Hommage à Jacques Bélanger (1952-2018) / A Tribute to Jacques Bélanger (1952-2018) - Murray, Gregor; Trudeau, Gilles; Lévesque, Christian (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
C’est avec tristesse et désarroi que nous apprenions, le 28 juin 2018, le décès de notre collègue et ami, Jacques Bélanger. Comme bien des lecteurs et des lectrices de la revue RI/IR le savent, Jacques Bélanger fut un professeur titulaire renommé du Département des relations industrielles de l’Université Laval, un contributeur fréquent à RI/IR, et le codirecteur et cofondateur du Centre de recherche interuniversitaire sur la mondialisation et le travail, le CRIMT. Intellectuel brillant, théoricien novateur, pédagogue chevronné, comment, dans un espace si restreint, donner un juste aperçu de ce que Jacques fut et de son immense contribution à la recherche et à l’avancement des connaissances sur le travail humain dans ses multiples déclinaisons ? Jacques Bélanger, chercheur de réputation mondiale, est toujours demeuré profondément attaché à ses origines et à Saint-Vallier de Bellechasse, son village.... / Our reaction to news of the death of our dear colleague and friend, Jacques Bélanger, on 28 June 2018, was one of deep sadness and dismay. As so many RI/IR readers will know, Bélanger was a distinguished Professor in the Industrial Relations Department at Université Laval, a frequent contributor to RI/IR, and the co-director and co-founder of the Interuniversity Research Centre on Globalization and Work, the CRIMT. Bélanger was a brilliant intellectual, innovative theorist and accomplished teacher. In the few words permitted here, we can only provide a glimpse of his multiple contributions to research and the advancement of knowledge across diverse aspects of contemporary work and employment. Despite his international renown, Jacques Bélanger was profoundly attached to his origins and, in particular, to his birthplace and village of origin, Saint-Vallier de Bellechasse.....
Keywords: Business And Economics–Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics–Personnel Management; Deaths; Employment; Globalization; Labor Unions; Labor relations; Personal profiles; University professors; Work

Days of Action: Ontario's Extra-Parliamentary Opposition to the Common Sense Revolution, 1995-1998 - Nesbitt, Douglas (Queen's University, 2018)
From 1995 to 1998, Ontario was the site of a sustained political and industrial conflict between the provincial government of Premier Mike Harris and a loosely-coordinated protest movement of labour unions, community organizations, and activist groups. The struggle was aimed at the defeating the “Common Sense Revolution,” a sweeping neoliberal program advanced by the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario. The program designed to renovate the state, rationalize the social safety net, repeal barriers to capital accumulation, and decisively weaken the strength of organized labour. What became a union-led extra-parliamentary opposition drew in large sections of the population often aligned with a political culture of statist collectivism encompassing both social democracy and “Red Toryism”. The movement emerged at a time when the two major parties aligned with such ideas embraced neoliberal policies. Under the leadership of Mike Harris, the Red Tories were pushed out of the Ontario Progressive Conservatives in the early 1990s. Meanwhile, the one-term New Democratic government of 1990-95 made a decisive turn towards neoliberal austerity amidst a catastrophic recession, declining federal transfers, and employer hostility. Through the union-led “Days of Action” of large political strikes, mass demonstrations, and numerous militant protests, the implementation of the Common Sense Revolution was slowed and weakened and the government’s popularity greatly diminished. However, the province’s union leadership was deeply divided over loyalties to the New Democratic Party following its turn to neoliberal austerity. One union leadership faction opposed the Days of Action while the other proved unwilling to escalate the scale of industrial disruption against the Common Sense Revolution. The crisis led to an open factional dispute within organized labour that culminated in the formal suspension of the political strikes in the summer of 1998. The outcome was an unprecedented political defeat for the labour-led forces defending an expansive redistributive welfare state, and a retreat by organized labour from extra-parliamentary political strategies in favour of electoralism. The government managed to regain support before winning re-election in 1999. The end of the Days of Action marked the political triumph of neoliberal restructuring and permanent austerity, and the crafting of a new political and economic common sense that has endured in Ontario to this day.

Wobblies of the World: A Global History of the IWW - Newkirk, Anthony B. (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Wobblies of the World: A Global History of the IWW," edited by Peter Cole, David Struthers, and Kenyon Zimmer.

Travail et subjectivité: perspectives critiques - Ngarsandjé, Guelmbaye (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Travail et subjectivité : perspectives critiques," by Daniel Mercure and Marie-Pierre Bourdages-Sylvain.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Propaganda and Persuasion: The Cold War and the Canadian-Soviet Friendship Society - Niergarth, Kirk (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Propaganda and Persuasion: The Cold War and the Canadian-Soviet Friendship Society" by Jennifer Anderson.

Re-focus on Women in an Industrial Revolution: Montreal 1848–1903 - Olson, Sherry (The Routledge Companion to Spatial History, 2018)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330194822_Re-focus_on_women_in_an_industrial_revolution

L’effet du mentorat sur la réussite de carrière : quelles différences entre hommes et femmes ? - Ouerdian, Bach; Gara, Emna; Malek, Adnane; Dali, Najwa (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Nombreuses sont les recherches ayant examiné l’impact du mentorat sur la réussite de carrière. Toutefois, davantage d’études sont requises afin d’appréhender cette relation, car force est de constater que la majorité des recherches menées jusque-là ont occulté la bi-dimensionnalité de chacun de ces deux construits. Par ailleurs, vu les spécificités féminines, nous estimons que la compréhension de l’impact du mentorat sur la réussite de carrière serait améliorée par l’intégration du genre. Le but de ce travail est de démontrer que le genre joue un rôle modérateur entre le mentorat reçu — estimé par ses deux fonctions instrumentale et psychosociale — et la réussite de carrière aussi bien objective que subjective. Des analyses en équations structurelles, notamment des analyses multigroupes ont été conduites à partir de données recueillies dans le secteur bancaire tunisien auprès de 237 cadres moyens et supérieurs. Nos analyses montrent que les femmes obtiennent moins de promotions et semblent moins satisfaites de leur carrière. Il ressort aussi que les femmes perçoivent moins de soutien de la part de leur mentor, particulièrement d’ordre psychosocial. Si la présente recherche démontre que pour les hommes, comme pour les femmes, le soutien prodigué par le mentor est associé à la réussite de carrière objective, il n’en est pas de même pour le type du mentorat à l’origine de cette réussite. Ainsi, seule la fonction instrumentale favorise l’avancement des femmes, contrairement aux hommes, dont l’avancement est lié uniquement à la fonction psychosociale du mentorat. Enfin, la présente étude indique l’inexistence d’un lien direct entre les fonctions du mentorat et la réussite subjective, et ce, aussi bien pour les hommes que les femmes. Toutefois, nos résultats permettent de mettre en évidence un effet indirect du mentorat psychosocial sur la réussite subjective des hommes par le biais de leur succès objectif.

Wildcat Workers: The Unruly Face of Class Struggle - Palmer, Bryan D. (Canada's 1960s: the Ironies of Identity in a Rebellious Era, 2018)
Rebellious youth, the Cold War, New Left radicalism, Pierre Trudeau, Red Power, Quebec's call for Revolution, Marshall McLuhan: these are just some of the major forces and figures that come to mind at the slightest mention of the 1960s in Canada. Focusing on the major movements and personalities of the time, as well as the lasting influence of the period, Canada's 1960s examines the legacy of this rebellious decade's impact on contemporary notions of Canadian identity. Bryan D. Palmer demonstrates how after massive postwar immigration, new political movements, and at times violent protest, Canada could no longer be viewed in the old ways. National identity, long rooted in notions of Canada as a white settler Dominion of the North, marked profoundly by its origins as part of the British Empire, had become unsettled. Concerned with how Canadians entered the Sixties relatively secure in their national identities, Palmer explores the forces that contributed to the post-1970 uncertainty about what it is to be Canadian. Tracing the significance of dissent and upheaval among youth, trade unionists, university students, Native peoples, and Quebecois, Palmer shows how the Sixties ended the entrenched, nineteenth-century notions of Canada. The irony of this rebellious era, however, was that while it promised so much in the way of change, it failed to provide a new understanding of Canadian national identity. A compelling and highly accessible work of interpretive history, Canada's 1960s is the book of the decade about an era many regard as the most turbulent and significant since the years of the Great Depression and World War II. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1076406948

Anarchism and Transnational Networks in North and South America - Paola, Pietro Di (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)

Social Movement Unionism as Union-Civil Alliances: A Democratizing Force? The New Zealand Case - Parker, Jane; Alakavuklar, Ozan (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
This exploratory study examines union-civil alliances in New Zealand (NZ). It focuses on the involvement of NZ’s peak union body, the Council of Trade Unions, in three civil group coalitions around the Living Wage Campaign, Decent Work Agenda and Environmental Agenda. It assesses how the CTU and its affiliates’ coalition involvement are informed by and seek to progress liberal (representative), participatory and/or more radical democratic principles, and what this means for organizational practice; the relations between the coalition parties; workplaces; and beyond. Through case discussions, the study finds that civil alliances involving the CTU and its affiliates do not reflect a core trait of union activity in NZ. Among the union-civil alliances that do exist, there is a prevailing sense of their utility to progress shared interests alongside, and on the union side, a more instrumental aim to encourage union revival. However, the alliances under examination reflect an engagement with various liberal and participatory democratic arrangements at different organizational levels. More radical democratic tendencies emerge in relation to ad hoc elements of activity and the aspirational goals of such coalitions as opposed to their usual processes and institutional configurations. In essence, what emerges is a labour centre and movement which, on the one hand, is in a survivalist mode primarily concerned with economistic matters, and on the other, in a position of relative political and bargaining weakness, reaching out to other civil groups where it can so as to challenge the neo-liberal hegemony. Based on our findings, we conclude that Laclau and Mouffe’s (2001) view of radical democracy holds promise for subsequent coalitions involving the CTU, particularly in the context of NZ workers’ diverse interests and the plurality of other civil groups and social movements’ interests. This view concerns on-going agency, change, organizing and strategy by coalitions to build inclusive (counter-) hegemony, arguing for a politic from below that challenges existing dominant neo-liberal assumptions in work and other spheres of life.
Keywords: New Zealand; Nouvelle-Zélande; Nueva Zelandia; alianza civil; alliance civile; centrales sindicales; centrales syndicales; civil alliance; coalición; coalition; coalition-building; democracia liberal; democracia participativa; démocratie libérale; démocratie participative; liberal democracy; mouvement social; movimiento social; participatory democracy; peak body; pensamiento radical; pensée radicale; radical democracy; sindicalismo; social movement unionism (SMU); syndicalisme; trade unions

Immigrants, Communists, and Solidarity Unionism in Niagara, c.1930–1960 - Patrias, Carmela (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
Focusing on the Niagara region, this study explains the continued adherence of thousands of Canadian workers to communist-led unions during the Cold War era. It argues that co-operation between communist-led unions and communist-led ethnic clubs and other political and social activists in the pursuit of human rights, social justice, and environmental goals explains why thousands of workers continued to adhere to such unions despite intense red-baiting in the 1940s and 1950s. Reaching out to allies beyond the workplace in solidarity unionism was especially important because of the marginalization of communist-led unions within the Canadian labour movement. The study’s findings reinforce the view that local economic and political conditions played a significant role in shaping communist-led unions in Canada. The study also highlights the contribution of interethnic collaboration among immigrant workers to the development of the Canadian labour movement.

Becoming A Dependent Class: Quoddy Herring Fishermen in the 1920s - Payne, Brian (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article explores the labour history of the Maine–New Brunswick sardine herring fishery. It looks specifically at the impact of the 1920–21 recession on weir fishermen who provided juvenile herring fish for the Maine canneries. The article argues that Maine canneries successfully formed a buyers’ trust, which was a widely accepted form of business integration among government and business leaders during the 1920s, and used that trust to break the independence of weir fishermen. The trust used its power to devalue the market price of herring fish and take control of the supply and production of fish, which forced the fishermen into a dependent class. The article thus sheds light on the impact of recessions and recession recoveries on labourers by illustrating the ill effects of market concentration, which is an economic norm following recessions.

Living at Work and Intra-Worker Sociality Among Migrant Farm Workers in Canada - Perry, J. Adam (Journal of International Migration and Integration, 2018)
This article examines how the dormitory labour system as it is employed in the agricultural streams of Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) affects workers' everyday sociality. In the article, I demonstrate how the physical compression of home and work into a singular geographic site shapes workers' identities and everyday relationships. Drawing on findings gathered from interviews with migrant farm workers from Mexico and Guatemala working in Southern Ontario, I explore how the requirement to warehouse temporary foreign workers directly on employer property collides with workers' ability to establish an autonomous and dignified life in Canada. In particular, I demonstrate how the TFWP agricultural dormitory system produces inter-generational dynamics that intensify worker self-discipline and generates gender dynamics that support the development of a hyper-productive transnational workforce.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12134-018-0583-z
Keywords: Canada; Dormitories; Migrant workers; Precarious work; Temporary foreign worker program; china; flexibility; labor; migration; ontario; power

Revisiting the Law and Governance of Trafficking, Forced Labor and Modern Slavery - Perry, Mike (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Revisiting the Law and Governance of Trafficking, Forced Labor and Modern Slavery," edited by Prabha Kotiswaran.

Grève et paix : une histoire des lois spéciales au Québec (Lux éditeur, 2018)
Les lois d'exception, ou lois « spéciales », ont été au cœur de l'histoire politique québécoise des cinquante dernières années. Depuis le milieu des années 1960, entre luttes sociales et crises économiques, tous les gouvernements y ont eu recours pour interdire et réprimer l'exercice du droit de grève dans les secteurs public et privé. Ces atteintes répétées visant un droit reconnu par l'Assemblée nationale ont suscité un fort mouvement de contestation syndicale, voire de désobéissance civile dans les années 1970. Affaibli par l'adoption de lois spéciales particulièrement sévères, de décrets imposant les conditions de travail et de réformes sociales draconiennes à partir du début des années 1980, le mouvement syndical peine toujours à retrouver sa combativité. Au moyen d'une documentation inédite, Grève et paix montre pour la première fois comment les lois d'exception ont bouleversé non seulement le monde du travail, mais la société québécoise dans son ensemble. –Résumé de l'éditeur
OCLC: 1035559617
Keywords: Grèves et lock-out Droit Québec (Province) Histoire; History; Québec; Strikes and lockouts Law and legislation; Strikes and lockouts Law and legislation Québec (Province) History; Syndicalism; Syndicalism Québec (Province) History; Syndicalisme Québec (Province) Histoire

Vers la fin de la gestion des carrières? La GRH face au rôle croissant des intermédiaires du marché du travail - Pichault, François; Lorquet, Nadège; Orianne, Jean-François (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
La littérature en GRH a longuement discuté les évolutions intervenues dans le champ des carrières en opposant le modèle classique de la carrière organisationnelle au modèle de la carrière nomade, censé répondre au nouveau contrat psychologique qui lie les travailleurs aux organisations du XXIe siècle. Désormais, il s’agirait pour les gestionnaires RH d’attirer des talents dont ils savent que le passage dans l’organisation sera limité dans le temps. Le développement sans précédent des formes de travail au projet, à mi-chemin entre l’emploi salarié et le statut d’indépendant, semble donner raison à cette conception « moderne » de la carrière. Toutefois, une observation plus fine des évolutions en cours sur le marché du travail montre que les carrières des travailleurs au projet ne sont pas seulement le fruit des initiatives individuelles de travailleurs offrant leurs talents sur le marché. Elles passent souvent par des structures d’intermédiation qui, en offrant diverses formules de sécurisation, deviennent des partenaires incontournables de la gestion des trajectoires professionnelles. À partir d’un travail conceptuel sur la notion d’intermédiaire du marché du travail et sur la base de multiples études de cas contrastées sur le marché du travail belge, notre article montre la diversité des formes que peut prendre ce travail d’intermédiation et dégage deux « types idéaux » reflétant des conceptions opposées de la sécurisation des transitions professionnelles : la première considère les travailleurs au projet comme des « quasi-salariés »; la seconde comme des « quasi-indépendants ». Nous montrons, ensuite, en quoi ce jeu triangulaire conduit à une remise en cause de la gestion des carrières en tant qu’attribut régalien de la fonction RH.

67 Shots: Kent State and the End of American Innocence ; Above the Shots: An Oral History of the Kent State Shootings - Powell, Christopher (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the books, "67 Shots: Kent State and the End of American Innocence," by Howard Means and "Above the Shots: An Oral History of the Kent State Shootings," by Craig S. Simpson and Gregory S. Wilson.

Sick and Tired: Health and Safety Inequalities - Premji, Stephanie (Fernwood Publishing, 2018)
Bringing together a multidisciplinary group of experts from the fields of labour studies, public health, ergonomics, epidemiology, sociology and law, Sick and Tired examines the inequalities in workplace health and safety. Using an anti-oppressive framework, chapters interrogate a wide range of issues, including links between precarious employment and mental health, the inverse relationship between power and occupational health through the experiences of women, immigrants and older workers, and the need for creative strategies that promote health and safety in ways that support empowerment and equity. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1050362662
Keywords: Canada. BUSINESS & ECONOMICS; Canada. Equality; Canada. Industrial safety; Economics; General. Equality. Industrial hygiene. Industrial safety; Industrial hygiene

La position des centrales syndicales et des organisations patronales à l'égard de l'immigration au Québec, de 1965 à 1995 - Provost-Turgeon, Florence (Université de Montréal, 2018)
Ce mémoire porte sur l’immigration au Québec en comparant le point de vue des principales organisations représentant le monde patronal et le monde syndical de l965 à 1995. Les instances étudiées sont, du côté patronal : le Conseil du patronat du Québec (CPQ) et la Chambre de commerce du district de Montréal (CCDM). Du côté syndical, nous analysons le discours des principales centrales, soit la Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), la Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ) et la Centrale de l’enseignement du Québec (CEQ). Avec l'augmentation constante du nombre d'immigrants et la diversification de leurs origines, la période étudiée se caractérise par la volonté du gouvernement québécois de prendre en charge les politiques d’immigration et d’intégration des immigrants à la société québécoise. Désireux d'intervenir conjointement avec le gouvernement fédéral, il crée, en 1968, un ministère de l'Immigration. Tout au long de la période étudiée, des négociations entre les deux paliers de gouvernement se traduisent par des ententes qui définissent la marge de manoeuvre de l'État québécois et guident ses actions en matière d'immigration et d'intégration. Au cours des années 1980, l'État québécois se dote d'une politique d'intégration et d'encadrement des immigrants qu’il qualifie d’interculturalisme, destinée à promouvoir la reconnaissance de la pluralité ethnoculturelle et l'adhésion de tous les citoyens à la langue française. En participant aux consultations publiques du gouvernement et en présentant des réclamations, les organisations patronales et syndicales tentent d'influencer les politiques d'immigration. Chaque instance développe une manière particulière d’analyser les questions liées à l’immigration. Dans une large mesure, leurs discours se rejoignent sur l’idée que le gouvernement du Québec prenne en charge le domaine de l’immigration et sur l’apport bénéfique des immigrants pour la société québécoise. Bien souvent cependant, elles s’opposent sur les normes de sélection et sur la manière de mettre en application les politiques d’immigration.
https://doi.org/1866/20151

Framing Work: Unitary, Pluralist and Critical Perspectives in the Twenty-first Century ; Perspectives on Contemporary Professional Work - Quinlan, Michael (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The article reviews the books, "Framing Work: Unitary, Pluralist and Critical Perspectives in the Twenty-first Century," by Edmund Heery, and "Perspectives on Contemporary Professional Work," edited by Adrian Wilkinson, Donald Hislop and Christine Coupland.

