also had catastrophic environmental effects and left a troubled legacy. When two mining companies in Yellowknife began processing gold ore in the 1940s, they did so with little or no pollution controls. Giant Mine spewed thousands of kilograms of arsenic trioxide from its roaster stack into the environment, causing illness and death among people and animals, especially in the adjacent Yellowknives Dene community. Even after the companies installed controls, arsenic trioxide continued to enter the atmosphere and waterways. Eventually Giant Mine, the biggest polluter, would deposit the arsenic dust beneath the mine, leaving 237,000 tonnes of highly toxic material buried underground. For decades, the mining companies and the federal government hid the worst effects of the pollution, doubted their own studies, and resisted calls for action. Yet the Yellowknives Dene fought back with the support of labour unions and environmental groups, questioning the safety of the air and water in their community and the massive toxic deposit underground. The Price of Gold traces the troubling history of one of Canada’s most contaminated sites but also the inspiring story of Indigenous, labour, and environmental activists who resisted the ongoing poisoning of their communities. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1502656834
Keywords: Arsenic trioxide Health aspects Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Dene Social conditions Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Environmental protection Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Environnement Protection Territoires du Nord-Ouest Yellowknife; Giant Mine (Yellowknife; N.W.T.); Gold mines and mining Environmental aspects Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Gold mines and mining Government policy Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Gold mines and mining Health aspects Northwest Territories Yellowknife; Or Mines et extraction Aspect de l'environnement Territoires du Nord-Ouest Yellowknife; Or Mines et extraction Politique gouvernementale Territoires du Nord-Ouest Yellowknife; Yellowknife (N.W.T.) Environmental conditions

Fight Like Hell: The Untold Story of American Labor - Sangster, Joan (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
The article reviews the book, "Fight Like Hell: The Untold Story of American Labor," by Kim Kelly.

Under the Hood: Detroit Three Bargaining and Intra-Union Tensions in Canada - Savage, Larry; Gray, Paul Christopher (Labor Studies Journal, 2025)
Despite achieving substantial contract gains, including significant wage increases, the 2023 pattern agreement reached between Unifor—Canada’s largest private sector union—and Detroit Three automakers was met with mixed reactions from union members, with particularly low support from skilled trades and more senior members. This study reveals how intra-union dynamics were shaped by shifting socioeconomic conditions, comparisons with the United Auto Workers, differences between production and skilled trades members, generational tensions, and leadership conflicts intertwined with strike dynamics. These factors influenced bargaining expectations and union strategy. The findings suggest that intra-union tensions weakened member solidarity and support for the historically strong pattern agreement, highlighting the complex interplay between external pressures and internal union dynamics in collective bargaining.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388515476_Under_the_Hood_Detroit_Three_Bargaining_and_Intra-Union_Tensions_in_Canada

Union Endorsements and the Voting Intentions of Union Members in Canada - Savage, Larry; Westlake, Daniel (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
This article explores the impact of union endorsements on the voting intentions of union members in Canada. Through a survey of union members, the study reveals that while union endorsements generally do not significantly influence voting behaviour, satisfaction with one’s union enhances the likelihood of supporting union-endorsed candidates in federal, provincial, and local elections. This correlation underscores that having strongly supported unions in the workplace helps to build strong unions in the political arena with improved capacity to deliver union members’ votes. The findings also provide a basis for further research on the potential electoral significance of union endorsements.
Keywords: Québec; elections; federal politics; labour politics; political parties; unions

Still Struggling: Racialized Workers in the Post-Pandemic Labour Market - Scott, Katherine (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2025)
The pandemic clearly illustrated the precarity that many racialized workers experience, disproportionately represented on the front lines, in jobs lacking the job protections, benefits or paid sick days. The recovery has proven to be equally challenging. One of the most notable changes in Canada’s labour market was the sharp reduction in low-waged service sector employment and the simultaneous increase in several higher-paying industries such as professional services and finance. The change in the industrial structure of employment in the context of a very tight labour market helped to narrow the employment gap between racialized and white workers between 2019 and 2022. At the same time, other racialized workers were caught on the wrong side of the recession. This report provides a detailed examination of the fallout of the pandemic and its recovery focusing in on the experiences of racialized workers in the key age group 25 to 54 years, drawing on custom data from Statistics Canada on employment, wages and industrial sector. –Introduction

Return to Work After Injuries: Legal Challenges for Seafarers in Canada - Shan, Desai; Medley, Alex; Neis, Barbara; Small, Contessa (New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 2025)
Return to work (RTW) after injury requires strong stakeholder coordination. Seafaring work is associated with high injury rates, but seafarers’ RTW is understudied. As federally regulated workers, Canadian seafarers are protected by the Canadian Human Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination based on disability. Following a work-related injury or illness, seafarers are eligible for provincial workers’ compensation benefits and RTW; however, RTW is also subject to federal regulations, including the requirement to have a valid marine medical certificate (MMC). This complex regulatory landscape may negatively influence seafarer RTW. Drawing upon a sociolegal study, we find that MMC-related human rights complaints against the federal government highlight the legal challenges seafarers face in the RTW process. Interview findings suggest that to ensure a valid MMC and employment eligibility, injured seafarers might avoid filing compensation claims or RTW before recovery. We recommend the federal-provincial agencies adopt more efficient coordination policies to support seafarers’ RTW.

The New Politics of Western Canada: Contested Histories, Uncertain Futures - Smith, Charles W.; McIntosh, Thomas A. (UBC Press, 2025)
The Canadian West: an economic engine with a history of grievance against federal power emanating from the east. The New Politics of Western Canada grapples with the West’s complex, multifaceted past to promote a better understanding of this vast region’s political realities and the challenges that lie ahead. Contributors re-examine the historical and contemporary meanings attached to “the West” as a form of identity, through themes such as colonialism, gender, and class. They develop a nuanced analysis of Western political ideology, from resentment-based populism to the regional left. And they explore pressing Western economic and policy concerns, such as labour, health care, and Indigenous democratic participation and protest. Together, these themes provide intelligent new ways of interpreting underexplored aspects of Western Canadian politics, adding depth to earlier attempts to explain the region as a political, economic, or sociological space. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1523057766
Keywords: Canada; Western Politics and government

Sibling Relationships and Developmental Disability Services: From Coerced Care to Entitlement - Spagnuolo, Natalie; Boulanger, Josée; Ries, Helen (Disability Studies Quarterly, 2025)
This article critically assesses the systems that structure unpaid care work for people with intellectual disabilities, with a focus on the role of siblings. We provide a preliminary analysis of this current trend in unpaid care work in the province of Ontario, Canada, addressing practices that are a) built upon a devaluation of people with intellectual disabilities, and that b) deny them choice in who provides them care. We combine existing evidence with relevant survey data to assess the risks associated with what we characterize as coercive care, as well as the many tensions that arise between self-advocacy and family-led advocacy initiatives. We interrogate the assumption that the role of siblings, and women in particular, is to take over unpaid care roles from parents. We also suggest how the current socioeconomic context of many individuals and families can limit opportunities for adopting potential solutions and propose practical avenues for future research. Throughout our analysis, we centre questions of agency and self-direction, pointing to the clash of values and inequitable outcomes that makes dominant support arrangements untenable. We conclude by drawing an ideal scenario of the publicly funded supports and services to which people with intellectual disabilities should be entitled and outline the many implications attached to this proposed model.
Keywords: Care economy; ethics of care; gender and labour; intellectual disability; sibling relationships

Understanding Temporary Labour Migration through a Settler Colonial Lens: A Critical Analysis of Canada’s Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program and International Education Strategy - Spring, Cynthia; Toomey, Nisha; Noack, Andrea; Vosko, Leah F. (Studies in Social Justice, 2025)
The relationship between differential inclusion of workers migrating for employment internationally and the dispossession and assimilation of Indigenous people and lands is a growing area of study within critical migration studies. Less attention has been paid, however, to how (im)migration policies that foster migrant worker precariousness also extend settler colonial practices. Scholars situated in the transdisciplinary fields of Black Studies and Indigenous Studies have long theorized nation-state building as exclusionary to Black and Indigenous life, and reliant on limited mobilities and dispossession of Black and Indigenous peoples. Bridging this scholarship with critical migration studies, in this article we explore how policies regulating international migration for employment to Canada on temporary bases reflect and sustain the settler-colonial context in which they operate. We outline three logics of settler colonialism that underpin policies governing temporary migration for employment to Canada: (1) the racialized hierarchization of life and knowledge; (2) the reliance on technologies of governing, which foster unequal administrative burdens; and (3) the disruption of people’s relationships to land and livelihoods. Analyzing Canada’s Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program and International Education Strategy, we illustrate how migration policies reinforce and replicate settler colonial practices.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/394652818_Understanding_Temporary_Labour_Migration_through_a_Settler_Colonial_Lens_A_Critical_Analysis_of_Canada's_Seasonal_Agricultural_Worker_Program_and_International_Education_Strategy
Keywords: Black Studies; Indigenous Studies; international students; settler colonialism; temporary labour migration

Young and Female: International Perspectives on the Future of Farming - Srinivasan, Sharada; Pan, Lu; Ambarwati, Aprilia (Practical Action Publishing, 2025)
Women’s roles in sustaining and the revival of farming are indispensable. Based on research in Canada, China, India and Indonesia, the book offers a global perspective on young women’s pathways into farming. It responds directly to concerns about the generational sustainability of smallholder farming worldwide. Despite their crucial contribution to the reproduction of farming and its belated recognition in policy discourse, women farmers continue to face constraints in access to agrarian resources and services, and recognition as farmers in their own right. –Publisher's description
/https://www.akatiga.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Young-and-Female_International-Perspectives-on-the-Future-of-Farming.pdf

Alberta’s Union Advantage: Wages, Equity, and the Power of Collective Bargaining - Stevens, Andrew; Poirier, Angèle (University of Alberta, Parkland Institute, 2025)
As the province goes to extremes to bury Alberta’s labour movement, a new analysis shows the “union advantage” is very much alive, delivering tangible gains that go beyond higher wages to reverse inequalities and protect vulnerable workers.

A Labour of Love: In Pursuit of Just Causes - Stewart, Herman (Independently published, 2025)
From a small rural village in Jamaica to the negotiating tables of Canada’s labour movement, A Labour of Love traces the extraordinary journey of Herman Stewart, a community builder, labour activist, and relentless advocate for justice.This deeply personal memoir captures the heart of a man who arrived in Canada with modest beginnings and rose to become a respected leader in the Jamaican Canadian community and the broader labour movement. Through vivid storytelling, Stewart recounts his early life in Jamaica, the cultural challenges of immigration, and his unyielding commitment to workers’ rights and social justice.With wisdom, humour, and humility, Stewart sheds light on the struggles and triumphs of a generation that paved the way for change in Canadian society. His story is not only a tribute to activism and perseverance but also a call to action for future generations to carry forward the fight for equity and inclusion.This is more than a memoir; it’s a legacy of purpose, courage, and hope. –Publisher's description

Anglophonic Labour Geography - Strauss, Kendra (Handbook of Labour Geography, 2025)
This chapter explores the development of Anglophonic Labour Geography, both as a distinct and identifiable subfield of Anglophonic Human Geography and as an intellectual and political project concerned with how workers actively shape the spatial dynamics of capitalism. I examine how capital-L ‘Labour Geography’ and diverse, small-L labour geographies have evolved to address the issues raised and challenges posed over the last decade, contributing to what Peck (2018, p. 475) called Labour Geography's current ‘more reflective and autocritical phase’. Through narrating my experiences of teaching undergraduates since I developed my first labour geographies course in 2014, I pose two questions of this current phase: in what ways is it expansive, and, relatedly, who sees themselves as ‘labour geographers’?

The Unfulfilled Promise of Confédération des Syndicats Nationaux: A Case Study on the Reconciliation of Equality and Freedom of Association - Talarico, Andrea (Dalhousie Law Journal, 2025)
The evolution of the protection of collective bargaining rights in Canada has been marked by a tension between freedom of association (section 2(d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, “the Charter”) and equality (section 15(1) of the Charter). In most cases before the Supreme Court of Canada (“the SCC”), the SCC has examined both rights separately. More recently, the SCC has treated equality as a value (rather than a right), using the value of equality to inform its interpretation of freedom of association. Both these approaches (the “Siloed Approach” and the “Charter Values” approach) fail to fully examine how equality and freedom of association exist bidirectionally. This article uses a 2008 case from the Quebec Superior Court as a case study of how equality can inform our understanding of association and how association can remedy inequality.

Les travailleurs migrants temporaires du secteur de l'entretien ménager dans la région de Québec : Entre précarité, mobilité et agentivité - Tapia, Janelvi Caroline (Université Laval, 2025)
Le contexte de pénurie de main-d'œuvre au Québec lors des dernières années a entraîné une augmentation du recrutement de travailleurs migrants temporaires dans différents secteurs d'emploi. Ces travailleurs sont souvent engagés par des agences de recrutement à l'international ou des agences de placement, particulièrement dans des secteurs considérés précaires et « essentiels ». Hors du secteur de l'entretien ménager, la littérature a montré que les agences façonnent le lien d'emploi des travailleurs avec leur employeur, créant ainsi une main-d'œuvre « flexible », conçue pour répondre aux besoins ponctuels et temporaires des entreprises (Belzile, 2018; Mercure, 2014). Ce mémoire s'intéresse aux travailleurs migrants temporaires du secteur de l'entretien ménager, recrutés par une agence de recrutement à l'international, principalement en hôtellerie, dans la région de Québec. Ce secteur présente une forte variabilité saisonnière des conditions de travail et, par le fait même, est fortement touché par la pénurie de main-d'œuvre puisque de nombreux employés revendiquent précisément cela; de meilleures conditions de travail (Guilbault, 2024). Cette dynamique est particulièrement marquée dans la région de Québec où la nécessité d'embaucher de la main-d'œuvre à l'international est devenue de plus en plus cruciale pour le secteur de l'entretien ménager. Cette étude s'inscrit dans un projet plus large financé par le Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines (CRSH); le projet PARtenariat sur les migrants Temporaires en EMPloi (PARTEMP), qui vise à produire des connaissances sur les travailleurs migrants temporaires dans la région de Québec (Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les dynamiques migratoires mondiales, 2021). L'objectif principal de ce mémoire est de comprendre les expériences et les conditions de travail de ces travailleurs au sein d'un secteur peu exploré dans la littérature en contexte québécois. Les concepts de précarité, de mobilité et d'agentivité sont mobilisés pour appréhender l'expérience des travailleurs migrants temporaires. 14 entretiens semi-dirigés avec des travailleurs de nationalités différentes, majoritairement des latinoaméricains et des femmes, ont été réalisés entre mai et août 2023. L'analyse révèle plusieurs formes de précarité par le croisement de la relation d'emploi, le statut migratoire, le manque d'accès à l'information et la barrière de la langue. La flexibilité, une exigence structurelle du secteur d'emploi, et la mobilité sont des facteurs de précarisation. Le secteur exige des déplacements fréquents verticaux sur le lieu de travail, d'un étage à l'autre, et horizontaux sur le territoire. Cependant, ces travailleurs se montrent créatifs et « résilients », faisant preuve d'agentivité individuelle et collective dans le but d'améliorer leurs conditions de travail et de vie dans la région de Québec.

Unveiling the Interactions between Individual, Entrepreneurial and Organizational Resilience of Entrepreneurs with Disabilities - Tessier Dargent, Christel; Billion, Julien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
In this article, we aim to shed light on the multiple levels of resilience, i.e., the ability to withstand or bounce back from difficulties individually and collectively, and how these levels interact in the case of entrepreneurs with disabilities. The aim is to determine the patterns and processes in the complex dynamics between the three levels of resilience—individual, entrepreneurial and organizational—which the literature describes as important, but without clearly elucidating how they interrelate. This question is crucial: resilience appears to be an essential capability for individuals and organizations alike in an unprecedentedly complex, challenging and uncertain environment. We interviewed twenty entrepreneurs with disabilities in France and found that individual resilience translates into entrepreneurial resilience, which in turn strengthens organizational resilience, via identified characteristics, e.g., anticipation, adaptation and empathy. Entrepreneurial resilience may also feed back into individual resilience, thereby strengthening control, self-efficacy and identity. Capabilities for resilience can be assisted at each level by resilience tutors through emotional, financial or professional support. Because people with disabilities have to develop significant individual resilience capabilities, they may become resilient entrepreneurs who foster resilience and inclusion in their organizations.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial resilience; Entrepreneurs en situation de handicap; Entrepreneurs with disabilities; Individual resilience; Organizational resilience; Résilience entrepreneuriale; Résilience individuelle; Résilience organisationnelle

Deconstructing Human Capital Theory: The Silenced Narratives of Immigrant Women of Colour - Thananayagam, Shanmugapriya Thanuja (University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 2025)
This study critically examines the limitations and inadequacies of Human Capital Theory (HCT) in addressing the employment realities of immigrant women of colour in Canada. Rooted in neoliberal ideology and neoclassical economics, HCT assumes that individual investments in education and skills directly lead to economic success. However, this framework fails to account for systemic barriers, structural racism, and gendered discrimination that disproportionately disadvantage equity-deserving communities. Applying Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of social capital and habitus alongside critical race theory (CRT), this research interrogates HCT to examine how race- and gender-based exclusions, social networks, cultural norms, and institutionalized biases shape career trajectories. While intersectionality is not the central focus, the study integrates an intersectional analysis to highlight the compounded disadvantages faced by immigrant women of colour in the labour market. Employing Indigenous storytelling methodologies and narrative inquiry, this research foregrounds the lived experiences of immigrant women of colour to challenge the assumptions of HCT. By conducting a comprehensive literature review and examining CRT, the study further interrogates how race, power, and systemic exclusion intersect with economic mobility. Despite its widespread acceptance, HCT remains insufficient in explaining the persistent employment gaps and labour market marginalization of immigrant women of colour. This study argues that access to social capital is a critical determinant of career success, often privileging dominant groups while excluding racialized immigrants. The interplay between HCT and social capital theory creates compounded barriers, reinforcing systemic inequalities and limiting career advancement for marginalized populations. As Bourdieu’s work does not explicitly address racial disparities, this study integrates CRT to demonstrate how race fundamentally influences labour market outcomes. By bridging these theoretical perspectives, the research challenges dominant economic narratives and calls for policy reforms that recognize and dismantle structural barriers to economic equity for immigrant women of colour.

Heat Stress in the World of Work: Canadian Collective Bargaining and Environmental Governance - Thorburn, Michael H. F. (Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental, 2025)
As climate change accelerates, extreme heat is becoming a critical occupational hazard across Canada. Yet worker protections remain fragmented, reactive, and highly uneven across sectors and provinces. This article offers a socio-legal analysis of how heat stress is governed through regulation, collective bargaining, and emerging private governance mechanisms. Drawing on a review of federal and provincial occupational health and safety statutes, a content analysis of over 50,000 collective bargaining agreements, and an assessment of ESG disclosures, Global Framework Agreements, and Worker-Driven Social Responsibility models, the study maps Canada’s evolving approach to heat protection. It finds that CBA coverage remains minimal and concentrated in a small number of unionized manufacturing settings, particularly in Ontario. While Ontario demonstrates the potential for a more coordinated model—especially if proposed legislation complements negotiated protections—the province’s current framework remains limited in scope and sectoral reach. The article argues that effective heat governance will require hybrid coordination across statutory, contractual, and voluntary domains, supported by technology, institutional linkages, and adaptive worker voice. It concludes by outlining an integrated framework for climate-era labour protection grounded in enforceable rights, dynamic bargaining, and transparent corporate accountability.

Workers of War and Empire from New France to British America, 1688–1783 - Tomczak, Richard H. (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2025)
Throughout the eighteenth century, the French and British empires mobilized thousands of labourers in Canada through a system of mandatory labour known as “corvée.” This social arrangement was rooted in the feudal obligations of French peasants to landowners. Under the French regime, corvée was a custom, an obligation, and a form of obedience, a “local affair” embedded in an agricultural way of life that retainined a sense of reciprocity with mechanisms to discourage exploitation. However, with the British conquest of Quebec in 1763, and, later, the American Revolution, the corvée system assumed new dimensions. The British recognized the need for labour power in an underpopulated region and coopted the corvée customs for their own imperial ends. Though British officials retained some French statutes, they enacted new laws mobilizing the male inhabitants of New France to work in state enterprises (such as iron mining and logging), with Labourers holding little to no input into how the colonial state viewed their well-being. Leaning heavily on corvée as a form of conscription, the British army’s surging demand for workers in Quebec precipitated wide-spread protests. This crisis forced the royally appointed governor Frederick Haldimand to ratify a new provincial code regulating the use of corvée. Workers of War and Empire from New France to British America, 1688-1783 chronicles the transformation of the corvée system over a century, positioning French Canadian workers at the center of the narrative. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1439102084
Keywords: Corvée Canada Histoire 17e siècle; Corvée Canada Histoire 18e siècle; Corvée Canada History 17th century; Corvée Canada History 18th century; French-Canadians History 17th century; French-Canadians History 18th century; Labor Canada History 17th century; Labor Canada History 18th century; Travail Canada Histoire 17e siècle; Travail Canada Histoire 18e siècle

Asian Canada Is Burning: Theories, Methods, Pedagogies, and Praxes - Torres, Rose Ann; Liujia Tian, Ian; Chau, Coly (Brill, 2025)
This book is an invitation to trouble the mobilization of “anti-Asian hate” in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic. Bringing together activists, organizers, academic, and artists, this book explores the historical and contemporary conditions that make theorizing “Asian Canadian” feasible. Grounded in a transnational queer and feminist lens, this book also aims to envision possible futures and solidarities. Ultimately, this collection is concerned with moments and places of tensions, confrontations, relations, and solidarity. We offer stories of insurgent encounters as people who identify as “Asian” navigate and implicate settler colonial nation-state to make new dreams, histories and intimacies. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1466951245
Keywords: Asians Canada Social conditions; Asians Race identity Canada; Canada Conditions sociales; Canada Race relations; Canada Social conditions; Communautés de minorités sexuelles Canada; Group identity Canada; Identité collective Canada; Racism Canada; Racisme Canada; Sexual minority community Canada

Food Warriors: App-Based Delivery on Electric Micromobilities - Travers; Park, Kevin; Hall, Peter; Scott, Nicholas; Kwan, Grace (Mobilities, 2025)
Electric micromobilities (EMMs), including electric bikes, standup kick-style electric scooters, and electric unicycles are highly efficient and low impact modes for urban food delivery. However, the mobility they and their associated algorithmic platforms afford is implicated in a set of work practices and relations that reinforce precarious employment outcomes. Our interviews, observational and autoethnographic research in Vancouver, Canada, revealed that food delivery platforms promise flexibility and high earnings while motivating workers to toil for variable and low wages and engage in high-risk behaviour. We focused on food delivery workers using EMMs because barriers to accessing an EMM are lower than for a car, while affording greater mobility on congested city streets, incurring no parking fees, and delivering zero emission operation. However, ostensibly low financial barriers to entry mask the requirement for considerable knowledge of, and navigational skills within, the physical and virtual environments that workers must master to resist the control exercised by platforms (apps) in an intensely competitive playing field. App-based food delivery using EMMs implicates workers in a game that requires upfront investment, skill and the navigation of risk. It is a stacked game, in which mostly the house wins.

