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The article reviews the book, "States, Markets, Families: Gender, Liberalism and Social Policy in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and the United States," by Julia S. O'Connor, Ann Shola Orloff and Sheila Shaver.
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The article reviews the book, "Perspectives of Equality: Work, Women, and Family in the Nordic Countries and EU," edited by Laura Kalliomaa-Puha.
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This article reviews the book, "The Limits of Legitimacy: Political Contradictions of Contemporary Capitalism," by Alan Wolfe.
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This chapter introduces readers to the income benefit components of Canada’s Employment Insurance (EI) program. It traces the evolution from Unemployment Insurance in 1971 to EI in 1997 to its state as of 2024. It cites some of the more recent proposals for reforming the program but argues that significant reform seems a distant prospect. This chapter focuses on three key policy concerns: the declining rate of coverage over time, the persistently high incidence of frequent use, and the impact of the rules and provisions on shaping hiring and job separation decisions. The administrative superstructure remains an unwieldy, inflexible circumscription for two distinct programs that are appended together. One is loosely based on insurance principles that serve the majority of claimants without part-year employment. The other constitutes an income maintenance scheme serving the minority with seasonal employment patterns, which the government has targeted with extraordinary coverage since 1971 and mostly protected from cutbacks. Decoupling these two components, as recommended by two royal commissions in the mid-1980s, would facilitate a less costly, more efficient, and more modern EI system that could better accommodate the evolving labor market structure going forward. It would be extremely problematic to extend coverage to “gig” workers.
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This chapter focuses on the challenge that precarious employment in Canada’s labor force poses to protective labor law and policy, and thus to state policy more generally. Precarious employment is conceptualized as work for remuneration characterized by multiple dimensions of labor market insecurity, such as job uncertainty, low income, lack of control over the labor process, and higher risks of ill health. The chapter shows that these dimensions of insecurity are associated with particular forms of employment including self-employment, part-time forms of self- and paid employment, as well as temporary paid employment. In considering workers’ legal protections, the chapter focuses on three distinct domains: employment standards (ES), collective bargaining, and occupational health and safety (OHS). It demonstrates that precariously employed workers are vulnerable to ES violations, are less likely to benefit from laws that facilitate access to collective bargaining coverage, and tend to experience relatively high rates of injury and benefit less from OHS regulation.
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