Protecting Labor Rights in Preferential Trade Agreements: The Role of Trade Unions, Left Governments, and Skilled Labor - Raess, Damian; Dür, Andreas; Sari, Dora (The Review of International Organizations, 2018)
This paper investigates variation in the design of labor provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) by focusing on the power of trade unions, the role of government partisanship, and the relative strength of skilled labor. We expect strong trade unions and left-leaning governments to be associated with more, and more far-reaching labor provisions in PTAs. We also expect the strength of skilled workers relative to the strength of unskilled workers to negatively correlate with the depth of labor provisions in PTAs. In addition, the effect of trade unions should be conditional on both the presence of left government and democracy. We test these hypotheses relying on an original dataset of labor provisions included in 483 PTAs signed between 1990 and 2016. This dataset covers 140 different labor provisions that relate to six overarching dimensions. The quantitative analysis finds support for the expectations concerning the influence of trade unions and the role of a country’s skill profile.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11558-018-9301-z
Keywords: Design of international institutions; Human rights; Labor provisions; Non-trade issues; Preferential trade agreements

De l'universel au particulier : les luttes en faveur des droits humains au Québec, de l'après-guerre à la Révolution tranquille - Rainville, Paul-Étienne (Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2018)
Notre thèse porte sur l' histoire du militantisme en faveur des droits humains au Québec, de la fm de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale aux premières années de la Révolution tranquille. Elle s'appuie sur une analyse comparative des discours et des revendications portés par quatre organisations issues du mouvement syndical (la Fédération des travailleurs du Québec et la Confédération des travailleurs catholiques du Canada), de la communauté juive (le Congrès juif canadien) et du mouvement étudiant francophone montréalais (l'Association générale des étudiants de l' Université de Montréal). À travers ces quatre études de cas, nous mettons en lumière le rôle déterminant des organisations non gouvernementales et des groupes et individus victimes d'atteintes à leurs droits dans les processus de réappropriation, d'internalisation et de diffusion des idéaux des droits humains à l'échelle locale et nationale. En exposant les similitudes et les spécificités des trajectoires de ces organisations, de même que l'étendue de leurs réseaux d'alliances, nous démontrons que le discours des droits humains s'est érigé comme un important instrument de mobilisation, de contestation et de changement social pour les principaux groupes et mouvements sociaux actifs au Québec dans les deux décennies suivant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Fondée sur une approche multiscalaire, notre recherche porte une attention particulière aux réseaux transnationaux dans lesquels s' inscrivent les acteurs que nous étudions et aux enjeux internationaux qui influencent leur combat pour la reconnaissance de droits humains à l' échelle locale, nationale, régionale et mondiale. À partir de cette dialectique globale-locale, nous démontrons l'impact déterminant du mouvement international des droits humains sur l'évolution des débats qui agitent la société québécoise, mais aussi le rôle structurant du contexte local, marqué par le passage de la période dite de la « Grande noirceur» à celle de la Révolution tranquille au Québec. Sur le plan théorique, notre étude explore la manière dont les identités et les rapports de pouvoirs ethniques, de classe, d'âge et de genre contribuent à orienter les discours, les revendications et les stratégies des militants qui se revendiquent de l'idéal universaliste des droits humains. En nous inspirant des approches discursive, délibérative et socioconstructiviste, nous montrons que ces droits ne constituent pas un idéal abstrait et universel qui serait par essence désintéressé. Ils apparaissent en effet, sur le plan empirique, comme une catégorie discursive socialement construite et historiquement contingente, qui peut être mobilisée, négociée ou contestée par les acteurs sociaux en fonction de leurs idéologies, de leurs intérêts, de leurs stratégies et de leurs propres conceptions du juste et de l'injuste. Enfm, en envisageant ces droits dans leur dimension formelle (les normes établies par l' État, le droit et la loi) et identitaire (la reconnaissance d' identités sociales et citoyennes), nous mettons en lumière la dialectique entre universalisme et particularisme qui est à l'oeuvre dans l'universalisationconcrète de l' idéal des droits humains.

May Morris: Arts and Crafts Designer - Ramsay, Ellen L. (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "May Morris: Arts and Crafts Designer," by Rowan Bain, Hanne Faurby, Jenny Lister, Anna Mason, and Jan Marsh.

Inclusive Leadership: Realizing Positive Outcomes through Belongingness and Being Valued for Uniqueness - Randel, Amy E.; Galvin, Benjamin M.; Shore, Lynn M.; Ehrhart, Karen Holcombe; Chung, Beth G.; Dean, Michelle A.; Kedharnath, Uma (Human Resource Management Review, 2018)
We introduce a theoretically-grounded conceptualization of inclusive leadership and present a framework for understanding factors that contribute to and follow from inclusive leadership within work groups. We conceptualize inclusive leadership as a set of positive leader behaviors that facilitate group members perceiving belongingness in the work group while maintaining their uniqueness within the group as they fully contribute to group processes and outcomes. We propose that leader pro-diversity beliefs, humility, and cognitive complexity increase the propensity of inclusive leader behaviors. We identify five categories of inclusive leadership behaviors that facilitate group members' perceptions of inclusion, which in turn lead to member work group identification, psychological empowerment, and behavioral outcomes (creativity, job performance, and reduced turnover) in the pursuit of group goals. This framework provides theoretical grounding for the construct of inclusive leadership while advancing our understanding of how leaders can increase diverse work group effectiveness.

Spying on Canadians: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Security Service and the Origins of the Long Cold War - Reilly, Frances (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Spying on Canadians: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Security Service and the Origins of the Long Cold War," by Gregory S. Kealey.

Topics a Union President Visited to Mobilize Members - Reshef, Yonatan; Keim, Charles (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
We analyze four calls to action issued by the British Columbia Teachers’ Federation (BCTF) president, Jim Iker. These appeals sought to mobilize members during the 2013-2014 collective bargaining that pitted the BCTF against the British Columbia government and the direct employer, the British Columbia Public School Employers’ Association. We apply a “theory of rhetoric” developed by Chaim Perelman to locate and analyze the topics the BCTF president used to persuade his members to adhere to his arguments about the merit of collective action. We argue that the president constructed his rhetoric by visiting five topics—urgency, fairness, futility, agency, and integrity. The first three promoted a utilitarian logic for collective action. Iker used them to persuade teachers, and other stakeholders, that collective action was necessary for addressing the problem—the futility of the bargaining process to produce a negotiated fair agreement due to the government’s reluctance to bargain in good faith. The last two topics—agency and integrity—comprised a rhetoric of comfort and reassurance offering an affective logic for acting collectively. At least some union members, as well as other stakeholders, might have felt that teachers are expected to care for their charges in the classroom rather than on the picket line, by withdrawing services they monopolize. Iker used the topics of agency and integrity to remind everyone that defending students, young teachers, the teaching profession, and the education system was commendable, and reassured them that collectively they would not be ignored and nor would they fail. In short, we have pointed out five topics that the president visited to mobilize his members to collective action. They highlight a unique rhetoric that aimed to persuade teachers to become agents of protest. Our case study methodology did not allow us to generalize our findings, which more research is, thus, needed to corroborate.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

Becoming Your Own Device: Self-Tracking Challenges in the Workplace - Richardson, Steven; Mackinnon, Debra (Canadian Journal of Sociology, 2018)
Workplaces have long sought to improve employee productivity and performance by monitoring and tracking a variety of indicators. Increasingly, these efforts target the health and wellbeing of the employee – recognizing that a healthy and active worker is a productive one. Influenced by managerial trends in personalized and participatory medicine (Swan 2012), some workplaces have begun to pilot their own programs, utilizing fitness wearables and personal analytics to reduce sedentary lifestyles. These programs typically take the form of gamified self-tracking challenges combining cooperation, competition, and fundraising to incentivize participants to get moving. While seemingly providing new arrows in the bio-political quiver – that is, tools to keep employees disciplined yet active, healthy yet profitable (Lupton 2012) – there is also a certain degree of acceptance and participation. Although participants are shaped by self-tracking technologies, “they also, in turn, shape them by their own ideas and practices” (Ruckenstein 2014: 70). In this paper, we argue that instead of viewing self-tracking challenges solely through discourses of power or empowerment, the more pressing question concerns “how our relationship to our tracking activities takes shape within a constellation of habits, cultural norms, material conditions, ideological constraints” (Van Den Eede 2015: 157). We confront these tensions through an empiric case study of self-tracking challenges for staff and faculty at two Canadian universities. By cutting through the hype, this paper uncovers how self-trackers are becoming (and not just left to) their own devices.
Number: 3
Keywords: Organizational studies

Réflexions sur les mutations de la négociation collective - Rioux, Claude (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Mon allocution s’inspire de mon expérience et traite de ma réflexion sur la négociation collective, que j’ai longuement fréquentée et pratiquée à la Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN) en tant que négociateur syndical dans le secteur manufacturier au Québec et, par la suite, à titre de formateur et collaborateur auprès du Bureau international du Travail (BIT). Je ferai ressortir, à l’aide d’exemples que j’ai vécus, la nature et l’impact des mutations qui ont eu cours quant au rôle régulateur de la négociation collective, ainsi que sur les capacités délibérative et d’adaptation des syndicats. Je traiterai de ce sujet en trois temps. –Introduction

Travail invisible : portraits d'une lutte féministe inachevée - Robert, Camille; Toupin, Louise (Remue-ménage, 2018)
Encore invisible, le travail des femmes? La question peut faire sourciller tant les féministes ont obtenu des gains sur ce front au cours des dernières décennies. Or, si les femmes ont massivement intégré le marché de l'emploi, le travail dit invisible, majoritairement effectué par celles-ci, n'a fait que croître et se complexifier. En plus du strict travail ménager, il se présente sous de multiples visages: la charge mentale de l'organisation familiale, le travail invisible d'intégration des femmes immigrantes, le travail des proches aidantes, celui des aides familiales venues d'ailleurs, des femmes autochtones et racisées, des étudiantes stagiaires, ou encore, des travailleuses du sexe. Comment se décline l'enjeu du travail invisible dans différents milieux, et où en sont les revendications pour faire reconnaître ce travail et le sortir de l'ombre? Rassemblant des militantes féministes et des intellectuelles engagées sur ces questions, cet ouvrage collectif entend remettre le sujet du travail invisible à l'ordre du jour politique tout en proposant des pistes de réflexion et de mobilisation concrètes. Encore invisible, le travail des femmes? La question peut faire sourciller tant les féministes ont obtenu des gains sur ce front au cours des dernières décennies. Or, si les femmes ont massivement intégré le marché de l'emploi, le travail dit invisible, majoritairement effectué par celles-ci, n'a fait que croître et se complexifier. En plus du strict travail ménager, il se présente sous de multiples visages: la charge mentale de l'organisation familiale, le travail invisible d'intégration des femmes immigrantes, le travail des proches aidantes, celui des aides familiales venues d'ailleurs, des femmes autochtones et racisées, des étudiantes stagiaires, ou encore, des travailleuses du sexe. Comment se décline l'enjeu du travail invisible dans différents milieux, et où en sont les revendications pour faire reconnaître ce travail et le sortir de l'ombre? Rassemblant des militantes féministes et des intellectuelles engagées sur ces questions, cet ouvrage collectif entend remettre le sujet du travail invisible à l'ordre du jour politique tout en proposant des pistes de réflexion et de mobilisation concrètes. Des textes de Stella Adjokê, Sandrine Belley, Sonia Ben Soltane, Annabelle Berthiaume, Jenn Clamen, Hélène Cornellier, Irène Demczuk, Myriam Dumont Robillard, Claudia Foisy, Monica Forrester, Elizabeth James, Elene Lam, Widia Larivière, Valérie Lefebvre-Faucher, Linda Li, Camille Robert, Annabelle Seery, Valérie Simard et Louise Toupin. – Résumé de l'éditeur
OCLC: 1080196797
Keywords: Charge cognitive; Femmes; Femmes Droit Québec (Province); Femmes Travail Canada Québec (Canada); Femmes Travail Québec (Province); Femmes au foyer; Femmes au foyer Québec (Province); Féminisme; Housekeepers; Housewives; Housewives Québec (Province); Québec; Travail; Travail domestique; Travail et vie personnelle; Travail non rémunéré; Unpaid labor; Women Employment; Women Employment Québec (Province); Women Legal status; laws; etc; Women Legal status; laws; etc. Québec (Province); housewives (people); Égalité des sexes Canada Québec (Canada)

Unions and the City: Negotiating Urban Change - Rose, Joseph B. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Unions and the City: Negotiating Urban Change," edited by Ian Thomas MacDonald.

Labor Under Fire: A History of the AFL-CIO since 1979 - Rosenfeld, Sam (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Labor Under Fire: A History of the AFL-CIO since 1979" by Timothy J. Minchin.

Trust and Antitrust: The Failure of the First National Hockey League Players' Association, 1956-1958 - Ross, J. Andrew (Hockey: Challenging Canada's Game, Au-Delà Du Sport National, 2018)
Revised version of the article published in 2010.
OCLC: 1031964184
Keywords: Canada; Hockey Aspect social Canada; Hockey Social aspects; Hockey Social aspects Canada; SPORTS & RECREATION History

The Complexities of Worker Anti-Unionism - Ross, Stephanie (Labour Under Attack: Anti-Unionism in Canada, 2018)
Analyzes some of the practices that cause discontent within unions including weaknesses in equity, internal politics, and decision-making practices.

“Caterpillar Hates Unions More Than It Loves Profits”: The Electro-Motive Closure and the Dilemmas of Union Strategy - Ross, Stephanie; Russell, Jason (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The February 2012 closure of London, Ontario’s Electro-Motive Diesel by the notoriously anti-union US multinational Caterpillar symbolizes the deep challenges faced by private sector unions in globalized industries. This closure was the final blow in Caterpillar’s negotiations with Canadian Auto Workers Local 27. This article explores the implications of changes in corporate structure, investment, and labour-relations strategy in manufacturing that have reduced capital’s dependence on production and increased corporate power over workers. Through a detailed case study based on extensive analysis of a range of sources, the authors argue that union strategy must be guided by a more differentiated understanding of corporate structure. While unions can effectively mobilize in response to attacks by anti-union employers, union strategy must first be rooted in a careful study of the employer’s structure, strengths and weaknesses, and industry context. Second, unions must develop capacities to intervene at scales beyond the local employment relationship and community. Third, unions must consider more carefully the nature of the various forms of power they seek to deploy and how these forms of power can amplify each other. Even the most effective campaigns will fail to muster leverage over an employer or industry if they neglect developing these forms of knowledge and capacity.

Labour Under Attack: Anti-Unionism in Canada - Ross, Stephanie; Savage, Larry (Fernwood, 2018)
This multi-disciplinary edited collection critically examines the causes and effects of anti-unionism in Canada. Primarily through a series of case studies, the book’s contributors document and expose the tactics and strategies of employers and anti-labour governments while also interrogating some of the labour movement’s own practices as a source of anti-union sentiment among workers. – Publisher's description
Keywords: Labour; Unions

Brokering Servitude: Migration and the Politics of Domestic Labor during the Long Nineteenth Century - Rothera, Evan C. (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Brokering Servitude: Migration and the Politics of Domestic Labor during the Long Nineteenth Century," by Andrew Urban.
Keywords: 19th century; Book reviews; Business And Economics–Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics–Personnel Management; Domestic politics; Domestic service; Domestics; Housework; Labor Unions; Labor migration; Middle class; Migration; Politics

Journalists Organize the Thomson Newspaper Chain: A Labour Union Standpoint to News Organizations - Salamon, Errol (McGill University, 2018)
In this dissertation, I outline a history of the labour union organizing efforts of journalists at the Thomson Newspapers chain in Canada from 1963 to 1995. Such organizing efforts provide an entry point into examining control over employment conditions in the newspaper industry. To undertake this study, I develop an analytical framework that I call a “labour union standpoint to news organizations” and a “labour union standpoint methodology.” I conduct a historical and labour union standpoint analysis of nine labour organizing campaigns, situating them within their broader political, economic, and social-historical contexts. I draw on union archival documents, newspaper content, corporate and government documents, and a critical review of the published body of literature. Between 1963 and 1995, Thomson adopted a long-term strategy of vertical growth, expanding from radio broadcasting and newspapers into other media. The corporation also adopted a strategy of horizontal growth, building a newspaper chain through acquisitions, and typically obtained a monopoly or oligopoly in the markets in which it operated. Thomson consistently had double-digit profit margins and was among the “big three” newspaper chains in Canada with regard to number of daily newspapers owned, share of total daily newspaper circulation, or share of total revenues. In response, Thomson journalists organized labour unions to protect their employment conditions. Accordingly, I consider the labour organizing tactics that journalists’ unions adopted to “bite back” at the corporation and the communication tools that they used to facilitate those tactics.My analysis reveals that journalists’ unions contested and negotiated control over employment conditions within news organizations. The outcomes of union organizing efforts were contingent upon the local circumstances of the journalists, unions, and management at a particular newspaper within the chain. While journalists’ union organizing campaigns were sometimes unsuccessful, journalists were more successful when they focused on building bridges with community members rather than developing communication tools such as strike newspapers. Some journalists’ unions challenged the established social relations and advanced social transformation by mobilizing massive community support, connecting their workplace struggles to broader social issues, and creating publicity campaigns to communicate these struggles to the public.
Keywords: Art History and Communications Studies

Practicing Precarity: The Contested Politics of Work Experience in Cultural Industries - Sarjeant, Elizabeth Anne (Simon Fraser University, 2018)
Over the past decade in Canada, student work has become a topic of public criticism, legal action, academic research, and labour activism. Cultural industry employers’ use of unpaid, low-paid, and flexibilized labour in the form of internships and other kinds of ‘work experience’ raises questions about the future of work in already precarious fields such as news production, advertising, television, and film. Against the backdrop of neoliberal processes still shaping universities and labour markets, the student worker emerges as a strategic figure in the contested politics of cultural work. This thesis offers a theoretical and empirical investigation of the dominant discourse and counter-discourse through which work experience is constructed, legitimized, critiqued, and re-visioned. Drawing on autonomist Marxist theory, critical philosophies of education, and feminist political economy, I situate cultural work experience as a discursive site where struggles over knowledge production and labour rights become visible and urgent.

Contemporary Slavery: Popular Rhetoric and Political Practice by Christo Aivalis - Savage, Larry (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Contemporary Slavery: Popular Rhetoric and Political Practice," by Christo Aivalis.

An Introduction to Anti-Unionism in Canada - Savage, Larry; Ross, Stephanie (Labour Under Attack: Anti-Unionism in Canada, 2018)
This chapter describes the multi-faceted dynamics of anti-unionism in Canada, and considers how the labour movement might respond. Authors Larry Savage and Stephanie Ross describe the history of anti-unionism in politics, law, and Canadian culture while paying special attention to employer union avoidance tactics and the influence of mainstream media on the public perception of unions. –Introduction

Organizing Against the Odds: Anti-Unionism in Niagara's Casino Gaming Sector - Savage, Larry; Ruhloff-Queiruga, Nick (Labour Under Attack: Anti-Unionism in Canada, 2018)
This chapter examines union avoidance strategies in Canada's growing casino gaming sector through a case study of six successive failed unionization drives at Niagara's casinos between 1996 and 2016. –Introduction

Socialism & Universal Basic Income - Sculos, Bryant (Class, Race and Corporate Power, 2018)
The idea of universal basic income (UBI) has taken on new life as people experience greater inequality and greater exploitation than ever before—combined with the recurrence of the historically-cyclical fear of mass unemployment driven by rapid advancements in automation technologies. But the idea of providing every person with a certain amount of money, regardless of their socioeconomic status or (in)ability to or (dis)interest in working, is far from universally-accepted by socialists. This essay offers replies to three common socialist criticisms of various basic income proposals, in an effort to defend the radical potential of UBI; a potential that is consonant with the fundamental goal of the socialist project—achieving a democratic, non-exploitative world beyond capitalism.

Contract U: Contract Faculty Appointments at Canadian Universities - Shaker, Erica; Pasma, Chandra (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2018)
Canadian universities are relying heavily on precariously-employed faculty on campus. Once among the most secure professions in the country, by 2016-17 contract jobs in the sector accounted for the majority (53.6 percent) of all university faculty appointments, according to data obtained through Freedom of Information requests to all 78 publicly-funded Canadian universities. The findings show that reliance on contract faculty is a foundational part of the system, and has been for at least a decade. This report is the first-ever snapshot of the prevalence of university contract jobs, where they’re located, and what departments are more likely to offer contract work instead of permanent, secure academic appointments.
ISBN 978-1-77125-427-4

No Temporary Solution: Ontario’s Shifting College and University Workforce - Shaker, Erica; Shaban, Robin (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2018)
While post-secondary institutions are places of learning, they also employ thousands of people across a broad spectrum of job classifications. This report explores the extent to which workers in Canada’s post-secondary institutions are experiencing precarity. More precisely, it asks whether employment on university and college campuses in Ontario is becoming more precarious, for whom and for what reasons. This report combines quantitative analysis of Labour Force Survey (LFS) data with qualitative accounts of the lived experience of precarity from post-secondary employees. Overall, the LFS data analysis suggests that 53% of post-secondary education workers in Ontario are, to some extent, precariously employed. Specifically, the report identifies a rise in work categories that are more precarious (e.g., research assistants and teaching assistants) alongside a decline in others that have traditionally been less precarious (e.g., librarians).