Blue Collar Empire: The Untold Story of US Labor’s Global Anticommunist Crusade - Trolio, Gerard Di (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
The article reviews the book, "Blue Collar Empire: The Untold Story of US Labor’s Global Anticommunist Crusade," by Jeff Schuhrke.

Labour Against the Law? Contesting the Restrictive Norms of Industrial Legality through Unlawful Strikes - Tucker, Eric (Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 2025)
North American regimes of industrial legality provide workers with protected rights to organize, bargain collectively and strike. However, they also limit the freedom to strike. Trade unions commonly accept and enforce these limits, but at great cost to solidarity and militancy. This article examines the many ways law works against labour by restricting the freedom to strike and explores the practice of unlawful strikes in North America, including recent examples that resulted in successful outcomes. It concludes with reflections on the revival of unlawful strikes as a tactic forrebuilding and remobilizing the North American labour movement. While the article’s focus is North America, the discussion of unlawful strikes may also be relevant in other countries that limit the freedom to strike.

The Limits of Just Transition to a Green and Caring Economy - Tufts, Steven (Handbook of Labour Geography, 2025)
‘Just transition’ to a green economy has been touted for its perceived ability to shift us towards both green capitalism and an eco-socialist future. The promise of a ‘Green New Deal’, as popularised by progressive politicians, was reinforced at the start of the global COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Links were quickly made to the importance of reorientating economic production towards health and well-being and the implementation of green investment as a means of stimulating the economy and avoiding a depression – as well as saving the planet. This chapter explores the limits of just transition to a ‘greener’ and more ‘caring’ economy and the persistent challenges that reproduce fragmented labour. A call is made to de-commodify labour as a more transformative response to the current environmental and health crisis.

Homes and Hands United: Bridging Housing and Labour Struggles at McMaster University - Ugalde, Elliot Goodell (Radical Housing Journal, 2025)
This paper examines the strategic alliance between the Tenant Solidarity Working Group (TSWG)—a graduate-student tenant union—and CUPE Local 3906, representing Teaching Assistants (TAs) and Research Assistants (RAs) at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. Situated within Hamilton’s ongoing economic shift from manufacturing, specifically steel production, toward increased real estate speculation, financialization, and intellectual labour, this study investigates whether tenant-labour collaborations provide an effective model for addressing systemic socio-economic inequalities in student housing. Utilizing Nancy Fraser’s analytical triad of recognition, redistribution, and representation, the research evaluates the potential and limitations of this collaboration in achieving tangible socio-economic justice outcomes for graduate tenants. Through the lens of Fraser’s framework, the study identifies how tenant and labour activists mobilize recognition by contesting normative stigmatization of graduate renters; pursue redistribution through collective action that has yielded financial concessions such as rent reductions; and seek representation by demanding political inclusion within university administrative structures and broader public discourse. The analysis underscores that, despite Hamilton’s persistent identity as a major steel producer, the city’s gradual pivot toward real estate investment and intellectual labour exemplifies David Harvey’s concept of a “spatial fix,” redirecting surplus capital and labour into the university sector, thus complicating the intersection of housing affordability and labour precarity.

Resource Rhetoric in Three Canadian Novels, 1919-1945 - Uher, Valerie (University of Waterloo, 2025)
In this dissertation, I propose the term resource rhetoric to describe the cultural logic that renders extractivism an interminable part of Canadian identity. As Canada solidified its settler-colonial expansion in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, there was an attendant formalization of infrastructures promoting the extractivist ambitions of the state. Within those infrastructures a resource discourse—of natural resources and human resource management—was born. In Resource Rhetoric in Three Canadian Novels, 1919-1945, I examine three novels that articulate a cultural dimension to Canada’s broad attempt to adapt workers to a confluence of precarious working conditions in the first half of the twentieth century. I analyze the downplaying of class formation in these novels and link it to their use of resource rhetoric—tropes and figures that assert the primacy of the extractivist state over and against the primacy of the working-class collective. My thesis develops by first establishing the 1919-1945 period as one marked by an unease about whether workers could truly become the “human resources” Canada’s extractivist economy needed. I explore how this uncertainty is manifested in Douglas Durkin’s 1923 novel The Magpie, an economic novel set during the 1919 Winnipeg General Strike. I then demonstrate that during the interwar period, a worker’s success in embodying the ideal Canadian “human resource” identity was measured against a racial hierarchy emerging from eugenic ideology. In my analysis of Irene Baird’s 1938 novel Waste Heritage, I consider how the “rank and sort” logic of eugenics is used to calibrate moral rectitude in the novel’s portrayal of labour strife among Canada’s Depression-era unemployed. In the second part of my thesis, I consider how human resource discourse expanded to include social reproductive labour in the period just prior to the establishment of Canada’s welfare state. I argue that Gabrielle Roy’s 1945 novel The Tin Flute makes the home a terrain for potential class struggle against the exploitation of women’s work, while at the same time positioning this work as vital for the Canadian state to function. The rhetorical framing of workers in these novels consistently emphasizes their lack of agency and cooperation; foregrounds their interchangeability, and stresses workers’ inability to overcome their circumstances because of these factors. They articulate a deep-seated clash between the imperative that workers act as assets to Canada’s resource state, and the imperative that they might improve their lives through class formation and solidarity. While these novels are generally aligned with the resource discourse of the era, they demonstrate one fundamental failure of extractivist ideologies and resource logic: a person can never truly be a “dematerialized asset,” or a “universal Canadian worker subject.” My main claim in this thesis is that these novels show that to be a human resource is an unattainable goal.

“Red Haggis”: A Depression-Era Comic Strip in the Young Worker - Vance, Michael E. (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
Introduces and reprints the "Red Haggis" comic strip that ran in 1934 in the Young Worker, the weekly publication of the Young Communist League of Canada. The strip's hero, Red Haggis, is depicted as a pugnacious amalgam of Popeye and "the hard man" of the Scottish working-class tradition. The artist - signed as "Crawford" in the strip - has not been definitively identified.
Keywords: Communists; Depression; Scots; comics; popular culture; “hard man”

Migrant Work by Another Name: Differential Inclusion and Precarity in Canada’s International Mobility Program - Vosko, Leah F. (University of Toronto Press, 2025)
Migrant Work by Another Name explores the complexities of Canada's evolving international migration and employment policy landscape. It critically examines the shift towards “mobility” programs under the recently inaugurated International Mobility Program (IMP). This shift occurs alongside the contraction of certain streams within Canada’s long-standing Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP). The book investigates the implications of policy changes, influenced at once by public outcry over migrant worker exploitation and persistent demands for labour in the face of qualitative labour shortages in high-income countries like Canada. Grounded in a decolonial feminist political economy approach, Leah F. Vosko employs a mixed methods analysis to contrast the narrative of “mobility” with the persistent realities of precarity among transnational workers. The book features in-depth case studies of the three largest IMP subprograms – Working Holiday, Post-Graduation, and Spousal Work Permit programs – revealing how these initiatives, despite being touted as promoting mobility, provide for temporary migrant work by another name and perpetuate distinct forms of precarity. This critical perspective challenges the notion of progress in contemporary migration policies, shedding light on the ongoing challenges faced by transnational workers in Canada. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1482258960
Keywords: Foreign workers Employment Government policy Canada Evaluation; International Mobility Program (Canada) Evaluation; Labor mobility Government policy Canada Evaluation; Main-d'œuvre Mobilité Politique gouvernementale Canada Évaluation

Dominique Méda, Une société désirable. Comment prendre soin du monde, Paris, Flammarion/France Culture, 2025, 268 p. - Vultur, Mircea (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
An article from Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, on Érudit.

Dependent Contractors and the Ontario Labour Relations Board: Understanding the Board's Role in a Capitalist Economy - Walchuk, Bradley Peter (York University, 2025)
This dissertation explores the evolution and politics behind the concept of the ‘dependent contractor’ in Ontario, from its earliest incarnations in the late 1970s to its current usage in the gig economy, as interpreted and applied by the Ontario Labour Relations Board (OLRB). It examines how the Board’s interpretation and application of dependent contractor provisions has impacted workers whose employment status falls somewhere between traditional notions of independent contractor and employee, i.e. the ‘grey area’ as the Board has referred to it, over a period of changing employment relationships and of increasingly precarious work. The research tracks these changes over time, examining how previous OLRB jurisprudence on dependent contractors can be seen to impact its decisions in more contemporary contexts (e.g Foodora, 2020) and what this might tell us about the Board’s understanding of employment relations in a changing capitalist economy. The analysis seeks to place the actions of the OLRB into a broader social context to assess what factors have influenced the Board’s decisions and gauge how it understands both its potential to address employment inequities and the limits it faces in doing so within a capitalist economy. This dissertation argues that the OLRB operated with an implicit industrial pluralist understanding of labour-capital relations and made decisions informed by that approach and, in doing so, lacked an appreciation of how capitalist workplaces were changing over time in a way that evaded control via that understanding. It further argues that while bodies such as the OLRB have some autonomy from capitalists and the capitalist state, they are unable to, nor are they designed to, overcome or dramatically alter the power imbalances that exist in capitalist civil society.

The Labour Vote Revisited: Impacts of Union Type and Demographics on Electoral Behaviour in Canadian Federal Politics - Westlake, Daniel; Savage, Larry; Butovsky, Jonah (Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique, 2025)
Are shifting party-union relationships impacting the vote intentions of union members in Canada? By analyzing voting intentions within the Canadian labour movement, the findings illuminate the complexity of union members’ electoral behaviour and the strategic opportunities for parties vying for their votes. The authors find that while union members continue to be more likely than the average voter to support the NDP, this support is nuanced by factors such as union type, gender, education, age, and income. Notably, the study finds that the Conservatives have made significant inroads among construction union members and those with college education, challenging traditional assumptions about Canadian labour politics.
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/E09057B8BD61647971B3EBDB25093FE1/S0008423925100449a.pdf/the-labour-vote-revisited-impacts-of-union-type-and-demographics-on-electoral-behaviour-in-canadian-federal-politics.pdf
Keywords: Canadian politics; elections; labour; partis politiques; political parties; politique canadienne; syndicats; travail; unions; élections

Le droit au travail : rhétorique et réalité pour les personnes réfugiées au Canada - Wilkinson, Lori; Ogoe, Sally (La migration forcée au Canada, 2025)
Les migrations forcées ont façonné la création du Canada en tant qu'État colonisateur et de peuplement. Elles constituent une caractéristique déterminante de nos réalités nationales et mondiales contemporaines. De nombreuses personnes au Canada ont une expérience directe ou indirecte de la réinstallation et de la protection des réfugiés, de la traite des personnes et des déplacements causés par le changement climatique. La migration forcée au Canada est une ressource d'envergure dans le domaine en plein essor des études sur les migrations. L'ouvrage s'appuie sur des perspectives disciplinaires multiples. Des auteures et auteurs issues des mondes de la recherche, de la pratique et des savoirs autochtones mettent en lumière les expériences vécues de déplacement et les politiques migratoires à tous les paliers – municipal, provincial, territorial et fédéral – avec une attention particulière portée à l'expérience québécoise et aux minorités francophones du Canada. Depuis les premiers déplacements d'Autochtones et le colonialisme de peuplement, en passant par l'esclavage des Noirs jusqu'à l'apatridie, la traite des personnes et la migration climatique, les chapitres montrent comment la migration humaine est façonnée par des identités et des structures qui se recoupent. Les discussions sur le handicap, la race, la classe, l'âge social et l'identité de genre sont particulièrement novatrices. Situant le Canada dans le cadre de tendances, de normes et de structures internationales plus larges – à la fois passées et présentes – La migration forcée au Canada fournit des outils incontournables pour évaluer les informations émanant des journalistes, des représentants du gouvernement, des collègues et d'organisations non gouvernementales. L'ouvrage propose également de nouvelles pistes d'enquête, de discussion, de recherche et d'action. – Résumé de l'éditeur
OCLC: 1520800399
Keywords: Canada Emigration and immigration; Canada Émigration et immigration; Forced migration Canada; Migration forcée Canada; Refugees Canada; Réfugiés Canada

Working Class Politics in the Age of Dealignment - Wilson, Fred (Canadian Dimension, 2025)
Working class politics in Canada is at a disturbing junction. There has been a shift in voting patterns, sometimes referred to as “dealignment,” in which working class voters have moved away from traditional class-based loyalties towards right-wing populist parties and movements. In the recent US election, an estimated 56 percent of working class voters cast their ballot for Trump. In Canada, through most of 2023 and 2024, a significant plurality of working class voters indicated their preference for the Conservative Party under the leadership of Pierre Poilievre. There are multiple theses competing for narrative leadership to explain dealignment and surging working class support for right-wing populism: geopolitical and environmental crises that put tens of millions of people in motion as migrants pour across borders; a rise of individualism and rebellion that took root in the trauma of the COVID crisis; an inflation and affordability crisis after the COVID recession; a cultural backlash to identity politics and advances for women, especially among young men; disinformation and social media; a growing political divide between those with and without post-secondary education, and; the failures of social democratic and liberal parties that associated themselves with neoliberal globalization and abandoned the working class. But there is another less discussed yet important factor in the drift of working class voters away from traditional values and politics—the problematic role and capacity of trade unions and the labour movement to influence working class political outlooks and choices....

Pouvoir de négociation syndical et stratégies patronales : illustration à travers la pénurie de main-d’œuvre au Québec - Wilson, Jordan; Laroche, Mélanie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
The article suggests possible explanations for the variation in the effects of labour shortages on union bargaining power. To this end, a new conceptual model centred on the effectiveness of power is proposed, which lies at the intersection between ‘power to’ and ‘power over’: it therefore combines both the unions' ability to construct collective strategies and use their resources (power to) and their ability to exert a decisive influence on the other party to generate results that are beneficial to them (power over). In an attempt to avoid the determinism often associated with ‘power over’, this model proposes the integration of elements specific to the negotiation process, thus recognising the importance of actors' strategies. By means of interviews with experienced union negotiators, this article demonstrates that the same phenomenon, in this case the labour shortage, produces differentiated effects depending on the subjects of negotiation and the strategies deployed by the players, by affecting both the quality of the strategic leverages, the challenges posed to the unions' organizational capacity and the nature and strength of the employer resistance in negotiation. Furthermore, this theoretical model facilitates an enhanced dialogue between literature focusing on the unions' agentivity and that focused on negotiation strategies and processes, while providing an analytical framework for labor relations practitioners to understand the effects of environmental changes on their bargaining power.
Keywords: Pénurie de main-d’oeuvre; pouvoir de négociation; syndicat

Labouring and Living in and Beyond Canada: An Unlikely Archive of Chinese Arrivant and Immigrant Women Writing - Wong, Angie (On Settler Colonialism in Canada: Lands and Peoples, 2025)
An unflinching examination of the impacts of settler colonialism from first contact to the contemporary nation state. On Settler Colonialism in Canada: Lands and Peoples is the first installment in a comprehensive collection investigating settler colonialism as a state mandate, a structuring logic of institutions, and an alibi for violence and death. The book examines how settler identities are fashioned in opposition to nature and how eras of settler colonialism have come to be defined. Scholars and thinkers explore how settlers understood themselves as servants of empire, how settler identities came to be predicated on racialization and white supremacy, and more recently, how they have been constructed in relation to multiculturalism. Featuring perspectives from Indigenous, Black, mixed-race, and other racialized, queer, and white European-descended thinkers from across a range of disciplines, On Settler Colonialism in Canada: Lands and Peoples addresses the fundamental truths of this country. Essays engage contemporary questions on the legacy of displacement that settler colonialism has wrought for Indigenous people and racialized settlers caught up in the global implications of empire. Asserting that reconciliation is a shared endeavor, the collection’s final section exposes the myth at the heart of Canada’s constitutional legitimacy and describes the importance of affirming Indigenous rights, protecting Indigenous people (especially women) from systemic violence, and holding the Canadian settler nation state—which has benefited from the creation and maintenance of genocidal institutions for generations—accountable. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1501349294
Keywords: Canada Ethnic relations; Canada Race relations; Colonialisme de peuplement Canada; Electronic books; Settler colonialism Canada

Empowered Margins: Women, Work, and Justice in Educational Labor - Woodford, Erin (Antioch University, 2025)
This dissertation examines economic justice and employment precarity faced by educators in both K-12 and post-secondary education systems. While literature explores themes of changing demographics in union membership, collective bargaining, labor activism, and gendered and intersectional inequities in academia, and women in leadership in unions, a critical gap of disabled women’s voices and solutions to the inequities remains. This study highlights how job insecurity, unequal pay, hiring biases, limited recognition of prior learning, and inadequate institutional support exacerbates mental health challenges, professional invisibility, and economic instability. In the K-12 unionized system, systemic barriers such include disregard for substitute teaching as a viable career and challenges for experienced teachers to get hired over cheaper, inexperienced teachers. In post-secondary education, shifting immigration policies, funding cuts, and undervaluation of non-traditional scholarship deepen instability. This research advances equity-focused strategies. By integrating lived experience with structural and systemic critique, the study calls for reforms that prioritize stability, recognition, and inclusive pathways for all educators navigating precarious employment and economic justice. The study contributes to broader conversations on improving women’s engagement and addressing the inequalities inherent in current labor systems.

What Comes Around, Goes Around: Effects of Unethical Pro-Organizational Behaviour on Time Theft - Wu, Zhennan; Deng, Jianwei; Yu, Qianqian; Deng, Wenhao; Gao, Yongchuang; Guo, Yuangeng (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
In recent decades, China's rapid economic expansion has been accompanied by a rise in corporate ethical scandals, which have drawn increasing attention to unethical pro-organizational behaviour (UPB)—actions intended to benefit the organization but violating ethical norms. While often justified by employees as organizationally beneficial, UPB carries significant psychological and behavioural consequences. Using cognitive dissonance theory, we examine how UPB leads to time theft through the chain mediation of ego depletion and moral sensitivity, with managerial recognition serving as a key boundary condition. We collected data from 432 randomly selected retail employees through a structured questionnaire, including demographic data and measures of UPB, ego depletion, moral sensitivity, managerial recognition and time theft. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0 for preliminary analyses (e.g., reliability, correlation) and MPLUS 8.3 for path analysis and hypothesis testing, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and mediation analysis. The results show that UPB increases ego depletion and directly promotes time theft, while also reducing moral sensitivity indirectly through ego depletion. Ego depletion and moral sensitivity sequentially mediate the relationship between UPB and time theft. Importantly, managerial recognition moderates the mediation path by strengthening the positive relationship between ego depletion and time theft. These findings reveal not only the underlying psychological mechanism of UPB but also how organizational feedback can unintentionally reinforce deviant behaviour. We conclude that organizations should carefully evaluate recognition practices and implement ethics-oriented support systems to mitigate the hidden costs of UPB.

Gérer les sous-traitants dans un contexte de pénurie de main-d’œuvre : le rôle complexe des managers de proximité - Wuidar, Simon; Jemine, Grégory (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
This article reflects on the managerial challenges associated with the day-to-day management of subcontractors. Based on a survey of site managers working for large Belgian construction companies, we show how the day-to-day management of subcontractors leads to numerous arbitration situations aimed at ensuring the successful execution of projects. We detail the evolution of everyday management practices, which are increasingly aimed at attracting and retaining subcontractors who have become particularly scarce and indispensable in the context of structural shortages of skilled local labor. This analysis leads us to a discussion highlighting 1) the importance of local management in the management of subcontractor relationships, 2) the interdependences generated by the current state of the labor market, and 3) the risks of these developments for local management professions.
Keywords: Conducteur de chantier; Construction; Fidélisation; Pénurie de main-d’oeuvre; Sous-traitance

From Worker Victory to Policy Reform: Injured Migrant Workers Fight for Return to Work Justice in Workers’ Compensation in Ontario, Canada - Yachnin, Maryth (New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 2025)
This article explores the challenges facing injured migrant farm workers in the workers’ compensation system in Canada's province of Ontario, with a focus on their fight for return to work justice. Told from the perspective of one of the lawyers who represented the workers, it highlights a recent victory achieved by 4 workers in the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program in defending their rights to workers’ compensation support. The workers’ compensation tribunal decided that the workers’ compensation board must evaluate these workers’ ability to return to work, access retraining, and receive compensation based on their labor markets in Jamaica—instead of based on fictional job prospects in Ontario. The tribunal also called out the need to consider systemic anti-Black racism in workers’ compensation law and policy. The article analyzes how this legal victory could reshape workers’ compensation policy in Ontario for injured migrant farm workers. It also discusses the implications of the win for injured workers in other temporary work programs and precarious employment sectors.
https://www.researchgate.net/search.Search.html?query=From+Worker+Victory+to+Policy+Reform%3A+Injured+Migrant+Workers+Fight+for+Return+to+Work+Justice+in+Workers%E2%80%99+Compensation+in+Ontario%2C+Canada&type=publication

Occupational Justice in Sociotechnical Contexts: Exploring Immigrant Platform Workers’ Experiences of Doing, Being, Becoming, and Belonging - Yekta, Atieh Razavi (Journal of Occupational Science, 2025)
Grounded in occupational justice and sociotechnical perspectives, this focused ethnographic study explored how immigrant platform workers construct meaning through diverse forms of occupational engagement—doing, being, becoming, and belonging—within sociotechnical contexts. Drawing on interviews with 30 immigrant platform workers in Vancouver, Canada, the study highlights the heterogeneity of platform labour, moving beyond commonly studied sectors such as ride-hailing and food delivery to challenge conventional narratives that frame platform-mediated employment solely as income-generating activity. The findings, organized into four interrelated themes, provide an in-depth account of how workers engage in, make sense of, and reconfigure their occupations within sociotechnically mediated contexts. The first theme, Doing Within and Beyond Sociotechnical Boundaries, examines how participants’ everyday occupations are shaped by both the technical demands of platforms and the social negotiations required to maintain client relationships, reputations, and relevance. The second theme, Being at the Edge of Visibility, explores how the interplay of social and technical systems renders workers simultaneously visible, through metrics, ratings, and platform profiles; and invisible, through lack of recognition and relational connection. The third theme, Boundless Becoming, reveals the fluid and aspirational nature of participants’ occupational trajectories, shaped by transnational opportunities and sociotechnical structures. Finally, Belonging Beyond the Bubble highlights how these workers cultivate inclusion within platform-specific communities while navigating broader structures of marginalization. This paper contributes to a more inclusive understanding of occupational engagement in platform-mediated labor, emphasizing the importance of supporting diverse occupational needs, rights, and aspirations beyond economic outcomes.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14427591.2025.2582788
Keywords: Betätigungsgerechtigkeit; Ciencia ocupacional; Migrant*innen; Occupational Science; Occupational science; Plattformarbeit; Science de l’occupation; ethnographie ciblée; etnografía focalizada; focused ethnography; fokussierte Ethnografie; immigrants; inmigrantes; justice occupationnelle; justicia ocupacional; occupational justice; platform work; sistemas sociotécnicos; sociotechnical systems; soziotechnische Systeme; systèmes sociotechniques; trabajo en plataformas; travail sur plateformes; 平台工作; 社会技术系统; 移民; 职能正义; 职能科学; 聚焦民族志研究方法

French Trade Unions Put to the Test by the Political Crisis / Le syndicalisme français à l’épreuve de la crise politique - Yon, Karel (Labour / Le Travail, 2025)
Analyzes the state of trade unionism in France with particular reference to union participation in the pensions movement of 2023 and the formation of a left-wing popular front during the 2024 national election. Argues that this return to the political sphere by unions during a time of crisis is in contrast to their narrow, industrial relations focus (called "démocratie social") that has predominated over the past 30 years. Concludes that political unionism and a class-based focus on the broader representation of work are the strategic challenges. The text is an address originally given by the author at the annual meeting of the Canadian Association of Work and Labour Studies, Université du Québec à Montréal, on June 19, 2024.

