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The article reviews the book, "Le droit de l'emploi au Québec," by Fernand Morin and Jean-Yves Brière.
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Editorial introduction to the theme of the issue.
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Dans un contexte d’intégration économique, quel est l’impact d’un cadre réglementaire distinctif en matière d’emploi sur le développement économique ? L’article montre dans un premier temps le caractère fondamentalement distinct du cadre réglementaire québécois relativement au cadre américain. De là, il analyse cette question à partir d’entrevues réalisées auprès de dirigeants d’entreprises ayant des lieux de production dans ces deux espaces économiques. Cette démarche permet d’amorcer une réflexion théorique sur le particularisme institutionnel au sein d’un ensemble économique régional intégré. L’étude conclut qu’il est possible de préserver les spécificités du cadre réglementaire québécois dans la mesure où celui-ci s’inscrit dans une stratégie de développement de l’industrie manufacturière dans les secteurs à haute valeur ajoutée, lesquels exigent une main-d’oeuvre qualifiée. Il importe donc de soutenir la croissance des secteurs susceptibles de tirer avantage d’un tel contexte, notamment par l’appui à la recherche et au développement.
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This article explores te extent to which Quebec can, in the face of global- ization, create its own distinct policies on labour and employment. The authors argue that although global economic restructuring poses serious challenges to local governance, national institutions will continue to play a key role in regulat- ing the employment relationship. In the case of Quebec, such institutions embody what the authors describe as a "hybrid" regime - i.e. a legal system that blends French-based civil law and the North American model of collective labour rela- tions, and an economic system that has elements of both the liberal market and the coordinated market types. The authors disagree with the suggestion that legal systems based on the civil law are less economically efficient than those based on the common law, and they see no reason why the hybrid nature of Quebec ' regu- latoryframework should be a disadvantage in a globalizing economy. They point out, however that globalization has accentuated the disjunction between eco- nomic activity, which is now continentally and internationally inregrated, and governance institutions that date Jrom the post-war period. 1/u.is problem is par- ticularly acute in Quebec and Canada because of their integ.ration into an eco- nomic region dominated by the U.S., and because the constitutional division of powers between the federal government and the provinces makes it difficult to achieve coherence between social and economic policies.
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For a clear understanding of the legal protections and remedies available to employers and workers in Canada, this convenient survey and analysis is ideal. Although it may be said that there are eleven distinct systems of labour law in Canada - encompassing ten provinces and the Federal government - the authors ensure depth of treatment by focusing on common policy themes and typical legal solutions, with significant departures noted in whatever province or area of law they may arise. However, the relevant law of the three most populous and influential provinces - Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia - is covered in particular detail, as is Federal labour legislation and case law. Among the important areas of Canadian law and practice emphasised are the following: the tension between trade union power and business flexibility; collective "labour law" and individual "employment law"; the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement; the central place of the legal concept of the employment contract; labour standards legislation; the influence of the 1982 Charter of Rights and Freedoms; court intervention in labour law, both under common law principles and Quebec's civil code; the role of labour relations boards; and judicial review of administrative decisions and arbitration awards. As an accurate and usable guide for lawyers not expert in Canadian law, Labour Law in Canada is without peer. --Publisher's description
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