Inclusive Workplaces: A Review and Model - Shore, Lynn M.; Cleveland, Jeanette N.; Sanchez, Diana (Human Resource Management Review, 2018)
Organizations continue to be challenged and enriched by the diversity of their workforces. Scholars are increasingly focusing on inclusion to enhance work environments by offering support for a diverse workforce. This article reviews and synthesizes the inclusion literature and provides a model of inclusion that integrates existing literature to offer greater clarity, as well as suggestions for moving the literature forward. We review the inclusion literature consisting of the various foci (work group, organization, leader, organizational practices, and climate) and associated definitions and how it has developed. We then describe themes in the inclusion literature and propose a model of inclusion. Finally, we end by discussing theoretical and practical implications.

Unions and the City: Negotiating Urban Change - Siemiatycki, Myer (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Unions and the City: Negotiating Urban Change," edited by Ian Thomas MacDonald.

Empty Promises: Why Workplace Pension Law Doesn't Deliver Pensions - Skerrett, Kevin (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Empty Promises: Why Workplace Pension Law Doesn't Deliver Pensions" by Elizabeth Shilton.

The First Canadian Bank Strike: Labour Relations and White-Collar Union Organizing during the Second World War - Smith, Julia Maureen (Canadian Historical Review, 2018)
When members of the Office and Professional Workers Organizing Committee (opwoc), employed by the Banque Canadienne Nationale (bcn), set up picket lines at branches in Montreal on 30 April 1942, they began the first strike in the Canadian banking industry. This article analyzes the four-week strike, and the organizing drive that preceded it, as a way of exploring how changes in the relationship between labour, capital, and the state during the Second World War helped or hindered unionization in unorganized industries - areas with limited or non-existent levels of union representation and often predominantly female and racialized workforces. By examining this failed white-collar strike in relation to the substantial increase in labour organizing that occurred in the 1940s and the concomitant changes to the labour relations system, we can consider the effect that these changes had for different types of workers. A closer look at the first Canadian bank strike shows that the changes made to the labour relations system in this period made little difference for the men and women who joined opwoc: the state continued to hamper their organizing effgorts, and the banks continued to oppose and work to thwart unionization. Half-hearted support from labour leaders compounded the problem. Ultimately, the bank's anti-union behaviour, the regional war labour board's drawn-out and disappointing decision on bcn employees' application for increased compensation, and labour leaders' willingness to accept the board's decision undermined the strike and hindered bank workers' efforts to unionize in the early 1940s.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329226472_The_First_Canadian_Bank_Strike_Labour_Relations_and_White-Collar_Union_Organizing_during_the_Second_World_War

Hesitant Comrades: The Irish Revolution and the British Labour Movement - Smylie, Patrick (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Hesitant Comrades: The Irish Revolution and the British Labour Movement" by Geoffrey Bell.

Staying Afloat in the Typing Pool: P.K. Page, Poetry, and the Modern Office - Stacey, Robert (Journal of Canadian Studies, 2018)
In the first few years of the 1940s, poet P.K. Page was employed as a filing clerk for Allied War Supplies, a Montreal-based war firm tasked with producing and distributing materials needed for Canada's war effort. During this time, Page joined the editorial committee of Preview, a socialist poetry magazine to which she contributed a number of poems about office work, workers, and managerial culture. This essay reads that remarkable set of poems through a double lens: it first explores their documentary and diagnostic value as an insider's view of the office during what Graham S. Lowe calls the "administrative revolution"; it then shows how the socialist "work" of these poems is constrained by an aesthetic philosophy that defines the poet and poetry in opposition to labourers and labour-a stance that introduces a number of contradictions that account for the poems' strangely ambivalent and patronizing tone.

Refinery Town: Big Oil, Big Money, and the Remaking of an American City - Stanford-McIntyre, Sarah (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Refinery Town: Big Oil, Big Money, and the Remaking of an American City," by Steve Early.

The Contradictions of Pension Fund Capitalism - Stevens, Andrew (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "The Contradictions of Pension Fund Capitalism," edited by Kevin Skerrett, Johanna Weststar, Simon Archer, and Chris Roberts.

Globalization and Labour in the Twenty-First Century - Stevis, Dimitris (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Globalization and Labour in the Twenty-First Century," by Verity Burgmann.

Equal Education, Unequal Jobs: College and University Students with Disabilities - Stewart, Jennifer M.; Schwartz, Saul (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Are students with a permanent disability more likely to drop out of post-secondary education than students without a permanent disability? Once they are out of postsecondary education, do their experiences in the labour market differ? Answers to these questions are necessary to evaluate current policies and to develop new policies. This paper addresses these two questions using a unique data set that combines administrative records from the Canada Student Loans Program with survey responses. Our measure of permanent disability is an objective one that requires a physician’s diagnosis. The survey data supply information on the students’ education and labour market status. Simple descriptive statistics suggest that, compared to students without a permanent disability, students with a permanent disability are equally likely to drop out of postsecondary education, but less likely to be in the labour force and more likely to be unemployed. We use propensity score matching to address potential selection into the group of students who documented their disability. The results using propensity score matching are consistent with the descriptive statistics. Our story is one of an underpublicized success—the rising number of students with disabilities in postsecondary institutions and their equal likelihood of graduation—and a persistent problem—the continued disadvantage that people with disabilities, even those with the same educational attainment as people without disabilities, face in the labour market.
Keywords: SnR_publicationTitle_Relations industrielles_Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations_2025-09-22T15:31:55.974Z

How Do Expectations Influence Labour Supply? Evidence from Framed Field Experiments - Stockley, Lisa Marie (University of Toronto, 2018)
Models of reference dependence have improved the connection between economic theory and documented labour supply behaviour. In particular, the Kőszegi and Rabin (2006, 2007, 2009) [hereafter "KR"] theory of expectation based reference dependent preferences appears to be a disciplined way to unify the conflicting wage elasticity estimates, and recent laboratory and natural experiments suggest this theory may work in practice as well. I take this theory to the field in a pair of laboratory-like experiments designed to test if expectations determine the effort of a group of impoverished individuals involved in piece-rate work in Northeast Brazil. I use Abeler, Falk, Goette, and Huffman's (2011) experimental mechanism, which is a clear test of KR preferences in effort provision, in two experiments: first to test if rational expectations act as a reference point that influences effort, and second to test if adaptive expectations act as a reference point that influences effort. In both experiments, I find that although people do not behave in accordance with KR preferences, they do not behave as though they make their decisions following canonical lines either. I then outline a speculative rationale for the observed behaviour in these experiments—the adaptive heuristic of regret matching—where workers are able to evaluate their ex-post feelings of regret, even if they do not know the source of those feelings, to optimize behaviour going forward.

Precarious Work and Winner-Take-All Economies - Strauss, Kendra (The New Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, 2018)
This chapter examines the concept of precariousness in work in relation to income and labour market polarization. Although there is growing interest in the separate but related notion of precarity in human geography, economic and labour geographers have engaged less with the literature on precarious work and the decline of the standard employment relation. This chapter provides a brief overview of how precarious employment is understood, before turning to focus on two particular dimensions: the role of labour market intermediaries, and the challenges of regulation in an era of flexible work.
https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780198755609 OCLC: 1024215761
Keywords: Economic geography; Economic geography Handbooks; manuals; etc; Guides et manuels; Géographie économique; Géographie économique Guides; manuels; etc; Handbook; Handbooks and manuals; Wirtschaftsgeografie

Reproduction, Justice and Spatialities of Power - Strauss, Kendra (Handbook on the Geographies of Power, 2018)
Feminist theories of social reproduction are theories of the gendered nature of power and domination. This seems axiomatic, and the recent upsurge of interest in social reproduction in human geography (Casolo and Doshi, 2013; Holloway and Pimlott-Wilson, 2016; Hopkins, 2015; Jackson and Neely, 2015; Kofman, 2012; Pimlott-Wilson, 2015; Rioux, 2015) in part relates to the continuing urgency of the need to understand the relationship between social difference and the exercise of power in the contemporary space economy. The elision of reproductive relations and the gendered norms that undergird them from accounts of economic and political crisis, despite decades of feminist research and activism, continues almost unabated. This elision reveals as much as it obscures, shining a light on the politics of knowledge production inside and outside of the academy and bolstering the sense among proponents of the upsurge of feminist theory and social reproduction – myself included – that ‘theory as usual’ is not an option. The conjunctural crisis affecting political economic and ecological foundations of contemporary societies does not sit above the epiphenomena of social relations and related social infrastructures, although there is little to acknowledge their fundamental interrelationship in many accounts of crisis. At the same time, however, the landscape of what we might broadly characterize as ‘feminist theory’ is highly variegated, with ongoing tensions among those who identify with post-structuralist, radical and political economic traditions. Nancy Fraser has famously characterized these tensions as struggles over redistribution versus recognition, where the latter is identified with (oft-conflated) post-structuralism and identity politics. JK Gibson-Graham, on the other hand, has associated Marxian political economic approaches (including the concept of social reproduction) with capital-centrism and deep-seated androcentrism. Feminism is itself a house divided. These divisions are perhaps inevitable on a terrain as broad and uneven as feminism. Nor is a unified, monolithic feminism necessarily desirable. The conceptualization of power is itself a key site of differentiation within feminist theory and research. Fraser, a feminist theorist and political philosopher of the Critical Theory school, has received relatively little attention in human geography – far less than one of her main sparring partners and interlocutors, Judith Butler. But, as I argue in this chapter, her body of work is a rich, if not unproblematic, resource not only for feminist geographers but for all of us who are, or should be, interested in how power, inequality and justice are interrelated with reproduction of and through difference.
https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/usd/handbook-on-the-geographies-of-power-9781785365638.html OCLC: 1020310187
Keywords: Géographie politique; Human geography; Krieg; Körper; Macht; Political geography; Politische Geografie; Pouvoir (Sciences sociales); Power (Social sciences); Raum; Umwelt; Wirtschaft

Labour Arbitration in Canada - Talarico, Andrea (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The articles reviews the book, "Labour Arbitration in Canada," by Morton Mitchnick and Brian Etherington.

Conflits et résistances au travail - Thuderoz, Christian (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Conflits et résistances au travail," by Yvan Sainsaulieu.

Stolen City: Racial Capitalism and the Making of Winnipeg - Toews, Owen (ARP Books, 2018)
Through a combination of historical and contemporary analysis this book shows how settler colonialism, as a mode of racial capitalism, has made and remade Winnipeg and the Canadian Prairie West over the past one hundred and fifty years. It traces the emergence of a 'dominant bloc, ' or alliance, in Winnipeg that has imagined and installed successive regional development visions to guarantee its own wealth and power. The book gives particular attention to the ways that an ascendant post-industrial urban redevelopment vision for Winnipeg's city-centre has renewed longstanding colonial 'legacies' of dispossession and racism over the past forty years. In doing so, it moves beyond the common tendency to break apart histories of settler-colonial conquest from studies of urban history or contemporary urban processes. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1035328736
Keywords: City planning; City planning Manitoba Winnipeg History; History; Manitoba; Manitoba Winnipeg; Race relations; Racism Economic aspects; Racism Economic aspects Manitoba History; Racisme Aspect économique Manitoba Histoire; Urbanisation Manitoba Winnipeg Histoire; Urbanisme Manitoba Winnipeg Histoire; Urbanization; Urbanization Manitoba Winnipeg History; Winnipeg (Man.) Histoire; Winnipeg (Man.) History; Winnipeg (Man.) Race relations History; Winnipeg (Man.) Relations raciales Histoire

Managing Performance through Training and Development - Traoré, Ahmed A. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Managing Performance through Training and Development," 7th ed., by Alan M. Saks and Robert R. Haccoun.

La grève générale des charpentiers-menuisiers de Montréal, 1833-1834 : réévaluation d’un acte fondateur autour du concept de légitimité - Tremblay, Robert (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
L’histoire est bien connue. En 1833, peu avant que ne débute la saison de la construction, les compagnons charpentiers-menuisiers de Montréal annoncent qu’ils ne travailleront plus au-delà de dix heures par jour, faute de quoi ils recourront à la grève. À la suite d’une victoire partielle auprès des employeurs, le mouvement reprend de plus belle en 1834 et s’étend même aux maçons, aux cordonniers, aux tailleurs et aux boulangers de Montréal. Une alliance de plusieurs maîtres fera toutefois échouer ce mouvement pour la journée de dix heures, dès le mois de mai 1834. Contrairement à ce que prétendait jadis Catherine Vance dans un article de la revue The Marxist Quarterly, rédigé en 1962, nous croyons que l’enjeu de la grève des charpentiers-menuisiers dépassait la seule réclamation de la journée de dix heures. Une enquête approfondie dans les sources nous révèle que nous avons affaire en fait à une lutte de pouvoir entre une nouvelle oligarchie d’entrepreneurs-architectes et une coalition de compagnons et de petits entrepreneurs artisans qui souhaitaient faire reconnaître leur légitimité, dans un contexte où les traditions et les coutumes mutualistes reliées à la pratique du métier de charpentier-menuisier étaient menacées pour la première fois par l’action souterraine de l’économie marchande. Il ressortira de ce conflit deux visions du monde : une conception républicaine du bien commun et de la justice sociale, et une conception libérale du droit de propriété et de l’autorité.

Une nouvelle rubrique sur les politiques du travail et de l’emploi / A New Column on Labour and Employment Policies - Trudeau, Gilles; Bilodeau, Pier-Luc (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)

BC Teachers’ Federation v British Columbia: The Supreme Court Takes a School Holiday - Tucker, Eric (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Constitutional labour rights in Canada now protect workers’ freedom to organize and bargain collectively and to strike. These associational freedoms are especially important for public sector workers, the most frequent targets of legislation limiting their freedoms. However, the Supreme Court of Canada judgments recognizing these rights and freedoms have also introduced important ambiguities about their foundation, scope and level of protection. This brief comment locates these ambiguities in the context of Canada’s political economy and industrial relations regime, which are beset by contradiction and conflict. It then explores the origins and development of the jurisprudential ambiguities in constitutional labour rights through a survey of recent Supreme Court of Canada’s labour rights judgments, including most recently British Columbia Teachers’ Federation and British Columbia (2016).

Unions in Court: Organized Labour and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Tucker, Eric (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Unions in Court: Organized Labour and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms" by Larry Savage and Charles W. Smith.

Health, Labour, and the Environment: A Social Economic Analysis - Tumpane, Sara Kathleen (York University, 2018)
In this dissertation, I explore several social economic topics, including health, labour, and the environment. Although the chapters of this dissertation explore diverse subjects, the overall theme is to analyze important social issues and their policy implications. I made use of a variety of rich datasets, as well as employing various econometric analyses, often supported by a theoretical model, to examine the research topics identified in each chapter. In Chapter 1, I explore a 1997 policy change, which altered eligibility requirements for Disability Insurance (DI). While DI in Canada provides income support to millions, it has also been criticized for creating a disincentive for labour force participation. The 1997 change affected some Canadians, but not others, creating a natural experiment setting in which to explore this policy. I found that, following the tightening of eligibility requirements, relative labour force participation for women did increase, but their level of employment did not. There was little effect for men. This distinction between labour force participation and employment is a crucial one in this context: it indicates that what may appear to be individuals returning to work after not being eligible for DI may instead be individuals returning to the labour force, but unable to find suitable employment. In Chapter 2, I examine whether searching for health information on the internet acts as a complement or substitute for the demand for information from physicians (proxied by physician visits). I found that the effect on physician-based information hinged on an individuals prior trust in the formal medical sector: those with high prior trust tended to use health information searching on the internet as a complement for physician visits, whereas, those with low prior trust substituted away from physician visits in favour of information found online. The results were very similar when a telehealth program was examined instead of internet-based information. Further, those who were online health information searchers also tended to be more likely to use a telehealth program. This is a reassuring result, as it may mean that those who substituted out of the formal medical sector, in favour of health online information, may also be using the more quality-controlled telehealth programs. In Chapter 3, I explore how attitudes towards the environment affect behaviours in five key areas of environmental-related household consumption: waste generation and recycling, energy use, organic food consumption, personal transport, and water use. Prior studies have not examined these areas together, often due to data restrictions, and not in the context of environmental attitudes. Using a modelling procedure that allows for the errors in these five areas to be correlated, I found that attitudes were often a more significant predictor of ones behaviour than the financially driven policy implemented in the area.

Multinational Enterprises and Host Country Development - Turki, Sondes (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
The articles reviews the book, "Multinational Enterprises and Host Country Development," edited by Holger Görg.

L’obligation de disponibilité du salarié au-delà de son temps et de son lieu de travail : les enseignements de la Cour suprême du Canada dans Association des juristes de justice c Canada (Procureur général) - Vallée, Guylaine (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Un employeur peut-il imposer à ses employés des périodes de garde obligatoires pendant lesquelles ils doivent être joignables en tout temps afin de pouvoir se rendre au travail rapidement et être en état d’accomplir leur prestation de travail ? Dans un arrêt rendu en 2017, la Cour suprême du Canada estime qu’une telle politique ne constitue pas un exercice raisonnable des droits de direction de l’employeur, mais qu’elle ne porte pas atteinte au droit à la liberté des employés protégé par la Charte canadienne. La démarche utilisée par la Cour pour apprécier ce qu’est l’exercice raisonnable d’un droit de direction représente la principale retombée de cet arrêt. Toutefois, l’analyse de l’obligation de disponibilité sous l’angle de l’atteinte aux droits fondamentaux des employés reste à faire.

The Raiding of Local 480: A Historic Cold War Struggle for Union Supremacy in a Small Canadian City - Verzuh, Ron (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The arduous struggle to form Local 480 of the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers (Mine-Mill) at Trail, British Columbia, began in 1938. By 1944 it had been certified as the legal bargaining agent for the 5,000 workers at the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada (cm&s). But being certified did not spell the end of its problems. Even as World War II was winding down, local and continental anti-Communists attacked the Communist leaders who had founded the local. Among the most determined of the attackers was the United Steelworkers of America (uswa). As the Cold War began, Local 480 was girding for a two-year battle to protect itself from the raiding uswa. Sanctioned by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (cio) to subsume Mine-Mill across North America, the Steelworkers employed an aggressive anti-Communist strategy. In early 1950, when this account begins, Local 480 was in a fight for its life.

From Balconville to Condoville, but Where Is Co-opville? Neighbourhood Activism in 1980s Pointe-Saint-Charles - Vickers, Simon (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
Historians of postwar Canada have relegated neighbourhood activism to specific periods of city-wide mobilization. In Montréal, for example, authors who participated in or studied urban social movements describe a rapid decline in activism following the first sovereignty referendum in 1980. This periodization of activism has privileged the experiences of a mostly middle-class left who circulated in activist networks spanning the city and has largely ignored the experiences of working-class people who could not afford to stop organizing in their neighbourhoods. During the 1980s, residents in the Montréal neighbourhood of Pointe-Saint-Charles launched projet St-Charles, a plan to build 500 units of co-operative housing to buttress the deindustrializing area against gentrification. Co-ops were a form of low-income housing that some felt could also serve as the organizational basis for a broader movement of poor and working-class people. Plans did not progress exactly as intended; internal race, gender, class, generational, and linguistic tensions within the neighbourhood complicated attempts by local organizers to build a representational movement, as did the social-spending cutbacks that characterized the neoliberal 1980s. Rather than abandon their principles, projet organizers continued to develop co-op housing, thereby sheltering a social fabric and radical critique in Pointe-Saint-Charles from the violent restructuring of the neoliberal city.

Stitch-by-Stitch: An Unsettling Labour of Re-inscription - Vosters, Helene (Canadian Theatre Review, 2018)
On Canada Day 2017, author Helene Vosters hosted a Stitch-by-Stitch Unsettling Canada 150 sewing circle and picnic. Despite intermittent thundershowers, with umbrellas and soggy red thread in hand, a group of twenty to thirty intrepid stitchers embroidered text from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s (TRC) 94 Calls to Action onto Canadian flags. By the time Canada 150 reached its Canada Day zenith, Vosters asserts, it had already become increasingly apparent that the story of a beneficent Canadian nation committed to equity and multicultural inclusivity that the celebrations sought to engender had been significantly eclipsed in mainstream and social media by critiques of the sesquicentennial’s ahistorical premise and its disregard for the ongoing violent effects of settler-colonialism. Against this backdrop, Vosters weaves reflections of the sewing circle as a labour of reinscription with an inquiry into the value (and pitfalls) of embracing what Stó:lō scholar Dylan Robinson and settler scholar Keavy Martin call everyday “aesthetic actions.”

Refus global. Histoire d'une réception partielle - Warren, Jean-Philippe (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Refus global. Histoire d'une réception partielle," by Sophie Dubois.