Employment Standards Database - York University. Global Labour Research Centre; York University. Department of Politics; Vosko, Leah F. (2025)
The Employment Standards Database is a research database for comparing employment standards, awareness and violations across national/regional context. It brings together a library of relevant sources, unique user-friendly statistical tables, and a thesaurus of concepts – designed to facilitate research on labour market insecurity in a comparative industrialized context. Users can analyze multidimensional tables to explore and compare the contours of precarious employment in Australia, Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. –Website description
https://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/results-resultats/prizes-prix/2019/insight_vosko-eng.aspx

Platformized Labour and Harassment in Canada: Quantifying the Effects of Racism on Content Creators - Zuzunaga Zegarra, Daniela (Platforms & Society, 2025)
Digital content creation is a growing area of labour in Canada. Alongside the development of this labour market, it has been reported there are rising issues of harassment, racism, and racial representation. Research germane to this area has provided rich qualitative accounts of how harassment and social oppression impact marginalized content creators. This study builds on this scholarly area to demonstrate quantitatively the ways in which harassment manifests in a Canadian setting. Using data from an online survey targeting Canadian content creators (N = 103), I specifically examine the incidence of harassment and racism among this population. Drawing on critical race theories, I argue that although online harassment is a widespread workplace hazard for content creators – regardless of identity, the consequences of this harassment are qualitatively different for those who have been historically marginalized. I expand on these findings to articulate how these impacts have downstream effects for marginalized creators, which may hinder their ability to sustain their labour in this environment. Finally, I situate these findings in the platformized environment within which these workplace hazards exist and problematize the arms-length approach that platforms take in regulating these hazards.

Labour Shortages and Wages. An Examination of Varying Bargaining Power among Workers - Zwysen, Wouter (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2025)
Labour shortages have become increasingly widespread across Europe and other advanced economies since the post-2008 recovery, due to rising demand and structural labour market transitions—digital, green and demographic. They further worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, through shifts in worker preferences, and again during the post-pandemic economic rebound. While policymakers and academics often attribute the shortages to skill gaps, which may be reduced via training or increased migration, there is growing recognition that unattractive wages and poor working conditions are also hindering recruitment.
Keywords: Europe; collective bargaining; job quality; power resources; shortages; tight labour market; vacancies; wages

Contradictions in Care: Labour Conditions, Conflicting Values, and Crisis in Child Protection Social Work in Nova Scotia - Bryan, Catherine; Richardson, Brooke; Ross, Nancy; Willis, Rajean (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Nova Scotia Office, 2024)
...Lead author Dr. Catherine Bryan, Associate Professor in the Dalhousie School of Social Work, had this to say about the report, “This report draws on voices and experiences of child protection social workers in Nova Scotia to describe how they understand and manage the conditions of child protection work in Nova Scotia. More precisely, it details a growing set of concerns about the conditions of child welfare work in the province and, in turn, about the ability of child protection social workers to effectively, compassionately, and justly meet the needs of children and families.” This report is an effort to uncover the key concerns and daily struggles of those tasked with “protecting” children, while also making both short-term and long-term recommendations for changes to address those challenges, from improving training, mentoring, and professional recognition to reducing poverty. –From website description

The Power of Pensions - Macdonald, David (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2024)
Retirement security is the dream of every Canadian, but employers, particularly those in the private sector, are moving away from providing the gold standard of a workplace pension plan. In 2023, 6.9 million working Canadians—34 per cent of all employed people—were covered by a registered pension plan. The retirement income those plans contribute to national and local economies, to government budgets and to equalizing retirement security for equity-seeking groups is underappreciated. This report puts that value in context. –Website description

The CHL Class Action Settlement – Is the Tail Wagging the Dog? - Thornicroft, Kenneth Wm. (2024)
Discusses the CHL class actions and the settlement in Ontario and Alberta as well as the failure to settle in Quebec. Concludes that the present state of affairs is very unsatisfactory.

Health and Safety: Amazon Fails to Deliver - Gindin, Sam (Amazon Worker Solidarity, 2024)
Discusses injury rates of warehouse workers at Amazon, with particular reference to Ontario. Concludes that workers must organize to counterbalance the management priorities of the world's second largest corporation.

Migration in Film. Temporary Migrant Workers in Canada: Five Portraits in Two Decades - Martínez-Zalce, Graciela (UNAM Internacional, 2024)
This article is a minimum filmography about the fundamental issue of mobility. The films reviewed here represent Mexican workers who travel to Canada as temporary workers, thus, who are legal economic migrants. ...This article seeks to introduce the main problems of SAWP [Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program] in the framework of an approach that takes place in the 2020’s; presenting the activists’ struggle, pointing out SAWP’s problems for the families affected and with regard to the process of temporary workers soliciting Canadian citizenship. I analyze five films produced over the last 15 years and present them chronologically to discover how seasonal agricultural workers’ participation in the programs signed by Mexico and Canada is documented.
https://unamdgci-my.sharepoint.com/:b:/g/personal/revista_global_unam_mx/ES4qJZ1yM9FEolUUd97x-sgB0NS7ip7sAEfDQ_UAFuIx6Q?e=0wGxpz

A Decade of Migrant Care Worker Programs - Bagon, Cincy; Calamba, Rincy Dominic; Cordero, Kassandra; Massie, Alicia; Minh, Alice; Mũrage, Noemi; Martinez, Rosario; Shaw, Jennifer E.; Vancouver Committee for Domestic Workers and Caregivers Rights (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, BC Office, 2024)
In June 2024, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada announced impending new pilot programs for migrant care workers. While the announcement brings hope that “new pilot programs will provide home care workers with permanent residence on arrival in Canada,” this report identifies persistent problems with Canada’s migrant care worker programs and demonstrates why permanency upon arrival is a requisite for necessary program changes. Given the ongoing and structural issues of Canada’s migrant care worker programs, the newest pilot programs will also need other critical improvements to ensure dignified work and meaningful inclusion for much-needed care workers in Canada. –Website summary
https://policyalternatives.ca/newsroom/news-releases/canada%E2%80%99s-broken-promises-migrant-care-workers%E2%80%94more-pilot-programs-not

Submission to the 2024 BC Labour Relations Code Review - Sioufi, Véronique; Ivanova, Iglika (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, BC Office, 2024)
The 2024 review of the Labour Relations Code, only the second in more than two decades, comes at a critical juncture for labour relations in British Columbia. It is imperative that this review bring a comprehensive package of reforms to markedly improve workers’ abilities to meaningfully exercise their statutory rights to organize and engage in collective bargaining in the current context of fissured workplaces and increasingly insecure work arrangements in many sectors of the BC economy. –Website summary

Ontario Court Approves $30 Million Class-Action Settlement Over Employment Status of Canadian Hockey League Players in OHL, WHL and QMJHL - HR Law Canada (2024)
The Ontario Superior Court of Justice has approved a $30 million settlement resolving class action lawsuits regarding the employment status of players in the Canadian Hockey League’s Ontario Hockey League (OHL), Western Hockey League (WHL), and Québec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The decision comes after a complex legal battle spanning nearly a decade, affecting approximately 4,286 amateur hockey players. But it still needs to be approved by courts in Alberta and Quebec.

Cooking, Cleaning, and Caring: Covid-19, Essential Labour and the Experiences of Immigrant and Migrant Women in Nova Scotia - Bryan, Catherine; Yax-Fraser, María José (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Nova Scotia Office, 2024)
A detailed look at the experiences of migrant and immigrant women’s working conditions in low-wage essential sectors in Nova Scotia before, during, and following the most acute periods of the COVID-19 pandemic, this report draws on 27 in-depth, qualitative interviews.... –Website summary
https://policyalternatives.ca/newsroom/news-releases/new-report-focuses-experiences-immigrant-and-migrant-women-workers-nova

The Legal Landscape of Freedom of Association in Canada: The Complex Path to Half of a Constitutional Freedom - Newman, Dwight (School of Law, University College Cork, 2024)
This paper examines freedom of association in Canada. In particular, it traces why Canada’s constitutional protection of freedom of association has developed only slowly and principally in the union context so far, reaching in a struggling way toward what I call “half a constitutional freedom.” –Introduction
https://hdl.handle.net/10468/15729 Societās Working Paper 18/2024

Balancing Act: Card-Check, Anti-Scab, and the Case for Rebalancing Manitoba’s Labour Relations - Harney, Niall (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Manitoba Office, 2024)
The evidence presented in this report runs counter to arguments that card-check and anti-scab legislation give excessive power to workers over employers. Rather, card-check certification and a replacement worker ban are fundamental to upholding workers rights within Canada’s labour relations system. The right to join a union and the right to strike are two foundational aspects of Canadian labour relations. Testimonials from workers in this report make clear that mandatory votes suppress workers’ freedom to join a union without coercion from anti-union employers. –Website summary

The Racial Labour Geographies of Amazon in Canada’s Greater Toronto Area - Abdelbaki, Rawan (Alternate Routes: A Journal of Critical Social Research, 2024)
Drawing on the framework of racial capitalism, this paper highlights two distinct but related dynamics of racial differentiation in relation to Amazon in Greater Toronto Area (GTA): at the level of the region’s broader political economy and within Amazon’s warehouses. I outline the ways in which the e-commerce giant both exploits and (re)makes the racialized geography of the GTA. Amazon’s capitalization on neoliberal austerity and corporate welfare perpetuates class and racialized inequalities. These processes adversely affect these suburban localities and negatively impact employment in both quantitative and qualitative ways. In this context, I argue that Amazon’s success has been, in no small part, due to its exploitation of Canada’s racially stratified labour market. Within the warehouse, the notion that digital Taylorism produces an undifferentiated workforce and a uniform labour process is interrogated. Instead, workers’ own accounts point to the ways digital technologies enable management to generate racial/ethnic differentiation and further squeeze value from workers. By situating Amazon within this specific socio-historical and political economic context, I demonstrate that the GTA offers a case study through which to examine the racial dynamics of digital capitalism and show that racialized and gendered social relations inflect the uneven experiences of algorithmic management.

Does Cultural Intelligence Increase Professional Success among Immigrant Workers? A Quebec-Based Study - Agbon, Gildas; Ouedraogo, Salmata (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
We investigated the role of cultural intelligence (CQ) among immigrant workers (IWs) in their professional success within Quebec organizations. Professional success was assessed at two stages of a worker’s career: an intermediate (organizational socialization: OS) and an ultimate stage (objective career success: OCS). Data from a purposive sample of 103 IWs show that CQ predicts OS, but neither CQ nor OS predicts OCS, except for IWs from Global North countries. Thus, intermediate success depends on the immigrant’s personal ability to integrate into the organization’s culture, but this ability will increase objective career success only if the immigrant is from the Global North, and not from the Global South. These findings challenge the hypothesis that socio-economic integration depends on the immigrant’s personal ability to adapt. Finally, we discuss structural factors that may affect the CQ/OCS relationship.
Keywords: Compétences culturelles; Cultural competencies; career success; immigrant; immigrants; intégration socioprofessionnelle; socio-professional integration; succès de carrière

La coopération amapienne : une relation de travail atypique pour entreprendre ensemble dans un environnement capacitant - Aissaoui, Sonia; Bueno Merino, Pascale; Grandval, Samuel; Hamza, Hamdi (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
L’objectif de cet article consiste à analyser les spécificités et les enjeux entrepreneuriaux de la relation de travail atypique que constitue la coopération amapienne entretenue entre un petit producteur agricole et un groupe de consommateurs bénévoles. Assimilable à une forme spécifique d’entrepreneuriat collectif agricole, la création d’une association pour le maintien d’une agriculture paysanne (AMAP) se matérialise par un engagement contractualisé des consommateurs dans l’activité de production agricole et de vente directe de produits alimentaires locaux. L’engagement de ces consommateurs constitue alors une véritable force de travail pour le petit producteur agricole facilitant l’accès à des expertises et compétences complémentaires. Notre recherche vise à comprendre comment la coopération amapienne, en tant que relation de travail atypique, permet de stimuler, au sein d’un territoire, l’entrepreneuriat collectif agricole entre un petit producteur et un groupe de consommateurs bénévoles. Basés sur une méthodologie qualitative, nos résultats montrent que cette relation de travail atypique se caractérise par un système de coproduction, de cogestion et de réciprocité apprenante. Par ailleurs, elle favorise, pour l’entrepreneur agricole, la mise en place d’un environnement capacitant grâce aux principes de suppléance, de soutien, d’éducation et d’accompagnement auxquels obéit la création d’une AMAP et qui renforcent la capacité d’action et d’autonomisation du petit producteur. Ainsi, la finalité de cette relation de travail atypique réside dans un « entreprendre ensemble » pour, in fine, cocréer de la valeur sociale. Cette approche entrepreneuriale et altruiste de la relation de travail atypique enrichit la littérature académique qui l’envisageait, jusqu’à présent, principalement à partir de la situation de vulnérabilité du travailleur. Nous proposons en effet de la considérer aussi à partir de la capacité du travailleur à prendre part à un projet d’entrepreneuriat collectif en mettant à disposition d’une communauté un ensemble d’expertises et de compétences.
Keywords: AMAP; Atypical Work Relationship; CSA; Collective Entrepreneurship; Community Supported Agriculture; Coopération amapienne; Enabling Environment; Entrepreneuriat agricole; Entrepreneuriat collectif; Entrepreneuriat social; Environnement capacitant; Relation de travail atypique; Rural Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship

Ethical Procurement In The 2026 FIFA Men's World Cup: Toronto's Efforts In Combating Sweatshop Labour - Al Horoub, Yazan (York University, 2024)
The anti-sweatshop movement has long committed to abolishing sweatshop labour and ensuring workers’ rights for all. There is an established body of literature on sport and the anti-sweatshop movement on the roles played by a range of actors concerning the mega-sporting events, which have been plagued with abuses of workers’ lives in the name of the sport spectacle. In effort to move past this troubled history, FIFA has embedded internationally recognized human and labour rights into their 2026 bid process. This study evaluates how the City of Toronto, Canada Soccer Association, and FIFA have considered ethical procurement and sweatshop labour as part of their bid for co-hosting the 2026 FIFA Men’s World Cup. Employing a critical theoretical approach, this study finds that despite the varying levels of considerations given to ethical (anti-sweatshop) procurement, the efforts remain insufficient. This is attributed to the unequal power dynamics that prioritize a discourse of (neoliberal capitalist) development for soft power.

Negotiating Job Security and Capital Investments in Response to Deindustrialization: The Case of Canada’s Auto Sector - Anastakis, Dimitry; High, Steven C. (Labor History, 2024)
Job security has always been a paramount concern for the trade union movement. This article explores the ways that unions used collective bargaining to gain a measure of job security for their members in the face of deindustrialization as unionized factories in North America began to close in large numbers after the 1970s. These new measures included advance notice, severance pay, plant closing moratoria, restrictions placed on plant movements, transfer rights, and expanding the scope of collective ‘social’ bargaining to cover training and adjustment. In some sectors, such as automotive, collective bargaining has also been extended into areas normally left to management. The price was often high. Eventually some unions, notably the Canadian Auto Workers (established 1985; part of Unifor after 2013), prioritized winning new capital investments and product lines for unionized plants in their negotiations, though often at the cost of jobs, wage freezes or reductions, and other concessions. By focusing upon auto sector deindustrialization in Canada since the 1980s, we draw lessons from more recent union bargaining strategies, and how they constitute an important element of worker responses to industrial job loss and manufacturing closure.
Keywords: Bargaining; Canadian auto workers; Unifor; deindustrialization; investment

Stigmatized (M)Others: Navigating Stigma, Sex Work, and Motherhood in Canada - Annett, Michelle Lesley (Carleton University, 2024)
Despite a large body of research exploring the obstacles sex workers face due to their occupational stigma, little research focuses on how their stigmatized paid work influences their navigation of unpaid care, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. My dissertation examines the narrated and photographic experiences of womxn in Canada who identify as both mothers and sex workers and asks: how do these womxn navigate and negotiate the daily work of unwaged social reproduction and paid work in stigmatized and precarious conditions? This dissertation is informed by feminist methodologies, visual methodologies, and contributes to literatures on stigma, sex work stigma, social reproduction, unpaid care work, mothering, and working motherhood. Fourteen participants in this qualitative project engaged in autophotography, capturing their daily routines and surroundings to provide visual insight into their daily lives. Then each participant attended a photo elicitation interview to discuss the meanings, experiences, and feelings being conveyed in their selected photographs. My findings illuminate that sex work stigma operates contextually, influencing these mothers’ engagement with and disclosure of their stigmatized paid work, their families’ experiences with courtesy stigma, and the structural barriers they face as sex working mothers. This dissertation also explores participants’ engagement with mothering practices, crediting their ability to be good, empathetic mothers because of their experiences navigating stigmatic occupations and their transferrable skills as sex workers. Womxn’s choices to navigate sex work and mothering are acknowledged as being both calculated and meaningful— granting sex workers financial security, flexible working hours, and unique opportunities to invest time into themselves and their families. To uphold the aims of producing accessible research, these images were displayed in public fundraising exhibits, relying on participant observation and anonymous feedback to further assess the project’s ability to co-produce destigmatizing and empathetic knowledges—by, with and for sex workers. All funds raised from these exhibits were donated to various sex worker grassroots organizations in Canada to assist in funding their ongoing mutual aid efforts and to ensure this research possess tangible benefits for sex workers themselves.

The Happiness of the British Working Class - Asser, Jared Kazik (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "The Happiness of the British Working Class," by Jamie L. Bronstein.

Gender and Technology at Work: From Workplace Studies to Social Justice in Design - Balka, Ellen; Wagner, Ina; Weibert, Anne; Wulf, Volker (Cambridge University Press, 2024)
This book brings together the vast research literature about gender and technology to help designers understand what a gender perspective and a focus on intersectionality can contribute to designing information technology systems and artifacts, and to assist organizations as they work to develop work cultures that are supportive of women and marginalized genders and people. Drawing on empirical and analytical studies of women's work and technology in many parts of the world, the book addresses how to make invisible aspects of work visible; how to recognize women's skills without falling into the trap of gender stereotyping; how to engage in improving working conditions; and how to defend care of life situations and needs against a managerial logic. It addresses challenges for design, including many overlooked and undervalued aspects, such as the complexities involved in human–machine interactions, as well as the need to create safe spaces for research subjects. –Publisher's description

Distant Stage: Quebec, Brazil, and the Making of Canada's Cultural Diplomacy - Barbosa, Rosana (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Distant Stage: Quebec, Brazil, and the Making of Canada's Cultural Diplomacy," by Eric Fillion.

Pourquoi la loi protège mal la santé – sécurité : le bruit au travail au Québec ou l’échec de l’autorégulation et du marché - Baril-Gingras, Geneviève; Bruyère, Raphaëlle; Paradis, Jean-Philippe (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
L’étude cherche à contribuer à expliquer pourquoi les travailleurs et travailleuses continuent à être exposés à des conditions de travail pathogènes, malgré les législations en prévention en santé et en sécurité du travail. Elle examine pour cela le processus social de « régulation » de l’exposition au bruit, cas paradigmatique de risque pour la santé dont les effets et les éventuels coûts d’indemnisation sont différés et généralement pas perçus comme nuisant à la sécurité et la productivité. L’analyse s’appuie entre autres sur des données obtenues par demande d’accès à l’information auprès de la Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail, dont des rapports d’intervention d’inspecteurs. Alors que les cas de surdité professionnelle reconnus sont en augmentation marquée, l’analyse met en évidence une série de déficits de régulation : déficit de protection par un seuil réglementaire d’exposition au bruit inchangé jusqu’à 2023; absence de couverture de la majorité des secteurs d’activité par le Réseau de santé publique en santé au travail, aussi par paralysie réglementaire, alors que ses signalements donnent lieu à la majorité des interventions de l’inspectorat; déficit d’application (très faible nombre d’interventions sur le bruit, particulièrement dans les secteurs à majorité féminine), même après la priorisation de ce risque, le nombre d’inspecteurs restant inchangé malgré l’augmentation marquée du nombre d’établissements; finalement, déficit de responsabilisation des employeurs par l’absence d’imputation directe à l’employeur des coûts d’indemnisation des cas de surdité professionnelle reconnus, d’abord encouragée par le mode de tarification, puis systématique. Ces déficits combinés participent à la « normalisation » d’atteintes à la santé qui peuvent pourtant être prévenues. L’étude conclut à l’échec de l’autorégulation de facto (absence de réglementation adéquate et de ressources conséquentes de soutien et de contrôle) comme à celle du marché (coûts d’indemnisation et tarification en fonction de l’expérience).
Keywords: Bruit; Health; Noise; Occupational Safety and Health; Politiques publiques; Prevention; Prévention; Public Policies; Quebec; Québec; Regulation; Régulation; Santé; Santé et sécurité du travail

Platform Labour, Migration, And Resistance: Organizing Against Hyper-Exploitation In Paris And Toronto's Food Delivery Industries - Baril, Emile (York University, 2024)
This doctoral thesis combines empirical research and theoretical innovations aimed at comprehending the dynamics of platform labour within advanced-capitalist economies. Through case studies in Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, the thesis contributes to the evolving landscape of platform labour studies, migration studies, and labour geography. The over-representation of racialized immigrants engaged in platform food delivery has attracted significant attention from both academia and mainstream media, notably in Toronto with international students from India and in Paris with sans-papiers from Africa. Focusing specifically on migration and working conditions, this study unveils hyper-precarity in Euro-American cities. The primary objective of the thesis is to provide a new perspective that includes immigration and citizenship within current discourse on platform labour. Drawing inspiration from critical urban studies, migration studies, and science and technology studies, the research introduces two conceptual propositions: i) “citizen-rentier-ship”, designed to elucidate how various stakeholders benefit from precarious citizenship status, and ii) a “relational comparison” of platform labour resistance, offering insights into the evolution of the unrest against platform labour exploitation—a crucial facet of urban development. The thesis is based on extensive interviews with food riders, workers, spokespersons, and other key actors, shedding light on their capacity for self-organization within advanced capitalist societies. By exploring strategies, limitations, and the dimensions of resistance—both digital and physical—through interactions with riders and individuals who resisted deactivation, low wages, and algorithmic management, the research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by these workers. The case studies place emphasis on migrant workers’ perspectives. They reshape ongoing debates about global platforms by centering attention on the bottom ends of labour markets. In conclusion, the study contends that the struggles of migrant workers are deeply entwined with labour laws, immigration policies, misclassification practices, and urban policies in France and Canada.

