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The results of research on the determinants of unemployment spell durations of individuals experiencing job separations in each year from 1978 to 1980 and from 1982 to 1985 are presented. Accelerated failure time models that incorporate explicit assumptions concerning the functional form of the baseline hazard are estimated for each year, and for a variety of functional forms. Cox's (1972) proportional hazards procedure is also employed. The results obtained are robust to the functional form assumed, but not necessarily to the year of data used. It is found that the average duration of an unemployment spell increased significantly as the economy moved into recession during the early 1980s, and that, for the most part, it decreased during the subsequent recovery. However, even though the aggregate unemployment rate fell between 1984 and 1985, the average duration of an unemployment spell increased. For some demographic groups, economic recovery does little to reduce unemployment spell durations. Most notable in this regard is the change in the relationship between age and spell duration.
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The article reviews the book "Solidarité inc: Un nouveau syndicalisme créateur d'emplois," by Louis Fournier.
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Examines the struggle for equal pay for women in a large office union composed of female clerical and male technical and manual workers. The Office and Technical Employees' Union pursued "equal pay for equal job evaluation" for over thirty years from 1949 to 1981, while the employer, B.C. Electric/Hydro, systematically restructured unequal pay. At the same time, union negotiating practices and priorities also reinforced the gendered hierarchy in the workplace, and equal pay for women remained a sectoral "women's issue" rather than a core general union issue.
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The article reviews the book, "Working Class Experience: Rethinking the History of Canadian Labor, 1800-1991," by Bryan D. Palmer.
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The article reviews the book, "Le traité du recours à l'encontre d'un congédiement sans cause juste et suffisante," by Pierre Laporte.
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Analyzes through the use of tables the principle characteristics of the 181 strikes that took place in the resource-based economy of northern Ontario between 1900 and 1945. Concludes that the strike frequency reflected the pattern of others in the country during the period, that the strikes nvolved mostly workers in the mining, metal, forestry, and pulp and paper industries, that the core issues were union representation and compensation, and that the employer generally won, especially in mining.
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The article reviews the book, "Chronologie du Québec," by Jean Provencher.
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The author reflects on her teaching experiences while a part-time instructor in McMaster University's labour studies program. Focuses on the classroom behaviour of some male students who were hostile toward labour unions and political correctness. Also describes a related incident where a student wrote an exam under false pretenses, for which there was no significant sanction from the administration.
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The article reviews and comments on Alan Dawley's 'Struggles for Social Justice: Social Responsibility and the Liberal State' (1991) and 'The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980' (1989), edited by Steve Fraser and Gary Gerstle.
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The article reviews the book, "Femmes et pouvoir dans I'Église," by Anita Caron.
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The article reviews the book, "Alternatives to Lean Production. Work Organization in the Swedish Auto Industry, by Christian Berggren.
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The article reviews the book, "À la recherche d'un monde oublié. Les communautés religieuses de femmes au Québec, de 1900 à 1970," by Nicole Laurin, Danielle Juteau, and Lorraine Duchesne.
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The article reviews the book, "History Workshop: A Collectanea, 1967-1991," edited by Raphael Samuel.
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An analysis of adjudicator decisions dealing with complaints of unjust dismissal under the Canada Labour Code is provided. Sections 240 et seq. of the code provides statutory protection against unjust dismissal for nonunionized employees in the federal jurisdiction. The main objective of the study is to determine whether the concept of progressive discipline has been adopted by adjudicators acting under the code. In addition, how adjudicators have viewed progressive discipline, that is, its definition, application, and purpose, is discussed. Data were collected from decisions rendered under the code from its beginning in September 1978 to March 1989. Logit analysis was employed to identify the significant predictors of the dichotomous dependent variable, the probability of the complaint being sustained or denied. The results reveal that adjudicators have adopted the approach to discipline by arbitrators in the unionized sector. The adoption of this principle is questioned, given the potential negative effects of discipline as illustrated in the organizational behavior literature.
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The article reviews the book, "Guide Mercer sur la gestion de la rénumération : théorie et pratique," by Roland Thériault Roland.
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The article reviews the book, "Économie du travail," 2e éd., by Jean-Michel Cousineau.
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The need to reexamine academic orthodoxy in the light of recent feminist scholarship is particularly pressing in the case of industrial relations. A study focuses on industrial relations as conceptualized and practiced by academics in Canadian business schools where systems theory remains the predominant analytical paradigm. The purpose of the study is to show that industrial relations so constructed is profoundly gender-biased. As a discipline, industrial relations is growing out of touch, not only with the changing realities of the workplace, but also with academic discourse in the social sciences. While some attention is paid to the so-called women's issues - maternity leave, sexual harassment policies, pay equity, and other issues - attention is limited. What is missing from industrial relations as presently defined and practiced is an analysis of gender relations as power relations.
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The article reviews the book, "Echoes from Labor's Wars: The Expanded Edition," by Dawn Fraser,
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The article reviews the book, "'Ole Boy': Memoirs of a Canadian Labour Leader, J.K. Bell," by Sue Calhoun.
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The author discusses his experiences teaching labour history at the university, trade union, and public levels, as well as a media commentator on labour-related issues. Concludes that labour historians can make a distinctive contribution to the historical pursuit of meaning by shifting the terms of public discourse toward a working-class perspective.