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This article reviews the book, "Segmented Work Divided Workers : The Historical Transformation of Labour in the United States," by David Gordon, Richard Edwards & Michael Reich.
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This article reviews the book, "Working-Class Experience : The Rise and Reconstitution of Canadian Labour, 1800-1980," by Bryan Palmer.
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The restructuring of the economy of Canada continued at a quick pace throughout the recession of the early 1990s. Challenges are faced by unions and their leaders as the workplace undergoes major reorganization as a result of recent economic policy, unrelenting global competition, and political uncertainty. Interviews were conducted with senior and upper middle-level leaders of 8 unions in Ontario in 1992. Interview data were supplemented with an examination of documents. All the union leaders argued that the basic roles of unions and their members' expectations of their unions have not changed despite transformations in the composition of the membership and changes in the structure of the workplace and the economy. Union leaders generally see the importance of the union's involvement in local affairs, but are cautious about their particular union's place in social movements. All leaders agreed that the present climate for labor-management negotiations is adversarial and increasingly contentious.
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In February 1997, Canada Post privatized its ad-mail services and in the process terminated 10,000 Canadian Union of Postal Workers. These events became a part of the central driving force which derailed contract negotiations and led to the November 1997 postal strike. The purpose of this article is to expose the process and consequences of this major event in the industrial relations of Canada Post; to examine the role and positions of the three major institutions involved — the government, the corporation (Canada Post) and the Canadian Union of Postal Workers (CUPW), and to explore the implications of privatization with regards to industrial relations in Canada Post. The article also documents the fate of the 10,000 workers through a survey of their status six months after the privatization.
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Using data from the 1996 Public Use Microdata File (PUMF) on individuals, this paper examines labour force activity of women in Canada, focussing on the effects of familial status and household structure to determine whether these factors have similar elasticities among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women. We found that labour force activity varied greatly by Aboriginal Status. In general, Registered Indians were less likely to be employed but more likely to be unemployed than Other Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals. While lower educational attainment, presence of minor children and lone parenthood were found to be associated with a lower likelihood of being employed, significant differences by Aboriginal Status were found. The effect of educational attainment on employment was found to be higher among Registered Indians. (English)
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[This book] offers a progressive approach to the sociology of work and labour. Each chapter tackles an essential contemporary labour issue and includes original research from top scholars across Canada. The first of four parts is devoted to the contemporary turmoil of working Canadians caused by the upheaval in the manufacturing and service industries. Part Two discusses the tremendous impact of technology on the labour force. Specific case studies raise universal questions. ...Part Three examines issues specific to women in the new and changing workplace. The intrinsic conflict of work and family is established as the context for examining the division of labour inside and outside the family. ...Chapters in the final part examine the loss of manufacturing jobs, and the new realities of unemployment, underemployment, and under-qualification. --Publisher's description (abridged). Contents: Introduction: Debating the future of work (pages 1-5). Part 1. Canadian working lives in turmoil: The traditional workplace transformed (7). Lost horizons, leisure shock: good jobs, bad jobs, uncertain future / Daniel Glenday (8-34)-- From cars to casinos, from work to workfare: the brave new world of Canadian employment / Jamie Swift (35-52)-- The casualization of the labour force / Dave Broad (53-73). Part 2. The new workplace: technology, telework and restructuring (75). Technology and the deskilling of work: the case of passenger agents at Air Canada / Vivian Shalla (76-96 )-- The impact of teleworking on Canadian employment / Kay Stratton Devine, Laurel Taylor, and Kathy Haryett (97-116) -- Health care, hospitals, and reengineering: the nightingales sing the blues / Jerry P. White (117-142). Part 3. Tradition confronts the new employment: women, work, and family (143) -- Always working , never done: the expansion of the double day / Norene Pupo (144-165)-- The part-time solution: toward entrapment or empowerment? / Ann Duffy (166-188). Part 4. Negotiating the margins: unemployment and training (189). Changes in the patterns of unemployment: the new realities of joblessness / Patrick Burman (190-216) -- Living in the credential gap: responses to underemployment and underqualification / David W. Livingston (217-239) -- Editors' conclusion: The jobs crisis: looking ahead (240-43).
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