The Practice of Human Resource Management in Canada - Barnetson, Bob; Foster, Jason (AU Press, 2024)
This introductory human resource management (HRM) textbook provides students with an overview of the major domains of human resource management (the “how-to”) with a focus on the practical application of the most recent HRM research and best practices. Students will learn to understand, anticipate, and respond to how power, profit, and intersectionality shape the practice of HRM. Moving beyond the typical procedure-oriented textbook, Barnetson and Foster provide thought-provoking political analysis to better prepare students for the real-world practice of human resource management. –Publisher's description

Working-Class Affects: Connecting Affect Theory to Trade Union Revitalization Efforts - Barnett, Bronwen (Simon Fraser University, 2024)
In recent years, labour unrest in Canada and elsewhere has led to a resurgence in union organizing, job action and contract gains. This thesis sets out to understand how greater attentiveness to working-class affects or emotions might support this potentially revitalizing moment. Given the limited scholarship in this area, this study connects a literature review of affect theory with radical labour history to develop a framework for thinking about the affective dimensions of collective action within unions. Using that framework, the study then investigates the affective life of two Western Canadian unions through surveys and interviews. The thesis concludes that acknowledging and becoming more intentional in efforts to mediate the affective intensities that circulate, move people and organize life at the level of union membership represents an important focal point as a new cycle of class recomposition potentially takes shape.

Advocating for Labour Mobility and Permanent Residency for Canada's Seasonal Agricultural Workers from an International Human Rights Law Perspective - Barzegarikhanghah, Lily (Faezeh) (University of Manitoba, Faculty of Law, 2024)
This paper delves into the implications of Canada's Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) through the lens of international human rights law (IHRL), spotlighting the nuanced effects on migrant agricultural workers' rights. Originating in 1966, the SAWP has been pivotal in recruiting labour from Mexico and the Caribbean to bolster Canada's agricultural sector. The paper critiques the program's core policies, notably the restrictive employment system that ties workers to specific employers and the significant barriers to obtaining permanent residency (PR) and citizenship. These policies are scrutinized for their potential violation of fundamental human rights, including the rights to equality, liberty and security, and access to justice, under both Canadian and international legal frameworks. A comprehensive analysis is presented, underpinning Canada's obligations under IHRL and the apparent discrepancies within its treatment of SAWP participants. The study proposes substantial policy reforms aimed at rectifying these discrepancies, advocating for a transition towards open work permits, and establishing clear pathways to PR and citizenship for SAWP workers. The research underscores the necessity for Canada to reconcile its labour demands within the agricultural sector with its human rights obligations, ensuring a fair and humane treatment of migrant workers who play a crucial role in the country's economy.

Tell Dem Wagwan Fanon: On [Colonial] Violence and Prison Labour in Canada - Batelaan, Krystal Alisha (York University, 2024)
In this dissertation, I draw on Frantz Fanon’s concepts of cultural imposition and collective catharsis to examine how the colonized subject, like the incarcerated Black worker, undergoes a double process of dehumanization wherein they are perceived as both an invisible and hypervisible subject. I argue that the colonized subject is invisible insofar as they are subjected to various forms of dehumanization such as physiological and psychological abuse, lack of access to resources, and neglect. However, they are also perceived as hypervisible because they are viewed as existing in excess as hypersexual, hyper deviant, and hyper criminal creatures and therefore deserving of the treatment they endure. Similarly, the incarcerated worker is viewed as invisible and hypervisible because they are viewed as unskilled and subhuman beings undeserving of adequate pay and protections but are also perceived as best suited to work in poor conditions doing less skilled, undervalued, low-paying work. By tracing how this relationship between race, racialization and labour is underpinned by whiteness both historically and in a contemporary sense, I demonstrate how the use of prison labour within a Canadian multicultural context must necessarily be read through a normalizing white gaze, under the guise of public safety and rehabilitation; here the prison functions as a disciplinary site wherein Black and racialized prisoners are constructed as inferior beings in need of heightened control through labour. In doing so, I argue that the use of prison labour in Canadian prisons is a form of colonial violence that reproduces inferior and superior colonial identities.

Falling Short: Troubles with the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program in Nova Scotia - Bejan, Raluca; Allain, Kristi; Glynn, Tracy; Flores, Paolo Soto (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Nova Scotia Office, 2024)
Falling Short is the third community report released by the Migrant Workers in the Canadian Maritimes Partnership. The report follows the publication of Safe at Work, Unsafe at Home: COVID-19 and Temporary Foreign Workers in Prince Edward Island in 2021 and Unfree Labour: COVID-19 and Migrant Workers in the Seafood Industry in New Brunswick in 2023. The report is based on desk research and worker interviews. Data was obtained from freedom of information requests to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) and Nova Scotia’s regulatory bodies responsible for work safety, employment standards, and housing. 15 interviews with migrant workers in Nova Scotia employed under the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) were also conducted. Fourteen of these workers were employed under the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) stream of the TFWP, and one worker was employed under the low-wage stream of the TFWP. Falling Short found that in Nova Scotia, migrant workers frequently encounter a lack of regulatory implementation. Rules exist, but governments are failing to adequately enforce them to create a safe and dignified work environment for migrant workers. The report provides recommendations to both the federal and provincial governments aimed at improving the working and living conditions of the temporary migrant workforce in the province. –Website description

The Impacts of Sexual Harassment on the Health of Women Working in Male-Dominated Industries in Canada: A Literature Review - Bekkai, Dounia (American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 2024)
With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of social attitudes and mentalities, many Canadian women nowadays hold professions that have always been held exclusively by men. They have been able to integrate educational training, academic programs, and professional careers that have always been “masculine”, such as engineering, architecture, accounting, finance, military, trades, construction, and law enforcement, to name a few. Women in Canada have successfully performed and integrated these “masculine” professions. However, this integration was only a one-way street in many circumstances, not appreciated or accepted by men who considered it an invasion of their professional property and territory. Therefore, it unfortunately opens the door to bullying, discrimination, intimidation, and even sexual harassment. Sexual harassment of women in the workplace has always been persistent, especially in male-dominated industries. Not only does it harm women’s health, advancement, and career, but it also harms the organizations and their reputations. This research will investigate the impacts of sexual harassment on the overall health of women working in male-dominated industries in Canada.

The Prophet’s Children: Parties, Sects, and Revolution - Blackledge, Paul (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews and comments on two books by John Kelly: "Contemporary Trotskyism: Parties, Sects and Social Movements in Britain" and "The Twilight of World Trotskyism."

Travailler moins ne suffit pas - Boucher, Marie-Pierre (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Travailler moins ne suffit pas," by Julia Posca.

Navigating Professional Dilemmas: How Public-Sector Engineers Navigate Ethical Tensions Arising from Conflicting Institutional Logics - Bourdages-Sylvain, Marie-Pierre; Adams, Tracey (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Over the last few decades, collegial forms of organization guided by norms of professionalism and shared decision-making have given way in public organizations to more corporate organizational forms that prioritize efficiency and economy. A growing body of research has explored these conflicting institutional logics, and identified the challenges of professional workers as they attempt to reconcile them on the job. At times, however, conflicting logics may create ethical dilemmas for professionals faced with competing imperatives, such as efficiency and public safety, if choosing the ethical imperative threatens their job security or professional standing. Their responses to such dilemmas have been under-explored in the literature. In this paper, we examine such dilemmas, and the responses to them, using qualitative data from public-sector engineers in two Canadian provinces. Public-sector engineers are ideal for such analysis because they work in changing environments where the tension between professional and managerial logics may be keenly felt. We find that these professionals have a range of responses, sometimes resisting and sometimes marginally acceding to workplace pressures. Light is thus shed on the circumstances under which ethical tensions might escalate.
Keywords: Canada; Engineers; Ethical tensions; Ingénieurs; Institutional logics; Logiques institutionnelles; Organisations publiques; Professions; Public organizations; Tensions éthiques

Academic Staff Associations and Vaccination Mandates in the Canadian University Sector - Braley-Rattai, Alison; Savage, Larry (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
We examine the pivotal role of academic staff associations (ASAs) in advocating and influencing the adoption of vaccination mandates at Canadian universities in the run-up to the fall 2021 term. Through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with ASA leaders and staff, we delve into the factors behind ASA positions on such mandates. We demonstrate that the vast majority of ASAs advocated robust COVID-19 mitigation measures, including vaccination mandates, but their approaches varied because of regional differences and institutional and sectoral dynamics. Many ASAs actively promoted mandatory vaccination, unlike the case with the vast majority of other unions.
Keywords: Associations universitaires; COVID-19; Canada; Pandémie; Travail académique; Universités; Vaccination obligatoire; academic labour; faculty associations; pandemic; universities; vaccination mandates

Union Responses to Workplace COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates in Canada - Braley-Rattai, Alison; Savage, Larry (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
This article explores union responses to workplace-based covid-19 vaccine mandates in Canada. Specifically, the authors examine the complex interplay of factors that drove unions to adopt their respective positions on vaccine mandates and to frame those positions in particular ways for the benefit of their members and the wider public. Interviews with key informants, along with analysis of documents and arbitration decisions, reveal a disjuncture between the discursive quality of certain unions’ positions and their actual positions. In particular, media framing of unions as either “for” or “against” vaccine mandates oversimplified or misrepresented the actual positions adopted. In response, the article introduces a typology of union positions that distinguishes between support for mandatory-vaccination policies and support for voluntary-vaccination policies and reveals that the vast majority of unions favoured the latter. The authors further reveal that workplace vaccine mandates were both internally divisive and disorienting for unions, given the central role labour organizations play in managing workplace disputes and representing the interests of workers, both individually and collectively.
Keywords: covid-19; occupational health and safety; unions; vaccination

Gender Equality Measurement, Collective Agency, and Trade Unions: A Way Forward - Briskin, Linda (Counting Matters: Policy, Practice and the Limits of Gender Equality Measurement in Canada, 2024)
This chapter provides an extensive but not exhaustive overview of gender equality indices. Two key concerns emerge: frst, the conflation of measures of gender equality and assessments of women’s rights and status; and second, the focus on individual empowerment used in almost all international indices, the indicator for which is frequently political representation.The chapter proposes an alternative frame of collective agency as a measurable dimension that shifts attention from those institutions that reproduce gender inequality to those that promote gender equality. The second part of this chapter argues that trade unions are a key institutional vehicle for women’s collective agency and voice. Union membership increases women’s income and reduces the gender pay gap, a central dimension in all gender equality indices. It also improves the quality and conditions of working life. Union membership, then, helps progress women’s status, supports gender equality, and offers a valuable measure of women’s collective agency. –Introduction

Pursuing the Unachievable: Examining Worker Burnout in Ontario’s Public Employment Services - Bromfield, Sheldon M.; Kanyogonya, Virginia (Alternate Routes: A Journal of Critical Social Research, 2024)
This paper utilizes the job demands–resources (JD-R) model to examine how the neoliberal governance of Employment Ontario (EO) contributes to worker burnout. The work of Employment Ontario specialists is governed by neoliberal policies, which are an apparatus of austerity politics mechanized through New Public Management (NPM). NPM places a strong emphasis on performance management, quantitative targets and the marketization of public services. This paper demonstrates how these neoliberal policies contribute to worker burnout in public employment services (PES). EO specialists who deliver PES, are tasked with helping vulnerable jobseekers quickly re-enter the paid labour force regardless of systemic barriers, which this study has revealed as a largely unachievable pursuit within a neoliberal market environment. Utilizing data from thirty-two interviews, our analysis indicates that EO workers/specialists experience burnout due to unreasonable job demands and a lack of sufficient resources, which inhibit their ability to meaningfully support vulnerable jobseekers. Having identified time pressures, work overload, lack of training and development opportunities and job insecurity as some of the stressors experienced by EO specialists, we conclude that prolonged exposure to these stressors leads to burnout.

Gun Country: Gun Capitalism, Culture and Control in Cold War America - Brown, R. Blake (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Gun Country: Gun Capitalism, Culture and Control in Cold War America," by Andrew C. McKevitt.

Policing Sex Work Online: Sex Workers’ Views on the Risks and Benefits of Using AI to Police Online Ads for Sexual Services - Brown, Sydney (Simon Fraser University, 2024)
This thesis explored the potential use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based policing models in law enforcement anti-trafficking initiatives and examined potential impacts of expanding state surveillance through police use of AI-based policing models. Computer scientists aspire to develop AI to identify victims of trafficking through websites that host ads for sexual services. Little research has explored sex workers’ views on the proposed AI-based policing models and their likely impacts. To fill this gap, I conducted 21 semistructured interviews with sex workers, academics, and members of sex worker rights organizations to discuss the effects of AI-based policing models. Participants expressed concern that these models will continue a long history of anti-trafficking initiatives causing harm, particularly against racialized, migrant, and transgender sex workers. Findings also suggest developers should be cautious about creating AI-based policing models without input of sex workers and without a firm knowledge base of the sex industry.

Déjouer la fatalité : pauvreté, familles, institutions - Cadrin, Meggie Sue (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the cyberexposition, "Déjouer la fatalité : pauvreté, familles, institutions," by the Centre d’histoire des régulations sociales (Montréal, 2022).

At Your Side, On Your Side: United Nurses of Alberta Communications Framing - Cake, Susan (Journal of Industrial Relations, 2024)
This case study focuses on the United Nurses of Alberta, the union representing registered nurses in the province of Alberta, Canada; this explores United Nurses of Alberta's communication strategies. Drawing on the collective action frames previously identified in United Nurses of Alberta's social media and newsletters from 2010 to 2015, which frames nurses as unique healthcare providers and advocates, this study leverages insights from 23 interviews conducted with the United Nurses of Alberta staff, highly involved members, and general members from 2016 to 2017. The article explores the motivations and tensions around the framing of nurses and the union. The findings indicate that the United Nurses of Alberta could enhance its communications by better aligning with members’ current struggles through various collective action frame bridging and extensions. The research also suggests the potential benefits of United Nurses of Alberta shifting away from collective action frames rooted in self-sacrifice. Furthermore, this case study provides recommendations for communication strategies that could strengthen member engagement and involvement within their unions.

Enduring Work: Experiences with Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program - Cake, Susan (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Enduring Work: Experiences with Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program," by Catherine E. Connelly.

Why the Construction Trades Have a Valuable Role in Meeting the Climate Challenge - Calvert, John (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The construction industry accounts for 18 per cent of Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions. There is extensive evidence that this can be reduced significantly by implementing aggressive net zero building practices. However, the way the industry is organized impedes this achievement because it fails to promote the development of a broadly based, highly qualified, climate-literate workforce. Successful low carbon construction requires enhancement of workers’ knowledge, skills, and competencies because it requires much higher energy performance standards than traditional construction practice. Yet the industry remains wedded to the current system of low-bid, low-quality construction to cut costs. The organization of much construction work reflects a Taylorist approach, with extensive piecework and subcontracting that relies heavily on precarious, unskilled, and semi-skilled workers. Most employers avoid investing in trades training, leaving it to governments, unions, and individual workers to fund workforce development. Committed to a deregulated market with minimal government interference in their profit-making activities, many contractors oppose tougher building and energy regulations while lobbying against higher labour standards, occupational certification requirements, and union organizing. To meet their net zero targets, governments must recognize that market forces are inadequate to create the well-trained, highly skilled workforce needed. Major policy interventions are required to force industry to make the necessary changes in vocational education and training (vet) and employment practices – changes designed to upskill the construction workforce and give workers and unions a greater voice in shaping climate-informed building practice.
Keywords: apprenticeship; building emissions; climate literacy; construction labour; net zero; vocational education and training (VET)

The Academic Labour Market in Canada: Tides of Change - Campbell, Sheilagh (Research Handbook on Academic Labour Markets, 2024)
The Canadian university system closely parallels the northern European and British systems which were inherited through the process of colonization in the 18th century. Universities are grappling with the legacy of colonialism and continue to make efforts toward reconciliation with Canada’s Indigenous peoples. Fiscal restraint dominates the discourse across publicly funded universities, which rely increasingly on contingent staff. Meanwhile, the increasing number of PhD graduates are finding it difficult to find permanent work in the academy. Labour unrest is on the rise across a fractured labour market. Canada faces a period of uncertainty and potential structural change in its higher education sector as it deals with these challenges.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384079343_The_academic_labour_market_in_Canada_tides_of_change

Les pionniers irlandais du Québec et de l'Ontario: fermiers, ouvriers et bûcherons - Campey, Lucille H. (Septentrion, 2024)
Dès la fin de la guerre de Sept Ans, un nombre croissant d'Irlandais ont migré au Canada à la recherche d'une vie meilleure. Libérés des contraintes économiques et sociales étouffantes qui les retenaient dans leur pays d'origine, ils ont prospéré, notamment au Québec et en Ontario. Dans cet ouvrage synthèse, Lucille H. Campey dépeint les communautés irlandaises qui se sont formées dans différentes régions de l'Ontario et du Québec aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, à travers un récit informatif et vivant de cette grande saga de l'immigration. L'ouvrage décrit aussi les navires qui les ont transportés, dévoile les nombreuses réalisations de ces pionniers et déconstruit ainsi les interprétations modernes tendant à victimiser cette population. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1442755485
Keywords: Immigrants Ontario Histoire; Immigrants Ontario History; Immigrants Québec (Province) Histoire; Immigrants Québec (Province) History; Ireland Emigration and immigration History; Irlandais Ontario Histoire; Irlandais Québec (Province) Histoire; Irlande Émigration et immigration Histoire; Ontario Emigration and immigration History; Ontario Émigration et immigration Histoire; Québec (Province) Emigration and immigration History; Québec (Province) Émigration et immigration Histoire

Masculinity and Gig Work: A Case Study of Rideshare Workers in Toronto - Campo, Maya Selina (York University, 2024)
This thesis examines shifting masculinities and platform labour, following eleven semi-structured interviews conducted with male Toronto-based Uber and Lyft rideshare workers with dependents (children). Women have commonly done non-standard work, hence the proliferation of non-standard work being contextualized as the ‘feminization of work’ (Zahn, 2019). In contrast, rideshare work is a non-standard form of gig work done predominantly by men, rendering it a relevant form of platform work to examine with its complicated relationship to the historical context of gender and nonstandard work. This thesis argues for a need to organize the worker as a whole, examining how workers’ unpaid social reproductive labour and balancing of rideshare work, and often another form of paid work, impacts the viability of classic organizing methods. I argue that these issues of convoluted boundaries between paid and unpaid work must be incorporated into the potential organizing demands of a rideshare workers’ union and identify areas for further research on organizing rideshare workers accounting for shifting masculinities.

Nii Ndahlohke: Boys' and Girls' Work at Mount Elgin Industrial School, 1890–1915 - Carleton, Sean (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Nii Ndahlohke: Boys' and Girls' Work at Mount Elgin Industrial School, 1890–1915," by Mary Jane Logan McCallum.

Green is not White: Giving Voice to Indigenous, Black, and Racially Marginalized Workers in the Environmental Justice Movement - Charles, Naolo; Chong, Patricia; Connolly, Tyjana; Hampden, Denise; Liu, Anna; Powell, Rosemarie; Regis-Wilkins, Shanice; Wilson, Christopher (Research Handbook on Inequalities and Work, 2024)
Environmental racism is a structural, historical and ongoing fact of life for many Indigenous, Black and racially marginalized communities in Canada. Yet climate change discussions, lacking an anti-racism and intersectional lens, have largely ignored how Indigenous, Black and racially marginalized communities are inequitably impacted by the climate emergency. At the same time, policies to promote a just transition to a sustainable economy provide an opportunity for the creation of good green jobs. Such pathways into the green economy will only be inclusive if the voices of Indigenous, Black and racialized people and their communities are heard. Otherwise, the green economic transformation will only further reinforce the structural racial economic inequalities present in Canadian society and the genocidal impacts of the climate emergency will continue. In the end, we believe that worker power guided by a critical race, class, gender and intersectional analysis is an essential component in a strategy to win and secure a just transition to a green, sustainable and inclusive economy. The scale of the engagement must involve the entire movement working in genuine partnership with community coalition partners to ensure that the new green economy does not look like the old White economy.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378913875_Green_is_not_White_giving_voice_to_Indigenous_Black_and_racially_marginalized_workers_in_the_environmental_justice_movement

Toilers Across the Seas: Racial Discrimination and Political Assertion among Sikhs in Canada - Chatterjee, Chhanda (Beyond Indenture: Agency and Resistance in the Colonial South Asian Diaspora, 2024)
New research on the workings of the ‘web of empire’ have revealed that the British Empire was not only sustained by raw materials from India but depended significantly on its manpower working as ‘coolies’, or indentured labourers, in distant plantations in Mauritius, Fiji, West Indies, East and South Africa, and the Straits Settlements. The white dominions of Canada, Australia and the United States (US) similarly depended on low-paid labourers from the East for much of their work of opening up and colonising the prairie wastes. Initially, the bulk of migrants from India in North America came from among the strong and hard-working Sikhs of the Punjab province of India, who found it lucrative to work in these places, lured by the comparatively higher wages than they could obtain at home. However, as the market for labour became saturated by the first decade of the twentieth century, these countries began to erect legal barriers to the free entry of these Indian migrants under pressure from domestic workers, unwilling to face competition from migrants. This came as a great shock to migrant Indians, who had until then been thinking of the empire as a vast field of ‘shared opportunities’. In 1908, Canada tried to exclude Indian migrant labour by legislation, which insisted on ‘continuous passage’ for entering into the ports of the country. This would automatically disable Sikh migrants, who had to change ships to reach Canada. Gurdit Singh’s attempt to charter a Japanese ship, Komagata Maru, in June 1914 to ensure continuous passage for the Sikh migrants to Canada was a challenge to this legal barrier against the migrants. The turning back of this ship from Vancouver shattered the belief of the migrants in an equal imperial citizenship, and it became incendiary material for the revolutionary nationalist propaganda of the Ghadr conspirators, based in San Francisco. Student radicals in Canada and America, such as Lala Har Dayal, Kartar Singh Sarabha, G. D. Kumar and Husain Rahim tried to contact radicals all over the world, in India House in the United Kingdom (UK), France, Egypt, Turkey and Switzerland, and tried to spread their message through journals, like the Ghadr and the Hindustanee from San Francisco and the Al Kasas from Egypt. They even linked their efforts with German imperialist conspirators to gain funding and guidance in their common mission against British imperialism. –Publisher's summary
OCLC: 1416090796
Keywords: Indentured servants India History; Main-d'œuvre engagée à long terme Inde Histoire; South Asian diaspora; Sud-Asiatiques Pays étrangers

Les interactions sociales favorisées par le travail en aire ouverte ? Le cas des espaces de coworking - Cheyrouze, Marlène; Tremblay, Diane-Gabrielle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Les espaces de coworking sont propices aux interactions sociales, influencées en partie par la configuration de l’environnement. Impliquant le partage des locaux et du mobilier, l’aire ouverte crée une coprésence entre les personnes. Néanmoins, cette coprésence ne suffit pas à stimuler les interactions professionnelles, moins nombreuses que les interactions informelles. De plus, le bruit de parole est la principale contrainte du travail en aire ouverte. Dans ce contexte, cette étude en ergonomie vise à relever les conditions et les caractéristiques des interactions se produisant en aire ouverte. La méthodologie a été déployée auprès de 87 personnes, pendant 44 demi-journées et dans cinq espaces de coworking. Les personnes ont été observées dans l’aire ouverte pendant deux heures : toutes leurs interactions ont été relevées avec une grille d’observation papier et un plan d’observation informatisé. Ensuite, elles ont été interrogées individuellement dans une entrevue basée sur la technique de l’autoconfrontation. D’après les résultats, les interactions sont de courte durée (3 ± 6,55 ; 0,5-52) et se produisent surtout entre des personnes installées à la même table. Les trois quarts des interactions avec un-e collègue ont concerné des travailleur-ses salarié-es alors que les trois quarts des interactions avec un-e autre coworkeur-e ont concerné des travailleur-ses autonomes. Les interactions portant sur le contenu du travail ont été les plus nombreuses, suivies de près par les interactions informelles. L’étude propose plusieurs pistes d’amélioration de la dynamique sociale pour les responsables de la gestion, de l’animation, de l’architecture et de l’aménagement des espaces de coworking : repérer celles et ceux qui souhaitent s’installer en groupe, sélectionner les profils selon les caractéristiques de l’espace, ou organiser le mobilier selon ces profils.
Keywords: aire ouverte; co-presence; coprésence; coworking; ergonomics; ergonomie; interaction; interactions; open space

Disposable Qualifications, Disposable Lives: Examining the Labour Market Experiences of Foreign-Educated Racialized Immigrant Women - Chinchamie, Lisa (University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 2024)
This qualitative research study examines how the Labour Market Integration (LMI) site constitutes a site of ongoing colonial violence and spirit injury, where race plays a central role in legitimizing the politics of credential recognition, in which Foreign Educated Racialized Immigrant Women (FERIW) are evicted from the category “qualified” in Canada. My analysis draws upon concepts of racial capitalism and structural violence to locate the acts of eviction that FERIW are subjected to within the LMI space in Canada and the consequences and impacts of this eviction. I argue that racialized immigration on the move to Canada represents the human face of Canada’s ongoing nation-building and economic policy agenda. The LMI space reinforces and reproduces the colonial racial hierarchical order in Canada. Based on qualitative interviews with 12 FERIW, I explore how within the LMI space, racialized immigrant women are stripped of their foreign credentials, discursively framed as unqualified and deficient, and repurposed as a source of cheap labour within the political economy. Delegitimization carries severe material and socio-economic consequences. The intersectionality of race, ethnicity, gender, class, and immigrant status results in FERIW becoming “ghettoized” into low-paying, precarious, low-end jobs, and, for many of these women, low income and poverty. This work represents a decolonial work articulated through anti-colonial and feminist anti-racist theory, to present a nuanced historical account of the experiences of gendered racialized immigrant labour within global and local structures that look very similar to the old structures of colonialism.
Accepted: 2024-11-08T16:57:10Z

Scoundrels and Shirkers: Capitalism and Poverty in Britain - Clarke, John (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Scoundrels and Shirkers: Capitalism and Poverty in Britain," by Jim Silver.