Expedited Arbitration: A Study of Outcomes and Duration - Webb, Shannon R.; Wagar, Terry H. (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
In both academic and practitioner communities, there is an increased concern related to the time-consuming nature of the traditional labour arbitration system in Canada. The arbitration process was initially instituted to combat the delays and costs experienced in the courts. This study addresses the gap in the scientific literature by considering these ongoing concerns. Many Canadian jurisdictions offer the parties an opportunity to expedite the arbitration process pursuant to applicable legislation. However, despite the opportunity to accelerate the process, there appears to be a reluctance to use the expedited arbitration system. We performed content analysis on over 550 Canadian expedited and traditional labour arbitration cases. The case sample was limited to termination cases. We studied and compared delay at multiple times during the arbitration process, including the delay to the hearing, delay to the arbitration award, and total delay. Furthermore, we studied the case outcome; specifically, whether the grievance was granted or denied and adopted an ordered analysis to investigate differences in case outcomes. Our results support the perception that there is a difference in the expediency of expedited arbitration cases in comparison with traditional arbitration cases. The results also show that the outcomes of dismissal cases, decided in the expedited system, do not significantly differ from the traditional arbitration system. The findings suggest that there are statutorily available opportunities for the parties to accelerate the arbitration process without compromising the results.

Faculty Associations Confront Accountability Governance in Ontario Universities - Webber, Michelle; Butovsky, Jonah (Canadian Journal of Higher Education / Revue canadienne d'enseignement supérieur, 2018)
Much literature focusing on the academy is concerned with the spread of neo-liberalism into the university sector. We argue that universities in Canada are operating in an era of “accountability governance,” with ideologies, discourses, and practices centred on quality, accountability, and efficiency. We explore the interplay between accountability governance as a regime of power and the work of faculty associations, especially as they strive to preserve faculty members’ professional autonomy and control over their academic work. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with executive members of several Ontario university faculty associations, we explore themes of neo-liberalization and corporatization of the university, shrinking faculty budgets, program reviews, and strategic mandates. While opportunities for action and resistance for faculty unions arise, particularly at the level of senate, more militancy and radicalism are not favoured by many members, as political action is often seen as “unprofessional.”

The Struggle for Development - Weier, Jonathan (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "The Struggle for Development," by Benjamin Selwyn.

Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland - Weir, Robert (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
This article reviews the book, "Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland" by Steven Parfitt.

A Century of Transnationalism: Immigrants and their Homeland Connections - Weise, Julie M. (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "A Century of Transnationalism: Immigrants and their Homeland Connections," edited by Nancy L. Green and Roger Waldinger.

Prévenir les risques psychosociaux : une étude des perceptions et des pratiques des employeurs - Weissbrodt, Rafaël; Arial, Marc; Graf, Maggie; Ben Jemia, Tarek; Villaret D’Anna, Christine; Giauque, David (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
L’article porte sur les pratiques mises en oeuvre pour prévenir les risques psychosociaux (RPS) dans les entreprises. Selon les connaissances scientifiques actuelles, réduire ces risques requiert une approche intégrée qui vise à développer les ressources collectives et individuelles des travailleurs, ainsi qu’à réduire leurs contraintes professionnelles. Toutefois très peu de publications ont porté sur la façon dont les employeurs appréhendent effectivement ces questions. L’objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre les pratiques de prévention déclarées par des dirigeants d’entreprises, en relation avec la manière dont ils perçoivent l’exposition de leur personnel aux RPS. Nous avons élaboré un cadre d’analyse exploratoire des relations entre la prévention des RPS, la perception des facteurs de risques par les employeurs et diverses caractéristiques des entreprises. Ce cadre a servi de base à une enquête auprès de 404 établissements. À partir d’analyses factorielles et de régressions multiples, l’étude a fait émerger deux modes de prévention : 1- des mesures de gestion spécifique des RPS axées sur les procédures et la formation et liées principalement au risque d’atteinte à l’intégrité personnelle (harcèlement, agressions, discrimination, confrontation à des événements traumatisants) ; et 2- des mesures d’amélioration générale des conditions de travail (organisation, horaires, équipements et environnement de travail) qui peuvent contribuer à renforcer les ressources, mais que les employeurs ne perçoivent guère comme de la prévention des RPS. Les pratiques sont liées à des variables structurelles, ainsi qu’aux modes de participation et de gestion des risques professionnels dans leur ensemble, davantage qu’à la perception de l’employeur concernant l’exposition aux RPS. Les résultats soulignent deux défis pour les autorités. Le premier consiste à faire adopter par les entreprises une approche plus globale, non centrée sur les phénomènes de harcèlement. Le second réside dans le renforcement de mesures de prévention ayant un impact favorable sur l’activité réelle de travail.

The Significance and Shortcomings of Karl Marx - Wright, Chris (Class, Race and Corporate Power, 2018)
In this essay I explain both why Karl Marx remains an important thinker and why he is in some respects inadequate. I focus on the central issue of 'materialism vs. idealism,' and briefly explore ways in which contemporary intellectuals still haven't assimilated the insights of historical materialism. In the last section of the paper I examine the greatest weakness of Marxism, its theory of proletarian revolution, and propose an alternative conceptualization that both updates the theory for the twenty-first century and is more faithful to historical materialism than Marx's own conception was.

Cuban Revolution in America: Havana and the Making of a United States Left, 1968-1992 - Wright, Cynthia (Labour / Le Travail, 2018)
The article reviews the book, "Cuban Revolution in America: Havana and the Making of a United States Left, 1968-1992," by Teishan A. Latner.

Comment saisir la portée des mobilisations de travailleurs informels et précaires ? Une approche féministe matérialiste appliquée à l'économie solidaire brésilienne - Yerochewski, Carole (Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2018)
Comment analyser la montée de ces nouveaux mouvements de travailleurs que représentent les mobilisations des travailleurs informels et précaires, oů les femmes tiennent une place importante, y compris en termes de leadership ? Les approches traditionnelles en sociologie et en relations industrielles évoquent une montée des identités sociales par rapport aux identités professionnelles, comme s'il s'agissait de la montée d'intérets spécifiques. Â partir d'une redéfinition ontologique du travail qu'ouvre l'approche féministe matérialiste, cet article propose une autre lecture des objets de conflictualité amenés par les mobilisations de travailleuses et de travailleurs informels. Il s'appuie, pour ce faire, sur une étude de cas effectuée dans l'économie solidaire brésilienne et sur le concept d'identité collective de Melucci. Il explore la façon dont ces nouveaux mouvements de travailleurs définissent les processus d'exploitations et de dominations a combattre et la façon dont ils mettent en pratique leurs visions du changement social. Ľarticle met ainsi en lumiére la portée émancipatrice des transformations de leur rapport au travail et souligne, a l'opposé, les réductionnismes qui animent les stratégies syndicales, en particulier quand elles prétendent défendre les droits des travailleurs en développant des coopératives compétitives. Cette approche, qui reconnaît le caractére situé des connaissances, permet de mieux saisir la portée des mobilisations dans l'économie solidaire et le pourquoi des tensions entre syndicats et travailleurs précaires et informels lors des luttes menées par ces derniers.
Keywords: Business And Economics–Labor And Industrial Relations; Business And Economics–Personnel Management; Case studies; Cooperatives; Dominance; Exploitation; Females; Feminism; Group identity; Identity; Labor Unions; Labor movements; Labor parties; Labor relations; Leadership; Mobilization; Rapport; Reductionism; Rights; Sex roles; Social change; Social cohesion; Sociology; Solidarity movements; Studies; Workers

Living Wage for Families Campaign Submission to the BC Fair Wages Commission - Ogle, Deanna (Living wage for families campaign, 2017)
The Living Wage for Families Campaign advocates for employers to sign on to pay a living wage to all direct and contract service staff as well as does policy advocacy on issues that impact working families. Since 2008, we have partnered with the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives to calculate the living wage in Metro Vancouver. Additionally, we support 20 communities across BC in calculating a local living wage. The living wage is a bare bones calculation that, through a methodology established in consultation with academics, employers, and low-wage workers, determines how much a family needs to earn to meet their expenses in a particular region. Living wages across BC vary from $20.62/hr in the lower mainland to $18.77 in Revelstoke to $15.90 in the Fraser Valley. There is no community in BC that has a living wage that is lower than $15/hr.

Bureaucratic Role Perceptions and Gender Mainstreaming in Canada: Role Perceptions and Gender Mainstreaming - Scala, Francesca; Paterson, Stephanie (Gender, Work & Organization, 2017)
Since the mid‐1990s, governments have adopted gender mainstreaming (GM) as a strategy for achieving gender equality and improving women's social, economic and political conditions. Yet, studies indicate that GM continues to be unevenly implemented, both within and across countries. To explain this outcome, this paper focuses on the local implementers of GM — the gender focal points — and how they understand GM and interpret it in their everyday work. Drawing upon interviews with gender focal points in the Canadian public service, we explore how bureaucratic role perceptions shape how these local actors understand GM and how they navigate the complex terrain between bureaucratic neutrality and the equality agenda of gender mainstreaming. Our exploratory study shows no common understanding among our interviewees, revealing how the meaning of gender mainstreaming varies depending on whether the public servant views himself or herself as policy analyst, policy advisor or policy advocate. Based on these insights, we conclude with suggestions for future research on gender mainstreaming.

Integration of Immigrants and Temporary Migrants into the Labour Market in Quebec and Canada: New Perspectives on Contexts and Actors - Ledent, Jacques; Chicha, Marie-Thérèse; Arcand, Sébastien (Canadian Ethnic Studies, 2017)
In the decades after World War II, immigrants generally managed to fit into the Canadian labour market without too many obstacles. Even when they were poorly educated, they found adequate jobs in the secondary sector, particularly in manufacturing. Moreover, if they were initially paid less than the natives, they tended to catch up after about fifteen years. In the early 1970s, however, when the thirty-year postwar boom gave way to a period of restructuring the productive system, the ensuing strong expansion of the tertiary sector resulted in fewer suitable employment opportunities for immigrants. The Canadian and Quebec governments responded by putting in place a policy that sought to select their immigrants on the basis of human capital characteristics. This policy continues to this day, especially because the world of work is currently engaged in a new phase of transformation linked to the development of the knowledge economy.

Sex and Salaries at a Canadian University: The Song Remains the Same or the Times They Are a Changin'? - Brown, Laura K.; Troutt, Elizabeth (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
We examine whether a sex-based salary gap identified at the University of Manitoba in 1993 and 2003 persists in 2013. We apply decomposition techniques to analyze the factors contributing to the salary gap in each year and to its changes across the two decades. We find that a smaller but substantial 12 percent gap persists in 2013. In contrast to previous years, the 2013 gap is completely explained by sex differences in faculty, experience, and, more important, type of appointment and rank. The distribution of values of these control variables changed considerably between the earlier years and 2013 in ways that influenced the gap.

Minimum wage: How much is too much? - Marion, Stefane; Arseneau, Matthieu (National Bank of Canada, 2017)
In June the Ontario government announced its intention to raise the province’s minimum wage by the most in 50 years: 23% this January 1 and another 7% a year later. This move would raise the ratio of minimum wage to average hourly earnings in Ontario from the current 44% to 53% on January 1 and 55% a year later. There is only one precedent among the four largest provinces in Canada for an increase of the minimum wage to such ratios, the experience of Quebec in 1975. Two years after its introduction, this increase was found to be counterproductive. The segments of the labour force most likely to be affected by a surge in the minimum wage are youth (people aged 15-24) and recent immigrants (those landed less than five years ago).

Are Quebecers More Stressed Out at Work than Others? An Investigation into the Differences between Quebec and the Rest of Canada in Level of Work Stress - Sedigh, Golnaz; Devlin, Rose Anne; Grenier, Gilles (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
Work stress is costly and decreases productivity. Quebecers are much more likely to report high work stress than other Canadians. Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey spanning 2003–2012, we study the determinants of reported work stress. Chronic disease, mental health, and lifestyle choices all contribute to work stress. Despite including a large variety of influences, living in Quebec is persistently associated with higher work stress. We discuss contextual and cultural factors. No one explanation stands out, but Quebecers are absent from work more often than others, suggesting that the costs of this phenomenon are real.

Revitalizing Union Representation through Labor Education Initiatives: A Close Examination of Two Trade Unions in Quebec - Laroche, Mélanie; Dufour-Poirier, Mélanie (Labor Studies Journal, 2017)
This article aims to explain whether and to what extent formal and informal labor education and training initiatives help increase union participation among young members. Between 2009 and 2014, twenty-two interviews were conducted with ten national union leaders and twelve young leaders in two trade union organizations operating in the public and private sectors in Quebec. To complement these data, fifty-three focus group discussions were held, involving more than four hundred thirty young members (under the age of thirty). Our results reveal the presence of three areas of tension associated with the internal functioning of these unions. They also point out some factors that may boost the participation of young workers, internally.

Toward a National Universal Guaranteed Basic Income - Stevens, Harvey; Simpson, Wayne (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
There is renewed discussion of a basic or guaranteed income at both the federal and the provincial levels in Canada, but counterarguments about the cost, work disincentives, and electoral appeal of such schemes remain challenging. In this article, we argue that a grand plan for a basic or guaranteed income is unnecessary because self-financing redesign of existing tax credits to be refundable can better target benefits to low-income families while improving tax equity. Using 2015 tax and transfer parameters and estimates of income and population, we assess the federal transfer system as a source of universal income security, identify the revenues that can be raised through the elimination of selected federal tax credits, present four options that could be financed within that budget constraint, assess their performance, and select our preferred universal basic guaranteed income (UGBI) option. We then provide a more detailed assessment of the impact of our preferred UGBI design and discuss the extension of that design to provincial tax and transfer systems. We estimate that the combined federal and provincial UGBI that we propose would effectively target benefits to low-income households and virtually eliminate poverty for all but single non-elderly individuals at a modest efficiency cost in terms of work disincentives.

Canada 150: Fisherman Homer Stevens became fearless fighter for working British Columbians - Hume, Steven (Vancouver Sun, 2017)
Homer Stevens spent his life fighting for the working people. Fearless, passionate, honest, a straight-talking champion of social justice, a civil libertarian, a tough labour leader, an environmentalist before the term was coined, he believed political engagement was the best way to defend and advance democracy. –Introduction

Leaving Work, Leaving Home: Job Loss and Socio-Geographic Mobility in Canada - Denier, Nicole (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
The recent economic downturn magnified a routine occurrence in the Canadian labour market: job loss resulting from an employer downsizing, moving, or going out of business. Nevertheless, even in times of economic expansion, rates of involuntary job loss persist across a wide range of demographic and labour market groups. Moving is one way individuals may respond to job loss, relocating either to cheaper housing or in search of work. Drawing on data from the 1996–2010 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this article examines the relationship between job loss and geographic mobility in Canada and provides evidence on the types of neighbourhoods to which individuals move. The findings establish job loss both as a key life course transition motivating residential mobility and long-distance migration in Canada and as a trigger event that initiates entry into high-deprivation areas.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313485728_Leaving_Work_Leaving_Home_Job_Loss_and_Socio-Geographic_Mobility_in_Canada

L'histoire des moyens de pression des employés-es des services d'entretien des entreprises de transport en commun à Montréal, 1903-2016 - Desmarais, Jacques (Histoire des syndicats (Centre d'histoire et d'archives du travail), 2017)
À l'occasion du lancement du Fonds Syndicat du transport de Montréal (Employés-es des services d'entretien - CSN), nous avons cru opportun de présenter une composante de l'histoire de l'action syndicale de ces milliers de travailleurs et travailleuses qui ont concouru durant plus de cent ans au fonctionnement du service de transport en commun à Montréal.

Understanding the STEM Path through High School and into University Programs - Dooley, Martin; Payne, Abigail; Steffler, Mitchell; Wagner, Jessica (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
We use two administrative data sets to examine the correlates of (a) taking the high school courses needed for university science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs and (b) applying to and registering in such programs. Staying on the STEM path during high school depends most importantly on math and science grades at each level. Factors such as gender, immigration status, and average neighbourhood income play relatively smaller roles. These two sets of factors play similar roles in the transition to university STEM programs. These results raise challenging questions of what lies behind the differences in critical factors among high school students.

Constructing the Global History of the Knights of Labor - Parfitt, Steven (Labor, 2017)
The Knights of Labor became one of the great global working-class movements of the nineteenth century between 1880 and 1900, extending from New Zealand to Belgium, Scotland to South Africa. That story, however, has been told only in fragments, on local, regional, and national levels. No truly global history of the Knights of Labor yet exists. This article brings together what historians have so far uncovered of their activities outside Canada and the United States, provides an outline of what their global history might look like, and shows how that history enriches our understanding of national labor histories across the world and of the Knights themselves in their American home. Finally, this article addresses the wide range of historical topics that would benefit from such a global history, including labor and imperial history and the construction of gender and color lines on an international scale during the nineteenth century.

The Manitoba Basic Annual Income Experiment: Lessons Learned 40 Years Later - Simpson, Wayne; Mason, Greg; Godwin, Ryan (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
The recent announcements of the Ontario Basic Income Pilot and Finland's cash grants to jobless persons reflect the growing interest in some form of guaranteed annual income (GAI). This idea has circulated for decades and has now been revived, no doubt prompted by concerns of increased inequality and employment disruptions. The Manitoba Basic Annual Income Experiment (Mincome), conducted some 40 years ago, was an ambitious social experiment designed to assess a range of behavioural responses to a negative income tax, a specific form of GAI. This article reviews that experiment, clarifying what exactly Mincome did and did not learn about how individuals and households reacted to the income guarantees. This article reviews the potential for Mincome to answer questions about modern-day income experiments and describes how researchers may access these valuable data.

Challenges Confronting the Canadian Automotive Parts Industry: What Role for Public Policy? - Holmes, John; Rutherford, Tod; Carey, Jeffrey (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
This article reports on a recent survey of Canadian automotive component manufacturing plant managers that focused on issues related to innovation and the influence of public policy on plant-level competitive strategies and performance. Three questions are addressed: (a) Do public policies inhibit or contribute to plant success, (b) does the experience of Canadian-owned plants differ from that of foreign-owned plants, and (c) does the experience of small- and medium-sized plants differ from that of large plants? The analysis is first situated within the context of the industry and recent Canadian automotive and manufacturing policy and concludes with the implications of our findings for public policy development.

Doors Closed and Opportunities Missed: Lessons from Failed Automotive Investment Attraction in Canada in the 1980s - Mordue, Greigory D. (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
During the 1980s, Canada's automotive manufacturing assembly landscape changed when five new manufacturers from outside of North America made large-scale investments. The industry shifted from one focused on US-owned corporations to one with a much more international orientation. Because of the success Canada enjoyed in attracting foreign automotive investment, one might conclude that those engaged in the process did so with a coherent plan and that the period was marked by one success after another. The reality, however, is that several misses also occurred. Layering archival sources and interviews with secondary sources, this article contributes to the history of the economic development of Canada's automotive industry. Through this, important lessons for policy-makers are offered: The process of goal and policy congruence is demonstrated; one sees how dominant personalities can override governance mechanisms, even in large corporations; and one observes the capacity of exogenous factors to affect the best-laid plans.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311528164_Doors_Closed_and_Opportunities_Missed_Lessons_from_Failed_Automotive_Investment_Attraction_in_Canada_in_the_1980s

When an Auto Industry Disappears: Australia's Experience and Lessons for Canada - Stanford, Jim (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
All three global automakers currently manufacturing vehicles in Australia have announced their total shutdown of operations there by 2017. This shutdown has sparked some fears that Canadian auto manufacturing may follow a similar trajectory. This article reviews the factors contributing to the closures in Australia and considers key structural, economic, and policy differences between the Australian and Canadian cases. The Canadian industry enjoys several structural advantages compared with Australia, chief among them its large and bilateral trade relationship with the United States. These advantages suggest that the Canadian industry has a better prognosis.

Abstracts / Résumés [v. 80, Fall 2017] (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
English/French abstracts of articles in the Fall 2017 issue.

Contributors / Collaborateurs (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
List of contributors to the current issue.

Contributors / Collaborateurs (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
List of contributors to volume 80.

