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The article examines the landmark 1902 meeting of the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada, that took place in Berlin (now Kitchener). The Congress is an organization of labour unions, which during this 1902 meeting became an organization of exclusively international unions. This resulted from a long battle between international unions (like the Knights of Labor) and their rivals, such as the Conseil central des Métiers et du Travail de Montréal, which originated in Quebec. The 1902 Congress reinforced pre-existing structures that ensured international unions’ dominance in Canada.