Le Living lab, une démarche d’innovation au service de la qualité de vie et des conditions de travail ? - Cléty, Henry; Van Compernol, Hélène; Mortreux, Cindy; Soyez, Stéphane (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Menée au sein d’une collectivité territoriale, cette recherche-action visait à introduire une démarche Living lab dans un service de 42 agents. Reposant sur des principes de participation, de gouvernance partagée, d’apprenance et d’ateliers co-élaboratifs, la démarche a été impulsée adaptée dans l’objectif de traiter de la qualité de vie et des conditions de travail des agents. À partir de recueils de données effectués à intervalles réguliers au cours de la démarche, les analyses réalisées avec les acteurs témoignent d’une amélioration de la qualité de vie au travail et de leur appropriation de pratiques participatives et consultatives dans leur fonctionnement quotidien. Ces résultats s’expliquent a priori tant par les caractéristiques méthodologiques de la démarche (participation, co-élaboration, volontariat…) que par l’influence de déterminants organisationnels et managériaux propres à l’évolution du service (recrutement, investissements…). Cette étude illustre ainsi l’importance (i) des principes d’expression et de participation des travailleurs et (ii) de développer une recherche centrée sur les méthodes et processus de transformation et de changement organisationnel favorisant la qualité de vie et des conditions de travail. En outre, cette étude ouvre à de nombreux questionnements : à quelles conditions organisationnelles, méthodologiques ou psychosociales de tels processus peuvent-ils se pérenniser et s’inscrire dans la culture organisationnelle ? À quelles conditions une recherche-action en sciences sociales peut-elle être participative, et avec quelles limites ?
Keywords: Action research; Démarche participative; Living lab; Participatory Approach; Quality of Work Life; Qualité de vie au travail; Recherche-action

How the Dark Triad Affects Counterproductive Work Behaviour (CWB) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) in Israeli-Arab Healthcare Organizations - Cohen, Aaron; Abdo, Geries (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Few studies have examined the relationship between dark triad personality traits and behavioral outcomes in healthcare organizations. Recent literature has called for much more extensive research on this issue because the dark triad can negatively affect healthcare organizations. To this end, we examined how dark triad traits relate to counterproductive work behaviour (CWB) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), as reported by supervisors and nurses. We surveyed Arab nurses in Israel, specifically 267 nurses at Arab hospitals and retirement homes in the North of the country, and obtained a response rate of 57%. We found that CWB (nurse-reported) is positively associated with secondary psychopathy and negatively associated with narcissism. We also found that OCB (nurse-reported) is negatively associated with secondary psychopathy and positively associated with narcissism. Both primary psychopathy and Machiavellianism are weakly associated with CWB and OCB. We conclude that these destructive behaviours are detrimental to organizational effectiveness and might lead to low-quality patient care. They should be addressed by management.
Keywords: Arabes israéliens; Dark triad personalities; Israeli Arabs; Personnalités de la triade sombre; collectivist culture; comportement contre-productif au travail; comportement de citoyenneté organisationnelle; counterproductive work behaviour; culture collectiviste; organizational citizenship behaviour

Facing Precarity in Adult, Community, and Vocational Education: Role of Meaningful Work - Collister, Rupert Clive (IGI Global Scientific Publishing, 2024)
"This edited volume provides a comprehensive scan of the politics and policies that inform and shape precarity in adult, community, and vocational education. It will explore the in/adequacy of existing theories of adult and workplace education and professional development to capture the experiences of the precariat"– Provided by publisher
OCLC: 1509409147
Keywords: Adult education Case studies; Continuing education Case studies; Enseignement professionnel Études de cas; Vocational education Case studies; Éducation des adultes Études de cas; Éducation permanente Études de cas

Constructing the Family: Marriage and Work in Nineteenth-Century English Law - Comacchio, Cynthia (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Constructing the Family: Marriage and Work in Nineteenth-Century English Law," by Luke Taylor.

Temporary Foreign Workers Maritimes - Cooper Institute; Dalhousie University; St. Thomas University; United Food and Commercial Workers Canada; Madhu Verma Migrant Justice Centre (2024)
Migrant Workers in the Canadian Maritimes is a research and knowledge dissemination platform coordinated between Dalhousie University (Halifax, Nova Scotia), St. Thomas University (Fredericton, New Brunswick) and Cooper Institute (Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island). It involves the establishment of a collaboration amongst community allies: The Filipino-Canadian CommUNITY of New Brunswick (FCNB); KAIROS: Canadian Ecumenical Justice Initiatives (New Brunswick); United Food and Commercial Workers Union (UFCW); Madhu Verma Migrant Justice Centre; and intends to examine the health and safety of temporary foreign workers (TFWs). –Website description
https://www.cbc.ca/listen/live-radio/1-27/clip/16104380

Stéréotypes de genre et conflit entre travail et famille en Europe : une analyse sur plusieurs dimensions - Coron, Clotilde (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
La littérature existante s’est intéressée aux liens entre genre et conflit entre travail et famille, mais a peu exploré l’effet modérateur des stéréotypes de genre sur les effets différenciés du genre en fonction de la direction (conflit travail-famille et conflit famille-travail) et/ou de la dimension (temps, tension, comportements, cognition). La présente recherche utilise la dernière vague de l’enquête européenne sur les conditions de travail pour étudier l’effet modérateur des stéréotypes de genre à l’échelle nationale sur les effets du genre sur quatre combinaisons (direction x dimension) du conflit entre travail et famille. Cela permet de montrer que le conflit entre travail et famille est globalement moins élevé dans les pays caractérisés par une vision plus égalitaire du genre, et que, sur deux des quatre combinaisons, et sur le conflit global, cet effet est plus marqué pour les hommes que pour les femmes. Ces résultats nous permettent de discuter avec la littérature existante, à l’aune de la théorie des rôles de genre.
Keywords: Analyse statistique; Conflit travail-famille; Gender; Genre; Statistical analysis; Work-family conflict

Le capital algorithmique : accumulation, pouvoir et résistance à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle - Cossette, Samuel (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Le capital algorithmique : accumulation, pouvoir et résistance à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle," by Jonathan Durand Folco and Jonathan Martineau.

Solidarity with Animals at Work - Coulter, Kendra (Solidarity with Animals: Promises, Pitfalls, and Potential, 2024)
Spaces of work and economic activity cause the most significant and widespread harm to animals so are particularly significant when thinking about how to both understand and promote solidarity with animals. This chapter begins by establishing what ‘animals at work’ means and then reestablishes the importance of the concept of interspecies solidarity as both a process and goal. It expands on earlier analyses and suggests that the principles of equity and care offer complementary and compelling guidance and impetus to deepen and enrich the application of the concept of solidarity. There are three levels within which these ethical priorities can be translated into meaningful, material changes: the interpersonal, the organizational, and the governmental/legislative (or, the micro, meso, and macro level). Some workplace contexts are ethically indefensible and should be replaced through just humane jobs transitions. Others have more positive potential, and, in these cases, interspecies solidarity could result in meaningful changes.
https://global.oup.com/academic/product/solidarity-with-animals-9780198897941?cc=ca&lang=en&# https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198897941.003.0005 OCLC: 1408649118
Keywords: Animal welfare Moral and ethical aspects; Animaux Protection Aspect moral; Human-animal relationships; Solidarity

Le droit du travail en sociologie - Coutu, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Le droit du travail en sociologie," by Vincent-Arnaud Chappe and Jean-Philippe Tonneau.

Shaped by Boom-and-Bust: A History of the Canadian Mining Industry Since 1859 - Dallaire-Fortier, Clara (New Political Economy, 2024)
This article is concerned with the historical evolution of the mining industry in Canada since 1859. The focus is directed on changes that occurred in the industry and allows for the identification of four distinct mining regimes. These regimes are defined using the Regulation Theory, which connects conditions of production, technical progress, financial structures, and social relations. The identification of regimes gives a portrait of continuity and change in the industry. Continuity is present in the active role of the state, the legal framework based on Free Mining Principle and persistent speculation in the industry. Change is illustrated in price cycle, labour share and technological innovation. Interestingly, through time, price cycles have very different outcomes in financial and real economic terms. The most recent upswing in the late 1990s resulted in a punctual increase of financial assets but no significant increase in employment. Through this discussion, it becomes evident that the mechanisms underlying continuity and change have implications on the nature of state intervention and on the distribution of power between the corporate and regional actors like the workers and indigenous communities.
Keywords: Canada; Regulation theory; labour; mining; price cycle

Unionization Rates, Inequality, and Poverty in Canadian Provinces 2000–2020 - Das, Anupam; Hudson, Ian; Hudson, Mark (Capital & Class, 2024)
Unions can increase the power of workers through both collective bargaining and political avenues, potentially creating less income inequality and poverty. However, this potential may not be realized. Drawing on power resource theory, this study uses panel data to investigate the connection between unionization and two measures of after-tax inequality – the income share of the top 1% and the Gini coefficient – and three measures of poverty – the percentage of the population below the low-income cut-off, the average income of the bottom decile, and the percent of the population below the low-income measure – between Canadian provinces from 2000 to 2020. We find that unionization is negatively associated with income inequality in Canada. This relationship is statistically significant. However, we do not find evidence of any statistical association between unionization and poverty in Canada.

An Accidental History of Canada - Davies, Megan Jean; Hudson, Geoffrey L. (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2024)
Although Canadian history has no shortage of stories about disasters and accidents, the phenomenon of risk, upset, and misfortune has been largely overlooked by historians. Disasters get their due, but not so the smaller scale accident where fate is more intimate. Yet such events often have a vivid afterlife in the communities where they happen, and the way in which they are explained and remembered has significant social, cultural, and political meaning. An Accidental History of Canada brings together original studies of an intriguing range of accidents stretching from the 1630s to the 1970s. These include workplace accidents, domestic accidents, childhood accidents, and leisure accidents in colonial, Indigenous, rural, and urban settings. Whether arising from colonial power relations, urban dangers, perils in resource extraction, or hazardous recreations, most accidents occur within circumstances of vulnerability, and reveal precarity and inequities not otherwise apparent. Contributors to this volume are alert to the intersections of the settler agenda and the elevation of risk that it brought. Indigenous and settler ways of understanding accidents are juxtaposed, with chapters exploring the links between accidents and the rise of the modern state. An Accidental History of Canada makes plain that whether they are interpreted as an intervention by providence, a miscalculation, inevitability, or the result of observable risk, accidents–and our responses to them–reveal shared values. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1411221203
Keywords: Accidents Canada Histoire; Accidents Canada History

Where are the Workers? Labor's Stories at Museums and Historic Sites - Dean, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Where are the Workers? Labor's Stories at Museums and Historic Sites," edited by Robert Forrant and Mary Anne Trasciatti.

Les modes managériales favorisent-elles le harcèlement moral ? Une étude juridico-gestionnaire de la jurisprudence française - Deharo, Gaëlle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Les modes managériales entraînent des modifications des pratiques organisationnelles. Ces modifications sont d’autant plus rapides que le cycle de vie des modes managériales s’accélère et se raccourcit, favorisant les changements organisationnels. Partant du lien existant entre l’organisation du travail et la santé des salariés, en particulier en matière de harcèlement moral l’objectif de cet article est d’examiner le lien entre les modes managériales et le harcèlement moral. À partir de l’analyse exhaustive de la jurisprudence, cette étude montre une relation ambivalente entre le harcèlement moral et les modes managériales. Si, en effet, il n’est pas possible d’établir une corrélation directe entre les deux, l’analyse montre que l’adoption d’une pratique à la mode entraine des changements organisationnels, qui constituent eux-mêmes un terreau fertile pour le harcèlement moral. Ces conséquences, pourtant, sont peu interrogées par la littérature sur le harcèlement, qui ignore les modes managériales, comme par la littérature sur les modes managériales, qui remet peu en question l’implémentation des pratiques et limite l’analyse à l’alternative adoption / rejet des pratiques à la mode.
Keywords: harcèlement managérial; harcèlement moral; institutional life; management; managerial harassment; managerial methods; modes managériales; moral harassment; vie institutionnelle

Good Grievance - Dekker, Jennifer (CAUT Journal, 2024)
After failing to resolve an association grievance by means of mediation and collective bargaining, the Association of Professors of the University of Ottawa signed a Letter of Understanding transferring grievance settlement to library council. This decision was both novel and carried risks, but ultimately led to unionized librarians using both the forum and worker voice effectively. This article explains the grievance, explores the concept of worker voice - including the cost of using voice - and questions whether library councils are conducive to voice. I also describe the member engagement that was necessary for librarians to participate in grievance resolution and offer advice on conditions that supported effective grievance resolution.
Keywords: collegial governance; grievance; library council

Introduction - Dekker, Jennifer (CAUT Journal, 2024)
Introduction to the CAUT Journal special themed issue on post-secondary information workers in Canada.
Keywords: archivists; information workers; librarians

How Belonging to a Minority Group, Receiving a Hiring Decision, and Getting Feedback on Test Results Affect the Intention to File a Complaint: The Mediating Role of Perceived Discrimination in Hiring - Denis, Pascale; Cossette, Michel; Stamate, Alina; Haeck-Pelletier, Justine; Sauvé, Geneviève (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Objective indicators, such as minority hiring rates or number of complaints, often fail to fully represent actual discrimination in hiring processes, particularly against racial and ethnic minorities (McGonagle et al., 2016). Despite legal efforts in Quebec to increase employment of minorities, their ongoing underrepresentation points to the need to examine discrimination in terms of perceived experiences. In line with Anderson (2011), we investigated perceived discrimination in hiring (PDH), its predictors and its effect on the intention to file a discrimination complaint, rather than solely considering actual complaints. Using a quasi-experimental design, we simulated a fictitious hiring process with 361 students from French-speaking Canadian universities. First, we confirmed the three dimensions of the recently developed PDH scale: differential treatment; breach of psychological contract; and non-competency-based assessment (Haeck-Pelletier, 2022). Second, using structural equation modelling (SEM), we found mediation effects: PDH scores were higher across all dimensions when a candidate belonged to a minority group, received a negative hiring decision or did not receive feedback on test results. However, only differential treatment predicted a candidate’s intention to file a complaint. In addition to this first empirical test of Anderson’s model, the results suggest that organizations should address perceptions of unfair treatment due to minority group membership by identifying and modifying the practices that contribute to them. The eventual outcome would be a more representative workforce.
Keywords: decision; discrimination; feedback; hiring; minority group; perception

Popular Radicalism and the Unemployed in Chicago during the Great Depression - Dennis, Michael (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Popular Radicalism and the Unemployed in Chicago during the Great Depression," by Chris Wright.

Conjuguer distance et présence : la réponse du personnel de la fonction publique à l’égard du travail hybride - Deschênes, Andrée-Anne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Dans la foulée de l’expérience de télétravail obligatoire vécue pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 et pour tirer profit à la fois des avantages du télétravail et du travail en présence, de nombreuses organisations ont récemment embrassé le travail hybride. La fonction publique québécoise s’est engagée dans cette voie, en déployant une politique-cadre en matière de télétravail qui régule le nombre de jours de télétravail hebdomadaires. La récence du déploiement à large échelle de cette modalité d’organisation du travail appelle à mieux comprendre ses effets sur la réponse attitudinale du personnel. Prenant appui sur le modèle d’acceptation de la technologie et sur la théorie du signal, cet article vise à examiner la réponse perceptuelle et attitudinale du personnel au travail hybride. À partir de données quantitatives et qualitatives collectées en octobre 2022 auprès du personnel professionnel de la fonction publique et parapublique (n = 3 904), les résultats montrent l’effet positif de l’agréabilité perçue et de l’utilité perçue d’une journée de travail en présence sur la satisfaction à l’égard du travail hybride. La satisfaction à l’endroit du travail hybride influence positivement l’adéquation personne/organisation. L’adéquation personne/organisation exerce un effet positif sur l’engagement organisationnel ainsi que sur la satisfaction au travail. Elle joue un rôle médiateur dans la relation entre la satisfaction envers l’expérience de travail hybride et l’engagement organisationnel, ainsi qu’entre la satisfaction envers l’expérience de travail hybride et la satisfaction au travail. Les résultats qualitatifs témoignent de l’absence de valeur ajoutée des jours de travail en présence, d’une insatisfaction à l’égard du manque de flexibilité et d’une perception positive à l’égard des avantages du télétravail. Ces résultats ajoutent aux connaissances empiriques quant à l’appréciation de l’adéquation personne/organisation dans un contexte de travail hybride. Ils contribuent aux connaissances managériales en soulignant l’importance de considérer les attentes et les valeurs du personnel dans le déploiement des pratiques et politiques organisationnelles.
Keywords: Travail hybride; adéquation personne/organisation; engagement; fonction publique; satisfaction au travail; théorie du signal; télétravail

Queer Oral Histories of Deindustrializing Cape Breton - Devitt, Liam (Concordia University, 2024)
Queer history in Canada has often centred around metropolitan areas, like Toronto and Montreal, usually foregrounding social movements. This means that queer histories of the periphery are often overlooked, and that histories of metropole are taken as representative of the national context. In this thesis, I examine queer oral histories of Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Through these oral histories I aim to complicate dominant narratives in both queer history and histories of deindustrialization in Canada. Cape Breton is a former steel and coal region in Nova Scotia that underwent a comparatively slow, state-managed deindustrialization in the latter half of the 20th century. Today, like in deindustrialized areas across the world, the “structure of feeling” of industrial life remains, despite plant and mine closure. Often, histories of deindustrialization center around a mythologized white male (and indubitably heterosexual) breadwinner, centering not just workers, but the specific function that masculine industrial labour played in the social reproduction of the Fordist accord in the household. By taking up the life stories of queer people, we can critically examine this centring of the nuclear family in deindustrialization studies. In the first chapter, I offer a theoretical and historiographical intervention arguing for a queer investigation of deindustrialization. In the second chapter, I apply this line of thinking to oral histories of Cape Breton queers, arguing that these narrators’ desires for queer history and queer future are ultimately filtered through the prism of deindustrialization’s half-life.

Perceptions de justice et santé au travail. L’organisation à l’épreuve. Collection Inégalité et justice sociale - Dompierre, Johanne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Perceptions de justice et santé au travail. L’organisation à l’épreuve," edited by Stéphane Moulin.

The Making of Blindness in Ontario: Incarceration and Class Formation, 1872–1926 - Dressler, Harrison (Queen's University, 2024)
This thesis examines the experiences of pupils-cum-inmates who attended the Ontario Institution for the Education of the Blind (OIB) during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Customary assessments of segregated education, which investigate administrators’ campaigns to implement pedagogical or curricular advancements, have characterized institutionalization as educational and emancipatory. Instead, this project challenges identity-centric, rights-based narratives by reframing the OIB as constitutive of Ontario’s carceral apparatus. Drawing upon first-person testimony gathered during four investigations into the OIB conducted by the Government of Ontario, the analysis demonstrates that capitalist development dispossessed blind Canadians from waged labour, generating an underclass of precarious and oft-wageless proletarians. Institutionalization socialized the workers-in-training within a prison-like environment where punishments like whippings and beatings, solitary confinement, and material deprivation were commonplace. Educational opportunities were haphazard and irregular, while living and working conditions were uncomfortable, bordering on intolerable. Biomedical understandings of blindness rationalized the mistreatment of inmates, as administrators attempted to reintegrate graduates into waged labour. Children and adolescents survived by developing cultures of delinquency and transgression; inmates, especially working-class inmates, organized popular resistance movements that challenged institutional authority. Educational authorities responded by overseeing the repression of working-class culture. By funneling graduates into either working-class occupations or “gentlemanly” and “learned” professions, institutionalization fomented processes of class formation, creating, first, an underclass of labourers and musicians and, second, a vanguard of capitalists and professionals.

Essential or Excluded? Union Pressures and State Responses to Platform Work in Three Liberal Market Economies - Duggan, James; O’Sullivan, Michelle; O’Sullivan, Maeve (Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 2024)
The COVID-19 pandemic led to renewed discussion of decent work for people at the margins of the labour market. This article explores public policy on platform workers across three liberal market economies, namely the United Kingdom, Canada and Ireland, taking the pandemic as a focal point. Liberal market economies are generally difficult environments for unions, and we examine the nature of union political pressure on the state to enhance protections for platform workers and the extent to which policy has changed in each state. We find uneven levels of such union pressure, with the most limited attention afforded by Irish unions. In the United Kingdom, the unions did exert some influence through strategic litigation, creating a policy problem for the government. More progressive policies are evident in Canada, where the government recognises that platform workers’ precarious position has undesirable consequences for the state.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/10242589241231731?icid=int.sj-full-text.citing-articles.6

Regards croisés sur la grève d'Amoco à Hawkesbury, une histoire ouvrière de l'Ontario français - Durocher, Kathleen (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Regards croisés sur la grève d'Amoco à Hawkesbury, une histoire ouvrière de l'Ontario français," by Andréane Gagnon.