Toronto Workers' History Project: The Story Continues (2017)
Mission statement: The Toronto Workers History Project (TWHP) is a large group of workers, unionists, professors, students, artists, teachers, librarians, educators, researchers, community activists, and retirees dedicated to the preservation and promotion of the history of working people in Toronto. We are committed to bringing to light the experiences of working people and their contributions as individuals and collectively to the building of this city, in the home, in the paid workplace, and in the community. We want to highlight the vitality and creativity of working-class cultures in the history of Toronto. We are determined to include the full diversity of working-class experience, including women, indigenous people, racialized people, people with disabilities, and gays, lesbians, and trans people. We embrace the histories of people from all parts of the world. We aim to make these stories available through a variety of media for audiences of all ages and backgrounds. We want to educate the people of Toronto and beyond, but also to inspire activists in social-justice and labour movements with the lessons from the past for the struggles to change the world today.

Global Inequality: A New Approach for the Age of Globalization - Abdou, Abdella Abdulkadir (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Global Inequality: A New Approach for the Age of Globalization," by Branko Milanovic.

Canada Since 1960, a People's History: A Left Perspective on 50 Years of Politics, Economics, and Culture - Aivalis, Christo (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Canada Since 1960, a People's History: A Left Perspective on 50 Years of Politics, Economics, and Culture," edited by Cy Gonick.

Roundtable on Re-Imagining Forms and Approaches to Workplace Representation: Introduction - Archer, Simon; Slinn, Sara (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
The nature of work has undergone tremendous change in recent decades, and these changes have been well documented and widely debated. Similarly, the adequacy of regulation and institutions of work to operate in the face of these transformations has been questioned. Much attention has been devoted to the condition of this decline. Work and workplaces have been reorganized (in one memorable phrase, "fissured"),' increased intermediation in the traditional employment relationship has made it more difficult to identify the "real employer," and fewer "employees" exist, as precarious work and contracting-out of work has grown. These workers are more difficult to organize, and labour and employment relations regulatory schemes have failed to respond robustly or effectively to these changed conditions. Equal attention has been paid to the causes of the decline in union density: the "globalization of production" through technological and communications innovations, the offshoring of work (even work previously thought to be impervious to this trend), the expansion of the financial sector and the proliferation of its meth- ods and values into the productive or "real" economy (a process called financialization), the privatization of formerly public goods and services, and the reorganization of firms to (re)focus on "core competencies" and contract out peripheral functions. Even if all of these possible causes were overcome, workers' attitudes toward traditional organizations such as unions and even toward workers' identities as such have also changed profoundly, and organizing worker voice and collective bargaining has become more challenging.

The Daunting Enterprise of the Law: Essays in Honour of Harry Arthurs - Archer, Simon; Zumbansen, Peer; Drache, Daniel (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2017)
Harry Arthurs, professor emeritus at Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto and former president of York University, is one of the most widely respected scholars, educators, and policy makers in the world today. His enormous academic and institutional productivity has extended to administrative and labour law, legal pluralism and legal theory, legal education and institutional reform. This collection brings together essays, thought pieces, reminiscences and commentaries written in honour of Arthurs from scholars and colleagues from around the world whose work and thinking has been shaped by Arthurs' contributions over the years. –Publisher's description.
OCLC: 959691731
Keywords: Administrative Law & Regulatory Practice. LAW / General; Canada. LAW; Labor laws and legislation

Zone grise d’emploi, pouvoir de l’employeur et espace public : une illustration à partir du cas Uber - Azaïs, Christian; Dieuaide, Patrick; Kesselman, Donna (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
L’article propose une grille de lecture des transformations de la relation d’emploi dans le cadre de la globalisation des marchés à partir de la notion de « zone grise d’emploi » (ZGE). Cette notion, forgée à l’origine par le juriste A. Supiot, pour désigner une convergence de situation entre l’« état de subordination » des salariés et des travailleurs indépendants est reprise et discutée dans le cadre élargi d’une « relation d’emploi avec tiers ». Ce cas de figure renvoie à un contexte d’internationalisation de la production où la relation employé-employeur ne se résume pas à une relation de face à face, mais dépend d’un ensemble de parties prenantes impliquées dans les conditions qui président à son organisation et sa gestion. L’article propose une définition de la ZGE qui ne se limite pas à souligner un défaut d’institutionnalisation dans la règle de droit, mais considère que tout « écart à la norme » est devenu la règle et non plus l’exception. La ZGE est définie comme « espace public » entendu comme un espace de délibération où les jeux d’intérêt et les relations de pouvoir se coordonnent ou se confrontent pour la constitution d’un ordre de régulation hybride, public et privé, formel et informel. L’intérêt de cette notion est de porter un autre regard sur les transformations de la relation d’emploi. En prenant la firme Uber comme exemple, l’article montre que l’on ne peut réduire la question de l’emploi des chauffeurs prestataires au paradigme juridique standard qui limiterait le débat entre choisir le statut de travailleur indépendant ou celui de salarié. La diversité, mais aussi la fragilité des jugements prononcés par les tribunaux, leurs caractères partiels et toujours provisoires, laissent deviner que la situation socio-professionnelle des chauffeurs, si elle relève de l’« indécidable » au plan du droit, ne peut être comprise sans prendre en considération l’action des États, des territoires et de la société civile dans le jeu de la régulation.

The Mismanaged Soul: Existential Labor and the Erosion of Meaningful Work - Bailey, Catherine; Madden, Adrian; Alfes, Kerstin; Shantz, Amanda; Soane, Emma (Human Resource Management Review, 2017)
Meaningful work has been defined as work that is personally enriching and that makes a positive contribution. There is increasing interest in how organizations can harness the meaningfulness of work to enhance productivity and performance. We explain how organizations seek to manage the meaningfulness employees experience through strategies focused on job design, leadership, HRM and culture. Employees can respond positively to employers' strategies aimed at raising their level of experienced meaningfulness when they are felt to be authentic. However, when meaningfulness is lacking, or employees perceive that the employer is seeking to manipulate their meaningfulness for performative intent, then the response of employees can be to engage in “existential labor” strategies with the potential for harmful consequences for individuals and organizations. We develop a Model of Existential Labor, drawing out a set of propositions for future research endeavors, and outline the implications for HRM practitioners.

‘How Could Management Let This Happen?’ Gender, Unpaid Work and Industrial Relations in the Nonprofit Social Services Sector - Baines, Donna; Cunningham, Ian (Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2017)
In order to compete in increasingly tight quasi-markets generated by government cutbacks and contracting-out, management in nonprofit agencies have argued that wages and benefits must be reduced or jobs and services will be cut. These arguments have motivated some of the female-majority workers to join and/or organize unions and undertake strike action. Focusing on two case studies exploring restructuring in the highly gendered nonprofit social services in two liberal welfare states (Scotland and Canada), this article explores shifts in industrial relations at the agency level, as well as workforce resistance and union activism. Through the analysis of gendered unpaid work and gendered forms of social and union solidarity, this article extends feminist political economy and mobilization theory. It also suggests convergences at several layers of practice and policy, including private and nonprofit industrial relations cultures, managerialism and the underfunding of contracted-out government services.

Filling the Gaps: Unpaid (and Precarious) Work in the Nonprofit Social Services , - Baines, Donna; Cunningham, Ian; Shields, John (Critical Social Policy, 2017)
Unpaid work has long been used in nonprofit/voluntary social services to extend paid work. Drawing on three case studies of nonprofit social services in Canada, this article argues that due to austerity policies, the conditions for ‘pure’ gift relationships in unpaid social service work are increasingly rare. Instead, employers have found various ways to ‘fill the gaps’ in funding through the extraction of unpaid work in various forms. Precarious workers are highly vulnerable to expectations that they will ‘volunteer’ at their places of employment, while expectations that students will undertake unpaid internships is increasing the norm for degree completion and procurement of employment, and full-time workers often use unpaid work as a form of resistance. This article contributes to theory by advancing a spectrum of unpaid nonprofit social service work as compelled and coerced to varying degrees in the context of austerity policies and funding cutbacks., Unpaid work has long been used in nonprofit/voluntary social services to extend paid work. Drawing on three case studies of nonprofit social services in Canada, this article argues that due to austerity policies, the conditions for ‘pure’ gift relationships in unpaid social service work are increasingly rare. Instead, employers have found various ways to ‘fill the gaps’ in funding through the extraction of unpaid work in various forms. Precarious workers are highly vulnerable to expectations that they will ‘volunteer’ at their places of employment, while expectations that students will undertake unpaid internships is increasing the norm for degree completion and procurement of employment, and full-time workers often use unpaid work as a form of resistance. This article contributes to theory by advancing a spectrum of unpaid nonprofit social service work as compelled and coerced to varying degrees in the context of austerity policies and funding cutbacks.

Deported: Immigrant Policing, Disposable Labor, and Global Capitalism - Bavery, Ashley Johnson (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Deported: Immigrant Policing, Disposable Labor, and Global Capitalism," by Tanya Maria Golash-Boza.

The Mill: Fifty Years of Pulp and Protest - Baxter, Joan (Pottersfield Press, 2017)
The Mill - Fifty Years of Pulp and Protest explores the power that a single industry can wield. For fifty years, the pulp mill near Pictou in northern Nova Scotia has buoyed the local economy and found support from governments at all levels. But it has also pulped millions of acres of forests, spewed millions of tonnes of noxious emissions into the air, consumed quadrillions of litres of fresh water and then pumped them out again as toxic effluent into nearby Boat Harbour, and eventually into the Northumberland Strait. From the day it began operation in 1967, the mill has fomented protest and created deep divisions and tensions in northern Nova Scotia. This story is about people whose livelihoods depend on the pulp mill and who are willing to live with the "smell of money." It's about people whose well-being, health, homes, water, air, and businesses have been harmed by the mill's emissions and effluent. It's about the heartache such divisions cause and about people who, for the sake of peace, keep their thoughts about the mill to themselves. But it's also about hope, giving voice to those who led the successive groups that have protested and campaigned for a cleaner mill - First Nations, fishers, doctors, local councillors, tourism operators, artists and musicians, teachers and woodlot owners. Their personal stories are interwoven into a historical arc that traces the mill's origins and the persistent environmental and social problems it causes to this day. Baxter weaves a rich tapestry of storytelling, relevant to everyone who is concerned about how we can start to renegotiate the relationship between economy, jobs, and profits on one hand, and human well-being, health, and the environment on the other. The Mill tells a local story with global relevance and appeal. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 988154806
Keywords: Economic conditions; Environmental aspects; History; Northern Pulp (Pictou; N.S.); Nova Scotia Pictou; Pictou (N.S.); Pulp mills; Social aspects; Social conditions; Wood-pulp industry

Everyday Landscapes: Picturing Places of Labour, Leisure, and Industry in Quebec's Eastern Townships, 1900-2015 - Beaudoin, Caroline (Concordia University, 2017)
Focusing on the Eastern Townships area of Quebec, this dissertation attends to the complex values that can be assigned to landscape as visual representation, and to landscape as place. The case-studies, beginning at the turn of the 20th-century, consider landscape in relation to a broad network of social relations and cultural meanings. Section I of the thesis starts by examining paintings and illustrations of loggers by F.S. Coburn as a way to address the logging industry in the Eastern Townships, and to consider the presence or absence of labour in landscape representation. Section II concentrates on early 20th-century postcards of towns, sites of leisure and asbestos mines in the region. I approach these postcards as modern material agents that articulate the everydayness of landscape and place through their imagery, as well as through their usage. Section III comes up to the present day through a discussion of an eco-park in Magog that negotiates the tension between ecological activism and eco-tourism, as the Eastern Townships struggles to achieve a post-industrial identity. Organized into three chronological and overlapping sections that span 115 years of one region's history, the thesis develops an approach to landscape that is both art-historical and interdisciplinary. This study builds on recent scholarship within Canadian art history that challenges the association of landscape art with a myth about the country’s uninhabited wilderness; the region's landscapes studied here are inhabited, and imbued with rural, industrial and bilingual histories. The visual culture methodology deployed here means that canonical modes of artistic landscape representations are addressed relative to landscape images circulating on postcards, newspaper and book illustrations, documentary photographs, a labour recruitment booklet and an ecopark's website for example. The theoretical and scholarly foundation of this thesis has been constructed by drawing on discussions of landscape by art historians, but also by sociologists, geographers, anthropologists, and philosophers. It is this interdisciplinary breadth that allows landscapes to be regarded as sites of everyday human interactions, that inevitably intersect with collective, commercial and political motives, and with cultural ideals, interests, and values. The writings of Henri Lefebvre on the value of the everyday have been important for this thesis, as has his critique of capitalist practices of labour and leisure. Another key author is Félix Guattari who was also highly critical of capitalism, while turning his attention to the state of the world's post-industrial ecology. Likewise, this thesis calls attention to the role of capitalist initiatives in the production of everyday landscapes. This analysis of diverse landscape images is meant to shed light on the Eastern Townships' complex identity as it transitions from a former industrial modern era to its current post-industrial phase. This thesis asks what the term landscape has come to imply measured against social tensions relating to class differences, or economic and environmental imperatives, and how its range of meanings can encompass territory, property, picture, place, and environment.
See also this summary: https://quescren.concordia.ca/en/search?page-len=1&sort=score&page=65&all=labour

Assurer son employabilité militante externe par la mobilisation du capital social : le cas des ex-permanents syndicaux lors d’une reconversion en dehors du syndicat - Becdelièvre, Pauline de; Grima, François (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
À partir d’une recherche qualitative auprès de 48 ex-militants syndicaux ayant eu plus de 80% de leur temps de travail pour leur syndicat, de 10 directeurs des Ressources humaines et de trois organisations syndicales, une organisation patronale et un cabinet d’accompagnement, cet article questionne la reconversion des militants syndicaux en dehors de la sphère syndicale. En s’appuyant sur le contexte français et la littérature existante sur la reconversion des militants syndicaux, nos travaux soulignent les stratégies mises en place par les ex-militants afin d’assurer leur employabilité militante externe.Ces stratégies sont influencées par la perception qu’ils ont de leur employabilité. Plusieurs facteurs externes et individuels affectent cette perception. Les facteurs individuels sont le capital social perçu, la nature du départ (subi ou volontaire), le niveau de poste précèdent et le niveau atteint dans l’organisation syndicale. Ces facteurs individuels n’expliquent pas tout. D’autres facteurs externes, tels la stigmatisation dont peut faire l’objet le militant à cause de son engagement syndical, le lien contractuel et l’accompagnement du syndicat, expliquent la perception que le militant a de son employabilité. Celle-ci entraine soit une non mobilisation du capital social, soit une mobilisation offensive du capital social. Dans ce dernier cas, l’ex-permanent peut subir une phase d’observation de la part de l’entreprise d’accueil.En s’intéressant à la reconversion syndicale, cette recherche constitue un renversement de positionnement par rapport aux nombreux travaux analysant la carrière syndicale. Le capital social des militants n’est plus pensé au sein de l’organisation syndicale, mais en dehors de celle-ci, et il permet de proposer le concept d’employabilité militante externe, à savoir la capacité d’un ex-militant syndical d’obtenir un travail et de se maintenir en emploi en dehors du syndicat grâce à la mobilisation de son capital social.

Addressing Work-Family Conflict in Quebec: The Gap between Policy Discourse and Legal Response - Bernstein, Stephanie (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
In the twenty years since Quebec introduced its family policy in 1997, with the objective of supporting the parents of young children, the province has implemented a number of measures aimed at promoting work-life balance which are in many respects more generous than those elsewhere in Canada. However, while enhancing rights to maternity, parental and paternity leave upon the arrival of a child, Quebec has done little to address conflicts between work and family life after a parent's return to work, especially conflicts resulting from routine, daily obligations towards children, the elderly, or other family mem- bers. This paper examines the adequacy of existing legal mechanisms available to Quebec workers under human rights and employment standards legislation for reducing work-family conflict. In this regard, the author notes that 'family status" or 'family situation" has not been recognized as a prohibited ground of discrimination under Quebec's Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, and the province's courts have consistently resisted expanding the scope of the pro- hibited ground of "civil status" to include parental obligations in the employ- ment context. Furthermore, while the Labour Standards Act provides for various short- and long-term leaves of absence for family responsibilities, the legislation imposes restrictive conditions on entitlement, e.g. the obligation in question must generally be "extraordinary" in nature, and the employee must prove that she took steps to find an alternative solution before seeking leave. Overall, Quebec law has preserved management's prerogative to determine the organization and scheduling of work, maintaining a conception of the "ideal" or "normative" worker as one who has no family responsibilities. Ultimately, the author argues, meaningful reform must take aim at the crux of the matter - employees' ability to control their working time.

Reds in Beds: The Communist Party of Canada and the Politics of Reproduction, 1920-1970 - Beswick, Lorne (Queen's University, 2017)
In the early twentieth-century, the Communist Party of Canada (CPC) initially hesitated to discuss the politics of reproduction as a means of easing material inequity for women and men of the working class. Nevertheless, over five decades, this topic appeared often in the CPCs official and unofficial publications, illustrating a sustained interest in the taboo subject. My thesis draws upon archival materials, communist and mainstream newspapers, and medical periodicals to survey contemporary opinions of birth control, abortion, eugenics, juvenile delinquency, venereal disease, and state medicine. Using the lens of left-politics, these topics are contextualized with reference to the extant literature on the histories of politics, sex, reproduction, labour, and medicine in Canada and beyond. Far from being confined to a few secretive individuals, the militant left engaged a dense network of activists who took stock of the social as well as physical reproduction of the nation. Often their interests appeared indistinguishable from the mainstream, and occasionally overlapped with those of their right-leaning opponents. The CPC unfailingly argued for an understanding of sex and reproduction that reflected its Marxist worldview. Some multi-generational discussions were so durable that they would outlast and outgrow the militant left to emerge within the rhetoric of a multitude of Canadian liberation groups by the late sixties and early seventies. I argue that investigation of the politics underwriting the ideas of the CPC and its ideology of a healthy, socialized body politic, elucidates complexities in the formation of mainstream Canadian approaches to sex, reproduction, and health.

Professors-in-Training or Precarious Workers? Identity, Coalition Building, and Social Movement Unionism in the 2015 University of Toronto Graduate Employee Strike - Birdsell Bauer, Louise (Labor Studies Journal, 2017)
In this article, I argue that graduate employees took on the political identity of precarious workers who face job insecurity and income insecurity, drawing attention to the casualization of work in the academic labor market in Canada, and the cost of undertaking graduate studies in Canadian universities. Their argument appealed to media, faculty, undergraduate students, and supportive media, which was key to building solidarity and public support for graduate employees’ struggle. Building on social movement unionism literature, I show how this identity moved the debate away from the bargaining table and into broader coalition building, suggesting a broader social movement unionism among academic workers.

The Community Dimensions of Union Renewal: Racialized and Caring Relations in Personal Support Services - Birdsell Bauer, Louise; Cranford, Cynthia (Work, Employment and Society, 2017)
Union renewal research calls for moving beyond broad terms, like community unionism, to specify how social relations of work shape renewal for different workers, sectors and contexts. Analysis of interviews with union officials and union members in publicly funded, in-home personal support reveal two community dimensions: both caring and racialized relations between workers and service recipients. Scholarship on care workers emphasizes empathy and coalition with service recipients as a key aspect of union renewal, yet says little about racialized tensions. Studies of domestic workers emphasize organizing in response to racialization, but provide little insight into caring social relations at work. This article develops arguments that both positive and negative worker–recipient relations shape union organizing and representation in the service sector by specifying the ways in which racialization contributes to this dynamic. It suggests that anti-racist organizing at work, alongside coalition building and collective bargaining, are important renewal strategies for this sector.

The Workers’ War: The Character of Class Struggle in World War II - Bjorge, Mikhail (Queen's University, 2017)
This dissertation explores the nature of workers’ self-activity during World War II and the ensuing responses to these actions by the state and capital. A close examination of wartime strikes demonstrates that top-down efforts by unions to operate within normative industrial relations were generally failures. Far more likely to be effective were democratic strikes, generally illegal, called from the shopfloor. The Workers’ War further illustrates that while the government passed incredibly coercive legislation to control labour, such legislation failed to have a significant impact. Even where it was most influential and targeted it was eventually beaten through direct action. Even Japanese Canadian forced labour in work camps with armed guards, undertook effective strikes. Largely interested in institutional and legislative changes, the unions, far from being a militant force, spent much of their energy trying to stop or curtail strikes. This thesis contends that the concretion of industrial legality in Canada was imposed to control effective action. Rather than breaking unions of their militancy, the dearth of a state terror apparatus necessitated the creation of compulsory bargaining legislation. First, it argues that the creation of the modern industrial relations regime that forms the foundation for modern labour law was the result of effective workers’ action rather than militant unions. It further shows that the repressive apparatus of the state was unable to control workers, necessitating a structural adjustment. In a larger sense, this thesis argues that this story is at the centre of the history of capitalism in Canada. The imposition of capitalist social relations on the geographies that become Canada had the transformation of land into capital via labour at the very core of its project. Controlling labour was a central concern, and the manner in which labour relations were consolidated was a reflection of a negotiation between labour, capital, and state- a manifestly unequal negotiation that largely failed to reflect the interests of workers.

