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A study explores the reaction of shareholders to layoff announcements. Shareholders' reactions to 137 layoff announcements by 57 Canadian firms over the period January 1989 to August 1992 were examined. Shareholders are found to react negatively to announcements of a layoff in their company. Shareholders have a greater negative reaction to a company's first layoff than to subsequent layoff announcements. Moreover, shareholders respond more negatively to large-scale layoffs than to those involving small percentages of the workforce. The implications of these findings for human resource management are discussed.
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L'ancienneté du salarié est une notion présente dans plusieurs systèmes de relations du travail. Cette commune importance de l'ancienneté conduit à étudier sa nature juridique en débordant les cadres d'un système particulier. Après avoir examiné les thèses dominantes quant à la nature juridique de l'ancienneté du salarié en France et au Québec et avoir décrit les diverses manifestations de l'ancienneté dans ces deux systèmes, l'auteur conclut que l'ancienneté du salarié est une notion individualiste fondée sur l'appartenance à l'entreprise ou sur l'existence d'un lien contractuel avec l'employeur.
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The article reviews the book "Spectres of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International," by Jacques Derrida.
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The article reviews the book, "Critique du droit du travail," by Alain Supiot.
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The article reviews the book, "Le droit des salariés à la négociation collective : principe général du droit," by Marie-Laure Morin.
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L'analyse du travail répétitif dans le secteur agro-alimentaire se fait dans le contexte de l'augmentation des problèmes musculo- squelettiques. L'approche de l'ergonome est abordée au travers d'études dans ce secteur, en particulier dans une usine de transformation de la volaille. L'intervention ergonomique axée sur l'amélioration des situations de travail nécessite l'implication et la participation des différents partenaires dans l'entreprise. L'analyse de l'activité de travail et l'implication des travailleurs dans l'interprétation des résultats fait ressortir la complexité du travail répétitif. La mise en valeur du savoir des travailleurs et la recherche d'une compréhension élargie du travail au-delà des aspects physiques apparaissent essentielles à la formulation de recommandations et à la revalorisation du métier.
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The article reviews the book, "Ménagères au temps de la Crise," by Denyse Baillargeon.
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The article reviews the book, "The New American Workplace: Transforming Work Systems in the United States," by Eileen Appelbaum and Rosemary Batt.
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The article reviews the book, "Occupational Subcultures in the Workplace," by Harrison M. Trice.
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Argues that there is a taboo surrounding the human experience of work and the work place, with a corresponding silence in poetry and fiction. Asserts that this is not because work is boring, but because people are in a state of unfreedom at work, which also impacts on their effective participation as citizens. Discusses the problems with work place democracy, while arguing that freedom should nevertheless be considered a full-time, not a part-time matter. The paper, which was originally given at the 1994 Sitka Symposium on the spirit of human work, is punctuated with quotations from the author's writings.
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The conflict within the Ontario New Democratic Party during 1982-1984 on the question of setting party policy in support of the feminist campaign for free-standing abortion clinics is used as a case study to develop three aspects of social movement theory: alliance and conflict systems, radical flank effects, and social movement-political party relations. A previously undocumented radical flank effect is proposed. an inequality effect, arising under conditions when the distinction between radical and dominant sectors of a social movement align with a form of fundamental social inequality. The inequality effect is consequential for creating a distinction in the alliance and conflict systems of the radical and dominant sectors of the movement. It is suggested that the relation of Canadian social democracy to social movements be read as a dynamic tension between constituency representation and brokerage politics.
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Focusing on the origins of the United Automobile Workers (UAW) in Canada during the 1940s, this study analyzes the evolution of a work-centred, "rank and file" model of unionism into a top-down model of economistic unionism centred on collective bargaining and the stabilization of labour-management relations in the workplace. In order to attain organizational security, UAW leaders turned to state elites. The main price of employer and state acceptance of such security was the union leaders' agreement to suppress worker "direct action." This tradeoff has helped to shape the current limits of trade union mobilization in Canada. --Publisher's description
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At the heart of Canada's "Fordist" class compromise after World War II lay a new unionism which reinforced managerial control in the workplace. By repudiating rank-and-file initiatives against various dimensions of management control of the labour process, the new unionism displaced a potentially transformative kind of unionism that arose during the war. The significance of this transition is explored through a comparative examination of the relations between union leaders and members at two autoworker locals, one of which exemplified the ran-and-file-oriented local unionism of the war years, the other the new centralized unionism which came in its wake. It is argued that this transition to a new unionism was a key contributor to the marginalization of class-based politics in Canada after the war.
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Industrial Relations: The Economy and Society by John Godard is reviewed.
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The article reviews the book, "The Humanized Workplace," by Jerome Braun.
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The article reviews and comments on several books including "Giving Away A Miracle: Lost Dreams, Broken Promises and the Ontario NDP," by George Ehring and Wayne Roberts, "From Protest to Power: Social Democracy in Canada, 1900-Present," by Norman Penner, and "Canadian Trade Unions and the New Democratic Party," by Keith Archer and Alan Whitehorn.
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The article reviews the book, "Home to Work: Motherhood and Politics of Industrial Homework in the United States," by Eileen Boris.