« Presque tous les ans, on a demandé l’aide de la milice » : la répression dans les conflits ouvriers au Québec, 1840–1909 - Durou, Guillaume (Journal of Canadian Studies, 2024)
La période d’avant-guerre au Québec est traversée d’intenses conflits de travail et d’épisodes de répression sans précédent. Sa complexité amène la sociologie historique à reculer dans le temps, s’interroger sur la militarisation des lieux de travail et l’expérience de la violence au sein de l’espace urbain et examiner comment ces derniers s’articulent autour du développement du capitalisme et de la formation de l’État. En partant des années 1840, cet article cherche à problématiser sur la longue durée la répression militaire dans le contexte de luttes ouvrières à partir de grèves clés et de mieux comprendre les dynamiques politique et économique de la répression.

Unjust Transition: The Future for Fossil Fuel Workers - Eaton, Emily; Stevens, Andrew; Tucker, Sean (Fernwood Publishing, 2024)
In 2019, Regina’s Co-op Refinery Complex (CRC), a subsidiary of Federated Co-operative, locked out Unifor Local 594 after collective bargaining negotiations failed. CRC used the transition to a “low carbon” future as the justification for concessions on working conditions and reducing the workers' pension plan. The lockout demonstrates what a “just transition” means to fossil fuel corporations: rollbacks of collective bargaining, worker rights, cooperative spirit and environmental justice. In the name of a new future, Federated Co-operative and the Saskatchewan government trampled all over important worker rights — the right to strike and picket, occupational health and safety, pensions and collective bargaining. It also highlights the sorry state of co-operative values in Canada. As corporations and governments are poised to make a transition that will be detrimental to workers and communities, this books argues that solidarity between unions and community movements is absolutely necessary to make the transition away from fossil fuels a just one. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1405365069
Keywords: Collective bargaining Saskatchewan Regina; Grèves et lock-out Pétrole Industrie et commerce Saskatchewan Regina; Labor unions Saskatchewan Regina; Négociations collectives Saskatchewan Regina; Petroleum industry and trade Saskatchewan Regina; Petroleum refineries Saskatchewan Regina; Pétrole Industrie et commerce Saskatchewan Regina; Pétrole Raffineries Saskatchewan Regina; Strikes and lockouts Petroleum industry Saskatchewan Regina; Syndicats Saskatchewan Regina

Maritime Mastery: An Appendage of the West Indian Plantation and New England in Colonial Canada - Eaton, Jesse R. (University of Calgary`, 2024)
Scholarship on the development of slavery in the colonial Maritimes region during the pre-Loyalist period remains scarce, with even fewer studies examining slave ownership. By situating the expansion of slaveholding in the region (that makes up present-day Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island) within the Atlantic world socio-economic context, I show how Maritime society reproduced anti-Black attitudes and slaving practices found in West Indian slave societies. Through trading and social relationships with New Englanders, the region’s colonisation became tethered to the Caribbean. New England’s commercial dependence on West Indian plantations beginning in 1637, and expanding thereafter, fostered intra-regional mercantile and military ventures, bringing their Caribbean partnerships into the Maritimes after the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The social aspects of these commercial interactions reveal how settling New Englanders transplanted their ideological, interpersonal, and familial connections to the Caribbean and their slaveholding norms to the Maritimes. By comparing Maritime slave-owning practices to those found in the West Indies, we see Maritime slaveholding to be, in many ways, a mere extension of the plantation regime.

Who Killed Sir William? A Community-University Research Alliance Seeks Justice for Injured Workers - Endicott, Marion; Mantis, Steve (FriesenPress, 2024)
In 1910, Sir William Meredith led a Royal Commission to investigate the injury, death, and permanent disability of workers. In response to his findings, Meredith helped introduce a new system of compensation for injured and disabled workers that emphasized their rights and well-being. But today, Sir William’s principles appear to be dead: injured and disabled workers often end up living in poverty and are viewed with stigma by those who should be providing them with service. What happened? How can we find out the experiences and needs of injured and disabled workers, and how can the necessary changes be put into action? To answer such questions, the Research Action Alliance on the Consequences of Work Injury (RAACWI), a community-based research initiative that brought advocates, injured workers, and academics together, was formed. Who Killed Sir William? provides an engaging look at RAACWI’s eight years of groundbreaking work and what a successful community-academia partnership looks like to inform and inspire fellow academics, advocates, and community. Its discussion includes (and goes beyond): Developing a trusting, productive, community-advocate-academic relationship; successes such as the production of over twenty research publications and a speakers school for injured workers; the use of diverse teaching methods, including skits and theatre pieces; [and] some of the challenges RAACWI faced (and how they overcame them). In Who Killed Sir William? authors Marion Endicott and Steve Mantis not only offer insight on the systemic assailants, but also lay out a process of addressing them. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1440002494

Part of the Solution? Indigenous Apprentices and the Unionized Building Trades: The Way of the International Union of Operating Engineers, Local 793 - Fernandes, Gilberto (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
There have never been more favourable conditions for drawing Indigenous workers into the unionized building trades. The construction industry needs to replenish and diversify its overwhelmingly white, male, and aging workforce to meet skilled labour demands in the next few decades, when major civil infrastructure, mining, and green energy developments are expected to occur in northern Indigenous territories. These projects will be mandated by impact benefit agreements to employ a significant number of Indigenous workers who will first need to be trained. At the same time, Indigenous peoples are the fastest-growing population in Canada and have shown a propensity for pursuing trades education. In recent years, Ontario's largest building trade unions have taken significant steps to recruit, train, and employ northern Indigenous workers, including in Nunavut. In collaboration with various stakeholders, the unions' efforts are starting to show positive results. But are their methods and goals informed by decolonization, reconciliation, and Indigenization? This article reflects on this question while examining the case of the International Union of Operating Engineers Local 793, which has been a leader among building trades unions when it comes to establishing relationships with Indigenous partners, training Indigenous workers, and contributing to their economic self-determination.
Keywords: Autochtones; Indigenization; Indigenous; apprenticeships; apprentissage; autochtonisation; building trades; bénéfices communautaires; community benefits; decolonization; décolonisation; employment equity; formation professionnelle; métiers de la construction; reconciliation; réconciliation; skills training; syndicats; trade unions; équité en emploi

Humans: The 300,000 Year Struggle for Equality - Finkel, Alvin (Lorimer, 2024)
For 300,000 years humans have pushed for equality in their societies. For the first time ever, historian Alvin Finkel brings together the evidence to tell the story of the 99% who have constantly sought to live in a society of equals. This is a history of humanity like it's never been told before. Historian Alvin Finkel builds on the work of archaeologists, anthropologists and historians to present the very long view of the history of the human species. His focus is not on the leaders whose exploits are recounted in traditional histories, but rather on the experiences of ordinary people, the 99%, whose experiences and activities are often overlooked. In the extensive research of many contemporary scholars, Alvin Finkel notes a common thread which most historians have ignored: the constant efforts of ordinary people throughout history to create and sustain societies based on equality of all individuals. Contrary to traditional historical writing, he finds that the earliest human communities usually treated all individuals as equals. In the histories of societies all around the world, he records how individuals who found ways to gain wealth and power have faced constant, often successful, resistance from the rest. From the first recorded communities in Mesopotamia to the COVID-19 pandemic, this book features the resistances, uprisings, struggles, and solidarities of the majority against those seeking to dominate. The result is a fresh and challenging interpretation of the history of our species, one that casts a new light on the true nature of humans. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1434110887
Keywords: Equality History

A Thumb on the Scale: Alberta Government Interference in Public-Sector Bargaining - Foster, Jason; Barnetson, Bob; Cake, Susan (University of Alberta, Parkland Institute, 2024)
This report examines the ways governments, and specifically the Government of Alberta, interfere in public-sector collective bargaining through both legislative measures and non-legislative actions. It also explores how this growing interference may impact the 2024 bargaining round in Alberta.

From Advice to “Secret Mandates”: The Evolution of Government Intervention in Public-Sector Bargaining in Alberta, Canada - Foster, Jason; Barnetson, Bob; Cake, Susan (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Governments in Canada are increasingly using multiple tools to advance their political agenda at the expense of free collective bargaining in the public sector. Legislative intervention has long been a strategy to curtail bargaining rights (Evans et al., 2023). Recently, governments have turned to non-legislative means to influence bargaining outcomes. This article is about the use of a coordination office, a decidedly non-legislative tactic, and how, over two rounds of negotiations, it transformed public-sector bargaining in Alberta. Bargaining has been further transformed by enactment of a legal requirement to keep the government’s mandates secret, the outcome being increased frustration among union representatives and potential damage to long-term relationships. Together, these measures have provided the government with a powerful means of influence, which, if successful, could spread to other jurisdictions.
Keywords: government intervention; permanent exceptionalism; public-sector collective bargaining

Hommage à Raymond Léger, 1955–2023 - Frank, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Tribute to the life and work of the union activist and social historian, Raymond Léger, who was also a member of Labour/Le Travail's editorial board.

The Things of Life: Materiality in Late Soviet Russia - Fraser, Erica L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "The Things of Life: Materiality in Late Soviet Russia," by Alexey Golubev.

Le rôle du job-crafting dans la transition professionnelle vers une nouvelle identité religieuse : accompagner la réconciliation identitaire ? - Gaillard, Hugo (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
L’expression de l’identité religieuse au travail a longtemps été une thématique négligée, malgré un regain d’intérêt croissant. Cette recherche répond à l’appel d’une vision plus dynamique de l’objet pour comprendre comment les personnes concilient religiosité et professionnalité dans des contextes plus ou moins contraignants. Nous étudions le cas de travailleurs qui se convertissent à une nouvelle religion au cours de leur carrière. À travers une méthodologie qualitative et longitudinale, nous suivons 22 personnes converties à l’islam travaillant dans des entreprises françaises, à travers trois entretiens sur un an (66 entretiens). Les résultats montrent l’existence de plusieurs formes de job-crafting identitaire, qui conduisent à quatre grandes stratégies de réconciliation entre identité religieuse et identité professionnelle. La recherche établit un lien original entre les transitions identitaires, sur l’identité religieuse et sur le job-crafting.
Keywords: Identity transition; Transition identitaire; identity-based job crafting; identité professionnelle; identité religieuse; job crafting; job crafting identitaire; longitudinal qualitative study; professional identity; religious identity; étude qualitative longitudinale

La violence ouvrière au tribunal – Étude des injonctions contre les piquets de grève au Québec (2002–2023) - Gallié, Martin (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Based on an analysis of judgments on the motion for issuance of an injunction order against strike pickets rendered by the Quebec Superior Court between 2002 and 2023, this article shows that it has been extremely rare for judges to note serious acts of violence, such as beatings, injuries and dangerous acts of vandalism. On the other hand, a threatening look, the appearance or risk of any nuisance can always be qualified by the Court as intimidation, a threat, violence, a wrongful act, irreparable harm, and can justify limiting the right to picket in its simplest form of expression. We then defend the hypothesis that these orders granted in an almost mechanical manner are totally disproportionate, that they sanction workers in an indiscriminate and preventive manner, to the point of undermining the very essence of the right to picket, and this, in violation of the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly of workers recognized by the Supreme Court.
Keywords: Québec labour movement; freedom of demonstration; freedom of expression; freedom of peaceful assembly; injunction; intimidation; lockout; picket lines; picketing; sabotage; strike; vandalism; violence

Discrimination professionnelle, croyance en un monde juste et désengagement vis-à-vis du travail - Gangloff, Bernard; Fares, Rabie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Cette recherche examine l’impact d’une privation relative sur la croyance en un monde juste et sur le désengagement vis-à-vis du travail. Deux études ont été menées, dans chacune desquelles deux groupes de Français d’origine maghrébine ont été confrontés à une situation dans laquelle ils devaient se mettre à la place d’un Français d’origine maghrébine indiquant avoir déjà été victime de discrimination vs déclarant n’en avoir jamais subi. Dans la première étude, ce Français essuyait un refus de promotion au profit d’un Français de souche (privation intergroupale) alors que dans la seconde c’était au profit d’un autre Français d’origine maghrébine (privation intragroupale). Les participants répondaient alors à un questionnaire de croyance en un monde juste et de désengagement vis-à-vis du travail. Il est constaté que dans la situation intergroupale, les participant(e)s de la condition « Négation de discrimination » et ceux de la condition « Reconnaissance de discrimination » ne se différencient sur aucune des deux variables dépendantes. En revanche, dans la situation intragroupale, les participants placés dans la condition « Négation de discrimination » croient davantage en un monde juste et dévaluent plus le travail que ceux de la condition « Reconnaissance de discrimination ». De plus, la croyance en un monde juste (VM) semble médiatiser la relation entre le type d’attribution (VI) et la dévaluation du travail (VD). Ces résultats sont confrontés à ceux de la littérature et discutés sur le plan de leurs implications.
Keywords: Attribution; comparaison intergroupe; comparaison intragroupe; privation relative

Employee Turnover and Company Value: Were European Companies Equally Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic? - Garsaa, Aziza (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Summary: In this study, we sought to identify how employee turnover affected company value in a sample of 254 European listed companies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We specifically tested the hypothesis that the most profitable and socially responsible companies withstood the pandemic better. We then complemented our analysis by identifying potential sectoral differences. We analyzed the association between employee turnover and company value by using a quantile regression model to determine this association at each point of the conditional distribution of company value. All of our financial and non-financial data for the 2019-2020 period were extracted from the Bloomberg database. We found a negative association between employee turnover and company value before and during the pandemic. The additional costs of employee turnover may have therefore reduced stock market values. The negative association weakened considerably during the pandemic for those companies that had the lowest company value, possibly because of the government support and guarantees they received during the lockdowns. Our sectoral analysis showed a stronger effect on traditional industries with intensive human interactions than on modern industries with predominantly virtual interactions. Estimation results from more profitable companies showed a positive association before the pandemic, perhaps because they had an ‘optimal’ level of employee turnover that maximized their productivity and performance and, thus, their stock market value. This association completely reversed during the pandemic, perhaps because their higher profitability was not sufficient to dampen the negative effect of the increase in employee turnover. For the most profitable and socially responsible companies, the same association was much stronger both before and during the pandemic. For almost all of the companies, the estimated coefficients of employee turnover were positive before the pandemic but became negative for those companies that had the lowest stock market values during the pandemic. This study enriches the existing literature by being the first one to show how employee turnover affected the company value of European listed firms before and during the pandemic. It also provides new evidence that this association varied with the level of sectoral sensitivity to the pandemic and was much stronger for the most profitable and socially responsible companies.
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; company profitability; company value; employee turnover; quantile regression; social responsibility

Le parcours d'un insatiable historien (Guy Gaudreau, 2024)
Ce livre retrace en 15 chapitres le parcours de l'historien Guy Gaudreau qui a choisi les textes les plus représentatifs de sa carrière. –Quatrième de couverture
OCLC: 1483090549
Keywords: Ethnomycologie; Forêts Exploitation Ontario (Nord-Est); Gaudreau; Guy; 1953-; Grève de la Compagnie internationale de papier du Canada; Rouyn-Noranda; Québec; 1934; Mineurs d'or Ontario Kirkland Lake Histoire; Villeray (Montréal; Québec) Histoire

Migrant Agricultural Workers’ Experiences of Support in Three Migrant‐Intensive Communities in Canada | Article | Social Inclusion - George, Glynis; Lozanski, Kristin; Mayell, Stephanie; Caxaj, Susana (Social Inclusion, 2024)
Canada has intensified its reliance on temporary foreign workers, including migrant agricultural workers (MAWs) who have contributed to its agriculture sector, rural economies, and food security for decades. These workers live and work in rural communities across Canada for up to two years. Thousands of MAWs engage in recurring cyclical migration, often returning to the same rural communities in Canada for decades, while others are undocumented. Yet MAWs do not have access to the supports and services provided for immigrant newcomers and pathways for permanent residence. The exclusion of these workers from such entitlements, including labour mobility, reinforces their precarity, inhibits their sense of belonging, and reflects the stratification built into Canada’s migration regime. This article draws on interviews with 98 MAWs in three migrant‐intensive regions in southwestern Ontario to examine how workers construct and describe support in relation to co‐workers, employers, residents, and community organizations. Drawing on conceptualizations of support as an important vehicle for social connection and inclusion that comprises social and citizenship belonging, we document how the strategies MAWs employ to forge connections are enabled or undermined by Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program, community dynamics, and the broader forces of racialization, gender, and exclusion. This article contributes to the limited scholarship on the support landscape for MAWs, whose experiences foreground the contested nature of belonging and inclusion among migrant populations across smaller cities and rural areas.

Law at Work: The Coercion and Co-Option of the Working Class - Glasbeek, H. J. (Harry J.) (Between the Lines, 2024)
The renowned Harry Glasbeek unpacks how law has been used to ensure that workers' aspirations are kept in check. Law at Work uncovers how the legal system, through its structures and mechanisms, legitimizes and reinforces the exploitation of workers. Using historic and contemporary examples, Glasbeek illustrates how conscious manipulations of law are part and parcel of how law protects capitalists at the expense of workers. He proves how the very laws designed to safeguard rights and freedoms often act as invisible shackles, compelling readers to reflect on their own struggles as they navigate a world where the legal system fails to serve their interests. These manipulations are made to look innocent because the underlying structures and ideology which give rise to specific rules are not challenged or challengeable. This thought-provoking book is an indispensable resource for those seeking to understand the hidden dynamics of worker oppression, empowering readers to question prevailing narratives and envision a future where the law truly serves the interests of all. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1409492209
Keywords: Labor laws and legislation

Private Eyes, They See Your Every Move: Workplace Surveillance and Worker Well-Being - Glavin, Paul; Bierman, Alex; Schieman, Scott (Social Currents, 2024)
Despite a surge in the number of organizations using surveillance technology to monitor their workers, understanding of the health impacts of these technologies in the broader working population is limited. The current study addresses this omission using a novel measure of an individual’s overall perception of workplace surveillance, which enables it to be asked of all workers, rather than only those in specific occupations or work contexts that have historically been vulnerable to electronic performance monitoring. Structural equation modeling analyses based on a national sample of Canadian workers (N = 3,508) reveal that surveillance perceptions are indirectly associated with increased psychological distress and lower job satisfaction through stress proliferation. Findings demonstrate that the negative consequences of surveillance are explained by its positive association with three secondary work stressors: job pressures, reduced autonomy, and privacy violations. In the case of psychological distress, these stressors fully mediate a positive association with surveillance. The relationship between surveillance and job satisfaction is more complex, however, with the indirect effects of stress proliferation balanced out by a positive direct effect of surveillance on satisfaction. These results support the use of a stress process framework to examine how surveillance impacts worker well-being through stress proliferation.

The Confederation of Canadian Unions (CCU), 1969-1992 - Godden, Mason (McMaster University, 2024)
This dissertation provides the first historical overview of the Confederation of Canadian Unions (CCU) and its affiliates from 1969 to 1992. Formed at the end of the 1960s as a foil to the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC), the CCU sought to nationalize the Canadian labour movement by fomenting the formation of Canadian unions. As a left-nationalist labour body, the CCU charged the CLC with conservatism, complacency, and collaboration in its approach to organizing and collective bargaining. Chief among the CCU’s concerns was the domination of American international unions in the CLC. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the CCU organized workplaces in unorganized industries, bringing a host of immigrant women into the ranks of the Canadian labour movement, while establishing large bargaining units in industries primarily organized by American unions. At the same time, the CCU forwarded a left-nationalist politics inspired by the New Canadian Political Economy (NCPE) that criticized Canada’s economic, political, and cultural dependence on the United States, and used this politics to mobilize its members against continental free trade and towards a nationalized, socialized home economy. The CCU and its affiliates also formed important linkages with the New Left and the women’s movement during these decades and proved itself a militant actor in confrontations with the state and industrial law. Several CCU affiliates eventually merged with the Canadian Autoworkers (CAW) in the 1990s in the wake of extensive economic restructuring and corresponding changes in the Canadian labour movement. The dissertation contributes to the scholarship on industrial relations, industrial legality, and nationalism by providing a historical case study of a left-nationalist labour institution that simultaneously challenged and was shaped by federal and provincial law. It provides a critical institutionalist perspective on union federations that accounts for the law as a contested terrain, and nationalism as a historically contingent politics.

Longshore Labour and Radicalism - Goldfield, Michael (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews and comments on the books, "Harry Bridges: Labor Radical, Labor Legend" by Robert W. Cherny, "Labor under Siege: Big Bob McEllrath and the ILWU's Fight for Organized Labor in an Anti-Union Era," by Harvey Schwartz with Ronald Magden, "Under the Iron Heel: The Wobblies and the Capitalist War on Radical Workers," by Ahmed White.

Building That Bright Future: Soviet Karelia in the Life Writing of Finnish North Americans - Golubev, Alexey (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Building That Bright Future: Soviet Karelia in the Life Writing of Finnish North Americans," by Samira Saramo.