Household Workers Unite: The Untold Story of African American Women Who Built a Movement - Black, Simon (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Household Workers Unite: The Untold Story of African American Women Who Built a Movement," by Premilla Nadasen.

"Sharing Economy" or on-Demand Service Economy? A Survey of Workers and Consumers in the Greater Toronto Area - Block, Sheila; Hennessy, Trish (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Ontario Office, 2017)
hey are young and highly educated, but many “sharing economy” workers in the GTA are selling their services under precarious working conditions. Read the first comprehensive look at workers who sell “sharing economy” type services and the consumers who buy them in this new report.

Understanding the Neoliberalization of Education Through Spaces of Labour Autonomy - Bocking, Paul (York University, 2017)
In recent years K-12 school systems from New York to Mexico City to Toronto, serving vastly divergent students and communities, have been subject to strikingly similar waves of neoliberal policies by governments. A key manifestation has been the de-professionalization or deskilling of teachers. Organized labours response has been highly uneven geographically. Professional autonomy means a capacity and freedom of teachers to exercise their judgement in interpreting broad curriculum guidelines, into their day to day classroom activities. It is the primary obstacle to the further neoliberalization of education. The expansion of standardized instructional and evaluative techniques and technologies are necessary for opening new markets within schools and for weakening the collective power of teachers and their unions. Their proponents are limited by the existence of the classroom as a space of labour autonomy, run by experienced and highly educated teachers. Recognizing the significant crossover of policy at the North American scale alongside significant economic and political linkages, this dissertation centres on case studies in three cities, New York, Mexico City and Toronto. This dissertation assesses challenges to teachers professional autonomy from 2001 to 2016 across five dimensions of comparison. First are changes in governance, namely the centralization of authority, often legitimized by mobilizing policies from elsewhere. Second are policies which have shifted workplace power relations between principals and teachers, as with School Based Management programs that download budgetary, discipline and dismissal practices to school administrators. Third are the effect of standardized testing of students and teachers on the latters capacity to exercise professional judgement in the classroom through designing unique lesson plans, pedagogy and evaluation. Fourth is the creation of school choice for schools competing for enrolment and thereby funding, which has tended to perpetuate class and racial segregation. Finally, the ability of teachers unions to construct a multi scalar strategy is considered, including alliances with parents, communities and other sectors of labour. This dissertation concludes with recommendations for how teachers unions could respond to the challenge to professional autonomy with a stronger engagement on teacher practice and professional self-regulation.

American Prophets: Seven Religious Radicals and Their Struggle for Social and Political Justice - Bohlen, Casey (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "American Prophets: Seven Religious Radicals and their Struggle for Social and Political Justice," by Albert J. Raboteau.

La représentation collective au travail en contexte d’externalisation des services publics d’aide à domicile au Québec - Boivin, Louise (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
L’externalisation, qui donne lieu à l’intégration indirecte du travail dans l’organisation productive, pose des défis importants pour la représentation collective des travailleuses et des travailleurs. C’est que le droit du travail a été établi en fonction d’un tout autre modèle organisationnel. Afin de mieux comprendre ces défis, nous avons mené trois études de cas sur la représentation collective en contexte d’externalisation des services publics d’aide à domicile au Québec durant la période 2003-2013. Les travailleuses concernées — majoritairement des femmes — occupent des emplois précaires chez trois types de prestataires privés intégrés à des réseaux locaux de services: entreprises d’économie sociale en aide domestique (EESAD), usagers du programme Chèque emploi-service (CES) et agences de location de personnel. Nous avons examiné si des pratiques de représentation collective de ces travailleuses existent et quels acteurs sociaux les portent. Nous avons aussi vérifié si ces pratiques se confinent à l’intérieur des frontières de l’entité identifiée comme l’employeur au sens juridique ou si elles sont « réticulaires », étendant la solidarité à la sphère du pouvoir stratégique (Appay, 1997) exercé par les autorités publiques dans les réseaux. Nos résultats montrent l’absence d’une représentation collective réticulaire dans ces réseaux locaux de services où la dévalorisation sexuée du travail, contrée en partie dans le secteur public, revient en force. Le personnel de 15% des EESAD est syndiqué, mais les pratiques de représentation syndicale n’interpellent que l’employeur reconnu au sens juridique, les EESAD. Dans les agences de location de personnel intégrées à ces réseaux locaux, aucune forme de représentation collective n’existe, ni dans le programme CES. Cependant, une action collective interpellant les autorités publiques au sujet des conditions d’emploi dans le CES a eu un certain succès ponctuel. Portée par une coalition d’associations locales représentant des personnes vivant avec des limitations fonctionnelles, elle ouvre la voie à l’idée d’alliances salariées-usagers autour de la qualité des services et de l’emploi.

The Experience of Employment Strain and Activation Among Temporary Agency Workers in Canada - Bosmans, Kim; Lewchuk, Wayne; De Cuyper, Nele; Hardonk, Stefan; Van Aerden, Karen; Vanroelen, Christophe (Society, Health & Vulnerability, 2017)
This article integrates the employment strain model with the social stress model in order to reveal the mechanisms that explain the relation between precarious employment and mental well-being. This model is applied to the case of temporary agency employment by analysing 41 in-depth interviews with temporary agency workers from Canada. The results show how temporary agency workers perceive employment-related uncertainties and efforts mainly as negative and to a lesser extent as positive experiences, respectively evoking strain or activation. Further, it is revealed how uncertainties and efforts mutually reinforce each other, which increases strain, and how support can serve as a buffer.

Immigration in Quebec: Labour Market Integration and Contribution to Economic Growth - Boudarbat, Brahim; Grenier, Gilles (Canadian Ethnic Studies, 2017)
This article provides an overview of some key issues related to immigration in Quebec. Quebec stands out from the rest of Canada in terms of the origin of its immigrants, who come mainly from francophone countries. Quebec immigrants are relatively better educated than those elsewhere in Canada, but have higher unemployment rates. Our overview of the research examining the impact of immigration on the economy found that immigration has a relatively small impact. Given the above, we suggest that immigration in Quebec should be maintained at current levels–at least in the short term–but that selection and integration policies should be improved by, among other things, putting more emphasis on the needs of employers. In addition, candidates with Canadian or Quebec experience should be favoured. Finally, the impact of these policies will be limited without more openness to immigrants on the part of employers.

Consumers in the Bush: Shopping in Rural Upper Canada - Bumsted, Michael C. (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Consumers in the Bush: Shopping in Rural Upper Canada," by Douglas McCalla.

Silk Stockings and Socialism: Philadelphia's Radical Hosiery Workers from the Jazz Age to the New Deal - Burr, Christina (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Silk Stockings and Socialism: Philadelphia's Radical Hosiery Workers from the Jazz Age to the New Deal," by Sharon McConnell-Sidorick.

Economic Well-Being of Canadian Children - Burton, Peter; Phipps, Shelley (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
This article provides a statistical picture of the economic well-being of Canadian children. We discuss changes in families, nationally and by province. We outline how Canadian policy in support of children has changed and how it differs across regions. Changes or differences in median incomes, in income distributions and in child poverty both before and after taxes and transfers, at different points of time, in different kinds of families, and in different provinces constitute the core of the article. Finally, the economic well-being of Canadian children in 2010 is compared with that of children in eight other affluent countries.

The Making of Working-Class Religion - Callahan, Richard J. (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "The Making of Working-Class Religion," by Matthew Pehl.

Harvest Histories: A Social History of Mexican Farm Labour in Canada since 1974 - Calnitsky, Naomi (Carleton University, 2017)
While concerns and debates about an increased presence of non-citizen guest workers in agriculture in Canada have only more recently begun to enter the public arena, this dissertation probes how migrant agricultural workers have occupied a longer and more complex place in Canadian history than most Canadians may approximate. It explores the historical precedents of seasonal farm labour in Canada through the lens of the interior or the personal on the one hand, through an oral history approach, and the external or the structural on the other, in dialogue with existing scholarship and through a critical assessment of the archive. Specifically, it considers the evolution of seasonal farm work in Manitoba and British Columbia, and traces the eventual rise of an “offshore” labour scheme as a dominant model for agriculture at a national scale. Taking 1974 as a point of departure for the study of circular farm labour migration between Mexico and Canada, the study revisits questions surrounding Canadian views of what constitutes the ideal or injurious migrant worker, to ask critical questions about how managed farm labour migration schemes evolved in Canadian history. In addition, the dissertation explores how Mexican farm workers’ migration to Canada since 1974 formed a part of a wider and extended world of Mexican migration, and seeks to record and celebrate Mexican contributions to modern Canadian agriculture in historical contexts involving diverse actors. In exploring the contexts that have driven Mexican out-migration and transnational integration, it bridges oral accounts with a broader history that sets Mexican northward migration in hemispheric context. It reads agricultural migration upon various planes, including corporeality, experience, identity, masculinity, legality, “contra-modernity,” and the management of mobilities.

The Impact of a Living Wage from the Perspectives of Workers - Cameron, Melissa (McMaster University, 2017)
The focus of this research is the economic, social and health impacts of a living wage for employees in Ontario who were previously earning less than a living wage. The living wage is a calculation based on how much it costs for a family to live in a specific region. The rise of living wage campaigns is a response to the prevalence of low wage work. This research explains the significance of a living wage from the perspectives of workers compared to current research which concentrates on labour market impacts and how this policy affects businesses. Lived experience is emphasized as an important type of knowledge by including the voices of workers through qualitative interviews. Their experiences highlight how low-income and precarious work can affect workers’ lives and how the living wage addresses these problems. Their experiences also demonstrate how a living wage is a vast improvement from the minimum wage but also reveal the shortfalls of the current living wage framework. Overall, the living wage has a significant impact on the economic, social and health aspects of living wage workers, but falls short as an all-encompassing solution for achieving a decent standard of work. Issues such as unaffordable housing, high tuition costs, lack of job opportunities for young workers and precarious work all contribute to an insufficient living wage. These types of social policies from governments and decent work provided by employers need to assist the living wage in achieving a good standard of living for all workers.

On the Formation of Marxism: Karl Kautsky's Theory of Capitalism, the Marxism of the Second International and Karl Marx's Critique of Political Economy - Camfield, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "On the Formation of Marxism: Karl Kautsky's Theory of Capitalism, the Marxism of the Second International and Karl Marx's Critique of Political Economy," by Jukka Grunow.

Escape from the Staples Trap: Canadian Political Economy After Left-Nationalism - Chang, Robin (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Escape from the Staples Trap: Canadian Political Economy After Left-Nationalism," by Paul Kellogg.

Sex Work Politics: From Protest to Service Provision - Chevrier, Claudyne (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Sex Work Politics: From Protest to Service Provision," by Samantha Majic.

From Wellington to Quebec: Attracting Hollywood and Regulating Cultural Workers - Choko, Maude; Conor, Bridget (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
The nature of work arrangements in the film industry and the professional characteristics of cultural workers involved in film production impact the legal qualification of these workers. They highlight the difficult task of classifying actual work arrangements in one specific legal category: either an “employment relationship” or a “contract for services relationship”. If adequate legal frameworks are not in place to capture the reality of those work arrangements properly, the legal qualification may lead to uncertainty detrimental to workers’ access to collective representation. This uncertainty opens the door to work conflicts and contestations of different types. This paper builds a dialogue between two disciplines, legal analysis and cultural labour analysis, by comparing two locally embedded case studies: the “Hobbit Law” in New Zealand and the “Spiderwick Case” in Quebec (Canada). Firstly, we outline our theoretical and methodological approach, drawing on literature on cultural labour studies as well as legal analysis. Secondly, we compare the legal status of cultural workers and collective representation within each of our cases. Thirdly, we present full accounts of the chronology, conflicts and contestations within our two cases, as well as outlining the legislative outcomes in each. And finally, in comparing these cases, we illustrate the difficulty of legally qualifying these relations, the uncertainty this engenders and the differing impacts these difficulties have had on collective action in each industry. We emphasize that each case, with their vastly differing outcomes, provides evidence of both the inclusion of cultural workers within the boundaries of specific legislation fostering collective representation of artists (in the Spiderwick Case) and the exclusion of cultural workers from the boundaries of labour legislation enabling collective representation of employees (in the Hobbit Case). This is telling because these cases both took place in a location attracting Hollywood’s productions and, for both, this power of attraction remains crucial for the local industry. Understanding the impact of local cultural work regulation in the context of major global productions still lacks sustained attention and in this paper, we build a dialogue between our two cases to begin to remedy this.

Decolonizing Employment: Aboriginal Inclusion in Canada's Labour Market - Clapperton, Jonathan (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Decolonizing Employment: Aboriginal Inclusion in Canada's Labour Market," by Shauna MacKinnon.

Exhibiting Nation: Multicultural Nationalism (and Its Limits) in Canada's Museums - Clarkson, Ashley (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Exhibiting Nation: Multicultural Nationalism (and Its Limits) in Canada's Museums," by Caitlin Gordon-Walker.

Entre salariat et indépendance : analyse juridique et économique de la relation franchisé-franchiseur - Coiquaud, Urwana; Martin, Isabelle (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Le contrat de franchise consiste à transmettre au franchisé le savoir-faire du franchiseur, moyennant des contreparties financières. Cependant, la transmission de ce savoir-faire va au-delà de la simple mise à disposition d’une « recette ». Elle se prolonge par une assistance de tous les instants délivrée par le franchiseur au franchisé. À certains égards, cette relation contractuelle ne ressemble-t-elle pas à celle d’un employeur avec le salarié ? Cet article étudie la relation émanant de ce contrat à l’aide des facteurs juridiques (le caractère subordonnant de la relation contractuelle) et économiques (la puissance économique du franchiseur) qui la structurent. L’étude s’appuie tant sur une analyse sociojuridique de la jurisprudence québécoise (1994-2016) au moyen d’une appréhension du contenu relationnel de ce contrat, que sur la littérature économique dans le but de comprendre les éléments de subordination et de puissance économique qui empreignent cette relation. Le constat révèle que la relation de franchise comporte de fortes composantes de subordination et d’inégalité de puissance économique pour le franchisé, engendrant un assujettissement aussi réel que celui mis en place par le salariat, même s’il n’est pas institué formellement par le contrat de franchisage. Plusieurs pistes d’action sont proposées. Si la requalification de certains contrats de franchise en contrat de travail semble une avenue préconisée par plusieurs pays, nos tribunaux y sont peu enclins. La deuxième piste d’action résiderait dans l’adoption d’une loi encadrant l’établissement et le contenu des contrats de franchise afin de réduire l’asymétrie informationnelle existante entre franchiseur et franchisé, ainsi que de mieux encadrer les qualités du « concept » sur lequel s’appuient les franchiseurs pour séduire les franchisés. Une troisième piste serait de reconnaître l’inégalité de puissance économique, point de départ de la reconnaissance « d’un droit de la dépendance dans l’indépendance » capable d’appréhender ces multiples situations d’entrepreneuriat dépendant dont la franchise n’est qu’un exemple.

Building Global Labor Solidarity in a Time of Accelerating Globalization - Collombat, Thomas (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Building Global Labor Solidarity in a Time of Accelerating Globalization," edited by Kim Scipes.

Redesigning Work: A Blueprint for Canada’s Future Well-being and Prosperity - Cooke, Gordon (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Redesigning Work: A Blueprint for Canada’s Future Well-being and Prosperity," by Graham Lowe and Frank Graves.

Gouvernance des régimes complémentaires de retraite, relations du travail et conflits de rôle : une enquête québécoise - Coulombe, Daniel; Déom, Esther; Hanin, Frédéric; Hayden, Annette (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Cette recherche vise à étudier la présence de conflits de rôle au sein des comités de retraite au Québec. Elle met en relation la gouvernance des régimes de retraite et la présence de conflits de rôle entre la représentation collective et la responsabilité fiduciaire du point de vue des membres de comités de retraite. Nous exploitons une particularité de la gestion québécoise, soit l’obligation de créer un comité de retraite sur lequel siègent des membres représentant l’employeur, les syndicats, les travailleurs, les retraités, ainsi que des membres indépendants. À l’aide d’une méthodologie mixte par questionnaire et par entrevue, il a été possible d’analyser les sources et la nature des conflits. Contrairement à nos anticipations, notre étude ne démontre pas de conflits systématiques causés par la coexistence du système de relations du travail et de la responsabilité fiduciaire des régimes complémentaires de retraite. Les tensions reliées aux relations du travail sont minimes. Nous avons bien identifié quelques enjeux, notamment au niveau du financement des régimes, de la viabilité des régimes, qui relèvent de la confusion des rôles. Toutefois ces éléments ne sont pas perçus comme des sources de tensions, mais plutôt comme des enjeux à discuter. La qualité de la gouvernance des régimes de retraite dépend des ressources investies par les acteurs des relations du travail dans l’accompagnement des membres des comités de retraite. La recherche sur les conflits de rôle dans la gouvernance des régimes de retraite au Québec montre que la gestion de ces conflits dépend, dans une large mesure, de la qualité de la législation sur l’administration des régimes complémentaires de retraite au Québec et, également, des ressources consacrées à la formation des membres des comités de retraite et des participants aux relations du travail.

Just Cause - Industrial Discipline at Arbitration in the 1940s - Craven, Paul (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
The principal elements of just cause protection for unionized workers in the context of industrial discipline can be summed up in what the author refers to as the 'four Rs": reasons, reinstatement, equitable relief and representation. While the scope and meaning of just cause came to be fully developed in the arbitral jurisprudence of the 1960s and 1970s, several of its core aspects are of considerably older provenance. This paper throws light on a little-known chapter in the development of the "common law of the shop" by reporting on the results of primary research into mostly unreported arbitration awards in disci- pline cases, conducted under the auspices of the Ontario Department of Labour in the wartime and immediate post-war periods. Although they did not set out to create a systematic jurisprudence, the arbitrators in those early cases clearly anticipated the established model of corrective and industrial discipline: they gave effect to a requirement for reasons; reinstated employees found innocent of allegations of wrongdoing and awarded compensation; articulated a need for prior warnings and a culminating incident; "made the punishment fit the crime" by substituting lesser penalties and taking into account mitigating factors such as length of service; and afforded a measure of protection to union officials against reprisal while emphasizing their responsibility for securing compliance with grievance procedures. Ultimately, the author argues, the early arbitrators saw their role chiefly as the cultivation of workplace harmony and avoidance of work stoppages, seeking to reconcile industrial unionism with industrial peace.

Depression Folk: Grassroots Music and Left-Wing Politics in 1930's America - Cristall, Gary (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Depression Folk: Grassroots Music and Left-Wing Politics in 1930's America," by Ronald D. Cohen.

“You’ve Just Cursed Us”: Precarity, Austerity and Worker’s Participation in the Non-Profit Social Services - Cunningham, Ian; Baines, Donna; Shields, John (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Though not monolithic, the non-profit social services sector has been an arena where workers and management participated in various forms of shared planning, service development and organizing the labour process. This included: 1- formal participation processes such as collective bargaining with union representation, and 2- practice-profession or task participation. Drawing on 34 qualitative interviews undertaken with a variety of actors (Chief Executive/Senior Directors, senior operational management, Human Resource Managers, frontline staff, and, where available, union representatives) in two non-profit social service agencies in Ontario (Canada), the article traces how these forms of participation have changed as a result of government austerity policies alongside the expansion of precarious employment and funding in the non-profit sector.Using exemplar quotes and qualitative analysis, the article shows that worker’s participation in each form has declined, while management simultaneously has extended greater control over the labour process and removed or reduced forums and opportunities for input from staff. In terms of task participation, measurement and governance structure of New Public Management (NPM) and austerity have led to less autonomy and choice, especially in the area of working time. The study also found that unitarist approaches, intolerant of staff voice and possible dissent, have displaced earlier representative participatory approaches that either utilized the management chain, or embraced and worked constructively with unions. Though these pressures existed prior to the introduction of austerity policies, the data show that decreased worker’s participation coincides and is further undermined by the financial and governance processes associated with NPM and austerity-linked cuts in government and other forms of funding. Overall, the data and analysis suggest that participation in the Non-profit Social Services (NPSS) may be another casualty of this current wave of neoliberalism.