Gaining Political Legitimacy through Social Dialogue: The Interest Representation of European Employers’ Organizations - Gooberman, Leon; Hauptmeier, Marco (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
This article examines the interest representation of European Employers’ Organizations (EEOs) in the European Union (EU). Previous literature in employment relations focused on employer activity in social dialogue, while literature in political science focused on political representation and how business associations lobby EU political institutions. Going beyond this dualism in the literature, this article suggests that gaining a full understanding of the interest representation of European Employers Organizations requires analyzing interactions between the political and social dialogue arenas. We argue that EEOs gain legitimacy through participating in social dialogue to facilitate their primary focus of political interest representation. Strategic and institutional perspectives on legitimacy provide insights into how EEOs respond to challenges and manage their environment within the EU to pursue their interests.
Keywords: Dialogue Social; European Union; European employment relations; Lobbying; Légitimité; Organisations d’employeurs; Relations d’emploi Européennes; Représentation politique; Union Européene; employers’ organizations; legitimacy; lobbying; political representation; social dialogue

The Real Living Wage: Civil Regulation and the Employment Relationship - Greer, Ian (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "The Real Living Wage: Civil Regulation and the Employment Relationship," by Edmund Heery, Deborah Hann, and David Nash

Exploration de la relation marque employeur-fidélisation : le rôle et les composantes clés de l’expérience collaborateur - Grouille, Romuald (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Le concept de marque employeur (ME) suppose de communiquer une promesse d’emploi unique et désirable afin d’attirer puis fidéliser. La consistance de la ME dans le temps (perçue par les candidats puis vécue par les salariés) conditionnerait la fidélité. Pourtant, de récents travaux démontrent que la ME n’est pas consistante dans le temps, sans que cela n’affecte négativement la fidélité. La recherche demeure relativement aveugle aux facteurs expliquant cette évolution et ses effets, soit ce qui se joue durant l’expérience du collaborateur (EMX). Le concept d’EMX, élusif et peu stabilisé, souffre d’un manque de clarté théorique et de modalités d’investigations pratiques. Cette étude étudie ainsi des récits expérientiels de 40 informants sur une année de contrat, afin de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension et appréhension pratique de l’EMX et d’en apprécier les effets sur la ME et la fidélité. Les résultats permettent de valider quatre propriétés structurantes de l’EMX, clarifiant le concept et guidant son investigation : interactionnelle, enracinée, indéfinie et source d’apprentissage. Cette dernière propriété semble jouer un rôle crucial dans l’évolution des perceptions de la ME observées, et expliquer leurs effets sur la fidélité.
Keywords: contrat psychologique; employee experience; employer brand; expérience collaborateur; fidélisation; loyalty; marque employeur; psychological contract; retention; rétention

The National Federation of Labor Youth and the Candy Bar Kids: Radical Youth, Popular Protest, and the Red Scare in Postwar Canada - Guard, Julie (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Thousands of children and youth across the country took to the streets for two weeks in spring 1947 to protest a three-cent increase in the price of chocolate bars. The protest initially generated enthusiastic press coverage and had widespread popular support, but when the National Federation of Labor Youth (nfly), the Communist Party's youth organization, announced its support, anti-communists in the press and the community red-baited the protesters. The campaign quickly lost momentum, which anti-communists attributed to the presence of Communists but was more likely due to their own red-baiting attacks in the press. Some of these protests were spontaneous reactions to a 40 per cent increase in the price of candy bars, while others were led or inspired by nfly. Either way, the countrywide mobilization of thousands of children and youth marks a turning point in the history of Canada's left. Erupting in tandem with a nationwide strike of industrial workers and protests of activist consumers demanding greater economic security and a more responsive state, the children's chocolate bar protest provides a window on this critical moment in the class struggle. The attacks on this popular protest at the moment that the long run of community-based militancy was about to be demonized, delegitimated, and silenced by red-baiting marks a significant milestone in Canada's Cold War. In addition to adding the youngsters' challenge to capital and the state to the history of the popular left, the event contributes to the growing literature on children and youth engaged in political protest, while their creative protest strategies offer a youthful dimension to the study of performance activism.
Keywords: Communist youth; Jeunesses communistes; boycotts; children; chocolat; chocolate; class struggle; enfants; lutte des classe; militantisme de performance; performance activism; prices; prix; protest; protestation

Ontario Public Service Employment & Labour Law - Hadwen, Timothy; Strang, David (Irwin Law, 2024)
This book deals with the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act and the Public Service Act, the statutes that primarily govern unionized and non-unionized employment and labour relations in the Ontario Public Service and Crown Agencies. This updated edition provides a full review of all sections, and all judicial and arbitral consideration, of both acts. It also discusses the unique treatment of the Crown and its employees in the Public Sector Labour Relations Transition Act and the Employment Standards Act. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1401643142
Keywords: Civil service; Civil service Ontario; Collective labor agreements Government employees; Collective labor agreements Government employees Ontario; Employee-management relations in government Law and legislation; Employee-management relations in government Law and legislation Ontario; Labor laws and legislation; Labor laws and legislation Ontario; Ontario

Les emplois du care : reflet d’une gestion des ressources humaines exclusive ? - Hallée, Yves; Delattre, Miguel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Ce texte s’inscrit dans une perspective critique où, à la lumière des différentes évolutions et changements, le moment semble opportun pour appeler à un réexamen ou à un renouveau de la gestion des ressources humaines (Delbridge et Keenoy, 2010 ; Hallée, Taskin et Vincent, 2018). La Critical Human Resource Management est une posture qui remet en cause le discours managérial dominant et qui valorise les voix exclues de la réflexion en GRH (Delbridge et Keenoy, 2010). Ces préoccupations sont liées à une tradition de critique humaniste, notamment l’injustice sociale et la remise en question des systèmes sociaux et économiques que des entreprises servent et reproduisent (Adler, Forbes et Willmott, 2007). Les enjeux liés au genre, à l’inégalité, à la gouvernance, au pouvoir et à la domination font partie du questionnement (ibid., Lee Ashcraft, 2009). Nous avons mobilisé la théorie de critique de la justice sociale de Fraser où des enjeux de citoyenneté, de reconnaissance, de redistribution et de participation y sont notamment discutés (Fraser, 1989). Ces concepts, que nous associons à des pratiques de GRH, ont fait l’objet d’une recherche à partir d’emplois du care qui sont à prédominance féminine. L’un des problèmes fondamentaux de la dévalorisation du travail « dit » féminin repose sur l’idée que les activités professionnelles similaires aux divers types de travaux à domicile sont naturelles chez la femme et donc, issues de dispositions biologiques plutôt que de compétences acquises (Kymlicka, 1999). Nos résultats montrent que les disparités de traitement pour les emplois du care pourraient s’assimiler, dans les faits, à une exclusion déguisée, malgré des discours contraires. Les titulaires des emplois du care ne participent pas suffisamment à l’interaction sociale sur un même pied d’égalité, considérant les obstacles institutionnalisés formels et informels liés à la reconnaissance, à la redistribution et à la participation.
Keywords: Care jobs; Distribution; Emploi du care; Inclusion/exclusion; Participation; Recognition; Reconnaissance; Remuneration; Rémunération

Le Québec en mouvements : Continuité et renouvellement des pratiques militantes - Hamel-Roy, Laurence (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Le Québec en mouvements : Continuité et renouvellement des pratiques militantes," by Pascale Dufour, Laurence Bherer, and Geneviève Pagé.

Progressive Labour Agenda for Manitoba: Eleven Policies to Improve Working Conditions and Social Wellbeing - Harney, Niall (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Manitoba Office, 2024)
The Progressive Labour Agenda is intended to provide Manitoba policy makers with a set of clear policy measures to improve the conditions of work for Manitobans while promoting overall well-being in our province. These policy measures respond directly to issues in labour and employment such as the proliferation of low-wage work, gaps in employment standards and health and safety enforcement, declining private sector union coverage, and inequities experienced by women and migrant workers, among other issues. The policy options outlined in the Progressive Labour Agenda cover three major themes: 1) ensure access to unions and fair collective bargaining; 2) modernize labour legislation to close gaps in employment standards and improve conditions for non-unionized workers; and 3) improve workplace health and safety. These are ideas that are well supported by public policy research and that are actionable at the provincial level. –Website description
ISBN 978-1-77125-673-5

Indigenous Doulas: Exploitative Work While Caring for Our Relative - Hayward, Ashley; Wodtke, Larissa; Phanlouvong, Ari; Wiebe, Sandra; Kowalski, Kiera; Cidro, Jaime (Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 2024)
Indigenous doulas in Canada carry added responsibilities as they juggle with cultural and societal expectations to appropriately support their communities and extended relations. They not only face socioeconomic challenges as a result of doula care being excluded from the universal healthcare system, but also deal with the affective costs of caregiving. Through an Indigenous-centred intersectional lens, the idea of Indigenous doula work as exploitative labour is examined under four key areas: (1) the historical role of doulas in Indigenous communities; (2) colonial policies and processes that devalued Indigenous women; (3) colonial policies and processes that devalued birth workers, and; (4) challenges that Indigenous doulas face today. This study aims to provide context to the challenges faced by Indigenous doulas working within the dominant, Western medical system and confines of capitalism. The study concludes that the policies and processes that derived from these systems have led to the hardships imposed on Indigenous doulas, which reveal a need for policy solutions that recognize the value of Indigenous doulas in the healthcare system.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377945513_Indigenous_doulas_Exploitative_work_while_caring_for_our_relative
Keywords: Affective labour; Colonialism; Health equity; Indigenous doulas; Pregnancy and birthing

Not All Disability Is Created Equal: A Comparative Historiography of Workers' Compensation and Disability Benefits in Ontario, Canada - Heath, Bonita Lee (York University, 2024)
This dissertation establishes that work injury and injured workers are relatively neglected in Critical Disability Studies (CDS). A further observation is that CDS tends to avoid a class analysis of disability politics in favour of identitarian approaches. This research focuses on income security. Through a Marxist critical policy historiography, I compare workers’ compensation benefits and state-sponsored benefits for disabled people whose disabilities originated outside of the workplace in Ontario. I argue that the workers’ compensation program is superior to the state-sponsored program because of the class location and politics of the respective groups of people with disabilities seeking income security. The discussion also highlights some of the reasons for the missing injured worker in CDS. Specifically, injured workers experience disability as a loss worthy of compensation rather than a positive identity. Further, rather than viewing prevention measures as the erasure of disabled people, injured workers support the prevention of disability through occupational health and safety laws and workplace practices. By focusing on the political economy of each program, the historical narrative suggests that disability benefit programs in Ontario were developed less by moral suasion and more because of their role in capital accumulation. Although the argument holds for the early history of the two programs in their early history. the negative impact of neoliberalism on both workers’ compensation and the current benefits program in Ontario (the Ontario Disability Support Program) has created a convergence of interests between permanently impaired injured workers and other disabled people, underscoring the importance of including injured workers’ perspectives in CDS.

Solidarity Beyond Bars: Unionizing Prison Labour - Heggie, Clare (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Solidarity Beyond Bars: Unionizing Prison Labour," by Jordan House and Asaf Rashid.

Expanding Democratic Employee Ownership in Canada: Policy Options - Hemingway, Alex; Pek, Simon (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, BC Office, 2024)
We generally take for granted that everyone has the right to a say—and certainly a vote—in what our governments do. But in the workplaces that rule many of our waking hours, these democratic rights are largely absent. In a time of extreme inequality, deteriorating social cohesion and reduced trust in our institutions, why shouldn’t workers have more control over the firms they work in? Enabling employees to take more ownership and control in their working lives is a promising antidote. With advocacy from a broad coalition of supporters—including many business owners—the federal government has tabled legislation to create a new Employee Ownership Trust legal structure that makes it easier for business owners to sell firms to their employees. However, to tap the full potential of employee ownership, a much broader suite of policies is needed. This report examines what an ambitious public policy agenda would look like to unleash the promise of democratic employee ownership in Canada. –Website description

El Golpe: US Labor, the CIA, and the Coup at Ford in Mexico - Hernández, Carlos R. (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "El Golpe: US Labor, the CIA, and the Coup at Ford in Mexico," by Rob McKenzie and Patrick Dunne.

A Field in Flux: Sixty Years of Industrial Relations - Hilgert, Jeffrey (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "A Field in Flux: Sixty Years of Industrial Relations," by Robert B. McKersie.

“Thoroughly Impregnated with Bolshevik Philosophy”: Annie Buller’s Incarceration and Canadian Political Policing during World War II - Hinther, Rhonda L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Annie Buller makes for an interesting case study of Canada’s World War II security state and how it functioned vis-à-vis the Communist Party of Canada and its allies. Her experiences speak to gender, party history, and broader elements of political policing, community responses, and confinement experiences. Like her life, her wartime encounters with the Canadian security state were concurrently like and different from those of other criminalized female and male activists at the time about whom we know more. Among the apprehended and incarcerated, female or male, Buller was somewhat of an anomaly and warrants special attention. Buller’s particular situation helps to shed light on lesser-understood elements of the Communist wartime carceral experience, including the lack of trust officials had in these processes at times to accomplish the intended repression and important details about efforts to free those incarcerated. Ultimately, Buller’s case and the movement to liberate her and the other incarcerated members of the party illustrate the power of grassroots activism in challenging oppressive systems.
Keywords: Annie Buller; Communist Party of Canada; National Council for Democratic Rights; internment; political policing

The Impact of Sexual Harassment on Women's Health and Well‐Being: A Case for Studying the Casino Gaming Industry - Hoffman, Shekinah (Sociology Compass, 2024)
With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of social attitudes and mentalities, many Canadian women nowadays hold professions that have always been held exclusively by men. They have been able to integrate educational training, academic programs, and professional careers that have always been “masculine”, such as engineering, architecture, accounting, finance, military, trades, construction, and law enforcement, to name a few. Women in Canada have successfully performed and integrated these “masculine” professions. However, this integration was only a one-way street in many circumstances, not appreciated or accepted by men who considered it an invasion of their professional property and territory. Therefore, it unfortunately opens the door to bullying, discrimination, intimidation, and even sexual harassment. Sexual harassment of women in the workplace has always been persistent, especially in male-dominated industries. Not only does it harm women’s health, advancement, and career, but it also harms the organizations and their reputations. This research will investigate the impacts of sexual harassment on the overall health of women working in male-dominated industries in Canada.

Climate Change and Energy Transition: Perceptions of Emergency, Responsibility, and the Future Imaginaries of Manitoban Unionized Workers - Hudson, Mark (Futures, 2024)
This paper explores the perceptions and future imaginaries of a group of union members in Manitoba, Canada, concerning climate change, energy transition, and the roles of unions and workers in climate politics. Based on interviews with 30 rank and file workers carried out through the winter of 2020, the results suggest some starting points for a more active engagement between the labour movement and climate politics—an engagement that is central to climate justice, and that becomes more vital every moment as workers both participate through their waged labour in the production of ecological crisis, and stand to suffer intensely from both climate change and from elite-led energy transitions.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378645967_Climate_change_and_energy_transition_Perceptions_of_emergency_responsibility_and_the_future_imaginaries_of_Manitoban_unionized_workers
Keywords: Canada; Climate change; Unions; Workers; environmental justice; just transition

Experimental Regulation to Address Modern Slavery and Forced Labour in Global Supply Chains: Canada's Passage of Transparency Modern Slavery Legislation - Humphrey, Jonelle (McMaster University, 2024)
Embargoed until: 2025-11-29 This thesis explores Canada’s regulatory response to modern slavery in global supply chains. It investigates the factors which influenced Canada to enact transparency modern slavery legislation. It also analyzes Canada’s strategy of utilizing multiple soft and hard law governance and regulatory techniques to strengthen its response to modern slavery. Using a theoretical framework which combines global governance and regulation literature with literature regarding the national institutionalization of global norms, this thesis examines how international actors that comprise the global anti-slavery network disseminate anti-slavery and corporate accountability norms. These norms are subsequently filtered through a country’s domestic political economy, and are translated into either transparency or mandatory human rights due diligence (MHRDD) legislation. The qualitative methods used in this thesis were documentary analysis and key informant interviews. Key informant interviews in conjunction with an analysis of relevant reports and parliamentary debates provided insight into the influences behind Canada’s enactment of various governance and regulatory techniques. Doctrinal legal analysis, and an assessment of the various techniques implemented in Canada, revealed the effectiveness of the individual techniques and how they interacted with each other. This thesis found that Canada adopted a transparency law due to a combination of: (1) International norm diffusion via an epistemic, global anti-slavery network; and (2) Canada’s unique domestic political economy. Features of Canada’s domestic political economy, including its affiliation as part of the Anglosphere, and its powerful mining industry, ultimately determined the enactment of transparency legislation. The thesis also found that Canada’s use of multiple, increasingly hard law governance and regulatory techniques is currently ineffective as these techniques do not complement each other, and actually weaken Canada’s regulatory response to modern slavery. Consequently, labour standards have not improved for supply chain workers. This thesis posits that Canada should prioritize centering and empowering workers to protect their own rights.

Relations de sous-traitance internationale et conditions de travail dans les pays en développement : une enquête auprès des PME de l’industrie du textile au Maroc - Idbendris, Brahim; Debbagh, Bouchra (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Cet article vise à étudier les conséquences sociales des relations industrielles de la sous-traitance internationale qui, si elle est source de compétitivité pour les grandes entreprises dans les pays développés, peut conduire à des conditions de travail indécentes dans les pays en développement, en particulier dans les industries à forte intensité de main-d'oeuvre. Nous abordons la question peu explorée de la nature de l'engagement des PME du textile au Maroc en matière de responsabilité sociale compte tenu des exigences des grands donneurs d’ordres. Les résultats de notre étude quantitative corroborent l'hypothèse d'une dégradation des conditions de travail des salariés qui accompagne la sous-traitance internationale.
Keywords: Industrie du textile; PME; conditions de travail; contractants; sous-traitance

The Effects of Minimum Wage Increases on Employment and Average Wages of Affected Workers in Canada - Iray Makvandi, Alaleh (Concordia University, 2024)
The employment effects of the minimum wage are debated among economists, with traditional competitive models suggesting potential job losses for low-wage workers, while alternative models like institutional and dynamic monopsony suggest potential positive impacts. The institutional model posits that raising the minimum wage could boost employment if wages are below the marginal product of labor, and the dynamic monopsony model suggests that higher minimum wages could reduce turnover costs in low-wage labor markets, mitigating predicted job losses. Empirical studies, even within the competitive model, show mixed results, with some indicating significant disemployment effects and others not. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the impacts of minimum wage increases on employment and wages across Canada, utilizing a robust methodological framework including the bunching approach, event study analysis, and difference-in-difference methods to examine the effects of varying provincial minimum wages over time.To accomplish this, I first employ the bunching approach to detect any concentration of wages just above the minimum wage threshold, providing insights into employer behavior in response to wage regulations. This technique identifies subtle adjustments in wage distribution that might not be apparent through other methods. Next, I utilize event study analysis to explore the immediate and long-term effects of minimum wage hikes, comparing employment and wage data from periods before and after the increases. This method captures both short-term disruptions and long-term adjustments in the labor market. Additionally, the difference-in-difference method is employed to compare outcomes between provinces with and without minimum wage increases, isolating the specific effects of these policies by controlling for other influencing variables. This approach underscores the importance of regional economic conditions in shaping the effectiveness of wage regulations. The empirical analysis begins with Labor Force Survey data from Ontario, which experienced significant real minimum wage increases in January 2018. The study estimates the counterfactual frequency distribution of hourly wages in Ontario for three years before and two years after the minimum wage increase. The findings show a significant decrease in jobs paying below the new minimum wage and a proportional increase in jobs paying up to $4 above the real minimum wage, indicating no significant overall employment impact. Contrary to anticipated employment effects, the average wage of affected workers increased significantly by 22.7% over the two years following the minimum wage shock. The only exception in the Ontario study was for the teen group; contrary to much of the existing Canadian literature such as Fossati and Marchand (2024), I found a significant positive employment effect for teenagers. However, overall, I did not observe a significant negative employment effect for young adults. Further analysis includes other provinces, such as Alberta, and cities such as Gatineau versus Ottawa, which also experienced substantial nominal and real minimum wage increases. The study applies the same methodology to assess the employment and wage effects, finding similar results to the Ontario study. Contrary to the Ontario study, in the Alberta study, I found a significant negative employment effect for the teen group, but overall, I did not find a significant negative employment effect for young adults. Since referring to a single minimum wage is inherently problematic, I also investigated a pooled analysis of hourly wage data from all Canadian provinces from 1999 to 2019. This analysis, covering 56 minimum wage increases, reveals no significant employment effect (-2%) over six months following minimum wage increases but a significant average wage increase (6.4%) for affected workers. The study also investigates potential employment shifts from low-skilled to high-skilled workers, finding no indication of such shifts. Subgroup analyses by education level, age, and other demographics show approximately similar employment and wage effects, suggesting that the consequences of minimum wage policies are shared among different worker groups. Additionally, sectoral analyses show no negative employment effect in the food industry, aligning with Card and Krueger (1993)’s findings on the impact of minimum wage increases in the fast-food industry. However, a significant negative employment effect (-4%) was observed in the retail sector, highlighting the influence of local industry composition on minimum wage impacts. Finally, in the Canada study (pooling all 56 minimum wage increase across all provinces), I assess the size of wage spillovers, finding that only 7% of the impact on average wages of affected workers comes from wage spillovers at the lower part of the wage distribution, which was statistically insignificant. This aligns with Canadian literature, such as Campolieti (2015), which found modest wage spillovers based on Canadian data compared to American data. Overall, this thesis provides robust evidence on the employment and wage effects of minimum wage increases in Canada. The findings suggest that, contrary to the traditional competitive model, minimum wage increases do not significantly reduce overall employment of low-wage workers and can lead to substantial wage gains for them. This has important implications for policymakers considering minimum wage adjustments to improve labor market outcomes for low-wage workers.

Needle Work: A History of Commercial Tattooing in Canada - Jelinski, Jamie (McGill-Queen's Press, 2024)
An original history of those who made tattooing their livelihood. In 1891 J. Murakami travelled from Japan, via San Francisco, to Vancouver Island and began working in and around Victoria. His occupation: creating permanent images on the skin of paying clients. From this early example of tattooing as work, Jamie Jelinski takes us from coast to coast with detours to the United States, England, and Japan as he traces the evolution of commercial tattooing in Canada over more than one hundred years. Needle Work offers insight into how tattoo artists navigated regulation, the types of spaces they worked in, and the dynamic relationship between the images they tattooed on customers and other forms of visual culture and artistic enterprise. Merging biographical narratives with an examination of tattooing’s place within wider society, Jelinski reveals how these commercial image makers bridged conventional gaps between cultural production and practical, for-profit work, thereby establishing tattooing as a legitimate career. Richly illustrated and drawing on archives, print media, and objects held in institutions and private collections across Canada and beyond, Needle Work provides a timely understanding of a vocation that is now familiar but whose intricate history has rarely been considered. –Publisher's description

Countercurrents: Women's Movements in Postwar Montreal - Kealey, Linda (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Countercurrents: Women's Movements in Postwar Montreal," by Amanda Ricci.

Environmental Activism on the Ground: Small Green and Indigenous Organizing - Khandelwal, Chetna (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Environmental Activism on the Ground: Small Green and Indigenous Organizing," by Jonathan Clapperton and Liza Piper.

Racialized Migrant Labour in Organic Agriculture in Canada: Blind Spots and Barriers to Justice - Klassen, Susanna (Susanna Elsie) (Radical Food Geographies: Power, Knowledge and Resistance, 2024)
This collection presents critical and action-oriented approaches to addressing food systems inequities across places, spaces, and scales. With case studies from around the globe, Radical Food Geographies explores interconnections between power structures and the social and ecological dynamics that bring food from the land and water to our plates. Through themes of scale, spatial imaginaries, and human and more-than-human relationships, the authors explore ongoing efforts to co-construct more equitable and sustainable food systems for all. Advancing a radical food geographies praxis, the book reveals multiple forms of resistance and resurgence, and offers examples of co-creating food systems transformation through scholarship, action, and geography. –Publisher's description
https://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=0JPsEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA86&dq=labour+rights+Canada&ots=kW0su-VtEI&sig=3IXCImu_aoBjEAZYe1NvSLbn9Rk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=labour%20rights%20Canada&f=false
Keywords: Political Science / Public Policy / Agriculture & Food Policy; Social Science / Agriculture & Food; Social Science / Human Geography; Social Science / Sociology / Urban

Bounding the Boundless: Gendered Work Hierarchies and “Boundless Work” in Ontario Longterm Care Homes - Klostermann, Janna; Funk, Laura (Studies in Political Economy / Recherches en économie politique, 2024)
This article pushes forward research and thinking on “boundless work” in hierarchal gendered organizations within the context of late neoliberalism. Weaving the tools of feminist political economy with rhetorical analysis techniques, our analysis of gendered work in Ontario nursing homes reveals moralized hierarchies, contextually specific variations across organizations, and potential sites of resistance and change. It demonstrates the utility of understanding and exploring “boundless work” as an interpretive category that is actively under negotiation. This paper is part of the SPE special theme “Decent care work: politics, policy, and resistance.”
https://doi.org/10.1080/07078552.2024.2422684
Keywords: Boundary setting; boundless work organization; care work; longterm care; privatization; unpaid work

The Canadian ‘War of the Two Sugars’: Homegrown Sugar Beets and the Racial Stratification of Labour - Komori, Jane (Historical Materialism, 2024)
This paper provides a history of more than a century of efforts to establish and maintain a homegrown Canadian sugar supply – a twentieth century version of what Eric Williams called the ‘war of the two sugars,’ or the global competition between sugar beet and cane. To resolve beet sugar’s so-called ‘labour problem,’ the industry has collaborated with the Canadian state to produce new classes of temporary workers, mobilizing incarcerated Japanese Canadians, migrant indigenous families, and Mexican and Caribbean workers employed through the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program. At the same time, the sugar industry has sought to refine itself of the racialised workers upon whom it relies by promoting the figure of the white Canadian worker. The Canadian ‘war of the two sugars’ has been fought through the stratification of the labour force along the lines of citizenship, resulting in the production of unique racial forms.