Event History Analysis of Grievance Arbitration in Ontario: Labour Justice Delayed? - Curran, Bruce (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
This research is motivated by the lack of recent empirical studies investigating delay in grievance arbitration, despite increasing concerns being voiced about the issue. I performed content analysis on a random sample of about 400 Ontario arbitration awards, and then used a proportional hazards model to examine the extent of delay and its determinants. consistent with common perception, the results suggest that delay has become a worse problem over the past two decades. I find that certain legalistic factors and the expanded jurisdiction of arbitrators over specific types of issues are associated with delay. the results also show that certain dispute resolution procedures are related to decreased delay, and this suggests some practical solutions.
Keywords: analyse empirique; análisis empíricos; determinantes; determinants; dispute resolution procedures; duración del arbitraje de reclamos; durée de l’arbitrage; déterminants; empirical analysis; grief; grievance duration; judiciarisation; legalism; legalismo; procedimiento de resolución de litigios; procédure de règlement; reclamo laboral

Just Notice Reform: Enhanced Statutory Termination Provisions for the 99% - Curran, Bruce; Slinn, Sara (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
In this paper the authors provide a review and critique of existing legal standards and methods, at common law and under employment standards legis- lation, for determining the length of notice to which employees are entitled as a result of without-cause termination. They argue that, at common law, the factors relied on to determine the amount of termination notice contribute to systemic bias and power imbalances between employers and employees, while fostering the illusion of individualized assessment. As well, the regime is inaccessible to low- and middle-income employees due to the costs of litigation. Minimum statutory notice in Ontario, which relies solely on the factor of length of service, is heavily discounted in relation to the common law, and suffers from poor enforcement and widespread non-compliance. In light of the shortcomings of the common law and statutory regimes, the authors conclude that there is a clear need for reform. While other proposals for reform have been advanced, the authors contend that they focus too heavily on length of service, are likely to perpetuate the problems associated with the existing systems, and fail to comprehensively take into account the primary purpose of notice - to provide employees with a "cushion" between termination and re-employment. The auth- ors then set out their proposal for a "Middle Course" approach to determining length of notice, which would be based on a series of objective factors related to the estimated time needed by a dismissed employee to obtain re-employment. It would be implemented by replacing the existing formula under employment standards legislation with one that would enable notice entitlements to be deter- mined in a more predictable, rational and equitable fashion.

American Labor and Economic Citizenship: New Capitalism from World War 1 to the Great Depression - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "American Labor and Economic Citizenship: New Capitalism from World War 1 to the Great Depression," by Mark Hendrickson.

Lost Champions: Four Men, Two Teams, and the Breaking of Pro Football’s Color Line - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Thiis article reviews the book, "Lost Champions: Four Men, Two Teams, and the Breaking of Pro Football’s Color Line," by Gretchen Atwood.

Neoliberal Labour Governments and the Union Response: The Politics of the End of Labourism - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Neoliberal Labour Governments and the Union Response: The Politics of the End of Labourism," by Jason Schulman.

Unions in Court: Organized Labour and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Dabscheck, Braham (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Unions in Court: Organized Labour and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms," by Larry Savage and Charles W. Smith.

Européanisation versus déseuropéanisation sociale: le sort des économies périphériques bulgare et roumaine - Delteil, Violaine; Kirov, Vassil (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser l’influence des usages de l’union européenne (ue) sur les systèmes de relations professionnelles en Bulgarie et en Roumanie. une grille analytique visant à appréhender les différents leviers et obstacles du processus d’européanisation est élaborée et appliquée aux trajectoires propres à la Bulgarie et à la Roumanie, avec une attention particulière à la période ouverte depuis la crise de 2007. Les conclusions rejoignent la thèse d’une européanisation sociale a minima qui, dans certains cas, se conjugue avec une déseuropéanisation programmée, reflétant la progression de l’agenda néolibéral.
Keywords: Bulgaria; Bulgarie; European Union (EU); Europeanization; Romania; Roumanie; Rumanía; Union européenne; Unión Europea; europeización; européanisation; industrial relations; relaciones profesionales; relations professionnelles; sindicatos; syndicats; trade unions; tripartism; tripartisme; tripartismo

Sexual Orientation Wage Gaps across Local Labour Market Contexts: Evidence from Canada - Denier, Nicole; Waite, Sean (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
This article examines sexual orientation wage gaps across local labour market contexts. Using the 2006 Canadian Census, we explore how wage gaps vary across metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. We further evaluate whether the mechanisms contributing to wage gaps diverge across these contexts, focusing on how wage gaps differ across occupations and sectors of employment. Our results show that wage gaps are highest in non-metropolitan Canada. The underlying components of wage gaps fluctuate across Canada, especially for gay men. Sexual orientation pay gaps are reduced in public sector employment, even where private sector wage gaps are highest. These results suggest that local social and labour market contexts are associated with the earnings outcomes of sexual minorities.
Keywords: Orientación sexual; earnings; gains; labour markets; marchés du travail; mercados de trabajo; occupations; orientation sexuelle; profesiones; professions; public sector; salarios; secteur public; sector público; sexual orientation

Left Marginalia: The Radical Imagination in Postwar America - Dennis, Michael (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Radicals in America: The U.S. Left since the Second World War," by Howard Brick and Christopher Phelps.

Insertion professionnelle des immigrants qualifiés en technologies de l’information à Québec : À l’encontre des mythes, témoignages d’immigrants - Dioh, Marie-Laure; Racine, Michel (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
L’article analyse l’insertion professionnelle d’une catégorie méconnue d’immigrants qualifiés œuvrant dans le secteur des technologies de l’information (ti) de la région de Québec. La forte demande de main-d’œuvre et la rareté de l’offre locale font penser que leur processus d’insertion sera aisé, comme d’ailleurs les discours publics le proclament. Après avoir présenté la problématique, les cadres conceptuel et analytique, ainsi que la méthodologie, les résultats soulignent certains obstacles d’insertion professionnelle liés, entre autres, à leurs acquis étrangers. cette situation les oblige à recourir à des stratégies de retour aux études et de déqualification. toutefois, malgré ces démarches, l’insertion professionnelle dans le secteur régional des ti demeure toujours à risque.
Keywords: Quebec; Québec; employment integration; immigrants qualifiés; information technology; inmigrantes calificados; inserción en empleo; insertion en emploi; qualified immigrants; secteur en forte demande; sector en fuerte demanda; sector in strong demand; technologies de l’information; tecnologías de información

Métiers de la relation. Nouvelles logiques et nouvelles épreuves du travail - Dompierre, Johanne (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Métiers de la relation. Nouvelles logiques et nouvelles épreuves du travail," edited by Marie-Chantal Doucet and Simon Viviers.

Not Talking Union: An Oral History of North American Mennonites and Labour - Drake, Janine Giordano (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Not Talking Union: An Oral History of North American Mennonites and Labour," by Janis Thiessen.

The Work of Empire: Current Directions in Transnational Labour History - Drapeau, Thierry (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the books, "Competing Vision of Empire: Labor, Slavery, and the Origins of the British Atlantic Empire," by Abigail L. Swingen, "Building the Atlantic Empires: Unfree Labor and Imperial States in the Political Economy of Capitalism," edited by John Donoghue and Evelyn P. Jennings, and "Making the Empire Work: Labor and United States Imperialism," edited by Daniel E. Bender and Jana K. Lipman.

The New Deal: A Global History - Drinot, Paulo (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "The New Deal: A Global History," by Kiran Klaus Patel.

Fighting over Fidel: The New York Intellectuals and the Cuban Revolution - Dubinsky, Karen (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Fighting over Fidel: The New York Intellectuals and the Cuban Revolution," by Rafael Rojas.

Green Gold, Red Threats: Organization and Resistance in Depression-Era Ontario Tobacco - Dunsworth, Edward (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
Contrary to conceptions of the rural workforce as inherently conservative, tobacco workers and small farmers in Depression-era Ontario frequently organized to protest their socioeconomic conditions and to demand a fairer deal from employers and tobacco companies. Led by Hungarian immigrants, but with significant involvement from other groups, working people in the Tobacco Belt built an "infrastructure of dissent," a constellation of formal organizations and informal networks that allowed for the development of radical ideas and provided a platform from which to launch oppositional efforts, both coordinated and spontaneous. Two key moments of 1930s protest are focused on in this article. In 1937, a dramatic growers' movement saw over 1,000 small farmers, with the support of workers, band together to demand higher prices from the tobacco companies for their crops. In 1939, the local forces of working-class opposition were joined by a massive influx of job-seeking "transients," who brought with them the politics of the Depression-era unemployed, establishing the conditions for what would become the greatest moment of tobacco worker resistance in the decade. In both campaigns, efforts were made to unite workers and small growers, but the evidence suggests that growers benefitted more from these collaborations than did workers.

Race, Labour, and The Architecture of White Jobs: Chinese Labour in British Columbia’s Salmon Canning Industry, 1871-1941 - Eeg, Devin Ainsworth (University of British Columbia, 2017)
Chinese migrant workers in North America have typically been regarded in two ways by historians: either as competitive threats to white workers, or as workers isolated within ethnic niches. Few scholars have examined cases where Chinese workers complemented or supported the labour of others. This thesis looks at Chinese labour in British Columbia’s salmon canning industry between 1871 and 1941, arguing that Chinese workers were foundational to white fishing jobs in the province. Drawing on company records, Government reports, newspapers, and oral interviews, I examine Chinese manual labour, labour politics, and wages as three areas where Chinese workers upheld the labour of fishers in a nominally “white” industry. As such, this thesis offers a different outlook on the structural entanglement of race and labour in British Columbia in the seventy years after the province joined the Canadian Confederation.

A Vanished Ideology: Essays on the Jewish Communist Movement in the English-Speaking World in the Twentieth Century - Elie, Christine (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "A Vanished Ideology: Essays on the Jewish Communist Movement in the English-Speaking World in the Twentieth Century," edited by Matthew B. Hoffman and Henry F. Srebrnik.

Austerity: The Lived Experience - Evans, Brian; McBride, Stephen (University of Toronto Press, 2017)
Bryan M. Evans, Stephen McBride, and their contributors delve further into the more practical, ground-level side of the austerity equation in Austerity: The Lived Experience. Economically, austerity policies cannot be seen to work in the way elite interests claim that they do. Rather than soften the blow of the economic and financial crisis of 2008 for ordinary citizens, policies of austerity slow growth and lead to increased inequality. While political consent for such policies may have been achieved, it was reached amidst significant levels of disaffection and strong opposition to the extremes of austerity. The authors build their analysis in three sections, looking alternatively at theoretical and ideological dimensions of the lived experience of austerity; how austerity plays out in various public sector occupations and policy domains; and the class dimensions of austerity. The result is a ground-breaking contribution to the study of austerity politics and policies. Contents: Austerity as lived experience: An introduction / Bryan Evans and Stephen McBride. Pt. 1. Theory and ideology. Introduction: Manufacturing the common sense of austerity / Bryan Evans and McBride – Articulating austerity and authoritarianism: Re-imagining moral economies? / John Clarke – Speaking austerity: Policy rhetoric and design beyond fiscal consolidation / Sorin Mitrea – No deal capitalism: Austerity and the unmaking of the North American middle class / Eric Pineault – Framing the economic case for Austerity: The “expansionary fiscal contraction hypothesis” / Ellen Russell. Pt. 2. Impact and consequences. Introduction: Austerity on the ground / Evans and McBride – Care and control in long term care work / Donna Baines – ‘Negotiate your way back to zero’: Teacher bargaining and austerity in Ontario, Canada / Brendan A. Sweeny and Robert S. Hickey – Austerity and the low wage economy: Living and other wages / Bryan Evans, Stephen McBride, and Jacob Muirhead – Immigration in an age of austerity: Morality, the welfare state and the shaping of the ideal migrant / Susan Barrass and John Shields – Pension reforms in the context of the global financial crisis: A reincarnation of pension privatization through austerity / Yanqiu Rachel Zhou and Shih-Jiun Shi. Pt. 3. Class, resistance, alternative. Introduction: The old strategies don’t work. So what’s possible? / Bryan Evans and Stephen McBride – From austerity to structural reform: The erosion of the European social model(s) / Christophe Hermann – Austerity of imagination: Quebec’s struggles in translating resistance into alternatives / Peter Graefe and Hubert Rioux – Social democracy and social pacts: Austerity alliances and their consequences / Bryan Evans – Austerity and political crisis: The radical left, the far right and Europe’s new authoritarian order / Neil Burron – Conclusion.

Demanding a Fair Share - Faraday, Fay (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Ontario Office, 2017)
In this paper, Fay Faraday explores how to provide workers in the on-demand service economy protection under the Employment Standards and Labour Relations Acts. Ontario’s Bill 148 – the Fair Workplace Better Jobs Act, 2017 – should provide protections to workers in precarious employment in the 21st century labour market. Workers in the on-demand service sector are at the forefront of both precarity and technological change. This paper provides guidance on how Bill 148 could be amended to extend protections to these workers. –Website description

A Family Living Wage for Manitoba - Fernandez, Lynne; Hajer, Jesse; Langridge, James (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Manitoba Office, 2017)
Families who work for low wages face impossilbe choices–buy food or heat the house, feed the children or pay the rent. The result can be spiralling debt, constant anxiety and long-term health problems. This reports breaks out the differences in actual costs for single parent and two-parent families in three locations in the province of Manitoba: Winnipeg, Brandon, Thompson. And with these real costs proposes a living wage for these families.

Indigenous People, Wage Labour and Trade Unions: The Historical Experience in Canada - Fernandez, Lynne; Silver, Jim (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Manitoba Office, 2017)
Have Indigenous people in Canada been active as wage labourers and union members? If so, what have been the circumstances? When and where and for what reasons have Indigenous people worked for wages and been union members and how have they fared in these roles? In this short paper we examine a wide range of recent studies that have looked at various aspects of these questions. In particular, we examine the role that unions have played with Indigenous wage workers, and with Indigenous people who have sought to work for wages, and we consider some recent initiatives that unions have taken to meet the needs of Indigenous workers. Such efforts are especially significant in an era when the numbers of Indigenous workers entering the labour market are growing rapidly, and when the labour force as a whole is becoming increasingly diverse. –Introduction

Radical Theatrics: Put-ons, Politics and the Sixties - Filewod, Alan (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Radical Theatrics: Put-ons, Politics and the Sixties," by Craig J. Peariso.

Civic Labors: Scholar Activism and Working-Class Studies - Finkel, Alvin (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Civic Labors: Scholar Activism and Working-Class Studies," edited by Dennis Deslippe, Eric Fure-Slocum, and John W. McKerley.

Trends in Human Rights Damages: Courts, Statutory Tribunals and Labour Arbitration - Flaherty, Michelle (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
In the employment context in Ontario, jurisdiction over human rights claims is now shared between the Human Rights Tribunal, the courts, and labour arbitra- tors. This paper compares human rights damages awarded by statutory tribunals, civil courts, and labour arbitrators in Ontario with a view to identifying trends and to understanding whether remedial outcomes are likely to vary depending on the litigant's choice of forum. After reviewing the statutory basis for the awarding of human rights damages, and the criteria which adjudicators have developed in quantifying the appropriate amount of compensation, the author turns to a detailed analysis of cases in which such damages were ordered by statutory tribunals, arbi- trators, and judges. The author finds that while decision-makers apply largely the same remedial principles in assessing damages, historically, the amount of monet- ary awards have varied considerably across fora. The author suggests, however, that the Ontario Court of Appeal's recent decision in Strudwick, explicitly adopt- ing the remedial principles articulated by the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario and making a substantial award of damages, may promote greater consistency and predictability in the assessment of human rights damages.

The Writers: A History of American Screenwriters and Their Guild - Forsyth, Scott (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "The Writers: A History of American Screenwriters and Their Guild," by Miranda J. Banks.

Dead Today, Gone Tomorrow: The Framing of Workplace Injury in Canadian Newspapers, 2009-2014. - Foster, Jason; Barnetson, Bob (Canadian Journal of Communication, 2017)
Background: How the media frames and presents a subject influences how society sees and responds to that issue. Analysis: This study uses frame analysis to examine how Canadian English language newspapers portrayed workplace injuries between 2009 and 2014. Three frames emerge: Under Investigation, Human Tragedy, and Before the Courts. There is also a meta-frame casting injuries and fatalities as isolated events happening to “others” with no cause, thus the public ought not be concerned about workplace safety. Conclusion and implications: The article concludes that media frames obscure issues of cause and fault, thereby denying workers a full understanding of why injuries happen in the workplace. These frames serve the interests of employers by obfuscating the employer’s role in creating workplace injury and death.

Who's on Secondary?: The Impact of Temporary Foreign Workers on Alberta Construction Employment Patterns - Foster, Jason; Barnetson, Bob (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
In 2007, the Alberta government and the Alberta construction industry developed a ten-year strategy to increase the participation of women, youth, Indigenous peoples, and immigrants in construction occupations. At the same time, construction employers began turning to temporary foreign workers (tfws) as an alternative labour supply, and the number of tfws working in Alberta construction jumped dramatically. This article examines the labour market effects of the influx of tfws on employment rates of other marginalized groups in construction occupations. Alberta is a valuable case study because it employed greater numbers of tfws in construction between 2003 and 2013 than any other province. Drawing upon labour market segmentation theory, this study finds that the proportion of traditionally underrepresented workers in construction occupations was essentially unchanged over the study period. These groups of workers experienced higher-than-average employment volitility and remain a secondary source of labour supply. This study also finds that tfws have become a new, hyperflexible source of secondary labour. The article discusses possible explanations for the findings and evaluates the effectiveness of the government's ten-year strategy.

In Search of C.B. Wade, Research Director and Labour Historian, 1944–1950 - Frank, David (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The paper examines the experience of C.B. Wade (1906–1982), a chartered accountant and university instructor who was recruited to work for organized labour during the period of transition from wartime mobilization to postwar reconstruction at the end of the Second World War. In hiring Wade in 1944, District 26 of the United Mine Workers of America became one of the first Canadian unions to employ a research director to help address the challenges of the new age of industrial legality and advance their social democratic agenda. The paper discusses Wade's background, including his involvement in the Workers' Educational Association, and documents his contributions to the work of the coal miners' union, including the efforts to promote public ownership of the industry. In addition, the paper discusses Wade's unpublished history of the union, a manuscript that has had a long life as an underground classic. While the negotiation of the postwar compromises between labour, capital and the state gave union staff such as Wade an increasingly central role in labour relations, this was not a stable context, and the paper also considers the deepening Cold War conditions that led to the end of his employment in 1950. In the context of labour and working-class history, Wade can be associated with a relatively small cohort of politically engaged intellectuals who made lasting contributions to the research capacity of unions and to the field of labour studies.

White Nepotism: Interrogating "Corporate Culture" in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area Labour Market - Fraschetti, Michael Steven (York University, 2017)
This research project examines systemic forms of racism that limit the employment chances of racialized workers in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) labour market. Through a situated analysis of racialized workers, institutional actors, and public policies, I explore the nuances of racialized individuals encounters with discriminatory hiring practices and job promotion procedures that exist in the labour market. Through the perspectives of racialized workers lived experiences, and by bringing into question the employment practices of hiring managers and human resource personnel, this project addresses the following key questions: 1) How do racialized workers negotiate their movement through places of employment in the Toronto CMA? 2) How might we understand the operation of racism in hiring practices and what are the mechanisms under which it remains institutionally entrenched? This research critiques the organizational cultures of private companies that are configured as spaces of whiteness.

Daunting Enterprise of the Law: Essays in Honour of Harry W. Arthurs - Fudge, Judy (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Daunting Enterprise of the Law: Essays in Honour of Harry W. Arthurs," edited by Simon Archer, Daniel Drache and Peer Zumbansen.

Le débordement du travail sur le temps personnel des cadres français - Genin, Émilie (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Les rapports entre travail et temps se sont profondément transformés ces vingt dernières années. cet article s’intéresse à l’un des aspects de ces transformations, à savoir le débordement de plus en plus fréquent du travail sur le temps personnel, en particulier chez les cadres en France. Il vise plus spécifiquement à répondre à deux questions. tout d’abord, quelle est l’ampleur de ce phénomène chez les cadres français ? Deuxièmement, quels sont ses déterminants ? En utilisant des données quantitatives colligées auprès de plus de mille cadres par un syndicat, notre recherche permet de mieux cerner le phénomène du débordement du travail sur le temps personnel. Finalement, les variables liées aux caractéristiques du travail et à l’utilisation des technologies ont une incidence beaucoup plus significative sur le débordement du travail que les variables sociodémographiques testées.
Keywords: cadres; desbordamiento del tiempo laboral; débordement du travail; informal work at home; managers; personal jerárquico; personal time; profesionales; professionals; professionnels; temps de travail; temps personnel; tiempo de trabajo; tiempo personal; working time

Challenges of Coordination: Automotive Innovation in the Ontario Supply Chain in Comparative Context - Goracinova, Elena; Warrian, Peter; Wolfe, David A. (Canadian Public Policy, 2017)
Policies for the southern Ontario automotive cluster support multiple collaborative research projects designed for the application of enabling technologies. However, these initiatives cater to a small percentage of highly innovative automotive suppliers and exclude much of the traditional manufacturing base. This stands in contrast to automotive clusters in Detroit, MI; the West Midlands, United Kingdom; and Baden-Württemberg, Germany, where applied research collaborations target the entire supply chain. With respect to policy implications, we argue that new forms of industrial coordination emerging in competitor regions may offer critical policy lessons for Ontario on how to stem the erosion of innovation capabilities in its automotive supply base.