«We Can't Find a Basis for Unity but We Feel We Should»: Conflits et sororité autour des conférences indochinoises qui se sont tenues au Canada en 1971 - Labelle, Sandrine (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Organisées au printemps 1971 pour dénoncer l'intervention américaine au Vietnam, les conférences indochinoises constituent l'une des plus importantes tentatives de coalitions féministes de l'époque. L'événement incarne le projet de bâtir une sororité globale. Bien qu'abondamment critiqué dans l'historiographie, cet idéal est rarement analysé dans toute son ambiguïté : cet article propose donc d'historiciser la sororité et de mettre en lumière la complexité de ses usages politiques. Tout en reconnaissant l'importance des conflits entourant ce projet, nous souhaitons justement comprendre pourquoi, malgré tout, celui-ci s'impose comme cadre de référence partagé par une si grande diversité de militantes au tournant des années 1970., Cette relecture des conférences indochinoises permet de proposer une définition plus souple de la sororité globale : les discours sur la question reflètent les tiraillements d'un mouvement mû par l'urgence d'articuler les différentes subjectivités des femmes pour organiser une opposition massive et efficace à la guerre du Vietnam. La sororité sert ainsi de cadre de référence fédérateur suffisamment malléable pour permettre à diverses conceptions du féminisme de coexister et de s'entrechoquer. Elle permet ainsi de baliser un terrain à partir duquel une solidarité féministe pluraliste et débattue peut se développer.
Keywords: Anti-imperialism; Decolonization; Feminism; Féminisme; Global Sisterhood; Guerre du Vietnam; Internationalism; Solidarity; Third-worldism; Vietnam War; anti-impérialisme; décolonisation; internationalisme; solidarité; sororité globale; tiers-mondisme

Workers in Canada's Energy Future: Sociotechnical Imaginaries, Settler-Colonialism, and the Coastal Gaslink Pipeline - Lajoie O'Malley, Alana (University of Ottawa, 2024)
In recent years, scholars of science and technology studies (STS) have increasingly turned their attention to the role of collective imagination in shaping sociotechnical futures. This scholarship leaves open the question of how the collectives involved in bringing these futures to life come into being. Starting with one episode in the ongoing conflict over the construction of Coastal GasLink pipeline on Wet’suwet’en territory in settler-colonial Canada, this discourse analysis draws on scholarship in feminist, anticolonial, and co-productionist STS to study this process of collective formation in relation to sociotechnical futures. It does so by examining how oil and gas workers become enrolled into a sociotechnical imaginary I call Canadian resource techno-nationalism. Comparing media and politicians’ representations of oil and gas workers with White workers’ representations of themselves indicates that they can end up participating in this imaginary regardless of their affinity to it. Examining policy documents and scholarly literature about the inclusion of Indigenous knowledges in impact assessment, as well as political debates and mainstream media coverage about the conflict over the Coastal GasLink pipeline, draws attention to how elites’ active construction and protection of the boundary between knowledge and politics works to enroll Indigenous people into oil and gas jobs and, therefore, into the collective performing Canadian resource techno-nationalism. In both cases, elite actors deploy the resources at their disposal in ways that help funnel oil and gas workers into lives imagined for them, securing the power of the settler state in the process. This dynamic illustrates the importance of disentangling participation in the collective performance of sociotechnical imaginaries from freely given consent. Residents of liberal states can end up performing dominant imaginaries less out of any sense of affinity to them than as a response to the disciplinary power these imaginaries help sustain.

The Moderate Bolshevik: Mikhail Tomsky from the Factory to the Kremlin, 1880-1936 - Lalande, J.-Guy (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "The Moderate Bolshevik: Mikhail Tomsky from the Factory to the Kremlin, 1880-1936," by Charters Wynn.

The Lights on the Tipple Are Going Out: Fighting Economic Ruin in a Canadian Coalfield Community - Langford, Tom (UBC Press, 2024)
To be published: June 2025. The Canadian postwar economic boom did not include one western coal-mining region. When the Canadian Pacific Railway switched to diesel power, over 2,000 coal-production jobs were lost in the Crowsnest Pass and Elk Valley. The Lights on the Tipple Are Going Out tells the story of its fight for survival. Underground mine closures began in 1950, prompting attempts by unions, leftist parties, municipal governments, and business groups to save the local economy. Efforts to reindustrialize in the mid-1960s brought unregulated growth, unsafe working conditions, and pollution. Starting in 1968, new strip mines were built to produce metallurgical coal for Asia-Pacific steelmakers. Not only is this an interesting regional history, but the consideration of the role of labour unions, local communists, and grassroots environmentalists makes it especially compelling. Today, with technological change in steel manufacturing on the horizon, propelled by the climate crisis, Langford argues that the Crowsnest Pass and Elk Valley must look toward ecosystem restoration, sustainable economic activities, and the inclusion of First Nations in decision making in order to embrace a future beyond coal. – Publisher's description
OCLC: 1430504109
Keywords: Coal trade Alberta Crowsnest Pass History 20th century; Coal trade British Columbia Elk River Valley History 20th century; Crowsnest Pass (Alta.) Economic conditions 20th century; Deindustrialization Alberta Crowsnest Pass History 20th century; Deindustrialization British Columbia Elk River Valley History 20th century; Economic development Alberta Crowsnest Pass; Economic development British Columbia Elk River Valley; Elk River Valley (B.C.) Economic conditions 20th century

The Truth About the '37 Oshawa GM Strike: They Made Cars and They Made Plans: Reds, The Rank and File, and International Solidarity Unionized GM - Leah, Tony (Baraka Books, 2024)
Autoworkers unionized the General Motors plant in Oshawa in 1937 after a bitterly fought strike that pitted them against a rabidly anti-union government, hostile press and GM corporation. It was a major turning point in Canadian labour history. Crucial factors contributing to the strike’s success include the historical background of working-class struggle in the community, patient and courageous prior organizing by Communists, the engaged leadership of rank-and-file GM workers, and the solid support of the United Autoworkers International Union. The author focuses on the voices and actions of rank-and-file workers and on the day-to-day events, many of which have been misunderstood or misinterpreted. The Truth About the ’37 Oshawa GM Strike takes down the long-accepted—but false—narrative espoused by the academic Irving Abella that the Oshawa workers were “on their own” without significant support from the UAW/CIO leadership and that they would have been better off not to organize under the banner of an international union. It also shows how that narrative fails to grasp the degree to which class struggle organizing principles were crucial to the strike’s success. A true understanding of the ’37 strike provides valuable lessons for people seeking to revive the labour movement today. –Publisher's description
Interview with the author: https://www.readthemaple.com/revealing-the-buried-truth-about-the-1937-oshawa-gm-strike/ OCLC: 1458312780

Smoke on the Water: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Reconciliation in the Case of the Mi’kmaq Moderate Livelihood Fisheries - MacCarthy, Liam (Dalhousie University, 2024)
Indigenous communities have been in direct conflict with the Canadian state when asserting their right to self-determination. Literature reveals that the Canadian state interprets Indigenous resistance as a threat to settler authority, responding with violence and criminal enforcement. This thesis investigates the relationship between the norms related to Indigenous rights articulated in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the institutional enforcement response to Indigenous resistance in the case of Mi’kmaw moderate livelihood fishing. Through a critical discourse analysis of Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Royal Canadian Mounted Police’s public statements, policy documents, and recorded actions, this research found a discursive influence on state institutions. Despite the rhetorical commitments, this research found that state response continued an approach of criminalization and violence against Mi’kmaw moderate livelihood fishers. These contradictions between rhetoric and practice challenge the institutional legitimacy of settler authority.
Accepted: 2024-08-30T13:35:43Z

Cape Breton in the Long Twentieth Century: Formations and Legacies of Industrial Capitalism - MacKinnon, Lachlan; Parnaby, Andrew (AU Press, 2024)
The emergence, dominance, and alarmingly rapid retreat of modernist industrial capitalism on Cape Breton Island during the “long twentieth century” offers a particularly captivating window on the lasting and varied effects of deindustrialization. Now, at the tail end of the industrial moment in North American history, the story of Cape Breton Island presents an opportunity to reflect on how industrialization and deindustrialization have shaped human experiences. Covering the period between 1860 and the early 2000s, this volume looks at trade unionism, state and cultural responses to deindustrialization, including the more recent pivot towards the tourist industry, and the lived experiences of Indigenous and Black people. Rather than focusing on the separate or distinct nature of Cape Breton, contributors place the island within broad transnational networks such as the financial world of the Anglo-Atlantic, the Celtic music revival, the Black diaspora, Canadian development programs, and more. In capturing the vital elements of a region on the rural resource frontier that was battered by deindustrialization, the histories included here show how the interplay of the state, cultures, and transnational connections shaped how people navigated these heavy pressures, both individually and collectively. –Publisher's description
https://www.aupress.ca/books/120323-cape-breton-in-the-long-twentieth-century/ OCLC: 1373338063

Les découplages comme des régulations disjointes - Mainhagu, Sébastien (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
Dans cet article, nous proposons un développement théorique sur le concept de découplage, qui s’avère utile pour analyser les relations industrielles. Beaucoup d’auteurs définissent le découplage comme un processus de réponses des organisations aux pressions institutionnelles. Si le découplage « politique-pratique » décrit par Bromley et Powell (2012) rejoint le cas de figure décrit par Meyer et Rowan (1977), où le choix est intentionnel, associé à un simulacre d’évaluation, le découplage « moyens-fins » rappelle les situations décrites par Reynaud. Dans ce cas, les dirigeants ont l’intention d’appliquer les normes institutionnelles, qu’ils ont reproduites sous forme de procédures, mais échouent à les appliquer sous la pression des opérationnels. Pour autant, la TNI n’explique par le processus sous-jacent au découplage en négligeant la dimension politique dans la production de normes et de règles, ce que la TRS permet à travers le concept de régulation sociale. En quoi le découplage dans les organisations est-il une forme de régulation sociale ? Nous faisons tout d’abord un état de l’art sur le concept de découplage, en particulier les travaux de chercheurs de la TNI inscrits dans une approche épistémologique du constructivisme social, en précisant leurs lacunes. Nous montrons ensuite que la TRS, compatible en partie avec cette dernière approche, apporte une lecture qui rompt avec une analyse multiniveau en considérant les processus de production de règles de tous les groupes sociaux sans les hiérarchiser. Nous montrons que la TRS appréhende ce phénomène comme une forme de régulations disjointes en distinguant trois catégories selon l’existence de négociation et d’accord : Les régulations disjointes « d’évitement » expliquent le découplage « politique-pratique », où la direction a connaissance de l’écart entre ses normes institutionnelles et les règles des opérateurs et fait le choix d’éviter la confrontation. Les régulations disjointes « conflictuelles » expliquent le découplage « moyens-fins » avec un alignement des structures voulu par la direction, contrariée par le pouvoir des professionnels. Les régulations disjointes « de méconnaissance » expliquent le découplage provoqué par une absence de connaissance des règles autonomes par la direction. Les équipes d’opérateurs peuvent aussi ignorer la règle de contrôle. Ces formes de disjonction entre les espaces sociaux (institutions, sommet stratégique, groupes d’opérateurs) expliquent les différents types de découplages à l’oeuvre dans un secteur économique, ouvrant des pistes de recherches stimulantes pour le futur.
Keywords: Decoupling; Découplages; Neo-institutional theory; Régulations sociales; Social regulation; Théorie néo-institutionnelle

“It’s like We’re Still in Slavery”: Stress as Distress and Discourse among Jamaican Farm Workers in Ontario, Canada - Mayell, Stephanie (Social Sciences, 2024)
For more than fifty years, Jamaican farm workers have been seasonally employed in Canada under the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). In Canada, these workers live and work in conditions that make them vulnerable to various health issues, including poor mental health. This ethnographic study investigated Jamaican SAWP workers’ mental health experiences in Southern Ontario. Several common factors that engender psychological distress among Jamaican workers, ranging from mild to extreme suffering, were uncovered and organised into five themes: (1) family, (2) work environments and SAWP relations, (3) living conditions and isolation, (4) racism and social exclusion, and (5) illness and injury. I found that Jamaican workers predominantly use the term ‘stress’ to articulate distress, and they associate experiences of suffering with historic plantation slavery. Analysis of workers’ stress discourses revealed their experiences of psychological distress are structured by the conditions of the SAWP and their social marginalisation in Ontario. This article presents and discusses these findings in the context of SAWP power dynamics and concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving the mental health of all SAWP workers. In foregrounding the experiences of Jamaican workers, this study addresses the dearth of research on the health and wellbeing of Caribbean SAWP workers.
Number: 1
Keywords: Canada; Jamaica; anti-Black racism; idiom of distress; medical anthropology; mental health; migrant farm workers; migration; stress

Ableism in Higher Education: Collective Agreements, EDI [Electronic Data Interchange] Initiatives, and Accommodation Policies - McCabe, Kealin M. (University of British Columbia, 2024)
This study explores ableism within higher education through an examination of the collective agreements and institutional policies that govern the academic responsibilities of disabled faculty members. Critical disability theory serves as the theoretical framework for this study, which employs both institutional ethnography and qualitative content analysis in the review of the publicly available documents from English speaking U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities (n=13). The study unfolds in three parts: Part I presents the findings from the analysis of the collective agreements and institutional policies outlining the tenure and promotion process and the barriers disabled faculty members experience in fulfilling their academic responsibilities. Part II explores the tensions and contradictions between institutional accommodation processes and the language used in their public presentation of EDI initiatives, while Part III represents the everyday experiences of disabled faculty members though interviews, representing the embodiment and internalization of the texts examined in parts I and II. This research challenges and disrupts normative understandings of what it means to be a “good academic”, by addressing an absence in the literature exploring ableist representations and assumptions present in collective agreements and institutional policies. The examination of these texts and the lived experiences of disabled faculty members through interviews has illuminated the existing contradictions and tensions in these texts, showing ableism is strongly entrenched and condoned in university policies and governance.

Nii Ndahlohke (AWE - Art Windsor Essex, 2024)
This catalogue of the Nii Ndahlohke exhibition at Art Windsor Essex (September 26, 2023 – June 25, 2024) features work by First Nations artists exploring the history of forced labour of students at Mount Elgin Industrial School (1851-1946). –WorldCat catalogue record
OCLC: 1446905392
Keywords: Book; Chippewas of the Thames First Nation; First Nations — Ontario — Residential schools; Indigenous Art and Artists; Indigenous Education; Indigenous History; Indigenous Labour; Mount Elgin Indian Residential School (Muncey; Ont.)

Exploring Edmonton’s Library and Archival Labour Movements and Visions of a National Library Workers’ Organization - McNally, Michael; Agostini, Michelle De (CAUT Journal, 2024)
This article examines the history and relationship between organizing library workers and creating spaces for critical conversations among those in the field that have occurred in Edmonton since 2010. The reflective piece begins with a short history of the rise of the Edmonton Chapter of the Progressive Librarians Guild (PLG). Despite PLG’s early successes, PLG Edmonton disaffiliated from the broader PLG organization in 2016, and its successor organization, the Information Workers Collective (IWC), ultimately and rapidly failed as an organization. However, an ongoing space for critical conversation was facilitated the emergence of the local Politics of Libraries (PoL) conference largely organized by student volunteers. The article concludes by reflecting on the limits of organizing beyond Edmonton.
Keywords: Edmonton; Politics of Libraries; Progressive Librarians Guild

"His Toolbox is not Full": Unpacking Worker Experiences and Addressing Labour Support in Atlantic Canadian Fishing - McTaggart, Benjamin (University of Ottawa, 2024)
Given the importance of the fishing industry to the Newfoundland economy and identity, understanding the realities of fish work in the province allows for a deeper understanding of labour practices, safety regulations, and the health of the many fisheries the bolster that Newfoundland economy and identity. Initially designed to assess the working experiences of migrant workers on Canadian fishing boats, this thesis turns to domestic workers to unpack labour realties and address the potential of exploitative and abusive practices that help chart fishing among one of the most dangerous jobs in the world. This research took place in Newfoundland in October of 2022, where crew members, boat captains, their owners, and industry and union representatives were approached to gather work experiences and opinions on the broader regional fishing industry in the province. From these experiences, an assessment of how and if exploitative working conditions can be improved utilizes existing and proposed international labour conventions, understandings of unionization, and the political economy, to represent exploitative labour conditions along a continuum. The evolving and changing economic and environmental realities of fishing both globally and in eastern Canada highlight how an already risk-taking, masculine, and community focused industry lives with, is shaped by, and can work towards limiting, the more damaging forms of exploitation. This thesis utilizes qualitative data to inform its assessment of precarious labour realities at sea in the Newfoundland fishing industry to further advocate for the move towards regionalized and industry specific seafarer support mechanisms. Through promoting these mechanisms, such as a seafarer support centre and the ratification of the Work in Fishing Convention (C188), this research calls for Newfoundland's fishing industry to lead the way towards better practices nationally.

Capitalism and Colonialism – Settler and First Nation: An Uneasy History - Menzies, Charles R.; hayetsk, hagwil (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Critiques Bryan Palmer's essay, "The Past is Before Us," published in the same issue. The paper was originally presented as a set of comments at the conference, Challenging Labour conference/Le défi du travail, Mount Royal University, Calgary, October 2022. Author hagwil hayetsk is also known as Charles Menzies.
Keywords: Bryan D. Palmer; Gitxaała; Histoire des Autochtones; Indigenous Marxism; Indigenous history; Tsimshian; capitalisme de peuplement; colonialism; colonialisme; marxisme autochtone; settler capitalism

Learners or Earners? Interviews with International Students in Canada on Navigating Student-Worker Mobility Pathways - Merriam, Deanna (University of New Brunswick, 2024)
This thesis explores the lived experiences of international students in Canada, examining the impacts and outcomes of Canada’s International Student Program (ISP) that positions students as not only educational participants but also flexible economic assets. Through a brief review of international student policy developments, it is argued that these changes reflect a deliberate effort to commodify international students' labor to meet Canadian labor market demands. The thesis also draws on migration literature to highlight the exploitative risks inherent in foreign labor pathways, applying these concerns to the International Student Program. Through the use of qualitative semi-structured interviews with international students and support professionals, this study reveals the challenges students face under these policies including permit or program navigation, financial instability, and most notably adverse impacts on well-being. This study highlights the complex relationship between Canada’s various mobility programs and notes the benefits of utilizing qualitative methodologies in researching program outcomes.

Individual and Collective Action: Advocating for Academic Librarians’ Rights from Within and Outside of the Bargaining Unit - Mills, Melanie; Drabinski, Emily (CAUT Journal, 2024)
Most academic librarians working in the postsecondary sector in Canada and the United States today hold faculty status appointments and are represented by their campus faculty association (i.e., they are unionized). In some settings, librarians and archivists are included in the same collective bargaining unit as teaching and research faculty, while in others, information workers have their own bargaining unit. Still yet, there are campuses where librarians are not recognized as academic staff, and as such, they must actively advocate to win the rights and recognition that most of their peers who are employed at other college and university campuses in North America enjoy. This advocacy work takes place at both the individual and collective levels. The following case study explores the experiences of one Canadian and one American academic librarian who each offer their own, distinct perspectives of having held faculty status librarian appointments with permanence (i.e., tenure or continuing appointment) as well as appointments as academic library administrators, roles where librarians typically relinquish, formally and informally, their active membership in and representation by the faculty association and/or collective bargaining unit. Reflections shared will include: perspectives gained on collective action, having directly participated in labour action (e.g., a librarian and archivist strike) and collective labour advocacy work in the North American context; considerations for leaving, be it temporarily or permanently, a tenured librarian appointment for a library administrative post outside of the union (e.g., improved individual compensation, striving to improve individual and collective working conditions for librarians from within the leadership ranks) and the costs of doing so (e.g., relinquishing faculty status and its associated rights and responsibilities, including academic freedom and a workload that formally recognizes research and service work); and finally, the knowledge gained and insight gleaned after having returned to the privileged position of a faculty status librarian appointment with permanence. Arising out of this case study, strategies will be offered to help academic librarians resist corporate practices that erode their individual and collective autonomy and employment stability, and which are misaligned with academic librarians’ core professional values. The experiences of these two librarians, who have each engaged in advocacy work from both within and outside of the collective bargaining unit, will be explored in relation to the wider context of collective action, unionisation, and the overall employment conditions of information workers in Canada and the United States.
Keywords: academic librarians; collective action; labour action

Théories féministes voyageuses. Internationalisme et coalitions depuis les luttes latinoaméricaines - Montreuil, Frédérique (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "Théories féministes voyageuses. Internationalisme et coalitions depuis les luttes latinoaméricaines," by Mara Montanaro.

"What Is Labour's Stake?": Workers and the History of Environmentalism in Alberta - Montrie, Chad (Labour / Le Travail, 2024)
Although counterintuitive for many academics and lay people alike, the Canadian environmental movement has long included significant engagement from organized labour. More surprising, perhaps, the most dedicated labour environmentalists came from unions representing workers in the auto, steel, mining, chemical, and oil industries. This was certainly the case in Alberta during the 1970s. There, the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers (ocaw) used their outsized influence within the Alberta Federation of Labour (afl) to conjoin growing concern about occupational health and safety with developing awareness about air and water pollution beyond the workplace. Drawing on fonds at the University of Calgary Glenbow Archives, Provincial Archives of Alberta, and Library and Archives Canada, this article chronicles and assesses efforts by ocaw officials within the afl to introduce and sustain a labour environmentalist agenda. It also makes an argument for historians interested in the origins and evolution of the Canadian environmental movement to pay closer attention to organized labour.
Keywords: Alberta Federation of Labour; Canadian Labour Congress; Chemical and Atomic Workers; Congrès du travail du Canada; Fédération; Jim MacDonald; Neil Reimer; Oil; Reg Basken; Save Tomorrow Oppose Pollution; Syndicalisme; du travail de l'Alberta; environment; environnement; labour

L’Économie institutionnelle. Sa place dans l’économie politique - Morel, Sylvie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2024)
The article reviews the book, "L’Économie institutionnelle. Sa place dans l’économie politique," 2 volumes of John Rogers Commons, critical edition by Jean-Jacques Gislain and Bruno Théret.

Answers to the Labour Question: Industrial Relations and the State in the Anglophone World, 1880-1945 - Mucciaroni, Gary (University of Toronto Press, 2024)
Since the mid-nineteenth century, public officials, reformers, journalists, and other elites have referred to “the labour question.” The labour question was rooted in the system of wage labour that spread throughout much of Europe and its colonies and produced contending classes as industrialization unfolded. Answers to the Labour Question explores how the liberal state responded to workers’ demands that employers recognize trade unions as their legitimate representatives in their struggle for compensation and control over the workplace. Gary Mucciaroni examines five Anglophone nations – Australia, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the United States – whose differences are often overlooked in the literature on political economy, which lumps them together as liberal, “market-led” economies. Despite their many shared characteristics and common historical origins, these nations’ responses to the labour question diverged dramatically. Mucciaroni identifies the factors that explain why these nations developed such different industrial relations regimes and how the paths each nation took to the adoption of its regime reflected a different logic of institutional change. Drawing on newspaper accounts, parliamentary debates, and personal memoirs, among other sources, Answers to the Labour Question aims to understand the variety of state responses to industrial unrest and institutional change beyond the domain of industrial relations. –Publisher's description