Income Inequality: The Canadian Story - Green, David A.; Riddell, W. Craig; St-Hilaire, France (Institute for Research on Public Policy, 2017)
The Institute for Research on Public Policy, in collaboration with the Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network, has gathered some of the country’s leading experts to provide new evidence on the causes and effects of growing income inequality in Canada and the role of policy. Their research and analysis is collected in this volume, the fifth in the IRPP’s The Art of the State series. –Publisher's description
OCLC: 1027665636
Keywords: American middle class; Culture; Economic inequality; Economics; Economy; Education; Employment; Gini coefficient; Human activities; Immigration

The Filth of Progress: Immigrants, Americans, and the Building of Canals and Railroads in the West - Hall, Greg (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "The Filth of Progress: Immigrants, Americans, and the Building of Canals and Railroads in the West," by Ryan Dearinger.

Diamonds are Forever: A Decolonizing, Feminist Approach to Diamond Mining in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories - Hall, Rebecca Jane (York University, 2017)
This dissertation examines the impact of the development of diamond mines in the Yellowknife region, Northwest Territories (NWT), asking two questions: how has the diamond-mining regime affected the gendered social relations in the regional racialized mixed economy? And, how can violence against Indigenous women living in the region be situated in the context of structural shifts in the mixed economy? The analysis developed in response to these questions is informed by a theorization of the mixed economy as a dynamic set of social relations characterized by tension between the temporal imperatives of capitalist production and the place-based imperatives of subsistence. Taking a decolonizing, feminist political economy (FPE) approach, this dissertation responded to these questions by drawing on documentary analysis, interviews, and talking circles to examine the often invisibilized labour performed by Indigenous women that reproduces the mixed economy. The central contention is that the diamond-mining regime represents a new imposition upon daily and intergenerational social reproduction performed by Indigenous women, an imposition that is sometimes violent, and that is met with resistance. The dissertation unfolds in six substantive chapters. Building on a theoretical and historical grounding offered in chapters one and two, chapters three-five draw on field research to examine shifts in local relations of capitalist production, social reproduction, and subsistence production. The analysis reveals that the Fly-In-Fly-Out (FIFO) diamond-mining regime, itself a spatial articulation of the capitalist separation between (masculinized) capitalist production and (feminized) social reproduction, introduces, or, in some cases, intensifies a nuclear male-breadwinner/female-caregiver structure. Woven through this analysis is an examination of the relationship between structural and embodied violence. Indeed, the structural shifts imposed by the diamond-mining regime characterized in this dissertation as structural violence contribute to Indigenous womens experiences of embodied violence in the Yellowknife region. At the same time, Indigenous women meet these shifts with decolonizing resistance in the form of the day-to-day labours they perform to reproduce the place-based social relations of the mixed economy.

A New Scale of Activism: Canadian Unions and the North American Free Trade Agreement, 1992–1999 - Hamelin, Spencer (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article focuses on the campaigns of national Canadian unions and other labour organizations against the North American Free Trade Agreement (nafta). Changes in the strategic orientation of these unions and labour organizations are traced from the period following the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement and contextualized in post–Cold War trends in North American labour more broadly. These developments are viewed through the lens of scale shift and political process models of social movement theory. Though some transnational links were developed before nafta was implemented, these linkages were expanded following the agreement's passage. Additionally, these organizations took advantage of political opportunities originating from the new structures of nafta itself. Canadian unions and associated anti-free-trade coalitions worked alongside their regional counterparts to construct alternatives to neoliberalism and build consensus. Following the failure of domestic political opportunities to prevent the passage of nafta, some Canadian unions and labour organizations used emerging international political opportunities to deepen collaborations with their counterparts in countries experiencing trade liberalization.

Empty Promises: Why Workplace Pension Law Doesn’t Deliver Pensions - Hanin, Frédéric (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Empty Promises: Why Workplace Pension Law Doesn’t Deliver Pensions," by Elizabeth J. Shilton.

Does Canada" Care" About Migrant Caregivers?: Implications Under the Reformed Caregiver Program - Hanley, Jill; Larios, Lindsay; Koo, Jah-Hon (Canadian Ethnic Studies, 2017)
Domestic and caregiving work have been part of the Canadian fabric since our colonial founding and have long represented one of the most easily accessible routes for migration open to women. Until very recently the Live-In Caregiver Program (LCP) operated as the primary program in Canada facilitating this labour migration. While the LCP has been replaced by the Caregiver Program (CP), it has yet to be determined how these changes will impact migrant caregivers. We suggest that many lessons can be drawn from our knowledge of migrant caregivers’ experiences under the LCP that can help us understand the dynamics of new immigration policies. Using the global care chain framework, we consider here whether Canada’s caregiver migration policy demonstrates a concern for the wellbeing of migrant caregivers as workers, as family members and as citizens. Our analysis suggests that the CP does not adequately address the concerns raised through the global care chain critique. Rather, the CP continues and deepens the trend of using immigration policy to hold people in substandard employment, with very little care for migrant caregivers whether in terms oftheir labour rights, their family relationships or their sense of belonging and citizenship.

Free Spirits: Spiritualism, Republicanism, and Radicalism in the Civil War Era - Hanowski, Elliot (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Free Spirits: Spiritualism, Republicanism, and Radicalism in the Civil War Era," by Mark A. Lause.

Survival of the Fittest: The Failure to Accommodate and Compensate in the Canadian Armed Forces - Harmgardt, Julie (Canadian Labour and Employment Law Journal, 2017)
Members of the Canadian Armed Forces who are injured in the course of service are treated inequitably on two levels: first, during their military careers, by the operation of a statutory exemption that enables the CAF to sidestep the duty to accommodate disabilities, including widespread mental injuries such as PTSD; and second, following their medical release from service, by the failure to provide adequate compensation. Under the Canadian Human Rights Act, the duty to accommodate is expressly made subject to the principle of "uni- versality of service," whereby CAF members "must at all times and under any circumstances perform any functions that they may be required to perform." Universality (or the "soldier first" rule) thus provides the CAF with an auto- matic bona fide occupational requirement (BFOR) defence to discrimination claims, and permits the CAF to engage in prima facie discriminatory conduct without having to prove that it accommodated a member to the point of undue hardship. The author argues that universality cannot be justified as reasonably necessary to achieve operational objectives, having regard to staffing require- ments and level of risk, and to the fact that the CAF routinely ignores its own risk tolerance mandate by granting medical waivers. Compensation for CAF members post-release is currently provided through the New Veterans Charter. The benefits scheme created by the NVC is, in the author's view, seriously flawed: it is less generous than the predecessor legislation, excessively complex, raises unfair evidentiary burdens, and fails to ensure timely resolution of claims. The author concludes by exploring opportunities for reform, and proposes that a "presumptive" burden of proof be implemented for claimants with PTSD, similar to that which has recently been adopted in several provinces for first responders under workers' compensation legislation.

Empire of Timber: Labor Unions and the Pacific Northwest Forests - Harter, John-Henry (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Empire of Timber: Labor Unions and the Pacific Northwest Forests," by Erik Loomis.

Nursing and Empire: Gendered Labor and Migration from India to the United States - Henry, Caitlin (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Nursing and Empire: Gendered Labor and Migration from India to the United States," by Sujani Reddy.

The Equity Myth: Racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian Universities - Henry, Frances; Kobayashi, Audrey Lynn; Smith, Malinda; Dua, Enakshi; James, Carl E.; Li, Peter; Ramos, Howard (UBC Press, 2017)
The university is often regarded as a bastion of liberal democracy where equity and diversity are vigorously promoted. In reality, the university still excludes many people and is a site of racialization that is subtle, complex, and sophisticated. This book, the first comprehensive, data-based study of racialized and Indigenous faculty members' experiences in Canadian universities, challenges the myth of equity in higher education. Drawing on a rich body of survey data, interviews, and analysis of universities' stated policies, leading scholars scrutinize what universities have done and question the effectiveness of their employment equity programs. They also make important recommendations as to how universities can address racialization and fulfill the promise of equity in the academy. –Publisher's description. Contents: Introduction : setting the context – Representational analysis : comparing Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia – Differences in representation and employment income of racialized university professors in Canada – Academic production, reward, and perceptions of racialized faculty members – "Would never be hired these days" : the precarious work situation of racialized and indigenous faculty members – The everyday world of racialized and indigenous faculty members in Canadian universities – "You know why you were hired don't you?" Expectations and challenges in university appointments – Shifting terrains : a picture of the institutionalization of equity in Canadian universities – Mechanisms to address inequities in Canadian universities : the performativity of ineffectiveness – Disciplinary silences : race, indigeneity, and gender in the social sciences – A dirty dozen : unconscious race and gender biases in the academy – Conclusion : challenging the myth. Includes bibliographical references (pages 328-355) and index.
OCLC: 963913483
Keywords: Canada Discrimination dans l'emploi; Canada Discrimination in employment. Discrimination in higher education. Equality. Indian college teachers. Race discrimination. Universities and colleges; Canada Discrimination raciale; Canada. Discrimination in employment; Canada. Discrimination in higher education; Canada. Equality; Canada. Race discrimination; Canada. Universities and colleges; Indian college teachers

Scarborough - Hernandez, Catherine (Arsenal Pulp Press, 2017)
A poignant, multi-voiced novel about life in the inner city. Scarborough is a low-income, culturally diverse neighbourhood east of Toronto, the fourth largest city in North America; like many inner-city communities, it suffers under the weight of poverty, drugs, crime, and urban blight. Scarborough the novel employs a multitude of voices to tell the story of a tight-knit neighbourhood under fire: among them, Victor, a black artist harassed by the police; Winsum, a West Indian restaurant owner struggling to keep it together; and Hina, a Muslim school worker who witnesses first-hand the impact of poverty on education. And then there are the three kids who work to rise above a system that consistently fails them: Bing, a gay Filipino boy who lives under the shadow of his father's mental illness; Sylvie, Bing's best friend, a Native girl whose family struggles to find a permanent home to live in; and Laura, whose history of neglect by her mother is destined to repeat itself with her father. Scarborough has already received recognition as winner of the Asian Canadian Writers' Workshop Emerging Writers Award in 2015, and finalist for the 2016 $50,000 Half the World Global Literati Award for best unpublished manuscript. It offers a raw yet empathetic glimpse into a troubled community that locates its dignity in unexpected places: a neighbourhood that refuses to be undone."– Publisher's description
OCLC: 959036191
Keywords: Canadian fiction; Canadian fiction (English) 21st century; Fiction; Fictional Work; Ontario Scarborough; Pauvreté Romans; nouvelles; etc; Poverty; Poverty Fiction; Romans; Scarborough (Toronto; Ont.) Fiction

Achieving Equality for Women in Labour and Employment – A Comparative Study of Colombia and Canada - Hernandez, Lina (Western, 2017)
The primary focus of this thesis is to analyze and compare the legal systems enacted to protect working women in Colombia and Canada. This thesis focuses on: the protection of maternity and parental rights; the principle of equal pay for work of equal value; and discrimination in employment (including harassment). This research argues that the legislative and judicial changes made in each country to protect working women have not led to substantive equality for working women. This thesis also argues that there is a gap between international and national standards, thus a law reform is appropriate and needed in both the Canadian and Colombian legal systems to bridge the gap and achieve equality for women in employment. Overall, this thesis provides a holistic understanding of two different legal systems in two different countries, both State parties to important International Labour Organization (ILO) and United Nations Organization (UN) treaties and with the same international goal of attaining equality for women in employment.

Manhood on the Line: Working-Class Masculinities in the American Heartland - Heron, Craig (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
The article reviews the book, "Manhood on the Line: Working-Class Masculinities in the American Heartland," by Stephen Meyer.

Farm Workers in Western Canada: Injustices and Activism - Herron, Rachel (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
This article reviews the book, "Farm Workers in Western Canada: Injustices and Activism," edited by Shirley A. McDonald and Bob Barnetson.

The Great Depression in Newfoundland and Labrador - Higgins, Jenny (Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Website, 2017)
The Great Depression was a time of widespread poverty and suffering in Newfoundland and Labrador. Steadily declining cod prices made it almost impossible for fishers to make a living, while wage cuts and layoffs plagued the forestry and mining industries. With thousands of men and women newly unemployed, the government was forced to spend heavily on relief programs. These, however, were often inadequate and left many people without enough food, clothing, and other necessities to properly support their families. Malnutrition became rampant and facilitated the spread of beriberi, tuberculosis and other diseases. –Introduction to accompanying article on website.

The Social Quarantining of Migrant Labour: Everyday Effects of Temporary Foreign Worker Regulation in Canada - Horgan, Mervyn; Liinamaa, Saara (Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 2017)
Low-wage migrant workers in wealthy nations occupy an ambiguous social and legal status that is inseparable from global economics and politics. This article adds to the growing and diverse literature on temporariness in labour and citizenship by reviewing Canada’s internationally recognised ‘model’ programme, the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). Specifically, we present research on a small but rapidly growing peripheral pocket of workers in Nova Scotia, a less populated and more economically depressed province. Interview with former SAWP participants demonstrate how the uncertainty characterising the legal, immigration, and employment status of seasonal agricultural workers is socially practised and individually experienced. In particular, we show how specific elements of current migrant labour regulation have everyday effects in organising and delimiting non-work dimensions of migrant workers’ lives. In attending to the spatio-temporal dimensions of migrant workers’ lives we develop the concept social quarantining as a characteristic feature of former workers’ experiences ‘on the contract’.

Individuals’ Assessment of Corporate Social Performance, Person-Organization Values and Goals Fit, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions - Hudson, Sarah; Bryson, Douglas; Michelotti, Marco (Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 2017)
Recent research in the domain of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has underlined the importance of moving away from an institutional perspective of CSR towards research at the micro-level. Such calls have insisted on the necessity of a developing a deeper, and more nuanced understanding of its impacts and mechanisms at the individual level. This paper addresses this issue by focusing on the nexus between how employees judge their companies’ actual CSR performance and how that judgement can affect individual, micro-level outcomes such as job satisfaction and turnover intentions. We study this by a consideration of how perceived fit between employees and their organization mediates the relationship between perceived corporate social performance (CSP) on the one hand, and job satisfaction and turnover intentions on the other.While there is a notion, commonly embraced in the literature, that corporate social performance can have beneficial effects on individual employee outcomes, there have not been many empirical studies looking into the mechanisms by which this occurs. Through a survey of 317 young employees from differing company sizes and sectors in Europe and Asia, we find that positive assessment of CSP does not have a direct influence on job satisfaction and turnover intention, but is mediated by person-organization fit. The latter, in turn, has a positive effect on job satisfaction and reduced turnover intention.The implications of these findings are that the achievement of efficient and effective performance in social and environmental terms reinforces the perception of employees that their values fit with those of the organization. This process then creates value in terms of increased job satisfaction and reduced employee turnover intentions. We note also that simply improving CSP objectively, without involving and raising awareness among employees, will not necessarily lead to improved perceptions of how the employee fits within the organization and the potential positive knock-on employee outcomes.

Workers' Compensation: Analysis for Its Second Century - Hunt, H. Allen; Dillender, Marcus (Upjohn Institute for Employment Research., 2017)
Hunt and Dillender review the status of workers' compensation programs on three critical performance areas: 1) the adequacy of compensation for those disabled in the workplace, 2) return-to-work performance for injured workers, and 3) prevention of disabling injury and disease. [ Includes Canadian content.] –Publisher's abstract

From Scavengers to Sanitation Workers: Practices of Purification and the Making of Civic Employees in Toronto, 1890–1920 - Hurl, Chris (Labour / Le Travail, 2017)
In confronting the filth and decay of the early 20th century city, civic reformers often undertook ambitious programs that sought to not only eliminate the sources of disease from the urban environment but also to civilize urban dwellers, teaching them to live in pure and morally hygienic ways. Historical studies have tended to focus on the consumption side of this process, looking at how sanitary reformers and public health officials worked to establish fundamentally new understandings of household waste and its disposal, laying the foundation for the "throwaway" society of the 1950s and 1960s. However, they have tended to neglect the parallel efforts to fashion a new kind of city worker. Drawing on Toronto as a case study, this paper examines how the rise of a modern, scientifically managed waste regime in the early 20th century contributed to fundamentally new conceptions of civic employment, premised on the "purification" of the worker from the contaminating influence of neighbourhood-based patronage networks and an informal waste economy. I explore how efforts to expunge filth from urban space were paralleled by struggles to disentangle class from community-based solidarities in the labour process. Moreover, I explore how this contributed to the view that public workers somehow stood apart from the community as an anonymous and uniform service. I conclude by discussing the implications in how we think about city workers and their struggles today.

Work and Labour in Canada: Critical Issues - Jackson, Andrew; Thomas, Mark P. (Canadian Scholars Press, 2017)
Over the last few decades, the workplace in Canada has experienced profound changes. Work has become increasingly insecure for a growing number of people, young workers struggle to match qualifications and credentials with jobs, and retirement with a secure income is a diminishing prospect. The demographic composition of the labour market is transforming, yet this change is conditioned by longstanding patterns of inequality in terms of gender, race, disability, and immigration status. This third edition of Work and Labour in Canada maps out major trends and patterns that define working life, and identifies the economic, social, and political factors that shape the contemporary workplace. While evaluating working conditions and job quality from a critical perspective, the authors point towards possibilities for a more equitable and democratic future of work. Thoroughly updated and featuring recommended readings, internet resources, and a new chapter on disability and work, this revised edition is an essential textbook for teachers, researchers, labour activists, and students of labour studies and sociology of work. –Publisher's description. Includes bibliographical references (pages 299-322) and index. Contents: The world of work in the 21st century – Work, wages, and living standards in Canada – Education, training, and lifelong learning : tensions and contradictions – The unhealthy Canadian workplace – Gender, work, and social reproduction – Race, racialization, and racism at work – The inaccessible Canadian workplace – Troubled transitions : into and out of the labour force – The impact of unions – Workers' movements in the new millennium – Globalization and work in Canada – Improving work : reforming or transforming wage labour?

"Keeping the Kids out of Trouble": Extra-Domestic Labour and Social Reproduction in Toronto's Regent Park, 1959-2012 - James, Ryan Kristopher (York University, 2017)
This dissertation is an historical ethnography of social reproduction in Regent Park, Canada's first public housing project. Built from 1948 to 1959 as part of a modernist slum clearance initiative, Regent Park was deemed a failure soon after it opened and was then stigmatised for decades thereafter, both for being a working-class enclave and for epitomising an outdated approach to city planning. A second redevelopment began in 2005, whereby the project is being demolished and rebuilt as a mix of subsidised and market housing, retail space, and other amenities. Despite its enduring stigmatisation, however, many current and former residents retain positive memories of Regent Park. Participants in this study tended to refer to it as a community, indicating senses of shared ownership and belonging that residents themselves built in everyday life. This dissertation emphasises the capacity of working-class people to build and maintain community on their own terms, and in spite of multiple and intersecting constraints. To theorise community-building, I begin from the concept of social reproduction: the work of maintaining and replenishing stable living conditions, both day-to-day and across generations. Much of this work is domestic labour unpaid tasks done inside the household such as cooking, cleaning, and raising children. In Regent Park, social reproduction demanded even more of residents: the stability of households was often threatened by dangers and challenges unique to life in a stigmatised housing project, and it was largely left up to residents themselves to redress these. To account for the considerable effort this involved, I propose a concept adjacent to domestic labour that I call extra-domestic labour: unpaid work done outside the household, usually through informal collaboration among members of different households, that is necessary for social reproduction. Extra-domestic labour built community and fostered a territorial solidarity that, I argue, is the primary means through which Regent Parkers developed class consciousness. This was often expressed through emic class categories, which were defined in relation to the locality more so than the workplace, and through which people interpreted their position in the wider social order.